Establishment of m7G-related gene pair signature to predict overall survival in colorectal cancer

RNA modifications in cancer immune therapy: regulators of immune cells and immune checkpoints

RNA modifications are epigenetic changes that alter the structure and function of RNA molecules, playing a crucial role in the onset, progression, and treatment of cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies, particularly PD-1 blockade and anti-CTLA-4 treatments, have changed the treatment landscape of virous cancers, showing great potential in the treatment of different cancer patients, but sensitivity to these therapies is limited to certain individuals. This review offers a comprehensive survey of the functions and therapeutic implications of the four principal RNA modifications, particularly highlighting the significance of m6A in the realms of immune cells in tumor and immunotherapy. This review starts by providing a foundational summary of the roles RNA modifications assume within the immune cell community, focusing on T cells, NK cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. We then discuss how RNA modifications influence the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing immune checkpoint expression, modulation of ICI efficacy, and prediction of ICI treatment outcomes, and review drug therapies targeting genes regulated by RNA modifications. Finally, we explore the role of RNA modifications in gene editing, cancer vaccines, and adoptive T cell therapies, offering valuable insights into the use of RNA modifications in cancer immunotherapy.

M7G-related tumor immunity: novel insights of RNA modification and potential therapeutic targets

RNA modifications play a pivotal role in regulating cellular biology by exerting influence over distribution features and molecular functions at the post-transcriptional level. Among these modifications, N7-methylguanosine (m7G) stands out as one of the most prevalent. Over recent years, significant attention has been directed towards understanding the implications of m7G modification. This modification is present in diverse RNA molecules, including transfer RNAs, messenger RNAs, ribosomal RNAs, and other noncoding RNAs. Its regulation occurs through a series of specific methyltransferases and m7G-binding proteins. Notably, m7G modification has been implicated in various diseases, prominently across multiple cancer types. Earlier studies have elucidated the significance of m7G modification in the context of immune biology regulation within the tumor microenvironment. This comprehensive review culminates in a synthesis of findings related to the modulation of immune cells infiltration, encompassing T cells, B cells, and various innate immune cells, all orchestrated by m7G modification. Furthermore, the interplay between m7G modification and its regulatory proteins can profoundly affect the efficacy of diverse adjuvant therapeutics, thereby potentially serving as a pivotal biomarker and therapeutic target for combinatory interventions in diverse cancer types.