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Bézie S, Sérazin C, Autrusseau E, Vimond N, Giral M, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Renal graft function in transplanted patients correlates with CD45RC T cell phenotypic signature. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300032. [PMID: 38512889 PMCID: PMC10956768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that could predict the evolution of the graft in transplanted patients and that could allow to adapt the care of the patients would be an invaluable tool. Additionally, certain biomarkers can be target of treatments and help to stratify patients. Potential effective biomarkers have been identified but still need to be confirmed. CD45RC, one of the splicing variants of the CD45 molecule, a tyrosine phosphatase that is critical in negatively or positively regulating the TCR and the BCR signaling, is one marker already described. The frequency of CD8+ T cells expressing high levels of CD45RC before transplantation is increased in patients with an increased risk of acute rejection. However, single biomarkers have limited predictive reliability and the correlation of the expression levels of CD45RC with other cell markers was not reported. In this study, we performed a fluorescent-based high dimensional immunophenotyping of T cells on a cohort of 69 kidney transplant patients either with stable graft function or having experienced acute transplant rejection during the first year after transplantation or at the time of rejection. We identified combinations of markers and cell subsets associated with activation/inflammation or Tregs/tolerance (HLA-DR, PD-1, IFNγ, CD28) as significant biomarkers associated to transplant outcome, and showed the importance of cell segregation based on the CD45RC marker to identify the signature of a stable graft function. Our study highlights potential reliable biomarkers in transplantation to predict and/or monitor easily graft-directed immune responses and adapt immunosuppression treatments to mitigate adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Department of Nephrology, CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
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2
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Li J, Gong Y, Wang Y, Huang H, Du H, Cheng L, Ma C, Cai Y, Han H, Tao J, Li G, Cheng P. Classification of regulatory T cells and their role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:94-106. [PMID: 38000204 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is closely related to the final infarct size in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, reducing MIRI can effectively improve the prognosis of AMI patients. At the same time, the healing process after AMI is closely related to the local inflammatory microenvironment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) can regulate various physiological and pathological immune inflammatory responses and play an important role in regulating the immune inflammatory response after AMI. However, different subtypes of Tregs have different effects on MIRI, and the same subtype of Tregs may also have different effects at different stages of MIRI. This article systematically reviews the classification and function of Tregs, as well as the role of various subtypes of Tregs in MIRI. A comprehensive understanding of the role of each subtype of Tregs can help design effective methods to control immune reactions, reduce MIRI, and provide new potential therapeutic options for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang 641100, China
| | - Yajun Gong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yiren Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Huihui Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Huan Du
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lianying Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Department of Mathematics, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongxiang Cai
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Hukui Han
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jianhong Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Panke Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China.
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3
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Jiang H, Fan W. Research progress on CD8+ T cell immune regulation in allogenic transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101945. [PMID: 37871888 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
With advances in tissue typing, organ preservation techniques, and clinical surgery, organ transplantation has gained popularity as a treatment option for various end-stage diseases. Allogeneic transplantation has been widely adopted and extensively researched in clinical practice. Despite significant breakthroughs and progress in immunosuppression, this procedure is still associated with several adverse reactions and complications. Therefore, there is a continuing need to explore new immunological approaches to provide fresh insights and guidance for clinical transplantation. CD8+ T cells, traditionally known for their cytotoxic function and their ability to recognize transplanted organs as "non-self" entities, display cytotoxicity. However, recent studies have unveiled that CD8+ T cells have various subtypes and functions that extend beyond conventional cytotoxicity. These CD8+ T cell subtypes include Effector CD8+ T cells, Memory CD8+ T cells, and CD8Treg cells. This review examines the immune regulatory mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in allogeneic transplantation and discusses the potential applications of CD8+ T cells in treating tumors in transplant recipients who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. These findings offer theoretical guidance for reducing post-transplant rejection reactions and improving adverse prognoses, offering new hope for improved clinical survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Jiang
- Institute of Urology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wenmei Fan
- Institute of Urology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
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4
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Short S, Lewik G, Issa F. An Immune Atlas of T Cells in Transplant Rejection: Pathways and Therapeutic Opportunities. Transplantation 2023; 107:2341-2352. [PMID: 37026708 PMCID: PMC10593150 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-term outcomes in allotransplantation are excellent due to technical and pharmacological advances; however, improvement in long-term outcomes has been limited. Recurrent episodes of acute cellular rejection, a primarily T cell-mediated response to transplanted tissue, have been implicated in the development of chronic allograft dysfunction and loss. Although it is well established that acute cellular rejection is primarily a CD4 + and CD8 + T cell mediated response, significant heterogeneity exists within these cell compartments. During immune responses, naïve CD4 + T cells are activated and subsequently differentiate into specific T helper subsets under the influence of the local cytokine milieu. These subsets have distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics, with reported differences in their contribution to rejection responses specifically. Of particular relevance are the regulatory subsets and their potential to promote tolerance of allografts. Unraveling the specific contributions of these cell subsets in the context of transplantation is complex, but may reveal new avenues of therapeutic intervention for the prevention of rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Short
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Guido Lewik
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Fadi Issa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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5
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Wang W, Li Y, Lin K, Wang X, Tu Y, Zhuo Z. Progress in building clinically relevant patient-derived tumor xenograft models for cancer research. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:381-398. [PMID: 37679891 PMCID: PMC10614132 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models, a method involving the surgical extraction of tumor tissues from cancer patients and subsequent transplantation into immunodeficient mice, have emerged as a pivotal approach in translational research, particularly in advancing precision medicine. As the first stage of PDX development, the patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models implant tumor tissue in mice in the corresponding anatomical locations of the patient. The PDOX models have several advantages, including high fidelity to the original tumor, heightened drug sensitivity, and an elevated rate of successful transplantation. However, the PDOX models present significant challenges, requiring advanced surgical techniques and resource-intensive imaging technologies, which limit its application. And then, the humanized mouse models, as well as the zebrafish models, were developed. Humanized mouse models contain a human immune environment resembling the tumor and immune system interplay. The humanized mouse models are a hot topic in PDX model research. Regarding zebrafish patient-derived tumor xenografts (zPDX) and patient-derived organoids (PDO) as promising models for studying cancer and drug discovery, zPDX models are used to transplant tumors into zebrafish as novel personalized medical animal models with the advantage of reducing patient waiting time. PDO models provide a cost-effective approach for drug testing that replicates the in vivo environment and preserves important tumor-related information for patients. The present review highlights the functional characteristics of each new phase of PDX and provides insights into the challenges and prospective developments in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Wang
- Department of Clinical MedicineShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yongshu Li
- College of Life SciencesHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology InnovationNational Institute of MetrologyShenzhenChina
| | - Kaida Lin
- Department of Clinical MedicineShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Department of PharmacyShenzhen Longhua District Central HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Research Center, Huizhou Central People's HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityHuizhou CityChina
| | - Zhenjian Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenChina
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenChina
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6
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Chuprin J, Buettner H, Seedhom MO, Greiner DL, Keck JG, Ishikawa F, Shultz LD, Brehm MA. Humanized mouse models for immuno-oncology research. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:192-206. [PMID: 36635480 PMCID: PMC10593256 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment paradigm for many malignancies and is transforming the drug development landscape. Although immunotherapeutic agents have demonstrated clinical efficacy, they are associated with variable clinical responses, and substantial gaps remain in our understanding of their mechanisms of action and specific biomarkers of response. Currently, the number of preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate interactions between the human immune system and tumours and enable evaluation of human-specific immunotherapies in vivo is limited. Humanized mice, a term that refers to immunodeficient mice co-engrafted with human tumours and immune components, provide several advantages for immuno-oncology research. In this Review, we discuss the benefits and challenges of the currently available humanized mice, including specific interactions between engrafted human tumours and immune components, the development and survival of human innate immune populations in these mice, and approaches to study mice engrafted with matched patient tumours and immune cells. We highlight the latest advances in the generation of humanized mouse models, with the aim of providing a guide for their application to immuno-oncology studies with potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Chuprin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Buettner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mina O Seedhom
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dale L Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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7
