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Lu D, Wang YX, Geng ST, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Peng QY, Li SY, Zhang JB, Wang KH, Kuang YQ. Whole-protein enteral nutrition formula supplementation reduces Escherichia and improves intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected immunological nonresponders. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:319-329. [PMID: 37922515 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have persistent malnutrition, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbial imbalance. The interplay between gut microbiota and nutrients is involved in the immune reconstitution of PLWH. To evaluate the effects of whole-protein enteral nutrition formula supplementation on T-cell levels, intestinal barrier function, nutritional status, and gut microbiota composition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected immunological nonresponders (INRs) who failed to normalize CD4+ T-cell counts, with a number <350 cells/µL, a pilot study was carried out in 13 HIV-infected INRs undergoing antiretroviral therapy who received a 3-month phase supplementation of 200 mL/200 kcal/45 g whole-protein enteral nutrition formula once daily. Our primary endpoint was increased CD4+ T-cell counts. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in intestinal barrier function, nutritional status, and gut microbiota composition. We showed that CD4+ T-cell counts of HIV-infected INRs increased significantly after the 3-month supplementation. Dietary supplementation for 3 months improved the intestinal barrier function and nutritional status of HIV-infected INRs. Furthermore, the enteral nutrition formula significantly decreased the relative abundance of Escherichia at the genus level and increased the alpha diversity of gut microbiota in HIV-infected INRs. The findings demonstrated that the whole-protein enteral nutrition formula aids in reducing Escherichia and improving intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected INRs. This study provides insight into the role of nutrients in the improvement of immune reconstitution in HIV-infected INRs. This study is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Document No. ChiCTR2000037839; http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue-Xin Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shi-Tao Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qing-Yan Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shao-You Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second People's Hospital of Dali City, Dali, China
| | - Kun-Hua Wang
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine and Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Woottum M, Yan S, Sayettat S, Grinberg S, Cathelin D, Bekaddour N, Herbeuval JP, Benichou S. Macrophages: Key Cellular Players in HIV Infection and Pathogenesis. Viruses 2024; 16:288. [PMID: 38400063 PMCID: PMC10893316 DOI: 10.3390/v16020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cells of the myeloid lineages, including tissue macrophages and conventional dendritic cells, were rapidly recognized, in addition to CD4+ T lymphocytes, as target cells of HIV-1, their specific roles in the pathophysiology of infection were initially largely neglected. However, numerous studies performed over the past decade, both in vitro in cell culture systems and in vivo in monkey and humanized mouse animal models, led to growing evidence that macrophages play important direct and indirect roles as HIV-1 target cells and in pathogenesis. It has been recently proposed that macrophages are likely involved in all stages of HIV-1 pathogenesis, including virus transmission and dissemination, but above all, in viral persistence through the establishment, together with latently infected CD4+ T cells, of virus reservoirs in many host tissues, the major obstacle to virus eradication in people living with HIV. Infected macrophages are indeed found, very often as multinucleated giant cells expressing viral antigens, in almost all lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues of HIV-1-infected patients, where they can probably persist for long period of time. In addition, macrophages also likely participate, directly as HIV-1 targets or indirectly as key regulators of innate immunity and inflammation, in the chronic inflammation and associated clinical disorders observed in people living with HIV, even in patients receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. The main objective of this review is therefore to summarize the recent findings, and also to revisit older data, regarding the critical functions of tissue macrophages in the pathophysiology of HIV-1 infection, both as major HIV-1-infected target cells likely found in almost all tissues, as well as regulators of innate immunity and inflammation during the different stages of HIV-1 pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Woottum
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; (M.W.); (S.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Sen Yan
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; (M.W.); (S.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Sophie Sayettat
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; (M.W.); (S.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Séverine Grinberg
- CNRS UMR-8601, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (S.G.); (D.C.); (N.B.); (J.-P.H.)
| | - Dominique Cathelin
- CNRS UMR-8601, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (S.G.); (D.C.); (N.B.); (J.-P.H.)
| | - Nassima Bekaddour
- CNRS UMR-8601, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (S.G.); (D.C.); (N.B.); (J.-P.H.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Herbeuval
- CNRS UMR-8601, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (S.G.); (D.C.); (N.B.); (J.-P.H.)
| | - Serge Benichou
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; (M.W.); (S.Y.); (S.S.)
