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Kaminski A, Hager FT, Kopplin L, Ticconi F, Leufgen A, Vendelova E, Rüttger L, Gasteiger G, Cerovic V, Kastenmüller W, Pabst O, Ugur M. Resident regulatory T cells reflect the immune history of individual lymph nodes. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadj5789. [PMID: 37874251 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are present in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues where they restrict immune activation, prevent autoimmunity, and regulate inflammation. Tregs in nonlymphoid tissues are typically resident, whereas those in lymph nodes (LNs) are considered to recirculate. However, Tregs in LNs are not a homogenous population, and circulation kinetics of different Treg subsets are poorly characterized. Furthermore, whether Tregs can acquire memory T cell properties and persist for extended periods after their activation in LNs is unclear. Here, we used in situ labeling with a stabilized photoconvertible protein to uncover turnover rates of Tregs in LNs in vivo. We found that, whereas most Tregs in LNs recirculate, 10 to 20% are memory-like resident cells that remain in their respective LNs for weeks to months. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that LN-resident cells are a functionally and ontogenetically heterogeneous population and share the same core residency gene signature with conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Resident cells in LNs did not actively proliferate and did not require continuous T cell receptor (TCR) signaling for their residency. However, resident and circulating Tregs had distinct TCR repertoires, and each LN contained exclusive clonal subpopulations of resident Tregs. Our results demonstrate that, similar to conventional T cells, Tregs can form resident memory-like populations in LNs after adaptive immune responses. Specific and local suppression of immune responses by resident Tregs in draining LNs might provide previously unidentified therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of local chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kaminski
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Fabian Tobias Hager
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Lydia Kopplin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Fabio Ticconi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Andrea Leufgen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Emilia Vendelova
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Lennart Rüttger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Vuk Cerovic
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Milas Ugur
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
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Schaller T, Ringen J, Fischer B, Bieler T, Perius K, Knopp T, Kommoss KS, Korn T, Heikenwälder M, Oelze M, Daiber A, Münzel T, Kramer D, Wenzel P, Wild J, Karbach S, Waisman A. Reactive oxygen species produced by myeloid cells in psoriasis as a potential biofactor contributing to the development of vascular inflammation. Biofactors 2023; 49:861-874. [PMID: 37139784 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease driven by interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. We used a severe psoriasis mouse model of keratinocyte IL-17A overexpression (K14-IL-17Aind/+ , IL-17Aind/+ control mice) to investigate the activity of neutrophils and a potential cellular interconnection between skin and vasculature. Levels of dermal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their release by neutrophils were measured by lucigenin-/luminol-based assays, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR determined neutrophilic activity and inflammation-related markers in skin and aorta. To track skin-derived immune cells, we used PhAM-K14-IL-17Aind/+ mice allowing us to mark all cells in the skin by photoconversion of a fluorescent protein to analyze their migration into spleen, aorta, and lymph nodes by flow cytometry. Compared to controls, K14-IL-17Aind/+ mice exhibited elevated ROS levels in the skin and a higher neutrophilic oxidative burst accompanied by the upregulation of several activation markers. In line with these results psoriatic mice displayed elevated expression of genes involved in neutrophil migration (e.g., Cxcl2 and S100a9) in skin and aorta. However, no direct immune cell migration from the psoriatic skin into the aortic vessel wall was observed. Neutrophils of psoriatic mice showed an activated phenotype, but no direct cellular migration from the skin to the vasculature was observed. This suggests that highly active vasculature-invading neutrophils must originate directly from the bone marrow. Hence, the skin-vasculature crosstalk in psoriasis is most likely based on the systemic effects of the autoimmune skin disease, emphasizing the importance of a systemic therapeutic approach for psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Schaller
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Ringen
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Berenice Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tabea Bieler
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Perius
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Knopp
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina S Kommoss
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- The M3 Research Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Wild
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) - Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Longitudinal proliferation mapping in vivo reveals NADPH oxidase-mediated dampening of Staphylococcus aureus growth rates within neutrophils. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5703. [PMID: 30952906 PMCID: PMC6450975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon the onset of inflammatory responses, bacterial pathogens are confronted with altered tissue microenvironments which can critically impact on their metabolic activity and growth. Changes in these parameters have however remained difficult to analyze over time, which would be critical to dissect the interplay between the host immune response and pathogen physiology. Here, we established an in vivo biosensor for measuring the growth rates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) on a single cell-level over days in an ongoing cutaneous infection. Using intravital 2-photon imaging and quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we show that upon neutrophil recruitment to the infection site and bacterial uptake, non-lethal dampening of S. aureus proliferation occurred. This inhibition was supported by NADPH oxidase activity. Therefore, reactive oxygen production contributes to pathogen containment within neutrophils not only by killing S. aureus, but also by restricting the growth rate of the bacterium.
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