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Cao L, Ma X, Zhang J, Yang M, He Z, Yang C, Li S, Rong P, Wang W. CD27-Expressing Xenoantigen-Expanded Human Regulatory T Cells Are Efficient in Suppressing Xenogeneic Immune Response. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897221149444. [PMID: 36644879 PMCID: PMC9846302 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221149444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, xenotransplantation often leads to T-cell-mediated graft rejection. Immunosuppressive agents including polyclonal regulatory T cells (poly-Tregs) promote global immunosuppression, resulting in serious infections and malignancies in patients. Xenoantigen-expanded Tregs (xeno-Tregs) have become a promising immune therapy strategy to protect xenografts with fewer side effects. In this study, we aimed to identify an efficient and stable subset of xeno-Tregs. We enriched CD27+ xeno-Tregs using cell sorting and evaluated their suppressive functions and stability in vitro via mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), real-time polymerase chain reaction, inflammatory induction assay, and Western blotting. A STAT5 inhibitor was used to investigate the relationship between the function and stability of CD27+ xeno-Tregs and the JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathway. A humanized xenotransplanted mouse model was used to evaluate the function of CD27+ xeno-Tregs in vivo. Our results show that CD27+ xeno-Tregs express higher levels of Foxp3, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4), and Helios and lower levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) than their CD27- counterparts. In addition, CD27+ xeno-Tregs showed enhanced suppressive function in xeno-MLR at ratios of 1:4 and 1:16 of Tregs:responder cells. Under inflammatory conditions, a lower percentage of CD27+ xeno-Tregs secretes IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). CD27+ xeno-Tregs demonstrated an upregulated JAK3-STAT5 pathway compared with that of CD27- xeno-Tregs and showed decreased Foxp3, Helios, and CTLA4 expression after addition of STAT5 inhibitor. Mice that received porcine skin grafts showed a normal tissue phenotype and less leukocyte infiltration after reconstitution with CD27+ xeno-Tregs. Taken together, these data indicate that CD27+ xeno-Tregs may suppress immune responses in a xenoantigen-specific manner, which might be related to the activation of the JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Yang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhu He
- Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cejun Yang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sang Li
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Wei Wang, The Institute for Cell
Transplantation and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South
University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
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8
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Ménoret S, Tesson L, Remy S, Gourain V, Sérazin C, Usal C, Guiffes A, Chenouard V, Ouisse LH, Gantier M, Heslan JM, Fourgeux C, Poschmann J, Guillonneau C, Anegon I. CD4 + and CD8 + regulatory T cell characterization in the rat using a unique transgenic Foxp3-EGFP model. BMC Biol 2023; 21:8. [PMID: 36635667 PMCID: PMC9837914 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Treg) in diverse species include CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In all species, CD8+ Treg have been only partially characterized and there is no rat model in which CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Treg are genetically tagged. RESULTS We generated a Foxp3-EGFP rat transgenic line in which FOXP3 gene was expressed and controlled EGFP. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were the only cells that expressed EGFP, in similar proportion as observed with anti-FOXP3 antibodies and co-labeled in the same cells. CD4+EGFP+ Treg were 5-10 times more frequent than CD8+EGFP+ Treg. The suppressive activity of CD4+ and CD8+ Treg was largely confined to EGFP+ cells. RNAseq analyses showed similarities but also differences among CD4+ and CD8+ EGFP+ cells and provided the first description of the natural FOXP3+CD8+ Treg transcriptome. In vitro culture of CD4+ and CD8+ EGFP- cells with TGFbeta and IL-2 generated induced EGFP+ Treg. CD4+ and CD8+ EGFP+ Treg were expanded upon in vivo administration of a low dose of IL-2. CONCLUSIONS This new and unique rat line constitutes a useful model to identify and isolate viable CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Treg. Additionally, it allows to identify molecules expressed in CD8+ Treg that may allow to better define their phenotype and function not only in rats but also in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Ménoret
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016 CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France ,grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Victor Gourain
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016 CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Usal
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Aude Guiffes
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Vanessa Chenouard
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Laure-Hélène Ouisse
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Malika Gantier
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Cynthia Fourgeux
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
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9
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Regulatory T Cells: Liquid and Living Precision Medicine for the Future of VCA. Transplantation 2023; 107:86-97. [PMID: 36210500 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transplant rejection remains a challenge especially in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). To blunt the alloreactive immune response' stable levels of maintenance immunosupression are required. However' the need for lifelong immunosuppression poses the risk of severe side effects, such as increased risk of infection, metabolic complications, and malignancies. To balance therapeutic efficacy and medication side effects, immunotolerance promoting immune cells (especially regulatory T cells [Treg]) have become of great scientific interest. This approach leverages immune system mechanisms that usually ensure immunotolerance toward self-antigens and prevent autoimmunopathies. Treg can be bioengineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor or a T-cell receptor. Such bioengineered Treg can target specific antigens and thereby reduce unwanted off-target effects. Treg have demonstrated beneficial clinical effects in solid organ transplantation and promising in vivo data in VCAs. In this review, we summarize the functional, phenotypic, and immunometabolic characteristics of Treg and outline recent advancements and current developments regarding Treg in the field of VCA and solid organ transplantation.
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10
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Generation of CD34 +CD43 + Hematopoietic Progenitors to Induce Thymocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244046. [PMID: 36552810 PMCID: PMC9777438 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy using primary T cells has revolutionized medical care in some pathologies in recent years, but limitations associated to challenging cell genome edition, insufficient cell number production, the use of only autologous cells, and the lack of product standardization have limited its clinical use. The alternative use of T cells generated in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offers great advantages by providing a self-renewing source of T cells that can be readily genetically modified and facilitate the use of standardized universal off-the-shelf allogeneic cell products and rapid clinical access. However, despite their potential, a better understanding of the feasibility and functionality of T cells differentiated from hPSCs is necessary before moving into clinical settings. In this study, we generated human-induced pluripotent stem cells from T cells (T-iPSCs), allowing for the preservation of already recombined TCR, with the same properties as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Based on these cells, we differentiated, with high efficiency, hematopoietic progenitor stem cells (HPSCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into any cell blood type, in addition to DN3a thymic progenitors from several T-iPSC lines. In order to better comprehend the differentiation, we analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the different cell types and demonstrated that HPSCs differentiated from hiPSCs had very similar profiles to cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Furthermore, differentiated T-cell progenitors had a similar profile to thymocytes at the DN3a stage of thymic lymphopoiesis. Therefore, utilizing this approach, we were able to regenerate precursors of therapeutic human T cells in order to potentially treat a wide range of diseases.
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11
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Park HE, Oh H, Baek JH. Interleukin-34-regulated T-cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1078350. [PMID: 36530919 PMCID: PMC9747768 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1078350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a multifaceted etiology, which primarily affects and results in the deterioration of the synovium of patients. While the exact etiology of RA is still largely unknown, there is growing interest in the cytokine interleukin-34 (IL-34) as a driver or modulator of RA pathogenesis on the grounds that IL-34 is drastically increased in the serum and synovium of RA patients. Several studies have so far revealed the relationship between IL-34 levels and RA disease progression. Nevertheless, the significance and role of IL-34 in RA have remained ambiguous, as illustrated by two most recent studies, which reported contrasting effects of genetic IL-34 deletion in RA. Of note, IL-34 is a macrophage growth factor and is increasingly perceived as a master regulator of T-cell responses in RA via macrophage-dependent as well as T cell-intrinsic mechanisms. In this regard, several studies have demonstrated that IL-34 potentiates helper T-cell (Th) responses in RA, whereas studies also suggested that IL-34 alleviates synovial inflammation, potentially by inducing regulatory T-cells (Treg). Herein, we provide an overview of the current understanding of IL-34 involvement in RA and outline IL-34-mediated mechanisms in regulating T-cell responses in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jea-Hyun Baek
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, South Korea
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Teramatsu K, Oono T, Oyama K, Fujimori N, Murakami M, Yasumori S, Ohno A, Matsumoto K, Takeno A, Nakata K, Nakamura M, Ogawa Y. Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells as a prognostic indicator of pancreatic cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1134. [PMCID: PMC9636831 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The distribution of tissue infiltrating lymphocytes has been shown to affect the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer in some previous studies. However, the role of peripheral lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer remains debated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the peripheral subtypes of T lymphocytes, and establish their association with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Methods
Blood and tissue samples were collected from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (n = 54), resectable pancreatic cancer (n = 12), and benign pancreatic cysts (n = 52) between April 2019 and January 2022 and analyzed.
Results
Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer had a larger proportion of both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting cells than those with benign pancreatic cysts. In addition, the proportion of peripheral CD4+ T cells positively correlated with the survival of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, and the proportion of peripheral CD8+CD122+ T cells was associated with early mortality (< 90 days). After chemotherapy, CD8+CD122+ T cells decreased in patients who had a partial response or stable disease. Moreover, by analyzing resected specimens, we first proved that the existence of CD8+CD122+ T cells in a tumor microenvironment (TME) depends on their proportion in peripheral blood.
