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Hernandez-Gonzalez F, Mendoza N, Casas-Recasens S, Cruz T, Albacar N, López-Saiz G, Alsina-Restoy X, Rojas M, Agusti A, Sellarés J, Faner R. Peripheral Immune Cell Profiling Reveals Distinct Immune Hallmarks in Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arch Bronconeumol 2023; 59:681-684. [PMID: 37468400 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Hernandez-Gonzalez
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Mendoza
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain; University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Department, Immunology Unit, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Casas-Recasens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Tamara Cruz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Nuria Albacar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma López-Saiz
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Alsina-Restoy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Jacobo Sellarés
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Rosa Faner
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain; University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Department, Immunology Unit, Barcelona, Spain.
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Soto-Heredero G, Gómez de Las Heras MM, Escrig-Larena JI, Mittelbrunn M. Extremely Differentiated T Cell Subsets Contribute to Tissue Deterioration During Aging. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:181-205. [PMID: 37126417 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101721-064501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a dramatic remodeling of the T cell compartment during aging. The most notorious changes are the reduction of the naive T cell pool and the accumulation of memory-like T cells. Memory-like T cells in older people acquire a phenotype of terminally differentiated cells, lose the expression of costimulatory molecules, and acquire properties of senescent cells. In this review, we focus on the different subsets of age-associated T cells that accumulate during aging. These subsets include extremely cytotoxic T cells with natural killer properties, exhausted T cells with altered cytokine production, and regulatory T cells that gain proinflammatory features. Importantly, all of these subsets lose their lymph node homing capacity and migrate preferentially to nonlymphoid tissues, where they contribute to tissue deterioration and inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Soto-Heredero
- Homeostasis de Tejidos y Órganos, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel M Gómez de Las Heras
- Homeostasis de Tejidos y Órganos, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Escrig-Larena
- Homeostasis de Tejidos y Órganos, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Mittelbrunn
- Homeostasis de Tejidos y Órganos, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Targets of autoantibodies in acquired hemophilia A are not restricted to factor VIII: data from the GTH-AH 01/2010 study. Blood Adv 2022; 7:122-130. [PMID: 35947142 PMCID: PMC9830154 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The root cause of autoantibody formation against factor VIII (FVIII) in acquired hemophilia A (AHA) remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether AHA is exclusively associated with autoantibodies toward FVIII or whether patients also produce increased levels of autoantibodies against other targets. A case-control study was performed enrolling patients with AHA and age-matched controls. Human epithelial cell (HEp-2) immunofluorescence was applied to screen for antinuclear (ANA) and anticytoplasmic autoantibodies. Screening for autoantibodies against extractable nuclear antigens was performed by enzyme immunoassay detecting SS-A/Ro, SS-B/La, U1RNP, Scl-70, Jo-1, centromere B, Sm, double-stranded DNA, and α-fodrin (AF). Patients with AHA were more often positive for ANA than control patients (64% vs 30%; odds ratio [OR] 4.02, 1.98-8.18) and had higher ANA titers detected than controls. Cytoplasmic autoantibodies and anti-AF immunoglobulin A autoantibodies were also more frequent in patients with AHA compared with controls. Autoantibodies against any target other than FVIII were found in 78% of patients with AHA compared with 46% of controls (OR 4.16, 1.98-8.39). Results were similar preforming sensitivity analyses (excluding either subjects with autoimmune disorders, cancer, pregnancy, or immunosuppressive medication at baseline) and in multivariable binary logistic regression. To exclude that autoantibody staining was merely a result of cross-reactivity of anti-FVIII autoantibodies, we tested a mix of 7 well-characterized monoclonal anti-FVIII antibodies. These antibodies did not stain HEp-2 cells used for ANA detection. In conclusion, a diverse pattern of autoantibodies is associated with AHA, suggesting that a more general breakdown of immune tolerance might be involved in its pathology.
