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Okuno M, Enokida M, Nagira K, Nagashima H. Intra-Articular Injection of Chitin Nanofiber Attenuates Osteoarthritis: An Experimental Study in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis. Yonago Acta Med 2024; 67:22-30. [PMID: 38371277 PMCID: PMC10867235 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chitin nanofibers (CNF) produced from crab shells as a medical material for the knee in an osteoarthritic rat model. Methods The effect of intra-articular CNF injection was evaluated histologically among three groups: saline, hyaluronic acid (HA), and CNF injection groups. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial, and meniscus scores were used for scoring. Results At 4 weeks, the CNF group had significantly lower scores than the saline group. The Synovial score was lower in HA and CNF groups at 4 weeks than in the saline group. At 4 weeks post-treatment, the thickening of the subchondral bone plate and angiogenesis were significantly reduced in the CNF treatment group compared to those in the saline treatment group (P = 0.02). Conclusion The anti-inflammatory effects of CNF on knee osteoarthritis were comparable to that of HA in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Okuno
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Makoto Enokida
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Keita Nagira
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideki Nagashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
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Johnson L, Aglas L, Punz B, Dang HH, Christ C, Pointner L, Wenger M, Hofstaetter N, Hofer S, Geppert M, Andosch A, Ferreira F, Horejs-Hoeck J, Duschl A, Himly M. Mechanistic insights into silica nanoparticle-allergen interactions on antigen presenting cell function in the context of allergic reactions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2262-2275. [PMID: 36630186 PMCID: PMC9893438 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05181h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nanomaterials into consumer products has substantially increased in recent years, raising concerns about their safety. The inherent physicochemical properties of nanoparticles allow them to cross epithelial barriers and gain access to immunocompetent cells. Nanoparticles in cosmetic products can potentially interact with environmental allergens, forming a protein corona, and together penetrate through damaged skin. Allergen-nanoparticle interactions may influence the immune response, eventually resulting in an adverse or beneficial outcome in terms of allergic reactivity. This study determines the impact of silica nanoparticle-allergen interactions on allergic sensitization by studying the major molecular mechanisms affecting allergic responses. The major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 was chosen as a model allergen and the birch pollen extract as a comparator. Key events in immunotoxicity including allergen uptake, processing, presentation, expression of costimulatory molecules and cytokine release were studied in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Using an in vivo sensitization model, murine Bet v 1-specific IgG and IgE levels were monitored. Upon the interaction of allergens with silica nanoparticles, we observed an enhanced uptake of the allergen by macropinocytosis, improved proteolytic processing, and presentation concomitant with a propensity to increase allergen-specific IgG2a and decrease IgE antibody levels. Together, these events suggest that upon nanoparticle interactions the immune response is biased towards a type 1 inflammatory profile, characterized by the upregulation of T helper 1 (Th1) cells. In conclusion, the interaction of the birch pollen allergen with silica nanoparticles will not worsen allergic sensitization, a state of type 2-inflammation, but rather seems to decrease it by skewing towards a Th1-dominated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litty Johnson
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Lorenz Aglas
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Benjamin Punz
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Hieu-Hoa Dang
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Constantin Christ
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Lisa Pointner
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Mario Wenger
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Norbert Hofstaetter
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Sabine Hofer
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Mark Geppert
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Ancuela Andosch
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Martin Himly
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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Boraschi D, Duschl A, Lynch I, Stoeger T. Editorial: Exploring impacts of combined exposures to particles and chemicals on immune reactions across living organisms. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1148374. [PMID: 36950145 PMCID: PMC10026952 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1148374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Boraschi
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Napoli, Italy
- China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (SIAT CNR SZN), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Diana Boraschi,
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Center (ACBN), Paris-Lodron Universitaet Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Helmholtz Center Munich, and Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) CPC-M, Munich, Germany