Conclusion
Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells can be a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Benallegue N, Nicol B, Lasselin J, Bézie S, Flippe L, Regue H, Vimond N, Remy S, Garcia A, Le Frère F, Anegon I, Laplaud D, Guillonneau C. Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 + Regulatory T Cells. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 9:9/6/e200016. [PMID: 36266052 PMCID: PMC9621606 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. Studies of immune dysfunction in MS have mostly focused on CD4+ Tregs, but the role of CD8+ Tregs remains largely unexplored. We previously evidenced the suppressive properties of rat and human CD8+CD45RClow/neg Tregs from healthy individuals, expressing Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and acting through interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and interleukin-34 (IL-34). secretions to regulate immune responses and control diseases such as transplant rejection. To better understand CD8+CD45RClow/neg Tregs contribution to MS pathology, we further investigated their phenotype, function, and transcriptome in patients with MS. METHODS We enrolled adults with relapsing-remitting MS and age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers (HVs). CD8+ T cells were segregated based on low or lack of expression of CD45RC. First, the frequency in CSF and blood, phenotype, transcriptome, and function of CD8+CD45RClow and neg were investigated according to exacerbation status and secondarily, according to clinical severity based on the MS severity score (MSSS) in patients with nonexacerbating MS. We then induced active MOG35-55 EAE in C57Bl/6 mice and performed adoptive transfer of fresh and expanded CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs to assess their ability to mitigate neuroinflammation in vivo. RESULTS Thirty-one untreated patients with relapsing-remitting MS were compared with 40 age-matched and sex-matched HVs. We demonstrated no difference of CSF CD8+CD45RClow and CD8+CD45RCneg proportions, but blood CD8+CD45RClow frequency was lower in patients with MS exacerbation when compared with that in HVs. CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs but not CD8+CD45RClow showed higher suppressive capacities in vitro in MS patients with exacerbation than in patients without acute inflammatory attack. In vitro functional assays showed a compromised suppression capacity of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs in patients with nonexacerbating severe MS, defined by the MSSS. We then characterized murine CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs and demonstrated the potential of CD45RCneg cells to migrate to the CNS and mitigate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in vivo. DISCUSSION Altogether, these results suggest a defect in the number and function of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs during MS relapse and an association of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs dysfunction with MS severity. Thus, CD8+CD45RClow/neg T cells might bring new insights into the pathophysiology and new therapeutic approaches of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Benallegue
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Bryan Nicol
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Juliette Lasselin
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Severine Bézie
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Lea Flippe
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Hadrien Regue
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Nadege Vimond
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Severine Remy
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Le Frère
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - David Laplaud
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France.
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Wagner LE, Melnyk O, Duffett BE, Linnemann AK. Mouse models and human islet transplantation sites for intravital imaging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:992540. [PMID: 36277698 PMCID: PMC9579277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.992540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human islet transplantations into rodent models are an essential tool to aid in the development and testing of islet and cellular-based therapies for diabetes prevention and treatment. Through the ability to evaluate human islets in an in vivo setting, these studies allow for experimental approaches to answer questions surrounding normal and disease pathophysiology that cannot be answered using other in vitro and in vivo techniques alone. Intravital microscopy enables imaging of tissues in living organisms with dynamic temporal resolution and can be employed to measure biological processes in transplanted human islets revealing how experimental variables can influence engraftment, and transplant survival and function. A key consideration in experimental design for transplant imaging is the surgical placement site, which is guided by the presence of vasculature to aid in functional engraftment of the islets and promote their survival. Here, we review transplantation sites and mouse models used to study beta cell biology in vivo using intravital microscopy and we highlight fundamental observations made possible using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E. Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Olha Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Bryce E. Duffett
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amelia K. Linnemann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Abstract
Inflammation is a biological process that dynamically alters the surrounding microenvironment, including participating immune cells. As a well-protected organ surrounded by specialized barriers and with immune privilege properties, the central nervous system (CNS) tightly regulates immune responses. Yet in neuroinflammatory conditions, pathogenic immunity can disrupt CNS structure and function. T cells in particular play a key role in promoting and restricting neuroinflammatory responses, while the inflamed CNS microenvironment can influence and reshape T cell function and identity. Still, the contraction of aberrant T cell responses within the CNS is not well understood. Using autoimmunity as a model, here we address the contribution of CD4 T helper (Th) cell subsets in promoting neuropathology and disease. To address the mechanisms antagonizing neuroinflammation, we focus on the control of the immune response by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and describe the counteracting processes that preserve their identity under inflammatory challenges. Finally, given the influence of the local microenvironment on immune regulation, we address how CNS-intrinsic signals reshape T cell function to mitigate abnormal immune T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Benallegue
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Hania Kebir
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jorge I. Alvarez
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Freuchet A, Salama A, Bézie S, Tesson L, Rémy S, Humeau R, Règue H, Sérazin C, Flippe L, Peterson P, Vimond N, Usal C, Ménoret S, Heslan JM, Duteille F, Blanchard F, Giral M, Colonna M, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. IL-34 deficiency impairs FOXP3 + Treg function in a model of autoimmune colitis and decreases immune tolerance homeostasis. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e988. [PMID: 36030499 PMCID: PMC9420423 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune homeostasis requires fully functional Tregs with a stable phenotype to control autoimmunity. Although IL‐34 is a cytokine first described as mainly involved in monocyte cell survival and differentiation, we recently described its expression by CD8+ Tregs in a rat model of transplantation tolerance and by activated FOXP3+ CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs in human healthy individuals. However, its role in autoimmunity and potential in human diseases remains to be determined. Methods We generated Il34−/− rats and using both Il34−/− rats and mice, we investigated their phenotype under inflammatory conditions. Using Il34−/− rats, we further analyzed the impact of the absence of expression of IL‐34 for CD4+ Tregs suppressive function. We investigated the potential of IL‐34 in human disease to prevent xenogeneic GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune humanized immunodeficient NSG mice. Finally, taking advantage of a biocollection, we investigated the correlation between presence of IL‐34 in the serum and kidney transplant rejection. Results Here we report that the absence of expression of IL‐34 in Il34−/− rats and mice leads to an unstable immune phenotype, with production of multiple auto‐antibodies, exacerbated under inflammatory conditions with increased susceptibility to DSS‐ and TNBS‐colitis in Il34−/− animals. Moreover, we revealed the striking inability of Il34−/− CD4+ Tregs to protect Il2rg−/− rats from a wasting disease induced by transfer of pathogenic cells, in contrast to Il34+/+ CD4+ Tregs. We also showed that IL‐34 treatment delayed EAE in mice as well as GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune humanized immunodeficient NSG mice. Finally, we show that presence of IL‐34 in the serum is associated with a longer rejection‐free period in kidney transplanted patients. Conclusion Altogether, our data emphasize on the crucial necessity of IL‐34 for immune homeostasis and for CD4+ Tregs suppressive function. Our data also shows the therapeutic potential of IL‐34 in human transplantation and auto‐immunity. Highlights Absence of expression of IL‐34 in Il34−/− rats and mice leads to an unstable immune phenotype, with a production of multiple auto‐antibodies and exacerbated immune pathology under inflammatory conditions. Il34−/− CD4+ Tregs are unable to protect Il2rg−/− rats from colitis induced by transfer of pathogenic cells. IL‐34 treatment delayed EAE in mice, as well as acute GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune‐humanized immunodeficient NSG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Rémy
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Romain Humeau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Hadrien Règue
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Claire Usal
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France.,CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Franck Duteille
- Chirurgie Plastique Reconstructrice et Esthétique, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Blanchard
- INSERM UMR1238, Bone Sarcoma and remodeling of calcified tissues, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
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17
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Gille I, Claas FHJ, Haasnoot GW, Heemskerk MHM, Heidt S. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Regulatory T-Cells in Solid Organ Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874157. [PMID: 35720402 PMCID: PMC9204347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid organ transplantation is the treatment of choice for various end-stage diseases, but requires the continuous need for immunosuppression to prevent allograft rejection. This comes with serious side effects including increased infection rates and development of malignancies. Thus, there is a clinical need to promote transplantation tolerance to prevent organ rejection with minimal or no immunosuppressive treatment. Polyclonal regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are a potential tool to induce transplantation tolerance, but lack specificity and therefore require administration of high doses. Redirecting Tregs towards mismatched donor HLA molecules by modifying these cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) would render Tregs far more effective at preventing allograft rejection. Several studies on HLA-A2 specific CAR Tregs have demonstrated that these cells are highly antigen-specific and show a superior homing capacity to HLA-A2+ allografts compared to polyclonal Tregs. HLA-A2 CAR Tregs have been shown to prolong survival of HLA-A2+ allografts in several pre-clinical humanized mouse models. Although promising, concerns about safety and stability need to be addressed. In this review the current research, obstacles of CAR Treg therapy, and its potential future in solid organ transplantation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Gille
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frans H J Claas
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Eurotransplant Reference Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Geert W Haasnoot
