1
|
Li Q, Jia C, Pan W, Liu H, Tang C, Weber D, Chen K, Long H, Byrne-Steele ML, Han J, He N, Xiao R, Zhao M, Che N, Guo Q, Gui G, Li S, Si H, Guo S, Liu H, Wang G, Zhu G, Yang B, Wang Y, Ding Y, Yang X, Akihiko Y, Lu L, Chang C, Chan V, Lau CS, Qi H, Liu W, Li S, Wu H, Lu Q. Multi-omics study reveals different pathogenesis of the generation of skin lesions in SLE and IDLE patients. J Autoimmun 2024; 146:103203. [PMID: 38643729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a heterogeneous, antibody-mediated autoimmune disease. Isolate discoid LE (IDLE) and systematic LE (SLE) are traditionally regarded as the two ends of the spectrum, ranging from skin-limited damage to life-threatening multi-organ involvement. Both belong to LE, but IDLE and SLE differ in appearance of skin lesions, autoantibody panels, pathological changes, treatments, and immunopathogenesis. Is discoid lupus truly a form of LE or is it a completely separate entity? This question has not been fully elucidated. We compared the clinical data of IDLE and SLE from our center, applied multi-omics technology, such as immune repertoire sequencing, high-resolution HLA alleles sequencing and multi-spectrum pathological system to explore cellular and molecular phenotypes in skin and peripheral blood from LE patients. Based on the data from 136 LE patients from 8 hospitals in China, we observed higher damage scores and fewer LE specific autoantibodies in IDLE than SLE patients, more uCDR3 sharing between PBMCs and skin lesion from SLE than IDLE patients, elevated diversity of V-J recombination in IDLE skin lesion and SLE PBMCs, increased SHM frequency and class switch ratio in IDLE skin lesion, decreased SHM frequency but increased class switch ratio in SLE PBMCs, HLA-DRB1*03:01:01:01, HLA-B*58:01:01:01, HLA-C*03:02:02:01, and HLA-DQB1*02:01:01:01 positively associated with SLE patients, and expanded Tfh-like cells with ectopic germinal center structures in IDLE skin lesions. These findings suggest a significant difference in the immunopathogenesis of skin lesions between SLE and IDLE patients. SLE is a B cell-predominate systemic immune disorder, while IDLE appears limited to the skin. Our findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of IDLE and other types of LE, which may direct more accurate diagnosis and novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chen Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- Nanjing ARP Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; iRepertoire Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hunan University of Technology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Congli Tang
- Nanjing ARP Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Kaili Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hai Long
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | | | - Jian Han
- iRepertoire Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Nongyue He
- Nanjing ARP Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Che
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Guangji Gui
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Henan Si
- Department of Dermatology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Shuping Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Guannan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Hainan Provincial Hospital of Skin Disease, Haikou, Hainan, 570100, China
| | - Xianxu Yang
- Hainan Provincial Hospital of Skin Disease, Haikou, Hainan, 570100, China
| | - Yoshimura Akihiko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanoomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Memorial Healthcare System, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA
| | - Vera Chan
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chak-Sing Lau
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan University of Technology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van den Broek T, Oleinika K, Rahmayanti S, Castrillon C, van der Poel CE, Carroll MC. Invasion of spontaneous germinal centers by naive B cells is rapid and persistent. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadi8150. [PMID: 38517953 PMCID: PMC11152582 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adi8150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
In autoreactive germinal centers (GC) initiated by a single rogue B cell clone, wild-type B cells expand and give rise to clones that target other autoantigens, known as epitope spreading. The chronic, progressive nature of epitope spreading calls for early interventions to limit autoimmune pathologies, but the kinetics and molecular requirements for wild-type B cell invasion and participation in GC remain largely unknown. With parabiosis and adoptive transfer approaches in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus, we demonstrate that wild-type B cells join existing GCs rapidly, clonally expand, persist, and contribute to autoantibody production and diversification. The invasion of autoreactive GCs by wild-type B cells required TLR7, B cell receptor specificity, antigen presentation, and type I interferon signaling. The adoptive transfer model provides a tool for identifying early events in the breaking of B cell tolerance in autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theo van den Broek
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kristine Oleinika
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Siti Rahmayanti
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlos Castrillon
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cees E van der Poel
