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Bhat MA, Usman I, Dhaneshwar S. Application of Drug Repurposing Approach for Therapeutic Intervention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2024; 19:234-249. [PMID: 37859409 DOI: 10.2174/0127724328245156231008154045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain, cramping, loss of appetite, fatigue, diarrhoea, and weight loss. Although the etiology of IBD remains unclear, it is believed to be an interaction between genes, and environmental factors, such as an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, changing food habits, an ultra-hygiene environment, and an inappropriate immune system. The development of novel effective therapies is stymied by a lack of understanding of the aetiology of IBD. The current therapy involves the use of aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids that can effectively manage symptoms, induce and sustain remission, prevent complications, modify the course of the disease, provide diverse treatment options, showcase advancements in biologic therapies, and enhance the overall quality of life. However, the efficacy of current therapy is overshadowed by a plethora of adverse effects, such as loss of weight, mood swings, skin issues, loss of bone density, higher vulnerability to infections, and elevated blood pressure. Biologicals, like anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, can stimulate an autoimmune response in certain individuals that may diminish the effectiveness of the medication over time, necessitating a switch to alternative treatments. The response of IBD patients to current drug therapy is quite varied, which can lead to disease flares that underlines the urgent need to explore alternative treatment option to address the unmet need of developing new treatment strategies for IBD with high efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Drug repurposing is a novel strategy where existing drugs that have already been validated safe in patients for the management of certain diseases are redeployed to treat other, unindicated diseases. The present narrative review focuses on potential drug candidates that could be repurposed for the management of IBD using on-target and off-target strategies. It covers their preclinical, clinical assessment, mechanism of action, and safety profiles, and forecasts their appropriateness in the management of IBD. The review presents useful insights into the most promising candidates for repurposing, like anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic troxerutin, which has been found to improve the DSS-induced colitis in rats, an antiosteoarthritic drug diacetylrhein that has been found to have remarkable ameliorating effects on DSS-induced colitis via anti-oxidant and anti- inflammatory properties and by influencing both apoptosis and pyroptosis. Topiramate, an antiepileptic and anticonvulsant drug, has remarkably decreased overall pathophysiological and histopathological events in the experimental model of IBD in rodents by its cytokine inhibitory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aadil Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, UP, Noida, India
| | - Iqra Usman
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, UP, Noida, India
| | - Suneela Dhaneshwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Li D, Xie T, Guo T, Hu Z, Li M, Tang Y, Wu Q, Luo F, Lin Q, Wang H. Sialic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effect through inhibiting MAPK-NF-κB/AP-1 pathway and apoptosis in ulcerative colitis. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Verta R, Gurrieri M, Borga S, Benetti E, Pollicino P, Cavalli R, Thurmond RL, Chazot PL, Pini A, Rosa AC, Grange C. The Interplay between Histamine H 4 Receptor and the Kidney Function: The Lesson from H 4 Receptor Knockout Mice. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101517. [PMID: 34680152 PMCID: PMC8533779 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies implicated the histamine H4 receptor in renal pathophysiology. The aim here is to elucidate the role of this receptor on renal function using H4 receptor knockout mice (H4R-/-). Healthy and diabetic H4R-/- mice compared to their C57BL/6J wild-type counterpart for renal function and the expression of crucial tubular proteins. H4R-/- and wild-type mice, matched for ages, showed comparable weight gain curves reaching similar median weight at the end of the study. However, H4R-/- mice displayed a higher basal glycemia. H4R-/- mice showed a lower urine 24 h outflow, and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) compared to wild-type mice. Consistently, H4R-/- mice presented a higher expression of megalin and a lower basal expression of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger (NHE)3 and aquaporin (AQP)2. According to these basal differences, diabetic H4R-/- mice developed more severe hyperglycemia and a higher 24 h urine volume, but a lower increase in ACR and decrease in urine pH were observed. These events were paralleled by a reduced NHE3 over-expression and megalin loss in diabetic H4R-/- mice. The AQP1 and AQP7 patterns were also different between H4R-/- and wild-type diabetic mice. The collected results highlight the role of the histamine H4 receptor in the control of renal reabsorption processes, particularly albumin uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Verta
- Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Maura Gurrieri
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (S.B.); (E.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Sara Borga
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (S.B.); (E.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Elisa Benetti
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (S.B.); (E.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Paolo Pollicino