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Eurotransplant Reference Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Eurotransplant Reference Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Mi J, Ye Q, Min Y. Advances in Nanotechnology Development to Overcome Current Roadblocks in CAR-T Therapy for Solid Tumors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849759. [PMID: 35401561 PMCID: PMC8983935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy for the treatment of hematologic tumors has achieved remarkable success, with five CAR-T therapies approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. However, the efficacy of CAR-T therapy against solid tumors is not satisfactory. There are three existing hurdles in CAR-T cells for solid tumors. First, the lack of a universal CAR to recognize antigens at the site of solid tumors and the compact tumor structure make it difficult for CAR-T cells to locate in solid tumors. Second, soluble inhibitors and suppressive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment can inhibit or even inactivate T cells. Third, low survival and proliferation rates of CAR-T cells in vivo significantly influence the therapeutic effect. As an emerging method, nanotechnology has a great potential to enhance cell proliferation, activate T cells, and restarting the immune response. In this review, we discuss how nanotechnology can modify CAR-T cells through variable methods to improve the therapeutic effect of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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19
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Wang W, Hong T, Wang X, Wang R, Du Y, Gao Q, Yang S, Zhang X. Newly Found Peacekeeper: Potential of CD8+ Tregs for Graft-Versus-Host Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:764786. [PMID: 34899714 PMCID: PMC8652293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.764786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the most effective and potentially curative treatment for a variety of hematologic malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major obstacle that limits wide application of allo-HSCT, despite the development of prophylactic strategies. Owing to experimental and clinical advances in the field, GVHD is characterized by disruption of the balance between effector and regulatory immune cells, resulting in higher inflammatory cytokine levels. A reduction in regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been associated with limiting recalibration of inflammatory overaction and maintaining immune tolerance. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that immunoregulation may be useful for preventing GVHD. As opposed to CD4+ Tregs, the CD8+ Tregs population, which constitutes an important proportion of all Tregs, efficiently attenuates GVHD while sparing graft-versus-leukemic (GVL) effects. CD8+ Tregs may provide another form of cellular therapy for preventing GVHD and preserving GVL effects, and understanding the underlying mechanisms that different from those of CD4+ Tregs is significant. In this review, we summarize preclinical experiments that have demonstrated the role of CD8+ Tregs during GVHD and attempted to obtain optimized CD8+ Tregs. Notably, although optimized CD8+ Tregs have obvious advantages, more exploration is needed to determine how to apply them in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxuan Du
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiangguo Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells mediate the tolerogenic effect of CD8 +regulatory T cells in a rat tolerant liver transplantation model. Transpl Immunol 2021; 70:101508. [PMID: 34843936 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tolerance is more easily induced in liver transplant models than in other organs; CD8+CD45RClowregulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to induce tolerance in heart allografts. Whether CD8+CD45RClowTregs could induce tolerance in a liver transplant model and how dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the CD8+CD45RClowTregs effect remains to be investigated. METHODS A rat liver transplantation model was established and used to test tolerance and acute rejection compared to control groups. Liver function and histopathological changes of allograft were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. The distribution and proportion of CD8+CD45RClowTregs and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the allografts and spleen were determined using flow cytometry. Cytokine secretion levels were determined using ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The rat liver transplantation model was well established, with a success rate of 93.3% (28/30). The mean survival time of the tolerant and acute-rejection rats were 156 and 14 days, respectively. The proportions of CD8+CD45RClowTegs were higher in the allografts of tolerant rats than in those of acute-rejection rats (33.1 ± 4.3 and 12.4 ± 4.6, respectively; P = 0.04). Significant accumulation of pDCs was observed in tolerant liver graft rats compared to that in acute-rejection rats (1.46 ± 0.23 and 0.80 ± 0.20, respectively; P = 0.02). Importantly, CD8+CD45RClowTregs were positively associated with the frequency of pDCs (P = 0.001, r2 = 0.775). The protein and mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in the allograft group were increased, possibly being responsible for tolerance induction. CONCLUSION CD8+CD45RClowT cells interact with pDCs through the induction of IL-10 and TGF-β expression and are responsible for inducing immune tolerance in rat liver transplantation.
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21
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Otsuka R, Wada H, Seino KI. IL-34, the rationale of its expression in physiological and pathological condition. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101517. [PMID: 34774392 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-34 is a cytokine that shares one of its receptors with CSF-1. It has long been thought that CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) receives signals only from CSF-1, but the identification of IL-34 reversed this stereotype. Regardless of low structural homology, IL-34 and CSF-1 emanate similar downstream signaling through binding to CSF-1R and provoke similar but different physiological events afterward. In addition to CSF-1R, protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-ζ and Syndecan-1 were also identified as IL-34 receptors and shown to be at play. Although IL-34 expression is limited to particular tissues in physiological conditions, previous studies have revealed that it is upregulated in several diseases. In cancer, IL-34 is produced by several types of tumor cells and contributes to therapy resistance and disease progression. A recent study has demonstrated that tumor cell-derived IL-34 abrogates immunotherapy efficacy through myeloid cell remodeling. On the other hand, IL-34 expression is downregulated in some brain and dermal disorders. Despite accumulating insights, our understanding of IL-34 may not be even close to its nature. This review aims to comprehensively describe the physiological and pathological roles of IL-34 based on its similarity and differences to CSF-1 and discuss the rationale for its disease-dependent expression pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Otsuka
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Haruka Wada
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Seino
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan.
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22
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Pinheiro-Rosa N, Torres L, Oliveira MDA, Andrade-Oliveira MF, Guimarães MADF, Coelho MM, Alves JDL, Maioli TU, Faria AMC. Oral tolerance as antigen-specific immunotherapy. IMMUNOTHERAPY ADVANCES 2021; 1:ltab017. [PMID: 35919733 PMCID: PMC9327124 DOI: 10.1093/immadv/ltab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Oral tolerance is a physiological phenomenon described more than a century ago as a suppressive immune response to antigens that gain access to the body by the oral route. It is a robust and long-lasting event with local and systemic effects in which the generation of mucosally induced regulatory T cells (iTreg) plays an essential role. The idea of using oral tolerance to inhibit autoimmune and allergic diseases by oral administration of target antigens was an important development that was successfully tested in 1980s. Since then, several studies have shown that feeding specific antigens can be used to prevent and control chronic inflammatory diseases in both animal models and clinically. Therefore, oral tolerance can be classified as an antigen-specific form of oral immunotherapy (OIT). In the light of novel findings on mechanisms, sites of induction and factors affecting oral tolerance, this review will focus on specific characteristics of oral tolerance induction and how they impact in its therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Pinheiro-Rosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lícia Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Almeida Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos Felipe Andrade-Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro Andrade de Freitas Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Monique Macedo Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Lima Alves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana M Caetano Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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23
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Transient antibody targeting of CD45RC inhibits the development of graft-versus-host disease. Blood Adv 2021; 4:2501-2515. [PMID: 32511714 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a widely spread treatment of many hematological diseases, but its most important side effect is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Despite the development of new therapies, acute GVHD (aGVHD) occurs in 30% to 50% of allogeneic BMT and is characterized by the generation of effector T (Teff) cells with production of inflammatory cytokines. We previously demonstrated that a short anti-CD45RC monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment in a heart allograft rat model transiently decreased CD45RChigh Teff cells and increased regulatory T cell (Treg) number and function allowing long-term donor-specific tolerance. Here, we demonstrated in rat and mouse allogeneic GVHD, as well as in xenogeneic GVHD mediated by human T cells in NSG mice, that both ex vivo depletion of CD45RChigh T cells and in vivo treatment with short-course anti-CD45RC mAbs inhibited aGVHD. In the rat model, we demonstrated that long surviving animals treated with anti-CD45RC mAbs were fully engrafted with donor cells and developed a donor-specific tolerance. Finally, we validated the rejection of a human tumor in NSG mice infused with human cells and treated with anti-CD45RC mAbs. The anti-human CD45RC mAbs showed a favorable safety profile because it did not abolish human memory antiviral immune responses, nor trigger cytokine release in in vitro assays. Altogether, our results show the potential of a prophylactic treatment with anti-human CD45RC mAbs in combination with rapamycin as a new therapy to treat aGVHD without abolishing the antitumor effect.
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24
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Vimond N, Lasselin J, Anegon I, Guillonneau C, Bézie S. Genetic engineering of human and mouse CD4 + and CD8 + Tregs using lentiviral vectors encoding chimeric antigen receptors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 20:69-85. [PMID: 33376756 PMCID: PMC7749301 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has seen a significant increase of cell therapy protocols using effector T cells (Teffs) in particular, but also, more recently, non-engineered and expanded polyclonal regulatory T cells (Tregs) to control pathological immune responses such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, or transplantation rejection. However, limitations, such as stability, migration, and specificity of the cell products, have been seen. Thus, genetic engineering of these cell subsets is expected to provide the next generation of T cell therapy products. Lentiviral vectors are commonly used to modify Teffs; however, Tregs are more sensitive to mechanical stress and require specific culture conditions. Also, there is a lack of reproducible and efficient protocols to expand and genetically modify Tregs without affecting their growth and function. Due to smaller number of cells and poorer viability upon culture in vitro, mouse Tregs are more difficult to transduce and amplify in vitro than human Tregs. Here we propose a step-by-step protocol to produce both human and mouse genetically modified CD8+ and CD4+ Tregs in sufficient amounts to assess their therapeutic efficacy in humanized immunocompromised mouse models and murine models of disease and to establish pre-clinical proofs of concept. We report, for the first time, an efficient and reproducible method to isolate Tregs from human blood or mouse spleen, transduce with a lentiviral vector, and culture, in parallel, CD8+ and CD4+ Tregs while preserving their function. Beyond chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-Treg cell therapy, this protocol will promote the development of potential new engineered T cell therapies to treat autoimmune diseases and transplantation rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Vimond
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Juliette Lasselin
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
- Corresponding author: Carole Guillonneau, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France.