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4
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Exposure to nanoparticles and occupational allergy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 22:55-63. [DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hofer S, Hofstätter N, Punz B, Hasenkopf I, Johnson L, Himly M. Immunotoxicity of nanomaterials in health and disease: Current challenges and emerging approaches for identifying immune modifiers in susceptible populations. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1804. [PMID: 36416020 PMCID: PMC9787548 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanosafety assessment has experienced an intense era of research during the past decades driven by a vivid interest of regulators, industry, and society. Toxicological assays based on in vitro cellular models have undergone an evolution from experimentation using nanoparticulate systems on singular epithelial cell models to employing advanced complex models more realistically mimicking the respective body barriers for analyzing their capacity to alter the immune state of exposed individuals. During this phase, a number of lessons were learned. We have thus arrived at a state where the next chapters have to be opened, pursuing the following objectives: (1) to elucidate underlying mechanisms, (2) to address effects on vulnerable groups, (3) to test material mixtures, and (4) to use realistic doses on (5) sophisticated models. Moreover, data reproducibility has become a significant demand. In this context, we studied the emerging concept of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) from the perspective of immune activation and modulation resulting in pro-inflammatory versus tolerogenic responses. When considering the interaction of nanomaterials with biological systems, protein corona formation represents the relevant molecular initiating event (e.g., by potential alterations of nanomaterial-adsorbed proteins). Using this as an example, we illustrate how integrated experimental-computational workflows combining in vitro assays with in silico models aid in data enrichment and upon comprehensive ontology-annotated (meta)data upload to online repositories assure FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability). Such digital twinning may, in future, assist in early-stage decision-making during therapeutic development, and hence, promote safe-by-design innovation in nanomedicine. Moreover, it may, in combination with in silico-based exposure-relevant dose-finding, serve for risk monitoring in particularly loaded areas, for example, workplaces, taking into account pre-existing health conditions. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hofer
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Norbert Hofstätter
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Benjamin Punz
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Ingrid Hasenkopf
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Litty Johnson
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Martin Himly
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical BiologyParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
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Rafieerad A, Yan W, Alagarsamy KN, Srivastava A, Sareen N, Arora RC, Dhingra S. Fabrication of Smart Tantalum Carbide MXene Quantum Dots with Intrinsic Immunomodulatory Properties for Treatment of Allograft Vasculopathy. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2106786. [PMID: 35153642 PMCID: PMC8820728 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202106786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
MXene nanomaterials have sparked significant interest among interdisciplinary researchers to tackle today's medical challenges. In particular, colloidal MXene quantum dots (MQDs) offer the high specific surface area and compositional flexibility of MXene while providing improvements to aqueous stability and material-cell interactions. The current study for the first time reports the development and application of immunoengineered tantalum-carbide (Ta4C3T x ) MQDs for in vivo treatment of transplant vasculopathy. This report comes at a critical juncture in the field as poor long-term safety of other MXene compositions challenge the eventual clinical translatability of these materials. Using rational design and synthesis strategies, the Ta4C3T x MQDs leverage the intrinsic anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties of tantalum to provide a novel nanoplatform for biomedical engineering. In particular, these MQDs are synthesized with high efficiency and purity using a facile hydrofluoric acid-free protocol and are enriched with different bioactive functional groups and stable surface TaO2 and Ta2O5. Furthermore, MQDs are spontaneously uptaken into antigen-presenting endothelial cells and alter surface receptor expression to reduce their activation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes. Finally, when applied in vivo, Ta4C3T x MQDs ameliorate the cellular and structural changes of early allograft vasculopathy. These findings highlight the robust potential of tailored Ta4C3T x MQDs for future applications in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Rafieerad
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
| | - Weiang Yan
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery Department of Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
| | - Keshav Narayan Alagarsamy
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