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Yero A, Shi T, Routy JP, Tremblay C, Durand M, Costiniuk CT, Jenabian MA. FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells in acute HIV infection and following early antiretroviral therapy initiation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:962912. [PMID: 35967314 PMCID: PMC9372390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.962912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesBesides CD4 regulatory T-cells (Tregs), immunosuppressor FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells are emerging as an important subset of Tregs, which contribute to immune dysfunction and disease progression in HIV infection. However, FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell dynamics in acute HIV infection and following early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation remain understudied.MethodsSubsets of FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells were characterized both prospectively and cross-sectionally in PBMCs from untreated acute (n=26) and chronic (n=10) HIV-infected individuals, early ART-treated in acute infection (n=10, median of ART initiation: 5.5 months post-infection), ART-treated in chronic infection (n=10), elite controllers (n=18), and HIV-uninfected controls (n=21).ResultsAcute and chronic infection were associated with increased total, effector memory, and terminally differentiated FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells, while early ART normalized only the frequencies of total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells. We observed an increase in FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell immune activation (HLADR+/CD38+), senescence (CD57+/CD28-), and PD-1 expression during acute and chronic infection, which were not normalized by early ART. FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells in untreated participants expressed higher levels of immunosuppressive LAP(TGF-β1) and CD39 than uninfected controls, whereas early ART did not affect their expression. The expression of gut-homing markers CCR9 and Integrin-β7 by total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells and CD39+ and LAP(TGF-β1)+ FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells increased in untreated individuals and remained higher than in uninfected controls despite early ART. Elite controllers share most of the FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell characteristics in uninfected individuals.ConclusionsAlthough early ART normalized total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells frequencies, it did not affect the persistent elevation of the gut-homing potential of CD39+ and LAP(TGF-β1)+ FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell, which may contribute to immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Yero
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Glen Site, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Madeleine Durand
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecilia T. Costiniuk
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Glen Site, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mohammad-Ali Jenabian,
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Toma G, Lemnian IM, Karapetian E, Grosse I, Seliger B. Transcriptional Analysis of Total CD8 + T Cells and CD8 +CD45RA - Memory T Cells From Young and Old Healthy Blood Donors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:806906. [PMID: 35154123 PMCID: PMC8829550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.806906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory CD8+ T cells accumulate with aging, while the naïve T cell compartment decreases, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections and a decreased vaccine efficiency. To get deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms, this study aims to determine the age-dependent expression profile of total versus memory CD8+ T cells from young and old donors. Total CD8+ and CD8+CD45RA- memory T cells isolated from young (<30 years) and old (>60 years) donors were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 48h before analyzing the cytokine secretion and activation markers by flow cytometry and changes in the expression profiles using RNA sequencing. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analyses were performed for up-regulated and uniquely expressed transcripts identified in the T cell populations of both age groups. Total and memory CD8+ T cells from old donors expressed significantly higher CD25 levels and have an increased cytokine secretion. While approximately 1,500 up-regulated transcripts were identified in all groups, CD8+CD45RA- memory T cells of old donors had approximately 500 more uniquely expressed transcripts. Four GO terms related to the JAK-STAT pathway were identified for up-regulated transcripts in the total CD8+ T cells of old donors, whereas CD8+CD45RA- memory T cells GO terms related to adjacent pathways, like JNK and MAPK/ERK, were found. Additionally, the unique transcripts of CD8+CD45RA- memory T cells of old donors were related to the JNK, MAPK and IL-12 pathways. For both T cell populations of the old donors, cytokine and JAK-STAT pathway transcripts were up-regulated. Thus, an age-dependent effect was observed on the transcriptomes of total and memory CD8+ T cells. The CD8+ CD45RA- memory T cells from old donors maintained the increased cytokine secretion of the total CD8+ T cell population and the increased JAK-STAT pathway transcripts, which have an impact on inflammation and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Toma
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Ioana Maria Lemnian
- Institute for Computer Science, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,Institute for Human Genetics, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Eliza Karapetian
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Ivo Grosse
- Institute for Computer Science, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,Department for Therapeutics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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6
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CD161 expression defines new human γδ T cell subsets. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2022; 19:11. [PMID: 35193613 PMCID: PMC8862246 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstractγδ T cells are a highly versatile immune lineage involved in host defense and homeostasis, but questions remain around their heterogeneity, precise function and role during health and disease. We used multi−parametric flow cytometry, dimensionality reduction, unsupervised clustering, and self-organizing maps (SOM) to identify novel γδ T cell naïve/memory subsets chiefly defined by CD161 expression levels, a surface membrane receptor that can be activating or suppressive. We used middle-to-old age individuals given immune blockade is commonly used in this population. Whilst most Vδ1+subset cells exhibited a terminal differentiation phenotype, Vδ1− subset cells showed an early memory phenotype. Dimensionality reduction revealed eight γδ T cell clusters chiefly diverging through CD161 expression with CD4 and CD8 expression limited to specific subpopulations. Comparison of matched healthy elderly individuals to bronchiectasis patients revealed elevated Vδ1+ terminally differentiated effector memory cells in patients potentially linking this population with chronic proinflammatory disease.