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McCaw TR, Lofftus SY, Crompton JG. Clonal redemption of B cells in cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277597. [PMID: 37965337 PMCID: PMC10640973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Potentially self-reactive B cells constitute a large portion of the peripheral B cell repertoire in both mice and humans. Maintenance of autoreactive B cell populations could conceivably be detrimental to the host but their conservation throughout evolution suggests performance of a critical and beneficial immune function. We discuss herein how the process of clonal redemption may provide insight to preservation of an autoreactive B cell pool in the context of infection and autoimmunity. Clonal redemption refers to additional recombination or hypermutation events decreasing affinity for self-antigen, while increasing affinity for foreign antigens. We then review findings in murine models and human patients to consider whether clonal redemption may be able to provide tumor antigen-specific B cells and how this may or may not predispose patients to autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph G. Crompton
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Z, Peng Q, Liu W, Demongeot J, Wei D. Antibody Dynamics Simulation-A Mathematical Exploration of Clonal Deletion and Somatic Hypermutation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2048. [PMID: 37509687 PMCID: PMC10377040 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have employed mathematical modeling techniques to construct a comprehensive framework for elucidating the intricate response mechanisms of the immune system, facilitating a deeper understanding of B-cell clonal deletion and somatic hypermutation. Our improved model introduces innovative mechanisms that shed light on positive and negative selection processes during T-cell and B-cell development. Notably, clonal deletion is attributed to the attenuated immune stimulation exerted by self-antigens with high binding affinities, rendering them less effective in eliciting subsequent B-cell maturation and differentiation. Secondly, our refined model places particular emphasis on the crucial role played by somatic hypermutation in modulating the immune system's functionality. Through extensive investigation, we have determined that somatic hypermutation not only expedites the production of highly specific antibodies pivotal in combating microbial infections but also serves as a regulatory mechanism to dampen autoimmunity and enhance self-tolerance within the organism. Lastly, our model advances the understanding of the implications of antibody in vivo evolution in the overall process of organismal aging. With the progression of time, the age-associated amplification of autoimmune activity becomes apparent. While somatic hypermutation effectively delays this process, mitigating the levels of autoimmune response, it falls short of reversing this trajectory entirely. In conclusion, our advanced mathematical model offers a comprehensive and scholarly approach to comprehend the intricacies of the immune system. By encompassing novel mechanisms for selection, emphasizing the functional role of somatic hypermutation, and illuminating the consequences of in vivo antibody evolution, our model expands the current understanding of immune responses and their implications in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobin Xu
- Department of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Qingzhi Peng
- Department of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Jacques Demongeot
- Laboratory AGEIS EA 7407, Team Tools for e-Gnosis Medical, Faculty of Medicine, University Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Dongqing Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
van den Broek T, Oleinika K, Rahmayanti S, Castrillon C, van der Poel C, Carroll M. Invasion of spontaneous germinal centers by naive B cells is rapid and persistent. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542805. [PMID: 37398148 PMCID: PMC10312503 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In autoreactive germinal centers (GC) initiated by a single rogue B cell clone, wild-type B cells expand and give rise to clones that target other autoantigens, known as epitope spreading. The chronic, progressive nature of epitope spreading calls for early interventions, but the kinetics and molecular requirements for wild-type B cell invasion and participation in GC remain largely unknown. With parabiosis and adoptive transfer approaches in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus, we demonstrate that wild-type B cells join existing GCs rapidly, clonally expand, persist, and contribute to autoantibody production and diversification. The invasion of autoreactive GCs required TLR7, B cell receptor specificity, antigen presentation, and type I interferon signaling. The adoptive transfer model provides a novel tool for identifying early events in the breaking of B cell tolerance in autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. van den Broek
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| | - K. Oleinika
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| | - S. Rahmayanti
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| | - C. Castrillon
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| | - C.E. van der Poel
