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Kameni M, Musaigwa F, Kamguia LM, Kamdem SD, Mbanya G, Lamberton PHL, Komguep Nono J. Harnessing Schistosoma-associated metabolite changes in the human host to identify biomarkers of infection and morbidity: Where are we and what should we do next? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012009. [PMID: 38512811 PMCID: PMC10956858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most widespread parasitic disease affecting humans. A key component of today's infection control measures is the diagnosis and monitoring of infection, informing individual- and community-level treatment. However, newly acquired infections and/or low parasite burden are still difficult to diagnose reliably. Furthermore, even though the pathological consequence of schistosome egg sequestration in host tissues is well described, the evidence linking egg burden to morbidity is increasingly challenged, making it inadequate for pathology monitoring. In the last decades, omics-based instruments and methods have been developed, adjusted, and applied in parasitic research. In particular, the profiling of the most reliable determinants of phenotypes, metabolites by metabolomics, emerged as a powerful boost in the understanding of basic interactions within the human host during infection. As such, the fine detection of host metabolites produced upon exposure to parasites such as Schistosoma spp. and the ensuing progression of the disease are believed to enable the identification of Schistosoma spp. potential biomarkers of infection and associated pathology. However, attempts to provide such a comprehensive understanding of the alterations of the human metabolome during schistosomiasis are rare, limited in their design when performed, and mostly inconclusive. In this review, we aimed to briefly summarize the most robust advances in knowledge on the changes in host metabolic profile during Schistosoma infections and provide recommendations for approaches to optimize the identification of metabolomic signatures of human schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Kameni
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Bamenda, Bambili, North-West Region, Cameroon
| | - Fungai Musaigwa
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Leonel Meyo Kamguia
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Severin Donald Kamdem
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Gladice Mbanya
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Poppy H. L. Lamberton
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Essomba RG, Mbe RM, Ngogang MP, Ekono CB, Bitoungui VJN, Seni N, Nguwoh PS, Ateba PT, Kamdem SD, Nono JK, Ambomo MS, Assoumou MCO, Mbopi-Kéou FX. Plasma IL-33 levels and immune activation in HIV-TB coinfection: a cross-sectional study in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 46:13. [PMID: 38035159 PMCID: PMC10683167 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.13.41152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction HIV-1 and Mtb are characterized by immune activation and unbalances production of cytokines, but the expression of IL33 in HIV/TB coinfection remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the level of IL-33 in plasma of HIV and M. tuberculosis (HIV/TB) coinfected patients compared to patients with respective mono infections in Yaoundé. Methods a cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending the pneumology service and HIV treatment center of the Yaoundé Jamot Hospital. Plasma samples of 157 HIV/TB coinfected patients (n =26, 50% males and 50% females, mean age 39), HIV-1 monoinfected patients (n = 41, 41% males and 59% females, mean age 35), TB monoinfected patients (n = 48, 56% males and 44% females, mean age 37) and healthy controls (n = 42, 29% males and 71% females, mean age 32) were examined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) to detect the levels of IL-33 cytokine. Results plasma level of IL-33 were higher in HIV/TB coinfected (33.1±30.9 pg/ml) and TB monoinfected individuals (15.1±2.9 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (14.0±3.4 pg/ml) and could not be detected in most of the HIV-1 monoinfected individuals (12.6±8.7 pg/ml). Interestingly, the increased plasma level of IL-33 in HIV/TB coinfected patients showed a statistically significant difference between healthy controls (33.1±30.9 pg/ml vs 14.0±3.4 pg/ml, P<0.0001) and HIV-1 monoinfected patients (33.1±30.9 pg/ml vs 12.6±8.7 pg/ml, P=0.0002). We further found that IL-33 was higher in patients with high viral load group (40.6±59.7 pg/ml vs 12.6±1.8 pg/ml), P= 0.47) whereas patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) showed decreased level of IL-33 concentration as the number of years under ART increased. Our data showed a positive association between plasma IL-33 and viral load in the context of HIV/TB coinfection in our study population with a positive Pearson coefficient of r=0.21. Conclusion this study indicates that plasma level of IL-33 differs among HIV/TB coinfected patients and respective monoinfections patients. The increased level of plasma IL-33 reveals that IL-33 measurement in HIV-1 monoinfected patients may represent an early predictor of development of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Ghislain Essomba
- National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rostand Munkam Mbe
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Paule Ngogang
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Claire Bitchong Ekono
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMPS), University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
- Pneumology Service, Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Nassif Seni
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Severin Donald Kamdem
