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Goncharova IA, Shipulina SA, Sleptcov AA, Zarubin AA, Valiakhmetov NR, Panfilov DS, Lelik EV, Saushkin VV, Kozlov BN, Nazarenko LP, Nazarenko MS. Identification of Variants of Uncertain Significance in the Genes Associated with Thoracic Aortic Disease in Russian Patients with Nonsyndromic Sporadic Subtypes of the Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8315. [PMID: 39125885 PMCID: PMC11312146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm (nssTAA) is characterized by diverse genetic variants that may vary in different populations. Our aim was to identify clinically relevant variants in genes implicated in hereditary aneurysms in Russian patients with nssTAA. Forty-one patients with nssTAA without dissection were analyzed. Using massive parallel sequencing, we searched for variants in exons of 53 known disease-causing genes. Patients were found to have no (likely) pathogenic variants in the genes of hereditary TAA. Six variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) were identified in four (9.8%) patients. Three VUSs [FBN1 c.7841C>T (p.Ala2614Val), COL3A1 c.2498A>T (p.Lys833Ile), and MYH11 c.4993C>T (p.Arg1665Cys)] are located in genes with "definitive" disease association (ClinGen). The remaining variants are in "potentially diagnostic" genes or genes with experimental evidence of disease association [NOTCH1 c.964G>A (p.Val322Met), COL4A5 c.953C>G (p.Pro318Arg), and PLOD3 c.833G>A (p.Gly278Asp)]. Russian patients with nssTAA without dissection examined in this study have ≥1 VUSs in six known genes of hereditary TAA (FBN1, COL3A1, MYH11, NOTCH1, COL4A5, or PLOD3). Experimental studies expanded genetic testing, and clinical examination of patients and first/second-degree relatives may shift VUSs to the pathogenic (benign) category or to a new class of rare "predisposing" low-penetrance variants causing the pathology if combined with other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Goncharova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Sofia A. Shipulina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Aleksei A. Sleptcov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Aleksei A. Zarubin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Nail R. Valiakhmetov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Dmitry S. Panfilov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 111a Kievskaya Str., Tomsk 634012, Russia; (D.S.P.); (E.V.L.); (V.V.S.); (B.N.K.)
| | - Evgeniya V. Lelik
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 111a Kievskaya Str., Tomsk 634012, Russia; (D.S.P.); (E.V.L.); (V.V.S.); (B.N.K.)
| | - Viktor V. Saushkin
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 111a Kievskaya Str., Tomsk 634012, Russia; (D.S.P.); (E.V.L.); (V.V.S.); (B.N.K.)
| | - Boris N. Kozlov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 111a Kievskaya Str., Tomsk 634012, Russia; (D.S.P.); (E.V.L.); (V.V.S.); (B.N.K.)
| | - Ludmila P. Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
| | - Maria S. Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Ushaika Str., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (I.A.G.); (S.A.S.); (A.A.S.); (A.A.Z.); (N.R.V.); (L.P.N.)
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Zhang R, Li Y, Zhang J. Molecular mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse influenced by FBLN5 via FOSL1/miR-222/MEIS1/COL3A1 axis. Cell Signal 2024; 114:111000. [PMID: 38056607 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
This study delves into the role of FBLN5 in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and its molecular mechanisms, focusing on the FOSL1/miR-222/MEIS1/COL3A1 axis. Gene relationships linked to POP were confirmed using bioinformatics databases like GEO and StarBase. Primary human uterosacral ligament fibroblasts (hUSLF) were extracted and subjected to mechanical stretching. Cellular cytoskeletal changes were examined via phalloidin staining, intracellular ROS levels with a ROS kit, cell apoptosis through flow cytometry, and cell senescence using β-galactosidase staining. FBLN5's downstream targets were identified, and the interaction between FOSL1 and miR-222 and miR-222 and MEIS1 were validated using assays. In rat models, the role of FBLN5 in POP was assessed using bladder pressure tests. Results indicated diminished FBLN5 expression in uterine prolapse. Enhanced FBLN5 countered mechanical damage in hUSLF cells by downregulating FOSL1. FOSL1 augmented miR-222, inhibiting MEIS1, which subsequently fostered COL3A1 transcription. In rat models, the absence of FBLN5 exacerbated POP by influencing the FOSL1/miR-222/MEIS1/COL3A1 pathway. FBLN5's protective role likely involves regulating the above axis and boosting COL3A1 expression. Further research is needed to validate the effectiveness and safety of this mechanism in human patients and to propose potential new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, PR China.
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Wang Y, Panicker IS, Anesi J, Sargisson O, Atchison B, Habenicht AJR. Animal Models, Pathogenesis, and Potential Treatment of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:901. [PMID: 38255976 PMCID: PMC10815651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) has a prevalence of 0.16-0.34% and an incidence of 7.6 per 100,000 person-years, accounting for 1-2% of all deaths in Western countries. Currently, no effective pharmacological therapies have been identified to slow TAA development and prevent TAA rupture. Large TAAs are treated with open surgical repair and less invasive thoracic endovascular aortic repair, both of which have high perioperative mortality risk. Therefore, there is an urgent medical need to identify the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying TAA development and rupture to develop new therapies. In this review, we summarize animal TAA models including recent developments in porcine and zebrafish models: porcine models can assess new therapeutic devices or intervention strategies in a large mammal and zebrafish models can employ large-scale small-molecule suppressor screening in microwells. The second part of the review covers current views of TAA pathogenesis, derived from recent studies using these animal models, with a focus on the roles of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) pathway and the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-elastin-contractile unit. The last part discusses TAA treatment options as they emerge from recent preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia; (I.S.P.)
| | - Indu S. Panicker
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia; (I.S.P.)
| | - Jack Anesi
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia; (I.S.P.)
| | - Owen Sargisson
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia; (I.S.P.)
| | - Benjamin Atchison
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia; (I.S.P.)
| | - Andreas J. R. Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany;
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