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
- Corresponding author: Séverine Bézie, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France.
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25
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Amini L, Greig J, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Volk HD, Bézie S, Reinke P, Guillonneau C, Wagner DL, Anegon I. Super-Treg: Toward a New Era of Adoptive Treg Therapy Enabled by Genetic Modifications. Front Immunol 2021; 11:611638. [PMID: 33717052 PMCID: PMC7945682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.611638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory Tcells (Treg) are essential components of peripheral immune homeostasis. Adoptive Treg cell therapy has shown efficacy in a variety of immune-mediated diseases in preclinical studies and is now moving from phase I/IIa to larger phase II studies aiming to demonstrate efficacy. However, hurdles such as in vivo stability and efficacy remain to be addressed. Nevertheless, preclinical models have shown that Treg function and specificity can be increased by pharmacological substances or gene modifications, and even that conventional T cells can be converted to Treg potentially providing new sources of Treg and facilitating Treg cell therapy. The exponential growth in genetic engineering techniques and their application to T cells coupled to a large body of knowledge on Treg open numerous opportunities to generate Treg with "superpowers". This review summarizes the genetic engineering techniques available and their applications for the next-generation of Super-Treg with increased function, stability, redirected specificity and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Amini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jenny Greig
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Séverine Bézie
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Petra Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Dimitrios L. Wagner
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
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26
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Fortunato M, Morali K, Passeri L, Gregori S. Regulatory Cell Therapy in Organ Transplantation: Achievements and Open Questions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641596. [PMID: 33708227 PMCID: PMC7940680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective development of innovative surgical applications and immunosuppressive agents have improved remarkable advancements in solid organ transplantation. Despite these improvements led to prevent acute rejection and to promote short-term graft survival, the toxicity of long-term immunosuppression regiments has been associated to organ failure or chronic graft rejection. The graft acceptance is determined by the balance between the regulatory and the alloreactive arm of the immune system. Hence, enhance regulatory cells leading to immune tolerance would be the solution to improve long-term allograft survival which, by reducing the overall immunosuppression, will provide transplanted patients with a better quality of life. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and regulatory myeloid cells (MRCs), including regulatory macrophages and tolerogenic dendritic cells, are promising cell populations for restoring tolerance. Thus, in the last decade efforts have been dedicated to apply regulatory cell-based therapy to improve the successful rate of organ transplantation and to promote allogeneic tolerance. More recently, this approach has been translated into clinical application. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss results on regulatory cell-based strategies, focusing on Tregs and MRCs, in terms of safety, feasibility, and efficacy in clinical studies of organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fortunato
- Mechanisms of Peripheral Tolerance Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantina Morali
- Mechanisms of Peripheral Tolerance Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Passeri
- Mechanisms of Peripheral Tolerance Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gregori
- Mechanisms of Peripheral Tolerance Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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27
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Niederlova V, Tsyklauri O, Chadimova T, Stepanek O. CD8 + Tregs revisited: A heterogeneous population with different phenotypes and properties. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:512-530. [PMID: 33501647 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in the peripheral self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. While classical CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs are well established, their CD8+ counterparts are still controversial in many aspects including their phenotypic identity and their mechanisms of suppression. Because of these controversies and because of only a limited number of studies documenting the immunoregulatory function of CD8+ Tregs in vivo, the concept of CD8+ Tregs is still not unanimously accepted. We propose that any T-cell subset considered as true regulatory must be distinguishable from other cell types and must suppress in vivo immune responses via a known mechanism. In this article, we revisit the concept of CD8+ Tregs by focusing on the characterization of individual CD8+ T-cell subsets with proposed regulatory capacity separately. Therefore, we review the phenotype and function of CD8+ FOXP3+ T cells, CD8+ CD122+ T cells, CD8+ CD28low/- T cells, CD8+ CD45RClow T cells, T cells expressing CD8αα homodimer and Qa-1-restricted CD8+ T cells to show whether there is sufficient evidence to establish these subsets as bona fide Tregs. Based on the intrinsic ability of CD8+ Treg subsets to promote immune tolerance in animal models, we elaborate on their potential use in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Niederlova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oksana Tsyklauri
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Chadimova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ondrej Stepanek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Freuchet A, Salama A, Remy S, Guillonneau C, Anegon I. IL-34 and CSF-1, deciphering similarities and differences at steady state and in diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:771-796. [PMID: 33600012 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru1120-773r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although IL-34 and CSF-1 share actions as key mediators of monocytes/macrophages survival and differentiation, they also display differences that should be identified to better define their respective roles in health and diseases. IL-34 displays low sequence homology with CSF-1 but has a similar general structure and they both bind to a common receptor CSF-1R, although binding and subsequent intracellular signaling shows differences. CSF-1R expression has been until now mainly described at a steady state in monocytes/macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells, as well as in some cancers. IL-34 has also 2 other receptors, protein-tyrosine phosphatase zeta (PTPζ) and CD138 (Syndecan-1), expressed in some epithelium, cells of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as in numerous cancers. While most, if not all, of CSF-1 actions are mediated through monocyte/macrophages, IL-34 has also other potential actions through PTPζ and CD138. Additionally, IL-34 and CSF-1 are produced by different cells in different tissues. This review describes and discusses similarities and differences between IL-34 and CSF-1 at steady state and in pathological situations and identifies possible ways to target IL-34, CSF-1, and its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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29
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Galvão-Lima LJ, Morais AHF, Valentim RAM, Barreto EJSS. miRNAs as biomarkers for early cancer detection and their application in the development of new diagnostic tools. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:21. [PMID: 33593374 PMCID: PMC7885381 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important molecules associated with the regulation of gene expression in humans and other organisms, expanding the strategies available to diagnose and handle several diseases. This paper presents a systematic review of literature of miRNAs related to cancer development and explores the main techniques used to quantify these molecules and their limitations as screening strategy. The bibliographic research was conducted using the online databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct searching the terms “microRNA detection”, “miRNA detection”, “miRNA and prostate cancer”, “miRNA and cervical cancer”, “miRNA and cervix cancer”, “miRNA and breast cancer”, and “miRNA and early cancer diagnosis”. Along the systematic review over 26,000 published papers were reported, and 252 papers were returned after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were considered during this review. The aim of this study is to identify potential miRNAs related to cancer development that may be useful for early cancer diagnosis, notably in the breast, prostate, and cervical cancers. In addition, we suggest a preliminary top 20 miRNA panel according to their relevance during the respective cancer development. Considering the progressive number of new cancer cases every year worldwide, the development of new diagnostic tools is critical to refine the accuracy of screening tests, improving the life expectancy and allowing a better prognosis for the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J Galvão-Lima
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN, 59015-000, Brazil.
| | - Antonio H F Morais
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN, 59015-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A M Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Elio J S S Barreto
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
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30
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Humanization of Immunodeficient Animals for the Modeling of Transplantation, Graft Versus Host Disease, and Regenerative Medicine. Transplantation 2021; 104:2290-2306. [PMID: 32068660 PMCID: PMC7590965 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The humanization of animals is a powerful tool for the exploration of human disease pathogenesis in biomedical research, as well as for the development of therapeutic interventions with enhanced translational potential. Humanized models enable us to overcome biologic differences that exist between humans and other species, while giving us a platform to study human processes in vivo. To become humanized, an immune-deficient recipient is engrafted with cells, tissues, or organoids. The mouse is the most well studied of these hosts, with a variety of immunodeficient strains available for various specific uses. More recently, efforts have turned to the humanization of other animal species such as the rat, which offers some technical and immunologic advantages over mice. These advances, together with ongoing developments in the incorporation of human transgenes and additional mutations in humanized mouse models, have expanded our opportunities to replicate aspects of human allotransplantation and to assist in the development of immunotherapies. In this review, the immune and tissue humanization of various species is presented with an emphasis on their potential for use as models for allotransplantation, graft versus host disease, and regenerative medicine.