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMPS), University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMPS), University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Myriam Sylvie Ambomo
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou
- National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Abdel Aziz N, Musaigwa F, Mosala P, Berkiks I, Brombacher F. Type 2 immunity: a two-edged sword in schistosomiasis immunopathology. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:657-673. [PMID: 35835714 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most debilitating neglected tropical disease globally after malaria, with no available therapy to control disease-driven immunopathology. Although schistosomiasis induces a markedly heterogenous immune response, type 2 immunity is the dominating immune response following oviposition. While type 2 immunity has a crucial role in granuloma formation and host survival during the acute stage of disease, its chronic activation can result in tissue scarring, fibrosis, and organ impairment. Here, we discuss recent advances in schistosomiasis, demonstrating how different immune and non-immune cells and signaling pathways are involved in the induction, maintenance, and regulation of type 2 immunity. A better understanding of these immune responses during schistosomiasis is essential to inform the potential development of candidate therapeutic strategies that fine-tune type 2 immunity to ideally modulate schistosomiasis immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Abdel Aziz
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Fungai Musaigwa
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Paballo Mosala
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Inssaf Berkiks
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
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do Nascimento WRC, Nóbrega CGDO, Fernandes EDS, Santos PDA, Melo FL, Albuquerque MCPDA, de Lorena VMB, Costa VMA, Barbosa CCGS, de Souza VMO. Schistosoma mansoni infection decreases IL-33-mRNA expression and increases CXCL9 and CXCL10 production by peripheral blood cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 2022; 211:211-218. [PMID: 35819523 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-022-00745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni infections, particularly egg antigens, induce Th2-dominant granulomatous responses accompanied by remarkable immunoregulatory mechanisms that avoid intense fibrosis. Interleukin (IL)-33 is a cytokine that stimulates the early activation of Th2 responses, and its soluble ST2 receptor (sST2) avoids granulomatous response, as well as CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines that have antifibrotic activity. However, in schistosomiasis, these molecules have not been suitably studied. Therefore, this study aimed to measure IL-33 and sST2 RNA, cytokines, and chemokines in peripheral blood cultures from individuals living in schistosomiasis-endemic areas. Peripheral blood cells from individuals with S. mansoni (n = 34) and non-infected individuals (n = 31) were cultured under mitogen stimulation. Supernatant chemokines and cytokines were evaluated using a cytometric bead array, and IL-33 and sST2 mRNA expression was measured using qPCR. Infected individuals showed higher levels of CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10; there was a lower expression of IL-33 mRNA and similar expression of sST2mRNA in infected than non-infected individuals. In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated lower IL-33mRNA expression and high levels of the antifibrotic chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in schistosomiasis mansoni, which could control exacerbations of the disease in individuals from endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassia Giselle de Oliveira Nóbrega
- Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Erica de Souza Fernandes
- Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia d'Emery Alves Santos
- Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Fábio Lopes Melo
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | - Mônica Camelo Pessôa de Azevedo Albuquerque
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Vláudia Maria Assis Costa
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Valdênia Maria Oliveira de Souza
- Setor de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil. .,Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Musaigwa F, Kamdem SD, Mpotje T, Mosala P, Abdel Aziz N, Herbert DR, Brombacher F, Nono JK. Schistosoma mansoni infection induces plasmablast and plasma cell death in the bone marrow and accelerates the decline of host vaccine responses. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010327. [PMID: 35157732 PMCID: PMC8893680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a potentially lethal parasitic disease that profoundly impacts systemic immune function in chronically infected hosts through mechanisms that remain unknown. Given the immunoregulatory dysregulation experienced in infected individuals, this study examined the impact of chronic schistosomiasis on the sustainability of vaccine-induced immunity in both children living in endemic areas and experimental infections in mice. Data show that chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection impaired the persistence of vaccine specific antibody responses in poliovirus-vaccinated humans and mice. Mechanistically, schistosomiasis primarily fostered plasmablast and plasma cell death in the bone marrow and removal of parasites following praziquantel treatment reversed the observed cell death and partially restored vaccine-induced memory responses associated with increased serum anti-polio antibody responses. Our findings strongly suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism to explain how chronic schistosomiasis interferes with an otherwise effective vaccine regimen and further advocates for therapeutic intervention strategies that reduce schistosomiasis burden in endemic areas prior to vaccination. Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni), a schistosomiasis disease-causing parasite species, is most common in sub-Saharan Africa. Schistosoma mansoni can influence immune responses and trigger physiological imbalances in their human and animal hosts, which improve their survival and multiplication in the host. These influences can disrupt the host’s ability to maintain long term protective immunity mounted by vaccines for infectious diseases. Here, we investigated the impact of S. mansoni infection on poliovirus vaccine immunity in school-aged children and mice. We found that the parasite reduced its host’s ability to maintain protective blood antibodies produced by immune responses to poliovirus vaccines. We also found that S. mansoni infection reduces the maintenance of antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow of vaccinated mice. Our data showed that treating S. mansoni infected children and mice with praziquantel mitigated the parasite’s negative influences on vaccine immunity. These findings suggest that in regions where schistosomiasis is endemic, the Schistosoma spp. parasites may be notable causes of suboptimal viral vaccine immunity maintenance by children, leaving them vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fungai Musaigwa
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Severin Donald Kamdem
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thabo Mpotje
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Paballo Mosala
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nada Abdel Aziz
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - De’Broski R. Herbert
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- Division of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
- Laboratory of ImmunoBiology and Helminth Infections, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail:
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Bai Y, Guan F, Zhu F, Jiang C, Xu X, Zheng F, Liu W, Lei J. IL-33/ST2 Axis Deficiency Exacerbates Hepatic Pathology by Regulating Treg and Th17 Cells in Murine Schistosomiasis Japonica. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5981-5998. [PMID: 34815688 PMCID: PMC8604654 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s336404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Schistosoma japonicum-infected IL-33 and ST2 gene deficiency (IL-33−/− and ST2−/−, respectively) mice were used to explore the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in liver pathology targeting regulatory T cells (Treg)/T helper 17 cells (Th17). Materials and Methods Each mouse was infected percutaneously with 20 S. japonicum cercariae. Hepatic mass index (HMI), liver egg granulomas, hepatic fibrosis biomarkers and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were investigated. Treg and Th17 frequency was determined by flow cytometry. Expressions of Foxp3, ST2, TGF-β1, IL-10, RORγt, and IL-17A were measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Concentrations of TGF-β1, IL-10 and IL-17A were tested with ELISA. In vitro experiments, mRNA expressions of Foxp3, TGF-β1, IL-10, Atg5, Beclin-1 and p62 associated with polarization of Treg by recombinant mouse IL-33 (rmIL-33) were detected by qRT-PCR. Results An increased expression of IL-33/ST2 was shown in S. japonicum-infected mice. Deficiency of IL-33 or ST2 gene led to an aggravated liver pathology, which was evidenced by elevated hepatic granuloma volume, HMI and ALT levels and fibrosis, which was demonstrated by increased hepatic collagen deposition in the infected mice. Injection of rmIL-33 into the infected IL-33−/− mice strongly abrogated the liver pathology and fibrosis, whereas no detectable effect with injecting rmIL-33 into the infected ST2−/− mice. Furthermore, depletion of the IL-33/ST2 axis inhibited Treg, accompanied by increased Th17. rmIL-33 treatment upregulated Treg and downregulated Th17 in the infected IL-33−/− mice, while no effect in the infected ST2−/− mice. rmIL-33 led to elevated expressions of Atg5, Beclin-1 and inhibited expression of p62 in expansion of Treg. Conclusion The IL-33/ST2 axis plays a protective role in S. japonicum infected mice, which is closely related to increasing Treg responses as well as suppressing Th17 responses. Expansion of Treg by IL-33 may be associated with its regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifan Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Jiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoXiao Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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Miranda GS, Resende SD, Cardoso DT, Camelo GMA, Silva JKAO, de Castro VN, Geiger SM, Carneiro M, Negrão-Corrêa D. Previous History of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Alters Susceptibility and Immune Response Against Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Humans. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630934. [PMID: 33777015 PMCID: PMC7990892 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis and Leishmaniasis are chronic parasitic diseases with high prevalence in some tropical regions and, due to their wide distribution, a risk of co-infections is present in some areas. Nevertheless, the impact of this interaction on human populations is still poorly understood. Thus, the current study evaluated the effect of previous American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) on the susceptibility and immune response to Schistosoma mansoni infection in residents from a rural community in Northern of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, an area endemic for both parasitic infections. The participants answered a socioeconomic questionnaire and provided stool and blood samples for parasitological and immunological evaluations. Stool samples were examined by a combination of parasitological techniques