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Huang KT, Wagner LE, Takano T, Lin XX, Bagavant H, Deshmukh U, Yule DI. Dysregulated Ca2+ signaling, fluid secretion, and mitochondrial function in a mouse model of early Sjogrens syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.19.585719. [PMID: 38562738 PMCID: PMC10983907 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.19.585719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Saliva is essential for oral health. The molecular mechanisms leading to physiological fluid secretion are largely established, but factors that underlie secretory hypofunction, specifically related to the autoimmune disease Sjogrens syndrome (SS) are not fully understood. A major conundrum is the lack of association between the severity of inflammatory immune cell infiltration within the salivary glands and glandular hypofunction. In this study, we investigated in a mouse model system, mechanisms of glandular hypofunction caused by the activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Glandular hypofunction and SS-like disease were induced by treatment with 5,6-Dimethyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), a small molecule agonist of murine STING. Contrary to our expectations, despite a significant reduction in fluid secretion in DMXAA-treated mice, in vivo imaging demonstrated that neural stimulation resulted in greatly enhanced spatially averaged cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Notably, however, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the Ca2+ signals were altered to signals that propagated throughout the entire cytoplasm as opposed to largely apically confined Ca2+ rises observed without treatment. Despite the augmented Ca2+ signals, muscarinic stimulation resulted in reduced activation of TMEM16a, although there were no changes in channel abundance or absolute sensitivity to Ca2+. However, super-resolution microscopy revealed a disruption in the intimate colocalization of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor Ca2+ release channels in relation to TMEM16a. TMEM16a channel activation was also reduced when intracellular Ca2+ buffering was increased. These data are consistent with altered local coupling between the channels contributing to the reduced activation of TMEM16a. Appropriate Ca2+ signaling is also pivotal for mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics and secretion is an energetically expensive process. Disrupted mitochondrial morphology, a depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced oxygen consumption rate were observed in DMXAA-treated animals compared to control animals. We report that early in SS disease, dysregulated Ca2+ signals lead to decreased fluid secretion and disrupted mitochondrial function contributing to salivary gland hypofunction and likely the progression of SS disease.
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Yang Y, Zhang H, Xiao X, Guo M. PANoptosis Features, a Humanized NSG Murine Model of Sjogren's Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:207-218. [PMID: 38635961 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease. This study aims to elucidate a humanized NOD-PrkdcscidIl2rgem1/Smoc (NSG) murine model to better clarify the pathogenesis of SS. NSG female mice were adoptively transferred with 10 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through the tail vein from healthy controls (HCs), primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients on D0. The mice were subcutaneously injected with C57/B6j submandibular gland (SG) protein or phosphate-buffered saline on D3, D17 and D31, respectively. NSG mice were successfully transplanted with human PBMCs. Compared with NSG-HC group, NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice exhibited a large number of lymphocytes infiltration in the SG, decreased salivary flow rate, lung involvement, decreased expression of genes related to salivary secretion, and the production of autoantibodies. Type I interferon-related genes were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. The ratio of BAX/BCL2, BAX, cleaved caspase3, and TUNEL staining were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. The expressions of p-MLKL and p-RIPK3 were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. Increased expression of type I interferon-related genes, PANoptosis (apoptosis and necroptosis) were identified in the SG of this typical humanized NSG murine model of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Muyao Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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García-Arévalo F, Leija-Montoya AG, González-Ramírez J, Isiordia-Espinoza M, Serafín-Higuera I, Fuchen-Ramos DM, Vazquez-Jimenez JG, Serafín-Higuera N. Modulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cell functions by oral inflammatory diseases and important oral pathogens. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349067. [PMID: 38495880 PMCID: PMC10940359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity presents a diverse microbiota in a dynamic balance with the host. Disruption of the microbial community can promote dysregulation of local immune response which could generate oral diseases. Additionally, alterations in host immune system can result in inflammatory disorders. Different microorganisms have been associated with establishment and progression of the oral diseases. Oral cavity pathogens/diseases can modulate components of the inflammatory response. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) own immunoregulatory functions and have been involved in different inflammatory conditions such as infectious processes, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of generation, phenotypes, and biological functions of the MDSCs in oral inflammatory diseases. Also, it is addressed the biological aspects of MDSCs in presence of major oral pathogens. MDSCs have been mainly analyzed in periodontal disease and Sjögren's syndrome and could be involved in the outcome of these diseases. Studies including the participation of MDSCs in other important oral diseases are very scarce. Major oral bacterial and fungal pathogens can modulate expansion, subpopulations, recruitment, metabolism, immunosuppressive activity and osteoclastogenic potential of MDSCs. Moreover, MDSC plasticity is exhibited in presence of oral inflammatory diseases/oral pathogens and appears to be relevant in the disease progression and potentially useful in the searching of possible treatments. Further analyses of MDSCs in oral cavity context could allow to understand the contribution of these cells in the fine-tuned balance between host immune system and microorganism of the oral biofilm, as well as their involvement in the development of oral diseases when this balance is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Arévalo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud Mexicali, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, BC, Mexico
