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Jia M, Ni Y, Zhao H, Liu X, Yan W, Zhao X, Wang J, He B, Liu H. Full-length transcriptome and RNA-Seq analyses reveal the resistance mechanism of sesame in response to Corynespora cassiicola. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 38262910 PMCID: PMC10804834 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corynespora leaf spot is a common leaf disease occurring in sesame, and the disease causes leaf yellowing and even shedding, which affects the growth quality of sesame. At present, the mechanism of sesame resistance to this disease is still unclear. Understanding the resistance mechanism of sesame to Corynespora leaf spot is highly important for the control of infection. In this study, the leaves of the sesame resistant variety (R) and the sesame susceptible variety (S) were collected at 0-48 hpi for transcriptome sequencing, and used a combined third-generation long-read and next-generation short-read technology approach to identify some key genes and main pathways related to resistance. RESULTS The gene expression levels of the two sesame varieties were significantly different at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hpi, indicating that the up-regulation of differentially expressed genes in the R might enhanced the resistance. Moreover, combined with the phenotypic observations of sesame leaves inoculated at different time points, we found that 12 hpi was the key time point leading to the resistance difference between the two sesame varieties at the molecular level. The WGCNA identified two modules significantly associated with disease resistance, and screened out 10 key genes that were highly expressed in R but low expressed in S, which belonged to transcription factors (WRKY, AP2/ERF-ERF, and NAC types) and protein kinases (RLK-Pelle_DLSV, RLK-Pelle_SD-2b, and RLK-Pelle_WAK types). These genes could be the key response factors in the response of sesame to infection by Corynespora cassiicola. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that specific modules could be enriched, which manifested as enrichment in biologically important pathways, such as plant signalling hormone transduction, plant-pathogen interaction, carbon metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, MAPK and other stress-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an important resource of genes contributing to disease resistance and will deepen our understanding of the regulation of disease resistance, paving the way for further molecular breeding of sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jia
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Yunxia Ni
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Xintao Liu
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Wenqing Yan
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Xinbei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Bipo He
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
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Yu X, Liu Y, Cao P, Zeng X, Xu B, Luo F, Yang X, Wang X, Wang X, Xiao X, Yang L, Lei T. Morphological Structure and Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Drought Stress of Iris japonica. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3729. [PMID: 37960085 PMCID: PMC10648531 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is among the most important abiotic stresses on plants, so research on the physiological regulation mechanisms of plants under drought stress can critically increase the economic and ecological value of plants in arid regions. In this study, the effects of drought stress on the growth status and biochemical indicators of Iris japonica were explored. Under drought stress, the root system, leaves, rhizomes, and terrestrial stems of plants were sequentially affected; the root system was sparse and slender; and the leaves lost their luster and gradually wilted. Among the physiological changes, the increase in the proline and soluble protein content of Iris japonica enhanced the cellular osmotic pressure and reduced the water loss. In anatomical structures, I. japonica chloroplasts were deformed after drought treatment, whereas the anatomical structures of roots did not substantially change. Plant antioxidant systems play an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis; but, as drought stress intensified, the soluble sugar content of terrestrial stems was reduced by 55%, and the ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activities of leaves and the MDHAR activity of roots were reduced by 29%, 40%, 22%, and 77%, respectively. Overall, I. japonica was resistant to 63 days of severe drought stress and resisted drought through various physiological responses. These findings provide a basis for the application of I. japonica in water-scarce areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Yujia Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Panpan Cao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiaoxuan Zeng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Fuwen Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Xuan Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiantong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Xue Xiao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Lijuan Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
| | - Ting Lei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (B.X.); (F.L.); (X.Y.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (T.L.)
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Bruccoleri RE, Oakeley EJ, Faust AME, Altorfer M, Dessus-Babus S, Burckhardt D, Oertli M, Naumann U, Petersen F, Wong J. Genome assembly of the bearded iris, Iris pallida Lam. GIGABYTE 2023; 2023:gigabyte94. [PMID: 37829656 PMCID: PMC10565908 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Irises are perennial plants, representing a large genus with hundreds of species. While cultivated extensively for their ornamental value, commercial interest in irises lies in the secondary metabolites present in their rhizomes. The Dalmatian Iris (Iris pallida Lam.) is an ornamental plant that also produces secondary metabolites with potential value to the fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. In addition to providing base notes for the fragrance industry, iris tissues and extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, study of these secondary metabolites has been hampered by a lack of genomic information, requiring difficult extraction and analysis techniques. Here, we report the genome sequence of Iris pallida Lam., generated with Pacific Bioscience long-read sequencing, resulting in a 10.04-Gbp assembly with a scaffold N50 of 14.34 Mbp and 91.8% complete BUSCOs. This reference genome will allow researchers to study the biosynthesis of these secondary metabolites in much greater detail, opening new avenues of investigation for drug discovery and fragrance formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward J. Oakeley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ann Marie E. Faust
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marc Altorfer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Dessus-Babus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Burckhardt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mevion Oertli
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Petersen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joanne Wong
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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