to identify helminth infections, especially S. mansoni eggs. Blood samples were used for hemograms and to measure the serum levels of cytokines and chemokines. Reports on previous ATL were obtained through interviews, clinical evaluation forms, and medical records. S. mansoni infection was the most prevalent parasitic infection in the study population (46%), and the majority of the infected individuals had a very low parasite burden. In the same population, 93 individuals (36.2%) reported previous ATL, and the prevalence of S. mansoni infection among these individuals was significantly higher than among individuals with no ATL history. A multiple logistic regression model revealed that S. mansoni infection was positively associated with higher levels of CCL3 and CCL17, and a higher frequency of IL-17 responders. Moreover, this model demonstrated that individuals with an ATL history had a 2-fold higher probability to be infected with S. mansoni (OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.04–3.68). Among S. mansoni-infected individuals, the logistic regression demonstrated that a previous ATL history was negatively associated with the frequency of IL-17 responders and CXCL10 higher responders, but positively associated with higher IL-27 responders. Altogether, our data suggest that previous ATL may alter the susceptibility and the immune response in S. mansoni-infected individuals, which may likely affect the outcome of schistosomiasis and the severity of the disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Silva Miranda
- Laboratory of Immunohelminthology and Schistosomiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratory of Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, Brazil
| | - Samira Diniz Resende
- Laboratory of Immunohelminthology and Schistosomiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Diogo Tavares Cardoso
- Laboratory of Intestinal Helminthiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Genil Mororó Araújo Camelo
- Laboratory of Immunohelminthology and Schistosomiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Kelvin Alves Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Immunohelminthology and Schistosomiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Normandio de Castro
- Laboratory of Intestinal Helminthiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefan Michael Geiger
- Laboratory of Intestinal Helminthiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariângela Carneiro
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Deborah Negrão-Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunohelminthology and Schistosomiasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Sumbele IUN, Otia OV, Bopda OSM, Ebai CB, Kimbi HK, Nkuo-Akenji T. Polyparasitism with Schistosoma haematobium, Plasmodium and soil-transmitted helminths in school-aged children in Muyuka-Cameroon following implementation of control measures: a cross sectional study. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:14. [PMID: 33597042 PMCID: PMC7890808 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the ubiquity of polyparasitism, its health impacts have been inadequately studied. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of polyparasitism with Schistosoma haematobium, Plasmodium and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) following sustained control measures, as well as evaluate the outcomes and clinical correlates of infection in school-aged children (SAC) living in the schistosomiasis endemic focus of Muyuka-Cameroon. Methods In a cross-sectional study, urine, blood and stool samples were each collected from SAC (4–14 years) selected at random between March and June 2015. Microhaematuria in urine was detected using reagent strip and S. haematobium ova by filtration/microscopy methods. Plasmodium was detected using Giemsa-stained blood films and complete blood count was obtained using an auto-haematology analyser. STH in stool was detected by the Kato-Katz method. Categorical and continuous variables were compared as required, Kappa value estimated and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in the multivariate analysis was used to evaluate association of the risk factors with infection. Results Out of the 638 SAC examined, single infection was prevalent in 33.4% while polyparasitism was 19.9%. Prevalence of S. haematobium + Plasmodium was 7.8%; S. haematobium + STH was 0.8%; Plasmodium + STH was 0.8%; while S. haematobium + Plasmodium + STH was 0.9%. Higher preponderance of S. haematobium + Plasmodium infection occurred in females, those from Likoko, did not use potable water, practiced bathing in stream and carried out open defecation than their equivalents. However, being female (aOR = 2.38, P = 0.009) was the only significant risk factor identified. Anaemia was a common morbidity (74.3%) with a slight agreement with microscopy in predicting S. haematobium and Plasmodium infections. The sensitivity and specificity of haematuria (13.0%) in predicting S. haematobium infection was 46.5% and 100% with a moderate agreement with microscopy. Co-infection with S. haematobium and malaria parasite was significantly associated with threefold odds of history of fever in the last three days. Conclusions Polyparasitism is a public health problem in Muyuka with females most at risk. Anaemia prevalence is exacerbated in co- and triple-infections and together with a history of fever are of value in predicting polyparasitism.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Ofon Vitalis Otia
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Calvin Bisong Ebai
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
| | - Helen KuoKuo Kimbi
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
| | - Theresa Nkuo-Akenji
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