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31
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Lin L, Dai F, Wei J, Chen Z. Influences of CD8 + Tregs on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Allergic Rhinitis Patients. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:E316-E323. [PMID: 32453455 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD8+ (or CD4+ ) CD25+ fork-head box transcription factor (Foxp3)+ regulatory T cells (CD8+ or CD4+ Tregs) all play a significant role in immune homeostasis and tolerance. However, the role of CD8+ Tregs in allergic rhinitis (AR) have not been clearly elucidated. The present study was aimed to assess the influence of CD8+ Tregs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AR patients. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS Patients with AR were enrolled. PBMCs were obtained, and CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs were separated from PBMCs and cultured in vitro. We examined percentages of these Tregs in total CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, respectively. After that, we evaluated levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in Tregs cultures. Finally, we administered CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs from AR patients into PBMCs cultures and examined contents of IL-4 and IL-5. RESULTS The percentages of CD4+ or CD8+ Tregs in the total CD4+ or CD8+ T cells from PBMCs in AR patients were reduced compared to normal subjects. However, IL-10 and TGF-β and their mRNAs were increased in CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs cultures from AR patients, and there were no significant differences in their levels between these two Tregs cultures. IL-4 and IL-5 were increased in AR subjects' PBMCs compared to normal ones and decreased after the AR CD4+ or CD8+ Tregs administration. However, there were no statistical differences in IL-4 and IL-5 concentrations between these two Tregs treatments. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that CD8+ Tregs may alleviate inflammatory responses in AR condition. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:E316-E323, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Dai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhou H, Yang J, Tian J, Wang S. CD8 + T Lymphocytes: Crucial Players in Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 11:602823. [PMID: 33584670 PMCID: PMC7876316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with damage to multiple organs and glands. The most common clinical manifestations are dry eyes, dry mouth, and enlarged salivary glands. Currently, CD4+ T lymphocytes are considered to be key factors in the immunopathogenesis of pSS, but various studies have shown that CD8+ T lymphocytes contribute to acinar injury in the exocrine glands. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the classification and features of CD8+ T lymphocytes, specifically describing the role of CD8+ T lymphocytes in disease pathophysiology. Furthermore, we presented treatment strategies targeting CD8+ T cells to capitalize on the pathogenic and regulatory potential of CD8+ T lymphocytes in SS to provide promising new strategies for this inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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33
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Flippe L, Gaignerie A, Sérazin C, Baron O, Saulquin X, Themeli M, Guillonneau C, David L. Rapid and Reproducible Differentiation of Hematopoietic and T Cell Progenitors From Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:577464. [PMID: 33195214 PMCID: PMC7606846 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.577464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy using T cells has revolutionized medical care in recent years but limitations are associated with the difficulty of genome editing of the cells, the production of a sufficient number of cells and standardization of the product. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into T cells to provide a standardized homogenous product of defined origin in indefinite quantity, therefore they are of great potential to alleviate limitations of therapeutic T cell production. The differentiation of hPSCs takes place in two steps: first the induction of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), then the induction of lymphopoiesis by Notch signaling. However, the differentiation of T cells from hPSCs can be difficult and lack reproducibility. One parameter that needs to be better assessed is the potential of DLL1 vs. DLL4 ligands of the Notch pathway to induce T cells. In addition, culture of hPSCs is labor-intensive and not compatible with GMP production, especially when they are cultured on feeder cells. Thus, the definition of a robust GMP-compatible differentiation protocol from hPSCs cultured in feeder-free conditions would increase the accessibility to off-the-shelf hematopoietic and T cell progenitors derived from hPSCs. In this article, we describe an efficient, rapid and reproducible protocol for the generation of hematopoietic and T cell progenitors in two steps: (1) generation of HSPCs from embryoid bodies (EB) in serum free medium and GMP-compatible feeder-free systems, (2) directed differentiation of hPSC-derived HSPCs into T-cell progenitors in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells expressing Notch-ligands OP9-DLL1 vs. OP9-DLL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Flippe
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Anne Gaignerie
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Baron
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Maria Themeli
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
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34
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Bertolini TB, Biswas M, Terhorst C, Daniell H, Herzog RW, Piñeros AR. Role of orally induced regulatory T cells in immunotherapy and tolerance. Cell Immunol 2020; 359:104251. [PMID: 33248367 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral antigen administration to induce regulatory T cells (Treg) takes advantage of regulatory mechanisms that the gastrointestinal tract utilizes to promote unresponsiveness against food antigens or commensal microorganisms. Recently, antigen-based oral immunotherapies (OITs) have shown efficacy as treatment for food allergy and autoimmune diseases. Similarly, OITs appear to prevent anti-drug antibody responses in replacement therapy for genetic diseases. Intestinal epithelial cells and microbiota possibly condition dendritic cells (DC) toward a tolerogenic phenotype that induces Treg via expression of several mediators, e.g. IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, retinoic acid. Several factors, such as metabolites derived from microbiota or diet, impact the stability and expansion of these induced Treg, which include, but are not limited to, FoxP3+ Treg, LAP+ Treg, and/or Tr1 cells. Here, we review various orally induced Treg, their plasticity and cooperation between the Treg subsets, as well as underlying mechanisms controlling their induction and role in oral tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais B Bertolini
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Moanaro Biswas
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cox Terhorst
- Division of Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry Daniell
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Annie R Piñeros
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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35
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Renavikar PS, Sinha S, Brate AA, Borcherding N, Crawford MP, Steward-Tharp SM, Karandikar NJ. IL-12-Induced Immune Suppressive Deficit During CD8+ T-Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:568630. [PMID: 33193343 PMCID: PMC7657266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.568630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by regulatory deficit in both the CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell compartments. We have shown that CD8+ T-cells associated with acute relapse of multiple sclerosis are significantly deficient in their immune suppressive ability. We hypothesized that distinct CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell (Tc) lineages, determined by cytokine milieu during naïve T-cell differentiation, may harbor differential ability to suppress effector CD4+ T-cells. We differentiated purified human naïve CD8+ T-cells in vitro toward Tc0 (media control), Tc1 and Tc17 lineages. Using in vitro flow cytometric suppression assays, we observed that Tc0 and Tc17 cells had similar suppressive ability. In contrast, Tc1 cells showed significant loss of suppressive ability against ex vivo CD4+ T-cells and in vitro-differentiated Th0, Th1 and Th17 cells. Of note, Tc1 cells were also suboptimal in suppressing CD4-induced acute xenogeneic graft versus host disease (xGVHD) in vivo. Tc subtypes derived under various cytokine combinations revealed that IL-12-containing conditions resulted in less suppressive cells exhibiting dysregulated cytotoxic degranulation. RNA sequencing transcriptome analyses indicated differential regulation of inflammatory genes and enrichment in GM-CSF-associated pathways. These studies provide insights into the role of T-cell differentiation in CD8 suppressive biology and may reveal therapeutically targetable pathways to reverse suppressive deficit during immune-mediated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav S Renavikar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sushmita Sinha
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ashley A Brate
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael P Crawford
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Scott M Steward-Tharp
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Nitin J Karandikar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, United States
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36
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Picarda E, Bézie S, Usero L, Ossart J, Besnard M, Halim H, Echasserieau K, Usal C, Rossjohn J, Bernardeau K, Gras S, Guillonneau C. Cross-Reactive Donor-Specific CD8 + Tregs Efficiently Prevent Transplant Rejection. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4245-4255.e6. [PMID: 31875536 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce the use of non-specific immunosuppressive drugs detrimental to transplant patient health, therapies in development aim to achieve antigen-specific tolerance by promoting antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, identification of the natural antigens recognized by Tregs and the contribution of their dominance in transplantation has been challenging. We identify epitopes derived from distinct major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, sharing a 7-amino acid consensus sequence positioned in a central mobile section in complex with MHC class I, recognized by cross-reactive CD8+ Tregs, enriched in the graft. Antigen-specific CD8+ Tregs can be induced in vivo with a 16-amino acid-long peptide to trigger transplant tolerance. Peptides derived from human HLA class II molecules, harboring the rat consensus sequence, also activate and expand human CD8+ Tregs, suggesting its potential in human transplantation. Altogether, this work should facilitate the development of therapies with peptide epitopes for transplantation and improve our understanding of CD8+ Treg recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Picarda
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Lorena Usero
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Jason Ossart
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Marine Besnard
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Hanim Halim
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Klara Echasserieau
- Plateforme de protéines recombinantes P2R IFR26, CRCNA-UMR892 INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Usal
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Karine Bernardeau
- Plateforme de protéines recombinantes P2R IFR26, CRCNA-UMR892 INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Gras
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France.
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37
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Human CD8+ Tregs expressing a MHC-specific CAR display enhanced suppression of human skin rejection and GVHD in NSG mice. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3522-3538. [PMID: 31730699 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal CD8+CD45RClow/- Tregs are potent regulatory cells able to control solid organ transplantation rejection and even induce tolerance. However, donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-specific Tregs are more potent than polyclonal Tregs in suppressing T-cell responses and preventing acute as well as chronic rejection in rodent models. The difficulty of identifying disease-relevant antigens able to stimulate Tregs has reduced the possibility of obtaining antigen-specific Tregs. To bypass this requirement and gain the advantage of antigen specificity, and thus improve the therapeutic potential of CD8+ Tregs, we stably introduced a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) derived from a HLA-A*02 antigen-specific antibody (A2-CAR) in human CD8+ Tregs and developed a clinically compatible protocol of transduction and expansion. We demonstrated that A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs were not phenotypically altered by the process, were specifically activated, and did not exhibit cytotoxic activity toward HLA-A*02+ kidney endothelial cells (ECs). We showed that A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs were more potent suppressors of immune responses induced by HLA-A*02 mismatch than control-CAR CD8+ Tregs, both in vitro and in vivo, in models of human skin graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice. We showed that integrity of human skin graft was preserved with A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs at least 100 days in vivo after administration, and that interaction between the A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs and HLA-A*02+ kidney ECs resulted in a fine-tuned and protolerogenic activation of the ECs without cytotoxicity. Together, our results demonstrated the relevance of the CAR engineering approach to develop antigen-specific CAR-CD8+ Tregs for clinical trials in transplantation, and potentially in other diseases.