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| | - M.C. Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tomalla V, Schmeisser MJ, Weinmann-Menke J. Mouse models, antibodies, and neuroimaging: Current knowledge and future perspectives in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1078607. [PMID: 36970286 PMCID: PMC10031066 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1078607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As a chronic autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can also affect the central and the peripheral nervous system causing symptoms which are summed up as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). These symptoms are heterogenous including cognitive impairment, seizures, and fatigue, leading to morbidity or even mortality. At present, little is known about the pathophysiological processes involved in NPSLE. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of NPSLE gained from the investigation of animal models, autoantibodies, and neuroimaging techniques. The antibodies investigated the most are anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies (Anti-rib P) and anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor 2 antibodies (Anti-NR2), which represent a subpopulation of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. Experimental data demonstrates that Anti-rib P and Anti-NR2 cause different neurological pathologies when applied intravenously (i.v.), intrathecally or intracerebrally in mice. Moreover, the investigation of lupus-prone mice, such as the MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr strain (MRL/lpr) and the New Zealand black/New Zealand white mice (NZB × NZW F1) showed that circulating systemic antibodies cause different neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to intrathecally produced antibodies. Furthermore, neuroimaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) are commonly used tools to investigate structural and functional abnormalities in NPSLE patients. Current research suggests that the pathogenesis of NPSLE is heterogenous, complex and not yet fully understood. However, it demonstrates that further investigation is needed to develop individual therapy in NPSLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Tomalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael J. Schmeisser
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Julia Weinmann-Menke,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu M, Pan W, Jia C, He Z, Zhao M, Tang C, Chang C, Li S, Wu H, Lu Q. Systemic lupus erythematosus patients contain B cell receptor repertoires sensitive to immunosuppressive drugs. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:669-680. [PMID: 35092307 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- Nanjing ARP Biotechnology Co., Ltd Nanjing China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Chen Jia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Zhenghao He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Congli Tang
- Nanjing ARP Biotechnology Co., Ltd Nanjing China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Christopher Chang Division of Rheumatology Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of California at Davis School of Medicine Davis California USA
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- Institute of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reed JH. Transforming mutations in the development of pathogenic B cell clones and autoantibodies. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:101-115. [PMID: 35001403 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by serum autoantibodies, some of which are pathogenic, causing severe manifestations and organ injury. However, autoantibodies of the same antigenic reactivity are also present in the serum of asymptomatic people years before they develop any clinical signs of autoimmunity. Autoantibodies can arise during multiple stages of B cell development, and various genetic and environmental factors drive their production. However, what drives the development of pathogenic autoantibodies is poorly understood. Advances in single-cell technology have enabled the deep analysis of rare B cell clones producing pathogenic autoantibodies responsible for vasculitis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome complicated by mixed cryoglobulinaemia. These findings demonstrated a cascade of genetic events involving stereotypic immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination and transforming somatic mutations in lymphoma genes and V(D)J regions that disrupted antibody quality control mechanisms and decreased autoantibody solubility. Most studies consider V(D)J mutations that enhance autoantibody affinity to drive pathology; however, V(D)J mutations that increase autoantibody propensity to form insoluble complexes could be a major contributor to autoantibody pathogenicity. Defining the molecular characteristics of pathogenic autoantibodies and failed tolerance checkpoints driving their formation will improve prognostication, enabling early treatment to prevent escalating organ damage and B cell malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne H Reed
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
King JJ, Borzooee F, Im J, Asgharpour M, Ghorbani A, Diamond CP, Fifield H, Berghuis L, Larijani M. Structure-Based Design of First-Generation Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting the Catalytic Pockets of AID, APOBEC3A, and APOBEC3B. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1390-1407. [PMID: 34423273 PMCID: PMC8369683 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Activation-induced
cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates antibody
diversification by mutating immunoglobulin loci in B lymphocytes.
AID and related APOBEC3 (A3) enzymes also induce genome-wide mutations
and lesions implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The
most prevalent mutation signatures across diverse tumor genomes are
attributable to the mistargeted mutagenic activities of AID/A3s. Thus,
inhibiting AID/A3s has been suggested to be of therapeutic benefit.
