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Freeman P, Bellomo G, Ireland L, Abudula M, Luckett T, Oberst M, Stafferton R, Ghaneh P, Halloran C, Schmid MC, Mielgo A. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factors increases production of CXCL9/10 by macrophages and fibroblasts and facilitates CD8 + cytotoxic T cell recruitment to pancreatic tumours. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382538. [PMID: 39165364 PMCID: PMC11334161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with an urgent unmet clinical need for new therapies. Using a combination of in vitro assays and in vivo preclinical models we demonstrate that therapeutic inhibition of the IGF signalling axis promotes the accumulation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells within the tumour microenvironment of PDAC tumours. Mechanistically, we show that IGF blockade promotes macrophage and fibroblast production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 to facilitate CD8+ T cell recruitment and trafficking towards the PDAC tumour. Exploring this pathway further, we show that IGF inhibition leads to increased STAT1 transcriptional activity, correlating with a downregulation of the AKT/STAT3 signalling axis, in turn promoting Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 gene transcription. Using patient derived tumour explants, we also demonstrate that our findings translate into the human setting. PDAC tumours are frequently described as "immunologically cold", therefore bolstering CD8+ T cell recruitment to PDAC tumours through IGF inhibition may serve to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors which rely on the presence of CD8+ T cells in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Freeman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gaia Bellomo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Ireland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Maidinaimu Abudula
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Teifion Luckett
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Oberst
- Department of Oncology Research, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Ruth Stafferton
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Ghaneh
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C. Schmid
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ainhoa Mielgo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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2
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Wang Z, Shang J, Qiu Y, Cheng H, Tao M, Xie E, Pei X, Li W, Zhang L, Wu A, Li G. Suppression of the METTL3-m 6A-integrin β1 axis by extracellular acidification impairs T cell infiltration and antitumor activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113796. [PMID: 38367240 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The acidic metabolic byproducts within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hinder T cell effector functions. However, their effects on T cell infiltration remain largely unexplored. Leveraging the comprehensive The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we pinpoint 16 genes that correlate with extracellular acidification and establish a metric known as the "tumor acidity (TuAci) score" for individual patients. We consistently observe a negative association between the TuAci score and T lymphocyte score (T score) across various human cancer types. Mechanistically, extracellular acidification significantly impedes T cell motility by suppressing podosome formation. This phenomenon can be attributed to the reduced expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and the modification of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A), resulting in a subsequent decrease in the expression of integrin β1 (ITGB1). Importantly, enforced ITGB1 expression leads to enhanced T cell infiltration and improved antitumor activity. Our study suggests that modulating METTL3 activity or boosting ITGB1 expression could augment T cell infiltration within the acidic TME, thereby improving the efficacy of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingzhe Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yajing Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hongcheng Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mengyuan Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ermei Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Pei
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Aiping Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Guideng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
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3
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Melssen MM, Sheybani ND, Leick KM, Slingluff CL. Barriers to immune cell infiltration in tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006401. [PMID: 37072352 PMCID: PMC10124321 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased immune cell infiltration into tumors is associated with improved patient survival and predicts response to immune therapies. Thus, identification of factors that determine the extent of immune infiltration is crucial, so that methods to intervene on these targets can be developed. T cells enter tumor tissues through the vasculature, and under control of interactions between homing receptors on the T cells and homing receptor ligands (HRLs) expressed by tumor vascular endothelium and tumor cell nests. HRLs are often deficient in tumors, and there also may be active barriers to infiltration. These remain understudied but may be crucial for enhancing immune-mediated cancer control. Multiple intratumoral and systemic therapeutic approaches show promise to enhance T cell infiltration, including both approved therapies and experimental therapies. This review highlights the intracellular and extracellular determinants of immune cell infiltration into tumors, barriers to infiltration, and approaches for intervention to enhance infiltration and response to immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit M Melssen
- Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natasha D Sheybani
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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4
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Akhter W, Nakhle J, Vaillant L, Garcin G, Le Saout C, Simon M, Crozet C, Djouad F, Jorgensen C, Vignais ML, Hernandez J. Transfer of mesenchymal stem cell mitochondria to CD4 + T cells contributes to repress Th1 differentiation by downregulating T-bet expression. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:12. [PMID: 36694226 PMCID: PMC9875419 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with strong tissue repair and immunomodulatory properties. Due to their ability to repress pathogenic immune responses, and in particular T cell responses, they show therapeutic potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, organ rejection and graft versus host disease. MSCs have the remarkable ability to export their own mitochondria to neighboring cells in response to injury and inflammation. However, whether mitochondrial transfer occurs and has any role in the repression of CD4+ Th1 responses is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In this report we have utilized CD4+ T cells from HNT TCR transgenic mice that develop Th1-like responses upon antigenic stimulation in vitro and in vivo. Allogeneic bone marrow-derived MSCs reduced the diabetogenic potential of HNT CD4+ T cells in vivo in a transgenic mouse model of disease. In co-culture experiments, we have shown that MSCs were able to reduce HNT CD4+ T cell expansion, expression of key effector markers and production of the effector cytokine IFNγ after activation. This was associated with the ability of CD4+ T cells to acquire mitochondria from MSCs as evidenced by FACS and confocal microscopy. Remarkably, transfer of isolated MSC mitochondria to CD4+ T cells resulted in decreased T cell proliferation and IFNγ production. These effects were additive with those of prostaglandin E2 secreted by MSCs. Finally, we demonstrated that both co-culture with MSCs and transfer of isolated MSC mitochondria prevent the upregulation of T-bet, the master Th1 transcription factor, on activated CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that transfer of MSC mitochondria to activated CD4+ T cells results in the suppression of Th1 responses in part by downregulating T-bet expression. Furthermore, our studies suggest that MSC mitochondrial transfer might represent a general mechanism of MSC-dependent immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Akhter
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Nakhle
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Vaillant
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Geneviève Garcin
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Le Saout
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Matthieu Simon
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Carole Crozet
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Farida Djouad
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XCHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Luce Vignais
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Javier Hernandez
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, Université de Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier, France.
