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Hong D, Kim HK, Yang W, Yoon C, Kim M, Yang CS, Yoon S. Integrative analysis of single-cell RNA-seq and gut microbiome metabarcoding data elucidates macrophage dysfunction in mice with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:731. [PMID: 38879692 PMCID: PMC11180211 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a significant inflammatory bowel disease caused by an abnormal immune response to gut microbes. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of how immune and metabolic changes specifically contribute to this disease. Our research aims to address this gap by examining mouse colons after inducing ulcerative colitis-like symptoms. Employing single-cell RNA-seq and 16 s rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyze distinct cell clusters and microbiomes in the mouse colon at different time points after induction with dextran sodium sulfate. We observe a significant reduction in epithelial populations during acute colitis, indicating tissue damage, with a partial recovery observed in chronic inflammation. Analyses of cell-cell interactions demonstrate shifts in networking patterns among different cell types during disease progression. Notably, macrophage phenotypes exhibit diversity, with a pronounced polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype in chronic conditions, suggesting the role of macrophage heterogeneity in disease severity. Increased expression of Nampt and NOX2 complex subunits in chronic UC macrophages contributes to the inflammatory processes. The chronic UC microbiome exhibits reduced taxonomic diversity compared to healthy conditions and acute UC. The study also highlights the role of T cell differentiation in the context of dysbiosis and its implications in colitis progression, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to modulate the inflammatory response and immune balance in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawon Hong
- RNA Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Keun Kim
- Dept of Molecular and Life Science and Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea
| | - Wonhee Yang
- Department of AI-based Convergence, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanjin Yoon
- Dept of Molecular and Life Science and Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Computer Science, College of SW Convergence, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Yang
- Dept of Medicinal and Life Science and Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea.
| | - Seokhyun Yoon
- Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Hu M, Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhou H, You Y, Xue Z. Complex interplay of gut microbiota between obesity and asthma in children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264356. [PMID: 38029078 PMCID: PMC10655108 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important risk factor and common comorbidity of childhood asthma. Simultaneously, obesity-related asthma, a distinct asthma phenotype, has attracted significant attention owing to its association with more severe clinical manifestations, poorer disease control, and reduced quality of life. The establishment of the gut microbiota during early life is essential for maintaining metabolic balance and fostering the development of the immune system in children. Microbial dysbiosis influences host lipid metabolism, triggers chronic low-grade inflammation, and affects immune responses. It is intimately linked to the susceptibility to childhood obesity and asthma and plays a potentially crucial transitional role in the progression of obesity-related asthma. This review article summarizes the latest research on the interplay between asthma and obesity, with a particular focus on the mediating role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity-related asthma. This study aims to provide valuable insight to enhance our understanding of this condition and offer preliminary evidence to support the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yannan You
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Escartín-Gutiérrez JR, Ponce-Figueroa M, Torres-Vega MÁ, Aguilar-Faisal L, Figueroa-Arredondo P. Transcriptional Activation of a Pro-Inflammatory Response (NF-κB, AP-1, IL-1β) by the Vibrio cholerae Cytotoxin (VCC) Monomer through the MAPK Signaling Pathway in the THP-1 Human Macrophage Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087272. [PMID: 37108435 PMCID: PMC10139130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes, to some extent, the VCC contribution as an early stimulation of the macrophage lineage. Regarding the onset of the innate immune response caused by infection, the β form of IL-1 is the most important interleukin involved in the onset of the inflammatory innate response. Activated macrophages treated in vitro with VCC induced the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in a one-hour period, with the activation of transcriptional regulators for a surviving and pro-inflammatory response, suggesting an explanation inspired and supported by the inflammasome physiology. The mechanism of IL-1β production induced by VCC has been gracefully outlined in murine models, using bacterial knockdown mutants and purified molecules; nevertheless, the knowledge of this mechanism in the human immune system is still under study. This work shows the soluble form of 65 kDa of the Vibrio cholerae cytotoxin (also known as hemolysin), as it is secreted by the bacteria, inducing the production of IL-1β in the human macrophage cell line THP-1. The mechanism involves triggering the early activation of the signaling pathway MAPKs pERK and p38, with the subsequent activation of (p50) NF-κB and AP-1 (cJun and cFos), determined by real-time quantitation. The evidence shown here supports that the monomeric soluble form of the VCC in the macrophage acts as a modulator of the innate immune response, which is consistent with the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome actively releasing IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rodrigo Escartín-Gutiérrez
- Doctorate Program in Medical Research, Research Department, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Mariana Ponce-Figueroa
- Masters in Health Sciences, Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Torres-Vega
- Departament of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal
- Doctorate Program in Medical Research, Research Department, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Masters in Health Sciences, Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Paula Figueroa-Arredondo