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38
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Sinha S, Renavikar PS, Crawford MP, Steward-Tharp SM, Brate A, Tsalikian E, Tansey M, Shivapour ET, Cho T, Kamholz J, Karandikar NJ. Altered expression of SIRPγ on the T-cells of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes patients could potentiate effector responses from T-cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238070. [PMID: 32853219 PMCID: PMC7451561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors regulating self-antigen directed immune-responses in autoimmunity are poorly understood. Signal regulatory protein gamma (SIRPγ) is a human T-cell specific protein with genetic variants associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). SIRPγ's function in the immune system remains unclear. We show that T1D and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) subjects have significantly greater frequency of rs2281808 T genetic variant, that correlates with reduced SIRPγ-expression in T-cells. Importantly, reduced SIRPγ-expression in RRMS and T1D subjects was not restricted to T variant, suggesting SIRPγ-expression is also regulated by disease specific factors in autoimmunity. Interestingly, increased frequencies of SIRPγlow T-cells in RRMS and T1D positively correlated with proinflammatory molecules from T-cells. Finally, we show that SIRPγlow T-cells have enhanced pathogenecity in vivo in a GVHD model. These findings suggest that decreased-SIRPγ expression, either determined by genetic variants or through peripherally acquired processes, may have a mechanistic link to autoimmunity through induction of hyperactive T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Sinha
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Pranav S. Renavikar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Crawford
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Scott M. Steward-Tharp
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ashley Brate
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Eva Tsalikian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Michael Tansey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ezzatollah T. Shivapour
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Tracey Cho
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - John Kamholz
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Nitin J. Karandikar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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Bézie S, Freuchet A, Sérazin C, Salama A, Vimond N, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. IL-34 Actions on FOXP3 + Tregs and CD14 + Monocytes Control Human Graft Rejection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1496. [PMID: 32849510 PMCID: PMC7431608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are major players regulating immune responses toward inflammatory and tolerogenic results. In organ and bone marrow transplantation, new reagents are needed to inhibit tissue destructive mechanisms and eventually induce immune tolerance without overall immunosuppression. IL-34 is a cytokine with no significant homology with any other cytokine but that acts preferentially through CSF-1R, as CSF-1 does, and through PTPζ and CD138. Although IL-34 and CSF-1 share actions, a detailed analysis of their effects on immune cells needs further research. We previously showed that both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs suppress effector T cells through the production of IL-34, but not CSF-1, and that this action was mediated through antigen-presenting cells. We showed here by single-cell RNAseq and cytofluorimetry that different subsets of human monocytes expressed different levels of CSF-1R, CD138, and PTPζ and that both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs expressed higher levels of CSF-1R than conventional T cells. The effects of IL-34 differed in the survival of these different subpopulations of monocytes and RNAseq analysis showed several genes differentially expressed between IL-34, CSF-1, M0, M1, and also M2 macrophages. Acute graft-vs.-host disease (aGVHD) in immunodeficient NSG mice injected with human PBMCs was decreased when treated with IL-34 in combination with an anti-CD45RC mAb that depleted conventional T cells. When IL-34-differentiated monocytes were used to expand Tregs in vitro, both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs were highly enriched and this effect was superior to the one obtained with CSF-1. Human CD8+ Tregs expanded in vitro with IL-34-differentiated allogeneic monocytes suppressed human immune responses in an NSG mouse aGVHD model humanized with hPBMCs. Overall, we showed that IL-34 induced the differentiation of human monocytes with a particular transcriptional profile and these cells favored the development of potent suppressor FOXP3+ Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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40
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Flippe L, Bézie S, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Future prospects for CD8 + regulatory T cells in immune tolerance. Immunol Rev 2019; 292:209-224. [PMID: 31593314 PMCID: PMC7027528 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ Tregs have been long described and significant progresses have been made about their phenotype, their functional mechanisms, and their suppressive ability compared to conventional CD4+ Tregs. They are now at the dawn of their clinical use. In this review, we will summarize their phenotypic characteristics, their mechanisms of action, the similarities, differences and synergies between CD8+ and CD4+ Tregs, and we will discuss the biology, development and induction of CD8+ Tregs, their manufacturing for clinical use, considering open questions/uncertainties and future technically accessible improvements notably through genetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Flippe
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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41
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Ferreira LMR, Muller YD, Bluestone JA, Tang Q. Next-generation regulatory T cell therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:749-769. [PMID: 31541224 PMCID: PMC7773144 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are a small subset of immune cells that are dedicated to curbing excessive immune activation and maintaining immune homeostasis. Accordingly, deficiencies in Treg cell development or function result in uncontrolled immune responses and tissue destruction and can lead to inflammatory disorders such as graft-versus-host disease, transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases. As Treg cells deploy more than a dozen molecular mechanisms to suppress immune responses, they have potential as multifaceted adaptable smart therapeutics for treating inflammatory disorders. Indeed, early-phase clinical trials of Treg cell therapy have shown feasibility, tolerability and potential efficacy in these disease settings. In the meantime, progress in the development of chimeric antigen receptors and in genome editing (including the application of CRISPR-Cas9) over the past two decades has facilitated the genetic optimization of primary T cell therapy for cancer. These technologies are now being used to enhance the specificity and functionality of Treg cells. In this Review, we describe the key advances and prospects in designing and implementing Treg cell-based therapy in autoimmunity and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M R Ferreira
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sean N. Parker Autoimmune Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yannick D Muller
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bluestone
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Sean N. Parker Autoimmune Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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42
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Ouisse LH, Remy S, Lafoux A, Larcher T, Tesson L, Chenouard V, Guillonneau C, Brusselle L, Vimond N, Rouger K, Péréon Y, Chenouard A, Gras-Le Guen C, Braudeau C, Josien R, Huchet C, Anegon I. Immunophenotype of a Rat Model of Duchenne's Disease and Demonstration of Improved Muscle Strength After Anti-CD45RC Antibody Treatment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2131. [PMID: 31552055 PMCID: PMC6746111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids (CS) are standard therapy for the treatment of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). Even though they decrease inflammation, they have limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. There is therefore the need for new protolerogenic treatments to replace CS. Dystrophin-deficient rats (Dmdmdx ) closely resemble the pathological phenotype of DMD patients. We performed the first Immunophenotyping of Dmdmdx rats and showed leukocyte infiltration in skeletal and cardiac muscles, which consisted mostly of macrophages and T cells including CD45RChigh T cells. Muscles of DMD patients also contain elevated CD45RChigh T cells. We treated Dmdmdx rats with an anti-CD45RC MAb used in previous studies to deplete CD45RChigh T cells and induce immune tolerance in models of organ transplantation. Treatment of young Dmdmdx rats with anti-CD45RC MAb corrected skeletal muscle strength and was associated with depletion of CD45RChigh T cells with no side effects. Treatment of young Dmdmdx rats with prednisolone resulted in increase in skeletal muscle strength but also severe growth retardation. In conclusion, anti-CD45RC MAb treatment has potential in the treatment of DMD and might eventually result in reduction or elimination of CS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Hélène Ouisse
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Aude Lafoux
- THERASSAY CAPACITES, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- INRA, UMR703 APEX, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Vanessa Chenouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Lucas Brusselle
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karl Rouger
- INRA, UMR703 APEX, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Péréon
- Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases AOC, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Chenouard
- Pediatric Intensive Care, Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Cécile Braudeau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- CIMNA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- CIMNA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Corinne Huchet
- THERASSAY CAPACITES, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Thérapie Génique Translationnelle des Maladies Génétiques, INSERM UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
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Ma T, Luan S, Tao R, Lu D, Guo L, Liu J, Shu J, Zhou X, Han Y, Jia Y, Li G, Zhang H, Han W, Han Y, Li H. Targeted Migration of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Secondary Lymphoid Organs Enhances Their Immunomodulatory Effect and Prolongs the Survival of Allografted Vascularized Composites. Stem Cells 2019; 37:1581-1594. [PMID: 31414513 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), which are the niches for immune initiation, provides an unprecedented opportunity for immune intolerance induction. The alloimmune rejection postvascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is mediated by T lymphocytes. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) possess the superiority of convenient availability and potent immunoregulatory property, but their therapeutic results in the VCA are unambiguous thus far. Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) can specifically guide immune cells migrating into SLOs. There, the genes of CCR7-GFP or GFP alone were introduced into hASCs by lentivirus. hASCs/CCR7 maintained the multidifferentiation and immunoregulatory abilities, but it gained the migration capacity elicited by secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (SCL) (CCR7 ligand) in vitro. Noteworthily, intravenously infused hASCs/CCR7 targetedly relocated in the T-cell aggression area in SLOs. In a rat VCA model, hASCs/GFP transfusion had a rare effect on the allografted vascularized composite. However, hASCs/CCR7 infusion potently prolonged the grafts' survival time. The ameliorated pathologic exhibition and the regulated inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood were also observed. The altered axis of Th1/Th2 and Tregs/Th17 in SLOs may underlie the downregulated rejection response. Moreover, the proteomic examination of splenic T lymphocytes also confirmed that hASCs/CCR7 decreased the proteins related to cytokinesis, lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptotic process. In conclusion, our present study demonstrated that targeted migration of hASCs/CCR7 to SLOs highly intensifies their in vivo immunomodulatory effect in the VCA model for the first time. We believe this SLO-targeting strategy may improve the clinical therapeutic efficacy of hASC for allogeneic and autogenic immune disease. Stem Cells 2019;37:1581-1594.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - ShaoLiang Luan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - LingLi Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - JieJie Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Shu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - XiangBin Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - YuDi Han