| | - Abhay Srivastava
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
| | - Niketa Sareen
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
| | - Rakesh C Arora
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery Department of Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Regenerative Medicine Program Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0W2 Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Albrechtsen St. Boniface Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R2H 2A6 Canada
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Feray A, Guillet E, Szely N, Hullo M, Legrand FX, Brun E, Rabilloud T, Pallardy M, Biola-Vidamment A. Synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles promote human dendritic cell maturation and CD4 + T-lymphocyte activation. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:105-116. [PMID: 34633463 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) sense and engulf nanomaterials potentially leading to an adverse immune response. Indeed, as described for combustion-derived particles, nanomaterials could be sensed as danger signals, enabling DCs to undergo a maturation process, migrate to regional lymph nodes and activate naive T-lymphocytes. Synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles (SAS-NPs) are widely used as food additives, cosmetics, and construction materials. This work aimed to evaluate in vitro the effects of manufactured SAS-NPs, produced by thermal or wet routes, on human DCs functions and T-cell activation. Human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) were exposed for 16 hours to three endotoxin-free test materials: fumed silica NPs from Sigma-Aldrich (#S5505) or the JRC Nanomaterial Repository (NM-202) and colloidal Ludox®TMA NPs. Cell viability, phenotypical changes, cytokines production, internalization, and allogeneic CD4+ T-cells proliferation were evaluated. Our results showed that all SAS-NPs significantly upregulated the surface expression of CD86 and CD83 activation markers. Secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (CXCL-8 and CXCL-12) were significantly enhanced in a dose-dependent manner in the moDCs culture supernatants by all SAS-NPs tested. In an allogeneic co-culture, fumed silica-activated moDCs significantly increased T-lymphocyte proliferation at all T-cell:DC ratios compared to unloaded moDCs. Moreover, analysis of co-culture supernatants regarding the production of T-cell-derived cytokines showed a significant increase of IL-9 and IL-17A and F, as well as an upregulation of IL-5, consistent with the pro-inflammatory phenotype of treated-moDCs. Taken together, these results suggest that SAS-NPs could induce functional moDCs maturation and play a role in the immunization process against environmental antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Feray
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Eléonore Guillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Natacha Szely
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marie Hullo
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - François-Xavier Legrand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Emilie Brun
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- UMR CNRS 5249, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, CEA-Grenoble, 17 avenue des Martyrs, 38 054 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Armelle Biola-Vidamment
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Ehsan M, Hu RS, Liang QL, Hou JL, Song X, Yan R, Zhu XQ, Li X. Advances in the Development of Anti- Haemonchus contortus Vaccines: Challenges, Opportunities, and Perspectives. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030555. [PMID: 32971770 PMCID: PMC7565421 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) is a resident of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide that imposes significant production losses, economic losses, and animal health issues in the small ruminant industry, particularly sheep and goats. Considerable efforts have been made to understand how immunity is elicited against H. contortus infection. Various potential vaccine antigens have been tested by different methods and strategies applied in animal models, and significant progress has been made in the development of vaccines against H. contortus. This review highlighted and shared the knowledge about the current understanding of host immune responses to H. contortus and ongoing challenges in the development of a protective, effective, and long-lasting vaccine against H. contortus infection. We have also pinpointed some achievements and failures in the development and testing of vaccines, which will establish a road map for future research directions to explore new effective vaccine candidates for controlling and preventing H. contortus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ehsan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.E.); (R.-S.H.); (Q.-L.L.); (J.-L.H.)
| | - Rui-Si Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.E.); (R.-S.H.); (Q.-L.L.); (J.-L.H.)
| | - Qin-Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.E.); (R.-S.H.); (Q.-L.L.); (J.-L.H.)
| | - Jun-Ling Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.E.); (R.-S.H.); (Q.-L.L.); (J.-L.H.)
| | - Xiaokai Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.S.); (R.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.S.); (R.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.E.); (R.-S.H.); (Q.-L.L.); (J.-L.H.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-354-628-8993
| | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.S.); (R.Y.); (X.L.)