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5
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Scherm MG, Wyatt RC, Serr I, Anz D, Richardson SJ, Daniel C. Beta cell and immune cell interactions in autoimmune type 1 diabetes: How they meet and talk to each other. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101565. [PMID: 35944899 PMCID: PMC9418549 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scope of review Major conclusions
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6
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Jacobelli J, Buser AE, Heiden DL, Friedman RS. Autoimmunity in motion: Mechanisms of immune regulation and destruction revealed by in vivo imaging. Immunol Rev 2022; 306:181-199. [PMID: 34825390 PMCID: PMC9135487 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmunity arises when mechanisms of immune tolerance fail. Here we discuss mechanisms of T cell activation and tolerance and the dynamics of the autoimmune response at the site of disease. Live imaging of autoimmunity provides the ability to analyze immune cell dynamics at the single-cell level within the complex intact environment where disease occurs. These analyses have revealed mechanisms of T cell activation and tolerance in the lymph nodes, mechanisms of T cell entry into sites of autoimmune disease, and mechanisms leading to pathogenesis or protection in the autoimmune lesions. The overarching conclusions point to stable versus transient T cell antigen presenting cell interactions dictating the balance between T cell activation and tolerance, and T cell restimulation as a driver of pathogenesis at the site of autoimmunity. Findings from models of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes are highlighted, however, the results have implications for basic mechanisms of T cell regulation during immune responses, tumor immunity, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jacobelli
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alan E. Buser
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Dustin L. Heiden
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Rachel S. Friedman
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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7
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van Steijn L, Wortel IMN, Sire C, Dupré L, Theraulaz G, Merks RMH. Computational modelling of cell motility modes emerging from cell-matrix adhesion dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009156. [PMID: 35157694 PMCID: PMC8880896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes have been described to perform different motility patterns such as Brownian random walks, persistent random walks, and Lévy walks. Depending on the conditions, such as confinement or the distribution of target cells, either Brownian or Lévy walks lead to more efficient interaction with the targets. The diversity of these motility patterns may be explained by an adaptive response to the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Indeed, depending on the ECM composition, lymphocytes either display a floating motility without attaching to the ECM, or sliding and stepping motility with respectively continuous or discontinuous attachment to the ECM, or pivoting behaviour with sustained attachment to the ECM. Moreover, on the long term, lymphocytes either perform a persistent random walk or a Brownian-like movement depending on the ECM composition. How the ECM affects cell motility is still incompletely understood. Here, we integrate essential mechanistic details of the lymphocyte-matrix adhesions and lymphocyte intrinsic cytoskeletal induced cell propulsion into a Cellular Potts model (CPM). We show that the combination of de novo cell-matrix adhesion formation, adhesion growth and shrinkage, adhesion rupture, and feedback of adhesions onto cell propulsion recapitulates multiple lymphocyte behaviours, for different lymphocyte subsets and various substrates. With an increasing attachment area and increased adhesion strength, the cells’ speed and persistence decreases. Additionally, the model predicts random walks with short-term persistent but long-term subdiffusive properties resulting in a pivoting type of motility. For small adhesion areas, the spatial distribution of adhesions emerges as a key factor influencing cell motility. Small adhesions at the front allow for more persistent motility than larger clusters at the back, despite a similar total adhesion area. In conclusion, we present an integrated framework to simulate the effects of ECM proteins on cell-matrix adhesion dynamics. The model reveals a sufficient set of principles explaining the plasticity of lymphocyte motility. During immunosurveillance, lymphocytes patrol through tissues to interact with cancer cells, other immune cells, and pathogens. The efficiency of this process depends on the kinds of trajectories taken, ranging from simple Brownian walks to Lévy walks. The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a network of macromolecules, affects the formation of cell-matrix adhesions, thus strongly influencing the way lymphocytes move. Here, we present a model of lymphocyte motility driven by adhesions that grow, shrink and rupture in response to the ECM and cellular forces. Compared to other models, our model is computationally light making it suitable for generating long term cell track data, while still capturing actin dynamics and adhesion turnover. Our model suggests that cell motility is affected by the force required to break adhesions and the rate at which new adhesions form. Adhesions can promote cell protrusion by inhibiting retrograde actin flow. After introducing this effect into the model, we found that it reduces the cellular diffusivity and that it promotes stick-slip behaviour. Furthermore, location and size of adhesion clusters determined cell persistence. Overall, our model explains the plasticity of lymphocyte behaviour in response to the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inge M. N. Wortel
- Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clément Sire
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Dupré
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITy), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guy Theraulaz
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Roeland M. H. Merks
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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8