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7
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Zheng Y, Han L, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhou B, Hu R, Chen S, Xiao H, Ma Y, Xie G, Yang J, Ding X, Shen L. PD-L1+CD8+ T cells enrichment in lung cancer exerted regulatory function and tumor-promoting tolerance. iScience 2022; 25:103785. [PMID: 35146396 PMCID: PMC8819393 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeting checkpoint blockade to rescue T cells from exhaustion has become an essential therapeutic strategy in treating cancers. Till now, little is known about the PD-L1 graphic pattern and characteristics in CD8+ T cells. We combined cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) approaches to analyze CD8+ T cells from primary lung cancers and discovered that PD-L1+CD8+ T cells were enriched in tumor lesions, spatially localized with PD-1+CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, PD-L1+CD8+ T cells exerted regulatory functions that inhibited CD8+ T cells proliferation and cytotoxic abilities through the PD-L1/PD-1 axis. Moreover, tumor-derived IL-27 promotes PD-L1+CD8+ T cells development through STAT1/STAT3 signaling. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis further clarified PD-L1+CD8+ T cells elevated in the components related to downregulation of adaptive immune response. Collectively, our data demonstrated that PD-L1+CD8+ T cells enriched in lung cancer engaged in tolerogenic effects and may become a therapeutic target in lung cancer. CyTOF and IMC revealed PD-L1+CD8+ T cells were enriched in human lung cancer PD-L1+CD8+ T cells inhibited CD8+ T cells function through PD-1/PD-L1 axis IL27 promoted PD-L1+CD8 T cells development through STAT1/STAT3 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Li Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zheyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haibo Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junyao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Xin Hua Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Corresponding author
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Ko A, Coward VS, Gokgoz N, Dickson BC, Tsoi K, Wunder JS, Andrulis IL. Investigating the Potential of Isolating and Expanding Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes from Adult Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:548. [PMID: 35158816 PMCID: PMC8833772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal neoplasms, many of which are associated with a high risk of metastasis and poor prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapies have varying effects across individuals and tumour subtypes. The current therapies frequently provide limited clinical benefit; hence, more effective treatments are urgently needed. Recent advances in immunotherapy, such as checkpoint inhibition or adoptive cell therapy (ACT), show potential in increasing efficacy by providing a more personalized treatment. Therapy with tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is an emerging field in immunotherapy. Here, we collected 190 sarcoma tumour specimens from patients without pre-operative adjuvant treatment in order to isolate TILs. We compared different methods of TIL expansion and optimized a protocol specifically for efficacy in culturing TILs from sarcoma. The expanded TIL populations were characterized by flow cytometry analysis using CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD19 and CD56 markers. The TIL populations were non-specifically stimulated to establish TIL reactivity. Through an optimized expansion protocol, TILs were isolated and cultured from 54 of 92 primary sarcoma specimens. The isolated TILs varied in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell compositions and retained their ability to release IFNγ upon stimulation. Our results suggest that certain sarcoma subtypes have the potential to yield a sufficient number of TILs for TIL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (B.C.D.); (I.L.A.)
| | - Victoria S. Coward
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Nalan Gokgoz
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (N.G.); (J.S.W.)
| | - Brendan C. Dickson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (B.C.D.); (I.L.A.)
- University of Toronto Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Kim Tsoi
- University of Toronto Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Jay S. Wunder
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (N.G.); (J.S.W.)
- University of Toronto Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (B.C.D.); (I.L.A.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (N.G.); (J.S.W.)