We previously used a computational-biochemical approach to gain insight
into the structure of AID’s catalytic pocket, which resulted
in the discovery of a novel type of regulatory catalytic pocket closure
that regulates AID/A3s that we termed the “Schrodinger’s
CATalytic pocket”. Our findings were subsequently confirmed
by direct structural studies. Here, we describe our search for small
molecules that target the catalytic pocket of AID. We identified small
molecules that inhibit purified AID, AID in cell extracts, and endogenous
AID of lymphoma cells. Analogue expansion yielded derivatives with
improved potencies. These were found to also inhibit A3A and A3B,
the two most tumorigenic siblings of AID. Two compounds exhibit low
micromolar IC50 inhibition of AID and A3A, exhibiting the
strongest potency for A3A. Docking suggests key interactions between
their warheads and residues lining the catalytic pockets of AID, A3A,
and A3B and between the tails and DNA-interacting residues on the
surface proximal to the catalytic pocket opening. Accordingly, mutants
of these residues decreased inhibition potency. The chemistry and
abundance of key stabilizing interactions between the small molecules
and residues within and immediately outside the catalytic pockets
are promising for therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Faezeh Borzooee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Junbum Im
- Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada.,BC Cancer Research/Terry Fox Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Mahdi Asgharpour
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Atefeh Ghorbani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Cody P Diamond
- Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Heather Fifield
- Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Lesley Berghuis
- Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| | - Mani Larijani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Program in immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3 V6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zarfeshani A, Carroll KR, Volpe BT, Diamond B. Cognitive Impairment in SLE: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:25. [PMID: 33782842 PMCID: PMC11207197 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from cognitive dysfunction (CD) which severely impacts their quality of life. However, CD remains underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Here, we discuss current findings in patients and in animal models. Strong evidence suggests that CD pathogenesis involves known mechanisms of tissue injury in SLE. These mechanisms recruit brain resident cells, in particular microglia, into the pathological process. While systemic immune activation is critical to central nervous system injury, the current focus of therapy is the microglial cell and not the systemic immune perturbation. Further studies are critical to examine additional potential therapeutic targets and more specific treatments based on the cause and progress of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Zarfeshani
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Carroll
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Bruce T Volpe
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Betty Diamond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stratigopoulou M, van Dam TP, Guikema JEJ. Base Excision Repair in the Immune System: Small DNA Lesions With Big Consequences. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1084. [PMID: 32547565 PMCID: PMC7272602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the genome is under constant threat of environmental and endogenous agents that cause DNA damage. Endogenous damage is particularly pervasive, occurring at an estimated rate of 10,000–30,000 per cell/per day, and mostly involves chemical DNA base lesions caused by oxidation, depurination, alkylation, and deamination. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is primary responsible for removing and repairing these small base lesions that would otherwise lead to mutations or DNA breaks during replication. Next to preventing DNA mutations and damage, the BER pathway is also involved in mutagenic processes in B cells during immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM), which are instigated by uracil (U) lesions derived from activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) activity. BER is required for the processing of AID-induced lesions into DNA double strand breaks (DSB) that are required for CSR, and is of pivotal importance for determining the mutagenic outcome of uracil lesions during SHM. Although uracils are generally efficiently repaired by error-free BER, this process is surprisingly error-prone at the Ig loci in proliferating B cells. Breakdown of this high-fidelity process outside of the Ig loci has been linked to mutations observed in B-cell tumors and DNA breaks and chromosomal translocations in activated B cells. Next to its role in preventing cancer, BER has also been implicated in immune tolerance. Several defects in BER components have been associated with autoimmune diseases, and animal models have shown that BER defects can cause autoimmunity in a B-cell intrinsic and extrinsic fashion. In this review we discuss the contribution of BER to genomic integrity in the context of immune receptor diversification, cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stratigopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tijmen P van Dam
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schwartz N, Stock AD, Putterman C. Neuropsychiatric lupus: new mechanistic insights and future treatment directions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 15:137-152. [PMID: 30659245 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-018-0156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently show symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement, termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). The CNS manifestations of SLE are diverse and have a broad spectrum of severity and prognostic implications. Patients with NPSLE typically present with nonspecific symptoms, such as headache and cognitive impairment, but might also experience devastating features, such as memory loss, seizures and stroke. Some features of NPSLE, in particular those related to coagulopathy, have been characterized and an evidence-based treatment algorithm is available. The cognitive and affective manifestations of NPSLE, however, remain poorly understood. Various immune effectors have been evaluated as contributors to its pathogenesis, including brain-reactive autoantibodies, cytokines and cell-mediated inflammation. Additional brain-intrinsic elements (such as resident microglia, the blood-brain barrier and other neurovascular interfaces) are important facilitators of NPSLE. As yet, however, no unifying model has been found to underlie the pathogenesis of NPSLE, suggesting that this disease has multiple contributors and perhaps several distinct aetiologies. This heterogeneity presents a challenge for clinicians who have traditionally relied on empirical judgement in choosing treatment modalities for patients with NPSLE. Improved understanding of this manifestation of SLE might yield further options for managing this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noa Schwartz