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Li Z, Chen C, Wang J, Wei M, Liu G, Qin Y, She L, Liu Y, Huang D, Tian Y, Zhu G, Zhang X. Overexpressed PLAU and its potential prognostic value in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10746. [PMID: 33520474 PMCID: PMC7812932 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis is a major event for survival and prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). A primary cause of metastasis is the proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) is involved in the transformation of plasminogen to plasmin leading to hydrolyzation of ECM-related proteins. However, the role of PLAU expression in HNSCC is unclear and the worth being investigated. Methods PLAU expression profiles and clinical parameters from multiple HNSCC datasets were used to investigate the relationship of PLAU expression and HNSCC survival. GO and PPI network were established on PLAU-related downstream molecular. The stroma score was deconvoluted for analysis of PLAU’s association with the immune environment. ROC analysis was applied to show the performance of PLAU in predicting HNSCC prognosis. Results PLAU mRNA was significantly elevated, as opposed to its methylation, in HNSCC tumor samples over normal specimens (all p < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate cox analysis showed PLAU could be an independent indicator for HNSCC prognosis. Combining with neck lymph node status, the AUC of PLAU in predicting 5-years overall survival reached to 0.862. GO enrichment analysis showed the major biological process (extracellular matrix organization and the P13K-Akt signaling pathway) may involve to the possible mechanism of PLAU’s function on HNSCC prognosis. Furthermore, PLAU expression was positively correlated with stroma cell score, M1 type macrophages, and negatively associated with CD4 + T cell, Tregs cell, and follicular helper T cell. Conclusions PLAU might be an independent biomarker for predicting outcomes of HNSCC patients. The elevated expression of PLAU was associated with HPV positivity and neck node status. The PI3K-Akt pathway and aberrant proportions of immune cells might underly the mechanism of PLAU’s oncogene role in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexuan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changhan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guancheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuexiang Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li She
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongquan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Maggi L, Rocha IC, Camelo GMA, Fernandes VR, Negrão-Corrêa D. The IL-33/ST2 pathway is not essential to Th2 stimulation but is key for modulation and survival during chronic infection with Schistosoma mansoni in mice. Cytokine 2020; 138:155390. [PMID: 33341001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Morbidity during chronic schistosomiasis has been associated with the induction and modulation of type-2 granulomatous inflammatory response induced by antigens secreted by the eggs, which become trapped in capillary venules of the host tissues, especially in the liver and intestines. IL-33, an alarmin released after cell damage, binds to its ST2 (suppressor of tumorigenicity 2) receptor, expressed in an variety of immune cells, including ILC2 and macrophages, and stimulates the early production of IL-5 and IL-13, which leads to eosinophil infiltration and activation of a Th2 response. However, the role of IL-33/ST2 activation on Schistosoma-induced granuloma formation and modulation is mostly unknown. In the current work, we comparatively evaluated the immune response and granuloma formation in wild-type BALB/c (WT) and BALB/c mice genetically deficient in the IL-33 receptor (ST2-/-) experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Mice were infected with 25 or 50 S. mansoni cercariae and followed for up to 14 weeks to assess mortality. Mice from each experimental group were comparatively evaluated for parasite burden, liver immune response, and granuloma appearance during acute and chronic schistosomiasis. Our data showed that the number of circulating worms and eggs retained in the liver and eliminated in the feces was similar in WT and ST2-/- infected mice, but infected ST2-/- mice presented an enhanced rate of mortality. Interestingly, the production of type-2 cytokines by soluble egg antigens (SEA)-stimulated spleen cells, the serum concentrations of IL-5 and Immunoglobulin (Ig)-E, and the level of parasite-reactive IgG1 were similar in infected mice of both experimental groups. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-γ in liver homogenate of infected mice also did not differ between the strains at acute schistosomiasis, but there was a significant increase in IL-17 levels in ST2-/- infected mice at this phase. On the other hand, IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ concentrations were reduced and the ratios of IL-4/IFN-γ and IL-17/IFN-γ were higher in liver homogenate of chronically infected ST2-/- mice, suggesting unbalanced Th2 and Th17 responses. Moreover, liver granulomas of ST2-/- mice were larger and disorganized, showing an intense cellular infiltrate, rich in eosinophils and neutrophils. Our results suggest that the absence of the IL-33/ST2 pathway is not essential for the Schistosoma-induced Th2 response, but is necessary to prevent host mortality by modulating granuloma-mediated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maggi
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabella Chrystina Rocha
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Curso de Enfermagem, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garça, Brazil
| | - Genil Mororó Araújo Camelo
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Rodrigues Fernandes
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Deborah Negrão-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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