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9
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Kazem N, Hofer F, Koller L, Hammer A, Hofbauer TM, Hengstenberg C, Niessner A, Sulzgruber P. The age-specific prognostic impact of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on long-term outcome after acute coronary syndrome. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2022; 2:oeab031. [PMID: 35919656 PMCID: PMC9242036 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims Personalized risk stratification within the ageing society after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains scarce but in urgent need. Increased platelet activity together with inflammatory activation play a key role during ACS. We aimed to evaluate the age-specific prognostic potential of the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) on long-term cardiovascular mortality after ACS. Methods and results Patients presenting with ACS admitted to the Vienna General Hospital between December 1996 and January 2010 were enrolled within a clinical registry including assessment of peripheral blood samples. The impact of the PLR on survival was assessed by Cox-regression hazard analysis. We included a total of 681 patients with a median age of 64 years (interquartile range: 45–84). Two hundred (29.4%) individuals died during the median follow-up time of 8.5 years. A strong and independent association of the PLR with cardiovascular mortality was found in the total study population [adjusted (adj.) hazard ratio (HR) per 1 standard deviation (1 SD) of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.03–1.10); P < 0.001]. After stratification in individuals <65 years (n = 339) and ≥65 years (n = 342), a prognostic effect of the PLR on cardiovascular mortality was solely observed in elderly patients ≥65 years [adj. HR per 1 SD of 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00–1.08); P = 0.039], but not in their younger counterparts <65 years [adj. HR per 1 SD of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.83–1.14); P = 0.901]. Conclusion The present investigation highlights a strong and independent age-specific association of the PLR with cardiovascular mortality in patients with ACS. The PLR only allows to identify patients ≥65 years at high risk for fatal events after ACS—even from a long-term perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niema Kazem
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Hofer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Koller
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Hammer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Hofbauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Niessner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Sulzgruber
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna , Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Papp G, Szabó K, Jámbor I, Mile M, Berki AR, Arany AC, Makra G, Szodoray P, Csiki Z, Balogh L. Regular Exercise May Restore Certain Age-Related Alterations of Adaptive Immunity and Rebalance Immune Regulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639308. [PMID: 33936054 PMCID: PMC8085426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes of the immune system lead to an increased morbidity and mortality due to enhanced vulnerability to infectious diseases and malignancies. Recent studies revealed the important effects of physical activity on immune functions, which may largely depend on the type of exercise, its intensity and duration. However, limited information is available regarding the immunological effects of sport activities in older ages. The aim of our study was to examine the changes in a wide spectrum of lymphocyte subtypes after regular workout among healthy elderly individuals. We enrolled 29 elderly women with sedentary lifestyle (mean age: 67.03 ± 3.74 years) to take part in a 6-week long functional conditioning gymnastic exercise program. The percentages of peripheral natural killer (NK), NKT cells, T and B lymphocyte subtypes (early-/late-activated T, naïve and memory T, cytotoxic T (Tc), T-helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17, T regulatory type 1 (Tr1), CD4+CD127lo/-CD25bright Treg, as well as naïve and memory B cells) were determined by flow cytometry. Evaluation of the changes in functional capability of Treg cells was based on in vitro functional assays. At the end of exercise program, in parallel with improvements in body composition and physical performance, significant changes in naïve and memory lymphocyte ratios were observed. Importantly, levels of naïve Tc cells elevated, ratios of effector memory Tc cells decreased and distribution of memory B cells rearranged as well. Additionally, proportions of late-activated HLA-DR+ T cells increased, while percentages of anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 producing Tr1 cells, as well as immunosuppressive CD4+CD127lo/-CD25bright Treg cells decreased following the exercise workout. Changes observed after the regular exercise program indicate an improvement in the age-related redistribution of certain naïve and memory cell proportions and a retuned immune regulation in older ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Papp
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Szabó
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ilona Jámbor
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marianna Mile
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Réka Berki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Gabriella Makra
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Peter Szodoray
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zoltán Csiki
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Balogh
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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11
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Rocamora-Reverte L, Melzer FL, Würzner R, Weinberger B. The Complex Role of Regulatory T Cells in Immunity and Aging. Front Immunol 2021; 11:616949. [PMID: 33584708 PMCID: PMC7873351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.616949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is a tightly regulated network which allows the development of defense mechanisms against foreign antigens and tolerance toward self-antigens. Regulatory T cells (Treg) contribute to immune homeostasis by maintaining unresponsiveness to self-antigens and suppressing exaggerated immune responses. Dysregulation of any of these processes can lead to serious consequences. Classically, Treg cell functions have been described in CD4+ T cells, but other immune cells also harbour the capacity to modulate immune responses. Regulatory functions have been described for different CD8+ T cell subsets, as well as other T cells such as γδT cells or NKT cells. In this review we describe the diverse populations of Treg cells and their role in different scenarios. Special attention is paid to the aging process, which is characterized by an altered composition of immune cells. Treg cells can contribute to the development of various age-related diseases but they are poorly characterized in aged individuals. The huge diversity of cells that display immune modulatory functions and the lack of universal markers to identify Treg make the expanding field of Treg research complex and challenging. There are still many open questions that need to be answered to solve the enigma of regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Rocamora-Reverte