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ariel D Stock
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Meester I, Rivera-Silva GF, González-Salazar F. Immune System Sex Differences May Bridge the Gap Between Sex and Gender in Fibromyalgia. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1414. [PMID: 32009888 PMCID: PMC6978848 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by chronic widespread pain, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and cognitive alterations. A limited efficacy of targeted treatment and a high FMS prevalence (2–5% of the adult population) sums up to high morbidity. Although, altered nociception has been explained with the central sensitization hypothesis, which may occur after neuropathy, its molecular mechanism is not understood. The marked female predominance among FMS patients is often attributed to a psychosocial predisposition of the female gender, but here we will focus on sex differences in neurobiological processes, specifically those of the immune system, as various immunological biomarkers are altered in FMS. The activation of innate immune sensors is compatible with a neuropathy or virus-induced autoimmune diseases. Considering sex differences in the immune system and the clustering of FMS with autoimmune diseases, we hypothesize that the female predominance in FMS is due to a neuropathy-induced autoimmune pathophysiology. We invite the scientific community to verify the autoimmune hypothesis for FMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Meester
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Sciences Department, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Francisco Rivera-Silva
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Sciences Department, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
| | - Francisco González-Salazar
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Sciences Department, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico.,Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Northeast Center of Research, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang X, Xia Y. Anti-double Stranded DNA Antibodies: Origin, Pathogenicity, and Targeted Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1667. [PMID: 31379858 PMCID: PMC6650533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by high-titer serological autoantibodies, including antibodies that bind to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The origin, specificity, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies have been studied from a wider perspective. These autoantibodies have been suggested to contribute to multiple end-organ injuries, especially to lupus nephritis, in patients with SLE. Moreover, serum levels of anti-DNA antibodies fluctuate with disease activity in patients with SLE. By directly binding to self-antigens or indirectly forming immune complexes, anti-dsDNA antibodies can accumulate in the glomerular and tubular basement membrane. These autoantibodies can also trigger the complement cascade, penetrate into living cells, modulate gene expression, and even induce profibrotic phenotypes of renal cells. In addition, the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 is reduced by anti-DNA antibodies simultaneously with upregulation of profibrotic genes. Anti-dsDNA antibodies may even participate in the pathogenesis of SLE by catalyzing hydrolysis of certain DNA molecules or peptides in cells. Recently, anti-dsDNA antibodies have been explored in greater depth as a therapeutic target in the management of SLE. A substantial amount of data indicates that blockade of pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies can prevent or even reverse organ damage in murine models of SLE. This review focuses on the recent research advances regarding the origin, specificity, classification, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies and highlights the emerging therapies associated with them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Myles A, Sanz I, Cancro MP. T-bet + B cells: A common denominator in protective and autoreactive antibody responses? Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 57:40-45. [PMID: 30784957 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T-bet+ B cells have emerged as a key component of the humoral immune response in both infections and autoimmune disorders, with many of their phenotypic and functional attributes conserved between mice and humans. They are protective (infections) and pathogenic (autoimmunity), although the associated commonalities and differences remain unclear. Heterogeneity within this pool, in terms of origin, fate and function may underlie these divergent roles. Their significance is context-dependent- they may constitute a persistent effector memory cell pool, or products of recent primary responses. In both cases however, T-bet+ cells likely represent antigen-experienced progenitors of antibody-secreting cells with multipotent properties. Given their key contributions to both immunity and disease, T-bet+ B cells are an attractive target for vaccination and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Myles
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ignacio Sanz
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael P Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hao F, Tian M, Feng Y, Quan C, Chen Y, Chen S, Wei M. Abrogation of Lupus Nephritis in Somatic Hypermutation-Deficient MRL/lpr Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3905-3912. [PMID: 29728506 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease posing threats to multiple organs in the human body. As a typical manifestation of SLE, lupus nephritis is characterized by a series of pathological changes in glomerulus as well as accumulation of pathogenic autoreactive IgG with complement in the kidney that dramatically disrupts renal functions. Activation-induced deaminase (AID), which governs both somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class-switch recombination (CSR), has been shown to be essential for the regulation of SLE. However, the relative contributions of SHM and CSR to SLE pathology have not been determined. Based on the available AIDG23S mice, we successfully established an AIDG23S MRL/lpr mouse model, in which SHM is specifically abolished, although CSR is largely unaffected. We found that the abrogation of SHM effectively alleviated SLE-associated histopathological alterations, such as expansion of the mesangial matrix and thickening of the basement membrane of Bowman's capsule as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells. Compared with SLE mice, AIDG23S MRL/lpr mice exhibited decreased proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, indicating that the loss of SHM contributed to the recovery of renal functions. As a consequence, the life span of those SHM-deficient MRL/lpr mice was extended. Together, we provide direct evidence pinpointing a vital role of SHM in the control of SLE development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Quan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China;
| |
Collapse
|