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Lu YJ, Wang YH, Sahu RS, Chen JP, Dash BS, Chung PJ, Yang HW, Chuang EY, Hwang TL. Mechanism of Nanoformulated Graphene Oxide-Mediated Human Neutrophil Activation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40141-40152. [PMID: 32845120 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of graphene oxide (GO)-based biomaterials is important for logical biomedical applications. Previous studies have revealed biointeractions between GO and immune effector cells, but the effects on neutrophils, crucial cells in the immune system, have not been thoroughly discussed. In this study, GO nanoformulations were synthesized with different functional groups, including GO, GO-carboxylated (GO-COOH), and PEGylated GO (GO-PEG), with different surface features, which were elucidated using imaging methods and surface-sensitive quantitative spectroscopic techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The GO-based nanoformulations elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in human neutrophils. Nanoformulated GO stimulates NET development via the formation of ROS. An endocytosis study revealed that nanoformulated GO facilitated internalization by neutrophils via macropinocytosis and actin-dependent phagocytosis. Importantly, calcium mobilization and phosphorylation proteins such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38) and AKT were involved in the activation of neutrophils. These findings offer the first verification that nanoformulated GO exhibits direct effects on human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Rama Shanker Sahu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Banendu Sunder Dash
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Chung
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Yang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, International Ph.D. Program of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming-Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
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Annona muricata L.-Derived Polysaccharides as a Potential Adjuvant to a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine in a Thymoma-Bearing Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061602. [PMID: 32486094 PMCID: PMC7352220 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are powerful antigen-presenting cells that are often used to evaluate adjuvants, particularly for adjuvant selection for various vaccines. Here, polysaccharides (named ALP) isolated from leaves of Annona muricata L., which are used in traditional medicine such as for bacterial infections and inflammatory diseases, were evaluated as an adjuvant candidate that can induce anti-tumor activity. We first confirmed the phenotypic (surface molecules, cytokines, antigen uptake, and antigen-presenting ability) and functional alterations (T cell proliferation/activation) of DCs in vitro. We also confirmed the adjuvant effect by evaluating anti-tumor activity and immunity using an ALP-treated DC-immunized mouse model. ALP functionally induced DC maturation by up-regulating the secretion of Th1-polarizing pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of surface molecules, and antigen-presenting ability. ALP triggered DC maturation, which is dependent on the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. ALP-activated DCs showed an ample capacity to differentiate naive T cells to Th1 and activated CD8+ T cells effectively. The systemic administration of DCs that pulse ALP and ovalbumin peptides strongly increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity (by 9.5% compared to that in the control vaccine groups), the generation of CD107a-producing multifunctional T cells, and Th1-mediated humoral immunity, and caused a significant reduction (increased protection by 29% over that in control vaccine groups) in tumor growth. ALP, which triggers the Th1 and CTL response, provides a basis for a new adjuvant for various vaccines.
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Aziz M, Garduno R, Mirani ZA, Baqai R, Sheikh AS, Nazir H, Raza Y, Ayaz M, Kazmi SU. Determination of antimicrobial effect of protamine by transmission electron microscopy and SDS PAGE on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from diabetic foot infection. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 22:827-832. [PMID: 32373306 PMCID: PMC7196347 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.32414.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Diabetic foot infection is one of the major complications of diabetes leading to lower limb amputations. Isolation and identification of bacteria causing diabetic foot infection, determination of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial potential of protamine by electron microscopy and SDS-PAGE analysis, arethe aims of this study. Materials and Methods: 285 pus samples from diabetic foot infection patients were collected from different hospitals of Karachi and Capital Health Hospital, Halifax, Canada. Clinical history of each patient was recorded. Bacterial isolates were cultured on appropriate media; identification was done by morphology, cultural and biochemical tests. Effect of protamine against multi drug resistant strains of Pseudomona aeruginosa was checked by minimum inhibitory concentration in 96 well micro-titer plates. The isolates were grown in bactericidal concentration of protamine on plates to isolate mutants. Effect of protamine on protein expression was checked by SDS- PAGE and ultra-structural morphological changes by transmission electron microscopy. Results: Results indicated prevalence of foot infection as 92% in diabetic patients. Major bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 65 (23%), P. aeruginosa 80 (28.1%), Klebsiella spp. 37 (13%), Proteus mirabilis 79 (27.7%), and Escherichia coli 24 (12%). These isolates were highly resistant to different antibiotics. MIC value of protamine was 500 µg/ml against P. aeruginosa. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that protamine can suppress expression of various virulence proteins and electron micrographs indicated condensation of cytoplasm and accumulation of protamine in cytoplasm without damaging the cell membrane. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were the major isolates expressing multi-drug resistance and protamine sulfate represented good antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashar Aziz
- Department of Pathobiology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.,Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafael Garduno
- Department of Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - Rakhshanda Baqai
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Departmet of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Sattar Sheikh
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Yasir Raza