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Nosik M, Belikova MG, Ryzhov K, Avdoshina D, Sobkin A, Zverev V, Svitich O. Unique Profile of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Plasma of Drug-Naïve Individuals with Advanced HIV/TB Co-Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:1330. [PMID: 37376629 DOI: 10.3390/v15061330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection is characterized by aberrant immune activation, and infection with M. tuberculosis by an unbalanced production of proinflammatory cytokines. The expression of these cytokines in HIV-1/TB coinfection is still understudied. Here, we aimed to compare the production of proinflammatory cytokines in drug-naive patients coinfected with HIV-1 and M. tuberculosis (HIV/TB) compared to patients with respective monoinfections. Plasma samples of patients with HIV/TB coinfection (n = 36), HIV-1 monoinfection (n = 36), and TB monoinfection (n = 35) and healthy donors (n = 36) were examined for the levels of eight proinflammatory cytokines. Their levels were significantly increased in all patient groups compared to healthy donors. At the same time, a drastic decrease in the plasma levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, Il-1β, IL-15, and IL-17 was detected in patients with HIV/TB coinfection compared to patients with HIV-1 or TB monoinfections. The plasma levels of IL-17 characterized the TB severity: in HIV/TB-coinfected patients with disseminated TB, plasma levels of IL-17 were eight times lower than in patients with less severe TB forms (infiltrative TB or TB of intrathoracic lymph nodes; p < 0.0001). At the same time, HIV/TB-coinfected patients had increased plasma levels of IL-8, IL-12, and IL-18, with the levels of IL-8 correlating with mortality (p < 0.0001). Thus, on the contrary to the patients with HIV-1 or TB monoinfections, HIV/TB-coinfected patients had suppressed production of most of the proinflammatory cytokines associated with antimicrobial immune response, specifically of T-cells involved in the containment of both infections. At the same time, they demonstrated an expansion of proinflammatory cytokines known to originate from both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, and manifest tissue inflammation. In HIV-1/TB coinfection, this leads to the disruption of granuloma formation, contributing to bacterial dissemination and enhancing morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nosik
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria G Belikova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108819 Moscow, Russia
- Translational Medicine Cluster, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Darya Avdoshina
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108819 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr Sobkin
- Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV Infection, G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, 125466 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Zverev
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana Svitich
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia
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de Gea-Grela A, Moreno S. Controversies in the Design of Strategies for the Cure of HIV Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:322. [PMID: 36839593 PMCID: PMC9961067 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The cure for chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections has been a goal pursued since the antiretroviral therapy that improved the clinical conditions of patients became available. However, the exclusive use of these drugs is not enough to achieve a cure, since the viral load rebounds when the treatment is discontinued, leading to disease progression. There are several theories and hypotheses about the biological foundations that prevent a cure. The main obstacle appears to be the existence of a latent viral reservoir that cannot be eliminated pharmacologically. This concept is the basis of the new strategies that seek a cure, known as kick and kill. However, there are other lines of study that recognize mechanisms of persistent viral replication in patients under effective treatment, and that would modify the current lines of research on the cure of HIV. Given the importance of these concepts, in this work, we propose to review the most recent evidence on these hypotheses, covering both the evidence that is positioned in favor and against, trying to expose what are some of the challenges that remain to be resolved in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Alcalá University, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Ryssel H, Egebjerg K, Nielsen SD, Lundgren J, Pøhl M, Langer SW, Kjaer A, Ostrowski SR, Fischer BM. Innate immune function during antineoplastic treatment is associated with 12-months survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1024224. [PMID: 36578486 PMCID: PMC9791214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1024224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The immune system has proven to be a key player in the progression as well as containment of cancer with new treatment strategies based on immunotherapy targeting this interaction. Assessing immune function could reveal critical information about the immune response to therapeutic interventions, revealing predictive biomarkers for tailored care and precision medicine. Methods We investigated immune function in 37 patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing treatment with PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), chemotherapy (CT) or chemo-radiotherapy (CT/RT). Blood samples before (day 0) and during therapy (day 7, 21 and 80) were investigated by a standardized immunoassay, TruCulture®. Results Outcomes revealed a developing innate immune response induced by both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. NSCLC-patients displayed evidence of chronic innate immune activation and exhaustion prior to treatment. This pattern was particularly pronounced during treatment in patients dying within 12-months follow-up. Compared to treatment with CT, ICI demonstrated a higher ex vivo-stimulated release of proinflammatory cytokines. Discussion These preliminary findings may pave the way for tailored treatment and immune-monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Ryssel
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Egebjerg
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Dam Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Lundgren
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Pøhl
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Seppo W. Langer
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barbara Malene Fischer
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Barbara Malene Fischer,