- Doctorate Program in Medical Research, Research Department, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Masters in Health Sciences, Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
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4
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Van Alst AJ, Demey LM, DiRita VJ. Vibrio cholerae requires oxidative respiration through the bd-I and cbb3 oxidases for intestinal proliferation. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010102. [PMID: 35500027 PMCID: PMC9109917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae respires both aerobically and anaerobically and, while oxygen may be available to it during infection, other terminal electron acceptors are proposed for population expansion during infection. Unlike gastrointestinal pathogens that stimulate significant inflammation leading to elevated levels of oxygen or alternative terminal electron acceptors, V. cholerae infections are not understood to induce a notable inflammatory response. To ascertain the respiration requirements of V. cholerae during infection, we used Multiplex Genome Editing by Natural Transformation (MuGENT) to create V. cholerae strains lacking aerobic or anaerobic respiration. V. cholerae strains lacking aerobic respiration were attenuated in infant mice 105-fold relative to wild type, while strains lacking anaerobic respiration had no colonization defect, contrary to earlier work suggesting a role for anaerobic respiration during infection. Using several approaches, including one we developed for this work termed Comparative Multiplex PCR Amplicon Sequencing (CoMPAS), we determined that the bd-I and cbb3 oxidases are essential for small intestinal colonization of V. cholerae in the infant mouse. The bd-I oxidase was also determined as the primary oxidase during growth outside the host, making V. cholerae the only example of a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen in which a bd-type oxidase is the primary oxidase for energy acquisition inside and outside of a host. The bacterium that causes cholera, Vibrio cholerae, can grow with or without oxygen. When growing without oxygen it may use other molecules that serve the same purpose as oxygen, acting as a terminal electron acceptor in an energy-generating process known as respiration. Given the largely anaerobic nature of the gastrointestinal tract, and the lack of significant inflammation during cholera infection, a process that can stimulate elevated levels of oxygen and other terminal electron acceptors, we sought to understand the respiratory mechanisms of V. cholerae during infection. We used a powerful genome-editing method to construct mutant strains of V. cholerae lacking some or all of the complement of proteins required for aerobic or anaerobic respiration. By analyzing these mutants in the laboratory and in intestinal colonization of infant mice, we determined that the ability to respire without oxygen is completely dispensable for V. cholerae to thrive during infection. We determined that two of the four oxygen-dependent respiration mechanisms are essential for V. cholerae to grow during infection, with the other two dispensable for wild type levels of colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Van Alst
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lucas M. Demey
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Victor J. DiRita
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yu G, Wang J, Zhang W, Yang Q, Liu G, Wang L, Bello BK, Zhang X, Zhang T, Fan H, Zhao P, Liang W, Dong J. NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathway involves in Vibrio harveyi-induced inflammatory response in murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1590-1601. [PMID: 34569606 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi, an important zoonotic pathogen, can infect wounds and cause inflammatory response. Understanding the inflammatory response pathways could facilitate the exploration of molecular mechanisms for treating V. harveyi infection. NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the interaction between hosts and pathogenic microorganisms and could be sensed by various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Nonetheless, the function of NLRP3 inflammasome in V. harveyi infection remains unclear. In the present study, we established a V. harveyi infection model using murine peritoneal macrophages (PMs). Various techniques, including western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and inhibition assays, were used to explore the molecular mechanism of V. harveyi-induced inflammation. The results showed that many inflammatory cytokines participated in V. harveyi infection, with interleukin (IL)-1β being the most abundant. Pan-caspase inhibitor pretreatment significantly decreased the secretion of IL-1β in murine PMs. Moreover, the identification of V. harveyi involved a large number of NLR molecules, especially the NLRP3 receptor, and further studies revealed that NLPR3 inflammasome was activated by V. harveyi infection, as evidenced by puncta-like NLRP3 surrounding cell nuclear, ASC specks in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and ASC oligomerization. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome impaired the release of mature IL-1β in V. harveyi-infected murine PMs. Furthermore, blocking the secretion of mature IL-1β could markedly decrease the release of other proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Overall, these data indicated that NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in response to V. harveyi infection and enhanced inflammatory response by promoting IL-1β secretion in murine PMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guili Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Lianyungang 222006, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Laboratory Department of Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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6
