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Graveline R, Haida M, Dumont C, Poulin D, Poitout-Belissent F, Samadfam R, Kronenberg S, Regenass-Lechner F, Prell R, Piche MS. Development of a nonhuman primate challenge model to evaluate CD8 + T cell responses to an adenovirus-based vaccine expressing SIV proteins upon repeat-dose treatment with checkpoint inhibitors. MAbs 2021; 14:1979447. [PMID: 34923919 PMCID: PMC8726661 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1979447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting immune checkpoint receptors expressed in the T cell synapse induces active and long-lasting antitumor immunity in preclinical tumor models and oncology patients. However, traditional nonhuman primate (NHP) studies in healthy animals have thus far demonstrated little to no pharmacological activity or toxicity for checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs), likely due to a quiescent immune system. We developed a NHP vaccine challenge model in Mauritius cynomolgus monkey (MCMs) that elicits a strong CD8+ T cell response to assess both pharmacology and safety within the same animal. MHC I-genotyped MCMs were immunized with three replication incompetent adenovirus serotype 5 (Adv5) encoding Gag, Nef and Pol simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) proteins administered 4 weeks apart. Immunized animals received the anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab or an immune checkpoint-targeting bispecific antibody (mAbX) in early development. After a single immunization, Adv5-SIVs induced T-cell activation as assessed by the expression of several co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, proliferation, and antigen-specific T-cell response as measured by a Nef-dependent interferon-γ ELIspot and tetramer analysis. Administration of atezolizumab increased the number of Ki67+ CD8+ T cells, CD8+ T cells co-expressing TIM3 and LAG3 and the number of CD4+ T cells co-expressing 4–1BB, BTLA, and TIM3 two weeks after vaccination. Both atezolizumab and mAbX extended the cytolytic activity of the SIV antigen-specific CD8+ T cell up to 8 weeks. Taken together, this vaccine challenge model allowed the combined study of pharmacology and safety parameters for a new immunomodulatory protein-based therapeutic targeting CD8+ T cells in an NHP model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morad Haida
- Immunology, Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, Canada
| | | | - Dominic Poulin
- Immunology, Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, Canada
| | | | - Rana Samadfam
- Immunology, Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, Canada
| | - Sven Kronenberg
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Regenass-Lechner
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rodney Prell
- Safety Assessment, Development Sciences, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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Muñoz M, Hegazy AN, Brunner TM, Holecska V, Marek RM, Fröhlich A, Löhning M. Th2 cells lacking T-bet suppress naive and memory T cell responses via IL-10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2002787118. [PMID: 33526653 PMCID: PMC8017670 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002787118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exacerbated immune responses and loss of self-tolerance lead to the development of autoimmunity and immunopathology. Novel therapies to target autoreactive T cells are still needed. Here, we report that Th2-polarized T cells lacking the transcription factor T-bet harbor strong immunomodulatory potential and suppress antigen-specific CD8+ T cells via IL-10. Tbx21-/- Th2 cells protected mice against virus-induced type 1 diabetes development and suppressed not only naive but also memory CD8+ T cell responses. IL-10-producing, but not IL-10-deficient Tbx21-/- Th2 cells down-regulated costimulatory molecules on dendritic cells and reduced their IL-12 production after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Impaired dendritic cell activation hindered effector and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell development after infection. These findings indicate that Tbx21-/- Th2 cells strongly suppress proinflammatory responses of naive and memory T cells via IL-10. Thus, in vivo IL-10-secreting Th2 cells could harbor a therapeutic potential for the treatment of T cell-mediated inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melba Muñoz
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed N Hegazy
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias M Brunner
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vivien Holecska
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roman M Marek
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Fröhlich
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Löhning
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Institutes, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Perez-Gutierrez A, Metes DM, Lu L, Hariharan S, Thomson AW, Ezzelarab MB. Characterization of eomesodermin and T-bet expression by allostimulated CD8 + T cells of healthy volunteers and kidney transplant patients in relation to graft outcome. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 194:259-272. [PMID: 30246373 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory T cell (Tmem) responses play a critical role in the outcome of allo-transplantation. While the role of the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes) in the maintenance of antigen-specific Tmem is well studied, little is known about Eomes+ CD8+ T cell responses after transplantation. We evaluated the phenotype and function of allo-reactive Eomes+ CD8+ T cells in healthy volunteers and kidney transplant patients and their relation to transplant outcome. High Eomes expression by steady-state CD8+ T cells correlated with effector and memory phenotype. Following allo-stimulation, the expression of both the T-box proteins Eomes and T-bet by proliferating cells increased significantly, where high expression of Eomes and T-bet correlated with higher incidence of allo-stimulated IFNγ+ TNFα+ CD8+ T cells. In patients with no subsequent rejection, Eomes but not T-bet expression by donor-stimulated CD8+ T cells, increased significantly after transplantation. This was characterized by increased Eomeshi T-bet-/lo and decreased Eomes-/lo T-bethi CD8+ T cell subsets, with no significant changes in the Eomeshi T-bethi CD8+ T cell subset. No upregulation of exhaustion markers programmed-death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated-antigen-4 (CTLA4) by donor-stimulated Eomes+ CD8+ T cells was observed. Before transplantation, in patients without rejection, there were higher incidences of Eomeshi T-bet-/lo , and lower incidences of Eomeshi T-bethi and Eomes-/lo T-bethi donor-stimulated CD8+ T cell subsets, compared to those with subsequent rejection. Overall, our findings indicate that high Eomes expression by allo-stimulated T-bet+ CD8+ T cells is associated with enhanced effector function, and that an elevated incidence of donor-stimulated CD8+ T cells co-expressing high levels of Eomes and T-bet before transplantation, may correlate with an increased incidence of acute cellular rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perez-Gutierrez
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D M Metes
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Lu
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Hariharan
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M B Ezzelarab
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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