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Hensley KS, Jongkees MJ, Geers D, GeurtsvanKessel CH, Mueller YM, Dalm VASH, Papageorgiou G, Steggink H, Gorska A, Bogers S, den Hollander JG, Bierman WFW, Gelinck LBS, Schippers EF, Ammerlaan HSM, van der Valk M, van Vonderen MGA, Delsing CE, Gisolf EH, Bruns AHW, Lauw FN, Berrevoets MAH, Sigaloff KCE, Soetekouw R, Branger J, de Mast Q, Lammers AJJ, Lowe SH, de Vries RD, Katsikis PD, Rijnders BJA, Brinkman K, Roukens AHE, Rokx C. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV in the Netherlands: A nationwide prospective cohort study. PLoS Med 2022; 19:e1003979. [PMID: 36301821 PMCID: PMC9612532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccines can be less immunogenic in people living with HIV (PLWH), but for SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations this is unknown. In this study we set out to investigate, for the vaccines currently approved in the Netherlands, the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in PLWH. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted a prospective cohort study to examine the immunogenicity of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1-S, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines in adult PLWH without prior COVID-19, and compared to HIV-negative controls. The primary endpoint was the anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG response after mRNA vaccination. Secondary endpoints included the serological response after vector vaccination, anti-SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response, and reactogenicity. Between 14 February and 7 September 2021, 1,154 PLWH (median age 53 [IQR 44-60] years, 85.5% male) and 440 controls (median age 43 [IQR 33-53] years, 28.6% male) were included in the final analysis. Of the PLWH, 884 received BNT162b2, 100 received mRNA-1273, 150 received ChAdOx1-S, and 20 received Ad26.COV2.S. In the group of PLWH, 99% were on antiretroviral therapy, 97.7% were virally suppressed, and the median CD4+ T-cell count was 710 cells/μL (IQR 520-913). Of the controls, 247 received mRNA-1273, 94 received BNT162b2, 26 received ChAdOx1-S, and 73 received Ad26.COV2.S. After mRNA vaccination, geometric mean antibody concentration was 1,418 BAU/mL in PLWH (95% CI 1322-1523), and after adjustment for age, sex, and vaccine type, HIV status remained associated with a decreased response (0.607, 95% CI 0.508-0.725, p < 0.001). All controls receiving an mRNA vaccine had an adequate response, defined as >300 BAU/mL, whilst in PLWH this response rate was 93.6%. In PLWH vaccinated with mRNA-based vaccines, higher antibody responses were predicted by CD4+ T-cell count 250-500 cells/μL (2.845, 95% CI 1.876-4.314, p < 0.001) or >500 cells/μL (2.936, 95% CI 1.961-4.394, p < 0.001), whilst a viral load > 50 copies/mL was associated with a reduced response (0.454, 95% CI 0.286-0.720, p = 0.001). Increased IFN-γ, CD4+ T-cell, and CD8+ T-cell responses were observed after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides in ELISpot and activation-induced marker assays, comparable to controls. Reactogenicity was generally mild, without vaccine-related serious adverse events. Due to the control of vaccine provision by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, there were some differences between vaccine groups in the age, sex, and CD4+ T-cell counts of recipients. CONCLUSIONS After vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were reduced in PLWH compared to HIV-negative controls. To reach and maintain the same serological responses as HIV-negative controls, additional vaccinations are probably required. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NL9214). https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S. Hensley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlou J. Jongkees
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daryl Geers
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Yvonne M. Mueller
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Virgil A. S. H. Dalm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Hanka Steggink
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alicja Gorska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Susanne Bogers
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Wouter F. W. Bierman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Luc B. S. Gelinck
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Haaglanden Medical Centre, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Emile F. Schippers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden Netherlands
| | | | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, DC Klinieken, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Corine E. Delsing
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth H. Gisolf
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Anke H. W. Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Fanny N. Lauw
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Medical Centre Jan van Goyen, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Kim C. E. Sigaloff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Soetekouw
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, Netherlands
| | - Judith Branger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Flevo Hospital, Almere, Netherlands
| | - Quirijn de Mast
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Adriana J. J. Lammers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, Netherlands
| | - Selwyn H. Lowe
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rory D. de Vries
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter D. Katsikis
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bart J. A. Rijnders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna H. E. Roukens
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden Netherlands
| | - Casper Rokx
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Qian Z, Zhang Y, Xie X, Wang J. Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine combined with HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28287. [PMID: 34967361 PMCID: PMC8718220 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the infectious diseases pandemic in the word. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine, as an alternative and complementary therapy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), has been put into the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS over 30 years due to its good therapeutic effects and high safety, while there is a lack of evidence-based medicine support. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine combined with HAART for HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS We will search all randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine combined with HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS from electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, China Science and Technology Journal Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from inception to December 31, 2021. Literature screening will be conducted through EndNote software, and data extraction will be processed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria by two independent researchers. We will use Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16 software for data analysis and publication bias test. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a high-quality evidence for the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine combined with HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this review will provide an objective assessment to evaluate whether Chinese herbal medicine integrated with HAART has the effect of improving the efficiency and depressing the toxicity. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2021110082.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Qian
