Zhao Y, Ren J, Meng L, Hou Y, Liu C, Zhang G, Shen W. Characterization of novel MSX1 variants causally associated with non-syndromic oligodontia in Chinese families.
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024;
12:e2334. [PMID:
38069551 PMCID:
PMC10767605 DOI:
10.1002/mgg3.2334]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
MSX1 (OMIM #142983) is crucial to normal dental development, and variants in MSX1 are associated with dental anomalies. The objective of this study was to characterize the pathogenicity of novel MSX1 variants in Chinese families with non-syndromic oligodontia (NSO).
METHODS
Genomic DNA was extracted from individuals representing 35 families with non-syndromic oligodontia and was analyzed by Sanger sequencing and whole-exome sequencing. Pathogenic variants were screened via analyses involving PolyPhen-2, Sorting-Intolerant from Tolerant, and MutationTaster, and conservative analysis of variants. Patterns of MSX1-related NSO were analyzed. MSX1 structural changes suggested functional consequences in vitro.
RESULTS
Three previously unreported MSX1 heterozygous variants were identified: one insertion variant (c.576_577insTAG; p.Gln193*) and two missense variants (c. 871T>C; p.Tyr291His and c. 644A>C; p.Gln215Pro). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed abnormal subcellular localization of the p.Gln193* MSX1 variant. In addition, we found that these MSX1 variants likely lead to the loss of second premolars.
CONCLUSION
Three novel MSX1 variants were identified in Chinese Han families with NSO, expanding the MSX1 variant spectrum and presenting a genetic origin for the pathogenesis detected in patients and their families.
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