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Michau A, Lafont C, Bargi-Souza P, Kemkem Y, Guillou A, Ravier MA, Bertrand G, Varrault A, Fiordelisio T, Hodson DJ, Mollard P, Schaeffer M. Metabolic Stress Impairs Pericyte Response to Optogenetic Stimulation in Pancreatic Islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:918733. [PMID: 35813647 PMCID: PMC9259887 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.918733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islets are highly vascularized micro-organs ensuring whole body glucose homeostasis. Islet vascular cells play an integral part in sustaining adequate insulin release by beta cells. In particular, recent studies have demonstrated that islet pericytes regulate local blood flow velocity and are required for maintenance of beta cell maturity and function. In addition, increased metabolic demand accompanying obesity alters islet pericyte morphology. Here, we sought to explore the effects of metabolic stress on islet pericyte functional response to stimulation in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes, directly in the pancreas in vivo . We found that high fat diet induced islet pericyte hypertrophy without alterations in basal local blood flow. However, optogenetic stimulation of pericyte activity revealed impaired islet vascular responses, despite increased expression of genes encoding proteins directly or indirectly involved in cell contraction. These findings suggest that metabolic stress impinges upon islet pericyte function, which may contribute to beta cell failure during T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Michau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Chrystel Lafont
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Paula Bargi-Souza
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics of the Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yasmine Kemkem
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Guillou
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Magalie A. Ravier
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Gyslaine Bertrand
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Annie Varrault
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Tatiana Fiordelisio
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología Comparada, Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David J. Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patrice Mollard
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Schaeffer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Marie Schaeffer,
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9
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Melssen MM, Lindsay RS, Stasiak K, Rodriguez AB, Briegel AM, Cyranowski S, Rutkowski MR, Conaway MR, Melief CJM, van der Burg SH, Eyo U, Slingluff CL, Engelhard VH. Differential Expression of CD49a and CD49b Determines Localization and Function of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8 + T Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:583-597. [PMID: 33619119 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T-cell infiltration and effector activity in tumors are correlated with better overall survival of patients, suggesting that the ability of T cells to enter and remain in contact with tumor cells supports tumor control. CD8+ T cells express the collagen-binding integrins CD49a and CD49b, but little is known about their function or how their expression is regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we found that tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells initially expressed CD49b, gained CD49a, and then lost CD49b over the course of tumor outgrowth. This differentiation sequence was driven by antigen-independent elements in the TME, although T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation further increased CD49a expression. Expression of exhaustion markers and CD49a associated temporally but not mechanistically. Intratumoral CD49a-expressing CD8+ T cells failed to upregulate TCR-dependent Nur77 expression, whereas CD69 was constitutively expressed, consistent with both a lack of productive antigen engagement and a tissue-resident memory-like phenotype. Imaging T cells in live tumor slices revealed that CD49a increased their motility, especially of those in close proximity to tumor cells, suggesting that it may interfere with T-cell recognition of tumor cells by distracting them from productive engagement, although we were not able to augment productive engagement by short-term CD49a blockade. CD49b also promoted relocalization of T cells at a greater distance from tumor cells. Thus, our results demonstrate that expression of these integrins affects T-cell trafficking and localization in tumors via distinct mechanisms, and suggests a new way in which the TME, and likely collagen, could promote tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit M Melssen
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robin S Lindsay
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Katarzyna Stasiak
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Anthony B Rodriguez
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Amanda M Briegel
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Salwador Cyranowski
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Melanie R Rutkowski
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Mark R Conaway
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Cornelis J M Melief
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,ISA Pharmaceutical, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ukpong Eyo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Victor H Engelhard
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Ding Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Jia Q, Wang X, Li Y, Lv S, Zhang J. Roles of Biomarkers in Myocardial Fibrosis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1157-1174. [PMID: 33014530 PMCID: PMC7505259 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is observed in various cardiovascular diseases and plays a key role in the impairment of cardiac function. Endomyocardial biopsy, as the gold standard for the diagnosis of myocardial fibrosis, has limitations in terms of clinical application. Therefore, biomarkers have been recommended for noninvasive assessment of myocardial fibrosis. This review discusses the role of biomarkers in myocardial fibrosis from the perspective of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejia Ding