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yujin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junwen Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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8
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Nosik M, Ryzhov K, Rymanova I, Sobkin A, Kravtchenko A, Kuimova U, Pokrovsky V, Zverev V, Svitich O. Dynamics of Plasmatic Levels of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in HIV-Infected Individuals with M. tuberculosis Co-Infection. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112291. [PMID: 34835417 PMCID: PMC8624412 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV have profound effects on the immune system, which can lead to the activation of viral replication and negatively regulate the activation of T cells. Dysregulation in the production of cytokines necessary to fight HIV and M. tuberculosis may ultimately affect the results of the treatment and be important in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and TB. This work presents the results of a study of the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1RA) in drug-naïve patients with dual infection of HIV/TB at the late stages of HIV-infection, with newly diagnosed HIV and TB, and previously untreated HIV in the process of receiving antiretroviral (ART) and TB treatment vs. a cohort of patients with HIV monoinfection and TB monoinfection. The study revealed that during a double HIV/TB infection, both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are suppressed, and a prolonged dysregulation of the immune response and an increased severity of the disease in pulmonary/extrapulmonary tuberculosis is observed in HIV/TB co-infection. Moreover, it was revealed that a double HIV/TB infection is characterized by delayed and incomplete recovery of immune activity. High levels of IL-6 were detected in patients with HIV/TB co-infection before initiation of dual therapy (2.1-fold increase vs. HIV), which persisted even after 6 months of treatment (8.96-fold increase vs. HIV), unlike other cytokines. The persistent enhanced expression of IL-6 in patients with dual HIV/TB co-infection allows the consideration of it as a potential marker of early detection of M. tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected individuals. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed a statistical trend towards an increase in the incidence of IRIS in patients with high IL-1Ra levels (in the range of 1550–2500 pg/mL): OR = 4.3 (95%CI 3.7–14.12, p = 0.53), which also allows IL-1Ra to be considered as a potential predictive biomarker of the development of TB-IRIS and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nosik
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Konstantin Ryzhov
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
| | - Irina Rymanova
- G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV Infection, 125466 Moscow, Russia; (I.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexandr Sobkin
- G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV Infection, 125466 Moscow, Russia; (I.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexey Kravtchenko
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (U.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Ulyana Kuimova
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (U.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vadim Pokrovsky
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (U.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vitaly Zverev
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
| | - Oxana Svitich
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
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Avendaño-Ortiz J, Rubio-Garrido M, Lozano-Rodríguez R, del Romero J, Rodríguez C, Moreno S, Aguirre LA, Holguín Á, López-Collazo E. Soluble PD-L1: a potential immune marker for HIV-1 infection and virological failure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20065. [PMID: 32443313 PMCID: PMC7254573 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite viral control, basal chronic inflammation and its related comorbidities remain unsolved problems among HIV-infected individuals. Soluble factors derived from myeloid cells have emerged as potent markers associated with HIV-related comorbidities and mortality. In the present report, we explored the relationship between soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) and HIV-1 infection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), CD4/CD8 ratio, viral load (VL), and sexually transmitted coinfections.A prospective observational study on 49 HIV-1 infected adults.We found sPD-L1 levels were significantly higher in 49 HIV infected subjects than in 30 uninfected adults (1.05 ng/ml vs 0.52 ng/ml; P < .001). In this line, sPD-L1 levels were found to be elevated in 16 HIV infected subjects with undetectable VL compared with the uninfected subjects (0.75 ng/ml vs 0.52 ng/ml; P = .02). Thirteen ART-treated individuals with virological failure exhibited the highest sPDL1 levels, which were significantly higher than both 20 ART naïve infected individuals (1.68 ng/ml vs 0.87 ng/ml; P = .003) and the 16 ART-treated individuals with suppressed viremia (1.68 ng/ml vs 0.79 ng/ml; P = 002). Entire cohort data showed a statistically significant positive correlation between VL and sPD-L1 levels in plasma (r = 0.3; P = 036).Our findings reveal sPDL-1 as a potential biomarker for HIV infection especially interesting in those individuals with virological failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Avendaño-Ortiz
- Innate Immunity Group
- TumorImmunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital
| | - Marina Rubio-Garrido
- HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCIS and CIBERESP-RITIP
| | | | | | | | - Santiago Moreno
- HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCIS and CIBERESP-RITIP
| | - Luis A. Aguirre
- Innate Immunity Group
- TumorImmunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital
| | - África Holguín
- HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCIS and CIBERESP-RITIP
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- Innate Immunity Group
- TumorImmunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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