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Seventh Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - YiQing Jia
- Department of Emergency, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - WeiDong Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Udomsinprasert W, Jittikoon J, Honsawek S. Interleukin-34 as a promising clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for inflammatory arthritis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 47:43-53. [PMID: 31126875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-34 (IL-34), recently identified as a novel inflammatory cytokine and the second ligand for colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor, is known to play regulatory roles in the development, maintenance, and function of mononuclear phagocyte lineage cells - especially osteoclasts. Regarding its primary effect on osteoclasts, IL-34 has been shown to stimulate formation and activation of osteoclasts, which in turn magnifies osteoclasts-resorbing activity. In addition to its role in osteoclastogenesis, IL-34 has been implicated in inflammation of synovium via augmenting production of inflammatory mediators, in which altered IL-34 expression is regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for cartilage degradation. Indeed, IL-34 has been documented to be highly expressed in inflamed synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients, which are recognized as inflammatory arthritis. Furthermore, a number of clinical studies demonstrated that IL-34 levels were significantly increased in the circulation and synovial fluid of patients with RA and knee OA. Its levels were also found to be positively associated with disease severity - especially radiographic severity of both RA and knee OA patients. Interestingly, emerging evidence has accumulated that functional blockage of IL-34 with specific antibody can alleviate the severity of inflammatory arthritis. It is therefore reasonable to speculate that IL-34 may be developed as a potential biomarker and a new therapeutic candidate for inflammatory arthritis. To date, there are numerous studies showing IL-34 involvement and association with many aspects of inflammatory arthritis. Herein, this review aimed to summarize the recent findings regarding regulatory role of IL-34 in synovial inflammation-mediated cartilage destruction and update the current comprehensive knowledge on usefulness of IL-34-based treatment in inflammatory arthritis - particularly RA and knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Department of Biochemistry, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Although cluster of differentiation (CD)8 regulatory T (Treg) cells have been in the last 20 years more studied since evidences of their role in tolerance as been demonstrated in transplantation, autoimmune diseases and cancer, their characteristics are still controversial. In this review, we will focus on recent advances on CD8 Treg cells and description of a role for CD8 Treg cells in tolerance in both solid organ transplantation and graft-versus-host disease and their potential for clinical trials.
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46
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Schinnerling K, Rosas C, Soto L, Thomas R, Aguillón JC. Humanized Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis for Studies on Immunopathogenesis and Preclinical Testing of Cell-Based Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:203. [PMID: 30837986 PMCID: PMC6389733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been used over decades to study the immunopathogenesis of the disease and to explore intervention strategies. Nevertheless, mouse models of RA reach their limit when it comes to testing of new therapeutic approaches such as cell-based therapies. Differences between the human and the murine immune system make it difficult to draw reliable conclusions about the success of immunotherapies. To overcome this issue, humanized mouse models have been established that mimic components of the human immune system in mice. Two main strategies have been pursued for humanization: the introduction of human transgenes such as human leukocyte antigen molecules or specific T cell receptors, and the generation of mouse/human chimera by transferring human cells or tissues into immunodeficient mice. Recently, both approaches have been combined to achieve more sophisticated humanized models of autoimmune diseases. This review discusses limitations of conventional mouse models of RA-like disease and provides a closer look into studies in humanized mice exploring their usefulness and necessity as preclinical models for testing of cell-based therapies in autoimmune diseases such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Schinnerling
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Rosas
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Soto
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Unidad de Dolor, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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47
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Iamsawat S, Daenthanasanmak A, Voss JH, Nguyen H, Bastian D, Liu C, Yu XZ. Stabilization of Foxp3 by Targeting JAK2 Enhances Efficacy of CD8 Induced Regulatory T Cells in the Prevention of Graft-versus-Host Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2812-2823. [PMID: 30242073 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) have been identified to suppress alloreactive immune responses and expressed regulatory T cell (Treg) ontological markers as similar as CD4+ iTregs. However, adoptive transfer of CD8+ iTreg-based therapy is hampered by the instability of Treg specific-transcription factor, Foxp3. As CD8+ iTregs were previously demonstrated to possess superior tumor-killing ability to CD4+ iTregs, adoptive transfer of stabilized CD8+ iTregs would be a potential therapy to prevent tumor relapse during graft-versus-leukemia disease (GVHD) treatment. In the current study, we generated alloantigen reactive CD8+ iTregs from JAK2-/- T cells and adoptively transferred them to MHC-mismatched and haploidentical murine models of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. JAK2-/- CD8+ iTregs not only attenuated GVHD but also preserved graft-versus-leukemia effect. Mechanistic analysis revealed that JAK2-/- CD8+ iTregs upregulated natural Treg marker (neuropilin-1), and augmented DNA demethylation of CNS2 region within Foxp3 gene. These properties licensed JAK2-/- CD8+ iTregs to retain high Foxp3 expression resulting in less conversion to type 1 CTLs; as a result, JAK2-/- CD8+ iTregs were able to maintain their suppressive and cytolytic function. Thus, our findings provide a strong rationale and means to stabilize CD8+ iTregs by targeting JAK2, and the stabilized CD8+ iTregs exhibit therapeutic potential for alleviating GVHD and preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supinya Iamsawat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Anusara Daenthanasanmak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Jessica Heinrichs Voss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - David Bastian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901; and
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425; .,Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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48
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Description of CD8 + Regulatory T Lymphocytes and Their Specific Intervention in Graft-versus-Host and Infectious Diseases, Autoimmunity, and Cancer. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:3758713. [PMID: 30155493 PMCID: PMC6098849 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3758713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gershon and Kondo described CD8+ Treg lymphocytes as the first ones with regulating activity due to their tolerance ability to foreign antigens and their capacity to inhibit the proliferation of other lymphocytes. Regardless, CD8+ Treg lymphocytes have not been fully described-unlike CD4+ Treg lymphocytes-because of their low numbers in blood and the lack of specific and accurate population markers. Still, these lymphocytes have been studied for the past 30 years, even after finding difficulties during investigations. As a result, studies have identified markers that define their subpopulations. This review is focused on the expression of cell membrane markers as CD25, CD122, CD103, CTLA-4, CD39, CD73, LAG-3, and FasL as well as soluble molecules such as FoxP3, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-34, and IL-35, in addition to the lack of expression of cell activation markers such as CD28, CD127 CD45RC, and CD49d. This work also underlines the importance of identifying some of these markers in infections with several pathogens, autoimmunity, cancer, and graft-versus-host disease as a strategy in their prevention, monitoring, and cure.
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49
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Baghdadi M, Umeyama Y, Hama N, Kobayashi T, Han N, Wada H, Seino KI. Interleukin-34, a comprehensive review. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:931-951. [PMID: 30066957 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr1117-457r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-34 is a novel cytokine that was identified in 2008 in a comprehensive proteomic analysis as a tissue-specific ligand of CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R). IL-34 exists in all vertebrates including fish, amphibians, birds, and mammals, showing high conservation among species. Structurally, IL-34 belongs to the short-chain helical hematopoietic cytokine family but shows no apparent consensus structural domains, motifs, or sequence homology with other cytokines. IL-34 is synthesized as a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein that binds to the extracellular domains of CSF-1R and receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase-zeta (PTP-ζ) in addition to the chondroitin sulfate chains of syndecan-1. These interactions result in activating several signaling pathways that regulate major cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, survival, metabolism, and cytokine/chemokine expression in addition to cellular adhesion and migration. In the steady state, IL-34 contributes to the development and maintenance of specific myeloid cell subsets in a tissue-specific manner: Langerhans cells in the skin and microglia in the brain. In pathological conditions, changes in IL-34 expression-increased or decreased-are involved in disease pathogenesis and correlate with progression, severity, and chronicity. One decade after its discovery, IL-34 has been introduced as a newcomer to the big family of interleukins with specific physiological functions, critical pathological roles, and promising clinical applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we celebrate the 10th anniversary of IL-34 discovery, introducing its biological characteristics, and discussing the importance of IL-34 signaling network in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Baghdadi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yui Umeyama
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hama
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuto Kobayashi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nanumi Han
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Wada
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Seino
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Generation of Immunodeficient Rats With Rag1 and Il2rg Gene Deletions and Human Tissue Grafting Models. Transplantation 2018; 102:1271-1278. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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