- Direzione Ricerca e Terza Missione, University of Turin, Via Bogino 9 Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy;
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (S.B.); (E.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Robin L. Thurmond
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
| | - Paul L. Chazot
- Department of Biosciences and Wolfson Research Institute, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (S.B.); (E.B.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-6707955
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy;
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The Function of the Histamine H4 Receptor in Inflammatory and Inflammation-Associated Diseases of the Gut. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116116. [PMID: 34204101 PMCID: PMC8200986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a pleiotropic mediator involved in a broad spectrum of (patho)-physiological processes, one of which is the regulation of inflammation. Compounds acting on three out of the four known histamine receptors are approved for clinical use. These approved compounds comprise histamine H1-receptor (H1R) antagonists, which are used to control allergic inflammation, antagonists at H2R, which therapeutically decrease gastric acid release, and an antagonist at H3R, which is indicated to treat narcolepsy. Ligands at H4R are still being tested pre-clinically and in clinical trials of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, dermatitis, and psoriasis. These trials, however, documented only moderate beneficial effects of H4R ligands so far. Nevertheless, pre-clinically, H4R still is subject of ongoing research, analyzing various inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune diseases. During inflammatory reactions in gut tissues, histamine concentrations rise in affected areas, indicating its possible biological effect. Indeed, in histamine-deficient mice experimentally induced inflammation of the gut is reduced in comparison to that in histamine-competent mice. However, antagonists at H1R, H2R, and H3R do not provide an effect on inflammation, supporting the idea that H4R is responsible for the histamine effects. In the present review, we discuss the involvement of histamine and H4R in inflammatory and inflammation-associated diseases of the gut.
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Wang X, Gao Y, Wang L, Yang D, Bu W, Gou L, Huang J, Duan X, Pan Y, Cao S, Gao Z, Cheng C, Feng Z, Xie J, Yao R. Troxerutin Improves Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2729-2744. [PMID: 33621077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Screening potential compounds for improving ulcerative colitis (UC) from clinical medication is an effective strategy for drug repurposing. We applied bioinformatics and network pharmacology to the drug screening process in this study, which helped us to screen out troxerutin that could improve UC. Troxerutin belongs to flavonoids and is used clinically as an anticoagulant and thrombolytic agent. This study found a new pharmacological activity of troxerutin, that is, it had a significant improvement effect on UC in mice. Experimental results of in vitro and in vivo levels showed that troxerutin could effectively reduce the level of oxidative stress that caused damages in intestinal epithelial cells and colonic tissue, maintain the distribution and expression of tight junction-related proteins, and protect the barrier function of colon tissue. In addition to the oxidative stress, severe inflammatory response is also an important pathological factor that aggravates UC. However, troxerutin could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon tissue and decrease the expression of inflammation-related proteins and proinflammatory cytokines. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, troxerutin inhibited the process of cell apoptosis in the colon tissue and relieved the degree of colonic fibrosis. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the ameliorating effect of troxerutin on UC was probably related to its network regulation of signaling pathways. In summary, we discovered a new pharmacological activity of the flavonoid troxerutin against UC, which is conducive to the expansion and application of flavonoids in the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuzhi Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Bu
- Institute of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingshan Gou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyue Duan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Feng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
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Miyajima M. Amino acids: key sources for immunometabolites and immunotransmitters. Int Immunol 2020; 32:435-446. [PMID: 32383454 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-cell activation and functional plasticity are closely linked to metabolic reprogramming that is required to supply the energy and substrates for such dynamic transformations. During such processes, immune cells metabolize many kinds of molecules including nucleic acids, sugars and lipids, which is called immunometabolism. This review will mainly focus on amino acids and their derivatives among such metabolites and describe the functions of these molecules in the immune system. Although amino acids are essential for, and well known as, substrates for protein synthesis, they are also metabolized as energy sources and as substrates for functional catabolites. For example, glutamine is metabolized to produce energy through glutaminolysis and tryptophan is consumed to supply nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, whereas arginine is metabolized to produce nitric acid and polyamine by nitric oxide synthase and arginase, respectively. In addition, serine is catabolized to produce nucleotides and to induce methylation reactions. Furthermore, in addition to their intracellular functions, amino acids and their derivatives are secreted and have extracellular functions as immunotransmitters. Many amino acids and their derivatives have been classified as neurotransmitters and their functions are clear as transmitters between nerve cells, or between nerve cells and immune cells, functioning as immunotransmitters. Thus, this review will describe the intracellular and external functions of amino acid from the perspective of immunometabolism and immunotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Miyajima
