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Kohler H. What Can We Learn from Research with Monoclonal Antibody 1F7? Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:350-354. [PMID: 36520586 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
1F7 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes an idiotypic determinant expressed on primate antibodies binding to HIV-1 and hepatitis C proteins. This monoclonal antibody was used as a tool to dissect the immune response in humans infected with HIV-1 and hepatitis B. Furthermore, 1F7 was also used to manipulate the immune response against HIV-1 in macaques. The generation of a monoclonal antibody describing a network suggests similar antibodies could be developed as tools to dissect entangled networks in autoimmune diseases and allergic reactions. This review discusses the body of work done with 1F7 in the light of contemporary immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Kohler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Bezstarosti S, Bakker KH, Kramer CSM, de Fijter JW, Reinders MEJ, Mulder A, Claas FHJ, Heidt S. A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Antibody-Verified Status of Eplets Listed in the HLA Epitope Registry. Front Immunol 2022; 12:800946. [PMID: 35154076 PMCID: PMC8831796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.800946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Matching strategies based on HLA eplets instead of HLA antigens in solid organ transplantation may not only increase the donor pool for highly sensitized patients, but also decrease the incidence of de novo donor-specific antibody formation. However, since not all eplets are equally capable of inducing an immune response, antibody verification is needed to confirm their ability to be bound by antibodies, such that only clinically relevant eplets are considered. The HLA Epitope Registry has documented all theoretically defined HLA eplets along with their antibody verification status and has been the foundation for many clinical studies investigating eplet mismatch in transplantation. The verification methods for eplets in the Registry range from polyclonal sera from multi- and uni-parous women to murine and human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and antibodies purified by adsorption and elution from sera of HLA immunized individuals. The classification of antibody verification based on different methods for validation is problematic, since not all approaches represent the same level of evidence. In this study, we introduce a classification system to evaluate the level of evidence for the antibody-verified status of all eplets in the HLA Epitope Registry. We demonstrate that for a considerable number of eplets, the antibody-verified status is solely based on polyclonal serum reactivity of multiparous women or on reactivity of murine mAbs. Furthermore, we noted that a substantial proportion of patient sera analyses and human mAb data presented in the HLA Epitope Registry Database has never been published in a peer-reviewed journal. Therefore, we tested several unpublished human HLA-specific mAbs by luminex single antigen beads assay to analyze their HLA reactivity for eplet antibody verification. Although the majority of analyzed mAbs indeed verified their assigned eplets, this was not the case for a number of eplets. This comprehensive overview of evidence for antibody verification of eplets in the HLA Epitope Registry is instrumental for future investigations towards eplet immunogenicity and clinical studies considering antibody-verified eplet mismatch in transplantation and warrants further standardization of antibody verification using high quality data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Bezstarosti
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Kim H Bakker
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia S M Kramer
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Johan W de Fijter
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marlies E J Reinders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arend Mulder
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frans H J Claas
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Eurotransplant Reference Laboratory, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Eurotransplant Reference Laboratory, Leiden, Netherlands
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Srdic-Rajic T, Kohler H, Jurisic V, Metlas R. Antibody Epitope Specificity for dsDNA Phosphate Backbone Is an Intrinsic Property of the Heavy Chain Variable Germline Gene Segment Used. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2378. [PMID: 30405605 PMCID: PMC6200867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of protein sequences by the informational spectrum method (ISM) enables characterization of their specificity according to encoded information represented with defined frequency (F). Our previous data showed that F(0.367) is characteristic for variable heavy chain (VH) domains (a combination of variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) gene segments) of the anti-phosphocholine (PC) T15 antibodies and mostly dependent on the CDR2 region, a site for PC phosphate group binding. Because the T15 dsDNA-reactive U4 mutant also encodes F(0.367), we hypothesized that the same frequency may also be characteristic for anti-DNA antibodies. Data obtained from an analysis of 60 spontaneously produced anti-DNA antibody VH domain sequences supported our hypothesis only for antibodies, which use V gene segment in germline configuration, such as S57(VH31), MRL-DNA22, and VH11, members of the VH1 (J558) and VH7 (S107) gene families. The important finding is that out of seven V gene segments used by spontaneous anti-DNA antibodies, F(0.367) is only expressed by the germline configuration of these three V gene segments. The data suggest that antibody specificity for the phosphate group moiety delineated as F(0.367) is the intrinsic property of the V germline gene segments used, whereas paratope/epitope interaction with antigens bearing this epitope, such as PC or dsDNA, requires corresponding antibody VH conformation that is susceptible to somatic mutation(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Srdic-Rajic
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Cancer Research Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Heinz Kohler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Vladimir Jurisic
- Faculties of Medicinal Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radmila Metlas
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Science, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Metlas R, Srdic-Rajic T, Kohler H. Cooperation of intrathymic T15 idiotype-bearing B and complementary T cells in ontogeny of natural Treg cells involved in establishment of T15 clonal dominance. Immunol Lett 2018; 200:52-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Saha C, Das M, Patil V, Stephen-Victor E, Sharma M, Wymann S, Jordi M, Vonarburg C, Kaveri SV, Bayry J. Monomeric Immunoglobulin A from Plasma Inhibits Human Th17 Responses In Vitro Independent of FcαRI and DC-SIGN. Front Immunol 2017; 8:275. [PMID: 28352269 PMCID: PMC5349300 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating immunoglobulins including immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM play a critical role in the immune homeostasis by modulating functions of immune cells. These functions are mediated in part by natural antibodies. However, despite being second most abundant antibody in the circulation, the immunoregulatory function of IgA is relatively unexplored. As Th17 cells are the key mediators of a variety of autoimmune, inflammatory, and allergic diseases, we investigated the ability of monomeric IgA (mIgA) isolated from pooled plasma of healthy donors to modulate human Th17 cells. We show that mIgA inhibits differentiation and amplification of human Th17 cells and the production of their effector cytokine IL-17A. mIgA also suppresses IFN-γ responses under these experimental conditions. Suppressive effect of mIgA on Th17 responses is associated with reciprocal expansion of FoxP3-positive regulatory T cells. The effect of mIgA on Th17 cells is dependent on F(ab′)2 fragments and independent of FcαRI (CD89) and DC-SIGN. Mechanistically, the modulatory effect of mIgA on Th17 cells implicates suppression of phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Furthermore, mIgA binds to CD4+ T cells and recognizes in a dose-dependent manner the receptors for cytokines (IL-6Rα and IL-1RI) that mediate Th17 responses. Our findings thus reveal novel anti-inflammatory functions of IgA and suggest potential therapeutic utility of mIgA in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases that implicate Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitrali Saha
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Paris , France
| | - Mrinmoy Das
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Stephen-Victor
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Meenu Sharma
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Paris , France
| | - Sandra Wymann
- Research Department, CSL Behring AG , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Monika Jordi
- Research Department, CSL Behring AG , Bern , Switzerland
| | | | - Srini V Kaveri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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