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franz Leonard Melzer
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reinhard Würzner
- Institute of Hygiene & Medical Microbiology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Weinberger
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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12
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Hannikainen PA, Kosa P, Barbour C, Bielekova B. Extensive Healthy Donor Age/Gender Adjustments and Propensity Score Matching Reveal Physiology of Multiple Sclerosis Through Immunophenotyping. Front Neurol 2020; 11:565957. [PMID: 33329307 PMCID: PMC7732581 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.565957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying cell subpopulations in biological fluids aids in diagnosis and understanding of the mechanisms of injury. Although much has been learned from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow cytometry in neuroimmunological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), previous studies did not contain enough healthy donors (HD) to derive age- and gender-related normative data and sufficient heterogeneity of other inflammatory neurological disease (OIND) controls to identify MS specific changes. The goals of this blinded training and validation study of MS patients and embedded controls, representing 1,240 prospectively acquired paired CSF/blood samples from 588 subjects was (1) to define physiological age-/gender-related changes in CSF cells, (2) to define/validate cellular abnormalities in blood and CSF of untreated MS through disease duration (DD) and determine which are MS-specific, and (3) to compare effect(s) of low-efficacy (i.e., interferon-beta [IFN-beta] and glatiramer acetate [GA]) and high-efficacy drugs (i.e., natalizumab, daclizumab, and ocrelizumab) on MS-related cellular abnormalities using propensity score matching. Physiological gender differences are less pronounced in the CSF compared to blood, and age-related changes suggest decreased immunosurveillance of CNS by activated HLA-DR+T cells associated with natural aging. Results from patient samples support the concept of MS being immunologically single disease evolving in time. Initially, peripherally activated innate and adaptive immune cells migrate into CSF to form MS lesions. With progression, T cells (CD8+ > CD4+), NK cells, and myeloid dendritic cells are depleted from blood as they continue to accumulate, together with B cells, in the CSF and migrate to CNS tissue, forming compartmentalized inflammation. All MS drugs inhibit non-physiological accumulation of immune cells in the CSF. Although low-efficacy drugs tend to normalize it, high-efficacy drugs overshoot some aspects of CSF physiology, suggesting impairment of CNS immunosurveillance. Comparable inhibition of MS-related CSF abnormalities advocates changes within CNS parenchyma responsible for differences in drug efficacy on MS disability progression. Video summarizing all results may become useful educational tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bibiana Bielekova
- Neuroimmunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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13
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Tang G, Yuan X, Luo Y, Lin Q, Chen Z, Xing X, Song H, Wu S, Hou H, Yu J, Mao L, Liu W, Wang F, Sun Z. Establishing immune scoring model based on combination of the number, function, and phenotype of lymphocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9328-9343. [PMID: 32396527 PMCID: PMC7288950 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Quantitatively assessing host immunity remains a challenge in clinical practice. Results: Most parameters in lymphocyte number, function and phenotype were correlated with age. The reference ranges of these parameters were established in four age groups (children, adolescents, adults, and elders). The numbers of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, but not NK cells, were negatively correlated with age. However, the function of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells was positively correlated with age. The expression of CD28 on T cells gradually decreased with increasing age and was negatively correlated with their function. An opposite phenomenon was observed in the expressions of HLA-DR and CD45RO on T cells. An immune scoring model was established by using 8 parameters (CD4+ T cell number × function, CD28+CD4+ T cell number, HLA-DR+CD4+ T cell number, CD45RO+CD4+ T cell number, CD8+ T cell number × function, CD28+CD8+ T cell number, HLA-DR+CD8+ T cell number, NK cell number × function) from the results of lymphocyte number, function, and phenotype. This immune scoring model showed sensitivities of 70% and 71.4% in determining hyper-immune and hypo-immune status, respectively. Conclusions: An immune scoring model based on combination of lymphocyte number, function, and phenotype shows potential value in quantitatively assessing host immunity. Methods: 261 healthy individuals aged 1 to 82 years were recruited from Tongji Hospital. The number, function, and phenotype of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells were simultaneously determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhishui Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiji Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liyan Mao
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnosis, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Weiyong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyong Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Pangrazzi L, Reidla J, Carmona Arana JA, Naismith E, Miggitsch C, Meryk A, Keller M, Krause AAN, Melzer FL, Trieb K, Schirmer M, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Weinberger B. CD28 and CD57 define four populations with distinct phenotypic properties within human CD8 + T cells. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:363-379. [PMID: 31755098 PMCID: PMC7079235 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