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Wang J, Ding Q, Yang Q, Fan H, Yu G, Liu F, Bello BK, Zhang X, Zhang T, Dong J, Liu G, Zhao P. Vibrio alginolyticus Triggers Inflammatory Response in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages via Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:769777. [PMID: 34869071 PMCID: PMC8634873 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is a food-borne marine Vibrio that causes gastroenteritis, otitis media, otitis externa, and septicemia in humans. The pathogenic mechanisms of V. alginolyticus have previously been studied in aquaculture animals; however, the underlying mechanisms in mammals remain unknown. In this study, an in vitro model of mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with V. alginolyticus was established. qPCR results revealed that V. alginolyticus induced the transcription levels of various cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10, and the secretion level of IL-1β is the most significant. Inhibition assays with Ac-YVAD-CHO (a caspase-1 inhibitor) and Z-VAD-FMK (a pan-caspase inhibitor) were conducted to determine whether caspase-1 or caspase-11 is involved in V. alginolyticus-triggered IL-1β secretion. Results showed that IL-1β secretion was partly inhibited by Ac-YVAD-CHO and absolutely blocked by Z-VAD-FMK. To explore the sensed pattern recognition receptors, several NLR family members and the AIM2 receptor were detected and many receptors were upregulated especially NLRP3. Moreover, the NLRP3 protein displayed a puncta-like surrounding cell nucleus, which signified that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in response to V. alginolyticus infection. Inhibition assays with glyburide and CA-074 methyl ester (K+ outflow inhibitor and cathepsin B inhibitor) blocked IL-1β secretion, which demonstrated the essential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory response. To better understand how V. alginolyticus affects IL-1β release, the NLRP3 inflammasome was detected with doses ranging from 0.1 to 10 MOIs and time periods ranging from 3 to 12 h. Results showed that V. alginolyticus-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was in a time- and dose-dependent manner and IL-1β release peaked at MOI of 1 for 12 h. Most importantly, blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome with inhibitors and the use of NLRP3-/- and caspase-1/11-/- mice could attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α. Taken together, our study first found that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays vital roles in V. alginolyticus triggered inflammatory response in mouse peritoneal macrophages. This may provide reference information for the development of potential anti-inflammatory treatments against V. alginolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qun Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guili Yu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Feixue Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
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7
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Jing W, Lo Pilato J, Kay C, Man SM. Activation mechanisms of inflammasomes by bacterial toxins. Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13309. [PMID: 33426791 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune complexes, which assemble in mammalian cells in response to microbial components and endogenous danger signals. A major family of inflammasome activators is bacterial toxins. Inflammasome sensor proteins, such as the nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor (NLR) family members NLRP1b and NLRP3, and the tripartite motif family member Pyrin+ efflux triggered by pore-forming toxins or by other toxin-induced homeostasis-altering events such as lysosomal rupture. Pyrin senses perturbation of host cell functions induced by certain enzymatic toxins resulting in impairment of RhoA GTPase activity. Assembly of the inflammasome complex activates the cysteine protease caspase-1, leading to the proteolytic cleavage of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and the pore-forming protein gasdermin D causing pyroptosis. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in our understanding on the activation mechanisms of inflammasome complexes by bacterial toxins and effector proteins and explore avenues for future research into the relationships between inflammasomes and bacterial toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Jing
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jordan Lo Pilato
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Callum Kay
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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8
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Donovan C, Liu G, Shen S, Marshall JE, Kim RY, Alemao CA, Budden KF, Choi JP, Kohonen-Corish M, El-Omar EM, Yang IA, Hansbro PM. The role of the microbiome and the NLRP3 inflammasome in the gut and lung. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:925-935. [PMID: 33405294 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0720-472rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, is one of the most well-characterized inflammasomes, activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns, including from commensal or pathogenic bacterial and viral infections. The NLRP3 inflammasome promotes inflammatory cell recruitment and regulates immune responses in tissues such as the gastrointestinal tract and the lung, and is involved in many diseases that affect the gut and lung. Recently, the microbiome in the gut and the lung, and the crosstalk between these organs (gut-lung axis), has been identified as a potential mechanism that may influence disease in a bidirectional manner. In this review, we focus on themes presented in this area at the 2019 World Congress on Inflammation. We discuss recent evidence on how the microbiome can affect NLRP3 inflammasome responses in the gut and lung, the role of this inflammasome in regulating gut and lung inflammation in disease, and its potential role in the gut-lung axis. We highlight the exponential increase in our understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome due to the synthesis of the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, MCC950, and propose future studies that may further elucidate the roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in gut and lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Donovan
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sj Shen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jacqueline E Marshall
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Y Kim
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charlotte A Alemao
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kurtis F Budden
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaesung P Choi
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maija Kohonen-Corish
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian A Yang
- The Prince Charles Hospital and The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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