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Schirmer B, Rother T, Bruesch I, Bleich A, Werlein C, Jonigk D, Seifert R, Neumann D. Genetic Deficiency of the Histamine H 4-Receptor Reduces Experimental Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040912. [PMID: 32276475 PMCID: PMC7226035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a severe complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, is a common type of cancer and accounts for high mortality. CRC can be modeled in mice by application of the tumor promoter, azoxymethane (AOM), in combination with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), which are able to induce colitis-like manifestations. Active colitis correlates with high mucosal concentrations of histamine, which, together with the histamine receptor subtype 4 (H4R), provide a pro-inflammatory function in a mouse colitis model. Here, we analyzed whether H4R is involved in the pathogenesis of AOM/DSS-induced CRC in mice. As compared to wild type (WT) mice, AOM/DSS-treated mice lacking H4R expression (TM) demonstrate ameliorated signs of CRC, i.e., significantly reduced loss of body weight, stiffer stool consistency, and less severe perianal bleeding. Importantly, numbers and diameters of tumors and the degree of colonic inflammation are dramatically reduced in TM mice as compared to WT mice. This is concomitant with a reduced colonic inflammatory response involving expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and the production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXCL2. We conclude that H4R is involved in the tumorigenesis of chemically-induced CRC in mice via cyclooxygenase 2 expression and, probably, CXCL1 and CXCL2 as effector molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schirmer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tamina Rother
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Partner site BREATH, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Bruesch
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Bleich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher Werlein
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlef Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-4082
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Schirmer B, Lindemann L, Bittkau KS, Isaev R, Bösche D, Juchem M, Seifert R, Neumann D. Mouse Colonic Epithelial Cells Functionally Express the Histamine H 4 Receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:167-174. [PMID: 32029576 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that, in mice, histamine via the histamine receptor subtype 4 (H4R) on colon epithelial cells affects epithelial barrier integrity, perturbing physiologic function of the colonic mucosa and thus aggravating the severity of colitis. To test this hypothesis, bone marrow-chimeric mice were generated from H4R knockout (H4R-/-) and wild-type (WT) BALB/cJ mice and subjected to the dextrane sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis model. Clinical symptoms and pathohistological derangements were scored. Additionally, total RNA was extracted from either mouse whole-colon homogenates or primary cell preparations enriched for epithelial cells, and gene expression was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The impact of the H4R on epithelial barrier function was assessed by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistence of organoid-derived two-dimensional monolayers from H4R-/- and WT mice using chopstick electrodes. Bone marrow-chimeric mice with genetic depletion of the H4R in nonhematopoietic cells exhibited less severe DSS-induced acute colitis symptoms compared with WT mice, indicating a functional proinflammatory expression of H4R in nonimmune cells of the colon. Analysis of H4R expression revealed the presence of H4R mRNA in colon epithelial cells. This expression could be confirmed and complemented by functional analyses in organoid-derived epithelial cell monolayers. Thus, we conclude that the H4R is functionally expressed in mouse colon epithelial cells, potentially modulating mucosal barrier integrity and intestinal inflammatory reactions, as was demonstrated in the DSS-induced colitis model, in which presence of the H4R on nonhematopoietic cells aggravated the inflammatory phenotype. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The histamine H4 receptor (H4R) is functionally expressed on mouse colon epithelial cells, thereby aggravating dextrane sodium sulfate-induced colitis in BALB/cJ mice. Histamine via the H4R reduces transepithelial electrical resistance of colon epithelial monolayers, indicating a function of H4R in regulation of epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schirmer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luisa Lindemann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Rukijat Isaev
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniela Bösche
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malte Juchem
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlef Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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