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wanqin Zhang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Qiujin Jia
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- 3Qian'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qian'an 064400, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- 4Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shichao Lv
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.,2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
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11
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Wiedemann C, Amann B, Degroote RL, Witte T, Deeg CA. Aberrant Migratory Behavior of Immune Cells in Recurrent Autoimmune Uveitis in Horses. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:101. [PMID: 32211402 PMCID: PMC7076317 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The participating signals and structures that enable primary immune cells migrating within dense tissues are not completely revealed until now. Especially in autoimmune diseases, mostly unknown mechanisms facilitate autoreactive immune cells to migrate to endogenous tissues, infiltrating and harming organ-specific structures. In order to gain deeper insights into the migratory behavior of primary autoreactive immune cells, we examined peripheral blood-derived lymphocytes (PBLs) of horses with equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), a spontaneous animal model for autoimmune uveitis in humans. In this study, we used a three-dimensional collagen I hydrogel matrix and monitored live-cell migration of primary lymphocytes as a reaction to different chemoattractants such as fetal calf serum (FCS), cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and a specific uveitis autoantigen, cellular retinaldehyde binding protein (CRALBP). Through these experiments, we uncovered distinct differences between PBLs from ERU cases and PBLs from healthy animals, with significantly higher cell motility, cell speed, and straightness during migration of PBLs from ERU horses. Furthermore, we emphasized the significance of expression levels and cellular localization of septin 7, a membrane-interacting protein with decreased abundance in PBLs of autoimmune cases. To underline the importance of septin 7 expression changes and the possible contribution to migratory behavior in autoreactive immune cells, we used forchlorfenuron (FCF) as a reversible inhibitor of septin structures. FCF-treated cells showed more directed migration through dense tissue and revealed aberrant septin 7 and F-actin structures along with different protein distribution and translocalization of the latter, uncovered by immunochemistry. Hence, we propose that septin 7 and interacting molecules play a pivotal role in the organization and regulation of cell shaping and migration. With our findings, we contribute to gaining deeper insights into the migratory behavior and septin 7-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization of immune cells in organ-specific autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Wiedemann
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Amann
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roxane L Degroote
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Witte
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia A Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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12
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Obeidy P, Ju LA, Oehlers SH, Zulkhernain NS, Lee Q, Galeano Niño JL, Kwan RY, Tikoo S, Cavanagh LL, Mrass P, Cook AJ, Jackson SP, Biro M, Roediger B, Sixt M, Weninger W. Partial loss of actin nucleator actin-related protein 2/3 activity triggers blebbing in primary T lymphocytes. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 98:93-113. [PMID: 31698518 PMCID: PMC7028084 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes utilize amoeboid migration to navigate effectively within complex microenvironments. The precise rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton required for cellular forward propulsion is mediated by actin regulators, including the actin‐related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, a macromolecular machine that nucleates branched actin filaments at the leading edge. The consequences of modulating Arp2/3 activity on the biophysical properties of the actomyosin cortex and downstream T cell function are incompletely understood. We report that even a moderate decrease of Arp3 levels in T cells profoundly affects actin cortex integrity. Reduction in total F‐actin content leads to reduced cortical tension and disrupted lamellipodia formation. Instead, in Arp3‐knockdown cells, the motility mode is dominated by blebbing migration characterized by transient, balloon‐like protrusions at the leading edge. Although this migration mode seems to be compatible with interstitial migration in three‐dimensional environments, diminished locomotion kinetics and impaired cytotoxicity interfere with optimal T cell function. These findings define the importance of finely tuned, Arp2/3‐dependent mechanophysical membrane integrity in cytotoxic effector T lymphocyte activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Obeidy
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Lining A Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Stefan H Oehlers
- Tuberculosis Research Program, The Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nursafwana S Zulkhernain
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Quintin Lee
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Jorge L Galeano Niño
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, the ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Rain Yq Kwan
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Shweta Tikoo
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Lois L Cavanagh
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Paulus Mrass
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Adam Jl Cook
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Maté Biro
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, the ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Ben Roediger
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, 3400, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
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