After repeated antigen exposure, both memory and terminally differentiated cells can be generated within CD8+ T cells. Although, during their differentiation, activated CD8+ T cells may first lose CD28, and CD28- cells may eventually express CD57 as a subsequent step, a population of CD28+ CD57+ (DP) CD8+ T cells can be identified in the peripheral blood. How this population is distinct from CD28- CD57- (DN) CD8+ T cells, and from the better characterized non-activated/early-activated CD28+ CD57- and senescent-like CD28- CD57+ CD8+ T cell subsets is currently unknown. Here, RNA expression of the four CD8+ T cell subsets isolated from human PBMCs was analyzed using microarrays. DN cells were more similar to "early" highly differentiated cells, with decreased TNF and IFN-γ production, impaired DNA damage response and apoptosis. Conversely, increased apoptosis and expression of cytokines, co-inhibitory, and chemokine receptors were found in DP cells. Higher levels of DP CD8+ T cells were observed 7 days after Hepatitis B vaccination, and decreased levels of DP cells were found in rheumatoid arthritis patients. More DP and DN CD8+ T cells were present in the bone marrow, in comparison with PBMCs. In summary, our results indicate that DP and DN cells are distinct CD8+ T cell subsets displaying defined properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pangrazzi
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jürgen Reidla
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - José Antonio Carmona Arana
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erin Naismith
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carina Miggitsch
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Meryk
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Keller
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Adelheid Alma Nora Krause
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franz Leonard Melzer
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klemens Trieb
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, Grieskirchnerstrasse 42, Wels, Austria
| | - Michael Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Weinberger
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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Di Blasi D, Boldanova T, Mori L, Terracciano L, Heim MH, De Libero G. Unique T-Cell Populations Define Immune-Inflamed Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 9:195-218. [PMID: 31445190 PMCID: PMC6957799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The characterization of T cells infiltrating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provides information on cancer immunity and also on selection of patients with precise indication of immunotherapy. The aim of the study was to characterize T-cell populations within tumor tissue and compare them with non-neoplastic liver tissue as well as circulating cells of the same patients. METHODS The presence of unique cell populations was investigated in 36 HCC patients by multidimensional flow cytometry followed by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding analysis. Functional activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells was determined after activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin. RESULTS Within the tumor there were more cells expressing CD137 and ICOS than in non-neoplastic liver tissue, possibly after recent antigenic activation. These cells contained several populations, including the following: (1) functionally impaired, proliferating CD4+ cells co-expressing Inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) and T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT); (2) functionally active CD8+ cells co-expressing CD38 and Programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD1); and (3) CD4-CD8 double-negative T-cell receptor αβ and γδ cells (both non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cells). When the identified clusters were compared with histologic classification performed on the same samples, an accumulation of activated T cells was observed in immune-inflamed HCC. The same analyses performed in 7 patients receiving nivolumab treatment showed a remarkable reduction in the functionally impaired CD4+ cells, which returned to almost normal activity over time. CONCLUSIONS Unique populations of activated T cells are present in HCC tissue, whose antigen specificity remains to be investigated. Some of these cell populations are functionally impaired and nivolumab treatment restores their responsiveness. The finding of ongoing immune response within the tumor shows which lymphocyte populations are impaired within the HCC and identifies the patients who might take benefit from immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Di Blasi
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland,Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tujana Boldanova
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Mori
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Institute of Pathology, Division of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus H. Heim
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Gennaro De Libero, MD, or Markus H. Heim, MD, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. fax: +41 61 265 23 50.
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Gennaro De Libero, MD, or Markus H. Heim, MD, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. fax: +41 61 265 23 50.
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16
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Ao C, Zeng K. The role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapy of human papillomavirus-related diseases, especially in cancer. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:406-413. [PMID: 30172014 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent in the world. It can cause condyloma acuminatum, anogenital malignancies, and head and neck cancers. The host immune responses to HPV involve multiple cell types that have regulatory functions, and HPV-mediated changes to regulatory T cells (Tregs) in both the local lesion tissues and the circulatory system of patients have received considerable attention. The role of Tregs in HPV infections ranges from suppression of effector T cell (Teff) responses to protection of tissues from immune-mediated injury in different anatomic subsites. In this review, we explore the influence of Tregs in the immunopathology of HPV-related diseases and therapies targeting Tregs as novel approaches against HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Ao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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