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Ayaz
- Department of Pathobiology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahana Urooj Kazmi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Departmet of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, Karachi, Pakistan
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Himly M, Geppert M, Hofer S, Hofstätter N, Horejs-Höck J, Duschl A. When Would Immunologists Consider a Nanomaterial to be Safe? Recommendations for Planning Studies on Nanosafety. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907483. [PMID: 32239645 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is professional in recognizing and responding to non-self, including nanomaterials. Immune responses by professional and nonprofessional immune cells are thus nearly inevitable upon exposure of cells and organisms to such materials. The state of research into taking the immune system into account in nanosafety studies is reviewed and three aspects in which further improvements are desirable are identified: 1) Due to technical limitations, more stringent testing for endotoxin contamination should be made. 2) Since under overdose conditions immunity shows unphysiological responses, all doses used should be justified by being equivalent to tissue-delivered doses. 3) When markers of acute inflammation or cell stress are observed, functional assays are necessary to distinguish between homeostatic fluctuation and genuine defensive or tolerogenic responses. Since immune activation can also indicate that the immune system considers a stimulus to be harmless and induces tolerance, activation markers by themselves do not necessarily imply a danger to the body. Guidelines such as these are necessary to approach the point where specific nanomaterials are classified as safe based on reliable testing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Himly
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Mark Geppert
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Sabine Hofer
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Norbert Hofstätter
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Höck
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department for Biosciences & Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
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Bělinová T, Machová I, Beke D, Fučíková A, Gali A, Humlová Z, Valenta J, Hubálek Kalbáčová M. Immunomodulatory Potential of Differently-Terminated Ultra-Small Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E573. [PMID: 32235697 PMCID: PMC7153366 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-small nanoparticles with sizes comparable to those of pores in the cellular membrane possess significant potential for application in the field of biomedicine. Silicon carbide ultra-small nanoparticles with varying surface termination were tested for the biological system represented by different human cells (using a human osteoblastic cell line as the reference system and a monocyte/macrophage cell line as immune cells). The three tested nanoparticle surface terminations resulted in the observation of different effects on cell metabolic activity. These effects were mostly noticeable in cases of monocytic cells, where each type of particle caused a completely different response ('as-prepared' particles, i.e., were highly cytotoxic, -OH terminated particles slightly increased the metabolic activity, while -NH2 terminated particles caused an almost doubled metabolic activity) after 24 h of incubation. Subsequently, the release of cytokines from such treated monocytes and their differentiation into activated cells was determined. The results revealed the potential modulation of immune cell behavior following stimulation with particular ultra-small nanoparticles, thus opening up new fields for novel silicon carbide nanoparticle biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Bělinová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Machová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - David Beke
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Fučíková
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zuzana Humlová
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Valenta
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hubálek Kalbáčová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
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Anfray C, Mainini F, Andón FT. Nanoparticles for immunotherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-102828-5.00011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Stutzer C, Richards SA, Ferreira M, Baron S, Maritz-Olivier C. Metazoan Parasite Vaccines: Present Status and Future Prospects. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:67. [PMID: 29594064 PMCID: PMC5859119 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic parasites and pathogens continue to cause some of the most detrimental and difficult to treat diseases (or disease states) in both humans and animals, while also continuously expanding into non-endemic countries. Combined with the ever growing number of reports on drug-resistance and the lack of effective treatment programs for many metazoan diseases, the impact that these organisms will have on quality of life remain a global challenge. Vaccination as an effective prophylactic treatment has been demonstrated for well over 200 years for bacterial and viral diseases. From the earliest variolation procedures to the cutting edge technologies employed today, many protective preparations have been successfully developed for use in both medical and veterinary applications. In spite of the successes of these applications in the discovery of subunit vaccines against prokaryotic pathogens, not many targets have been successfully developed into vaccines directed against metazoan parasites. With the current increase in -omics technologies and metadata for eukaryotic parasites, target discovery for vaccine development can be expedited. However, a good understanding of the host/vector/pathogen interface is needed to understand the underlying biological, biochemical and immunological components that will confer a protective response in the host animal. Therefore, systems biology is rapidly coming of age in the pursuit of effective parasite vaccines. Despite the difficulties, a number of approaches have been developed and applied to parasitic helminths and arthropods. This review will focus on key aspects of vaccine development that require attention in the battle against these metazoan parasites, as well as successes in the field of vaccine development for helminthiases and ectoparasites. Lastly, we propose future direction of applying successes in pursuit of next generation vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stutzer
- Tick Vaccine Group, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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