| | | | - Javier González-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud Mexicali, Facultad de Enfermería Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, BC, Mexico
| | - Mario Isiordia-Espinoza
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Clínicas, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jal, Mexico
| | - Idanya Serafín-Higuera
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, BC, Mexico
| | - Dulce Martha Fuchen-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud Mexicali, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, BC, Mexico
| | | | - Nicolas Serafín-Higuera
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud Mexicali, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, BC, Mexico
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Wang YH, Li W, McDermott M, Son GY, Maiti G, Zhou F, Tao A, Raphael D, Moreira AL, Shen B, Vaeth M, Nadorp B, Chakravarti S, Lacruz RS, Feske S. Regulatory T cells and IFN-γ-producing Th1 cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.23.576314. [PMID: 38328096 PMCID: PMC10849570 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.576314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Sjögren's Disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive dysfunction, inflammation and destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands, and by extraglandular manifestations. Its etiology and pathophysiology remain incompletely understood, though a role for autoreactive B cells has been considered key. Here, we investigated the role of effector and regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of SjD. Methods Histological analysis, RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry were conducted on glands, lungs, eyes and lymphoid tissues of mice with regulatory T cell-specific deletion of stromal interaction proteins (STIM) 1 and 2 ( Stim1/2 Foxp3 ), which play key roles in calcium signaling and T cell function. The pathogenicity of T cells from Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice was investigated through adoptively transfer into lymphopenic host mice. Additionally, single-cell transcriptomic analysis was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with SjD and control subjects. Results Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice develop a severe SjD-like disorder including salivary gland (SG) and lacrimal gland (LG) inflammation and dysfunction, autoantibodies and extraglandular symptoms. SG inflammation in Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice is characterized by T and B cell infiltration, and transcriptionally by a Th1 immune response that correlates strongly with the dysregulation observed in patients with SjD. Adoptive transfer of effector T cells from Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice demonstrates that the SjD-like disease is driven by interferon (IFN)-γ producing autoreactive CD4 + T cells independently of B cells and autoantiboodies. scRNA-seq analysis identifies increased Th1 responses and attenuated memory Treg function in PBMCs of patients with SjD. Conclusions We report a more accurate mouse model of SjD while providing evidence for a critical role of Treg cells and IFN-γ producing Th1 cells in the pathogenesis of SjD, which may be effective targets for therapy.
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Liu R, Zhang Y, Li K, Xu H, Cheng Z, Pang F, Wu H, Guo Z, He J, Tang X, Zhou X, Jiang Q. Effect of acupuncture on regulating IL-17, TNF-ɑ and AQPs in Sjögren's syndrome. Oral Dis 2024; 30:50-62. [PMID: 37518974 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to observe the effect of acupuncture on regulating interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-ɑ, and aquaporins (AQPs) in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) on patients and on non-obese diabetic (NOD) models. METHODS Levels of anti-AQP 1, 5, 8, and 9 antibodies, IL-17, and TNF-ɑ in the serum of SS patients were compared prior and following 20 acupuncture treatment visits during 8 weeks. While in murine model, five groups were divided to receive interventions for 4 weeks, including control, model, acupuncture, isoflurane, and hydroxychloroquine. The submaxillofacial gland index, histology, immunohistochemistry of AQP1, 5, salivary flow, together with IL-17, and TNF-ɑ expression in peripheral blood were compared among the groups. RESULTS Acupuncture reduced IL-17, TNF-ɑ, and immunoglobin A levels, and numeric analog scale of dryness in 14 patients with SS (p < 0.05). The salivary flow was increased, and the water intake decreased in NOD mice receiving acupuncture treatments. IL-17 and TNF-ɑ levels in peripheral serum were down-regulated (p < 0.05) and AQP1, 5 expression in the submandibular glands up-regulated in mice. CONCLUSION The effect on relieving xerostomia with acupuncture may be achieved by up-regulating the expression of AQP1. AQP5, down-regulating levels of IL-17 and TNF-ɑ, and a decrease in inflammation of glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kesong Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haodong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengyu Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengtao Pang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hengbo Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi, China
| | - Zilin Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale He
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopo Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Qiu X, Wang B, Gong H, Bu S, Li P, Zhao R, Li M, Zhu L, Huo X. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome in primary Sjögren syndrome. Genomics 2024; 116:110767. [PMID: 38128705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a intricate autoimmune disease mainly characterized of immune-mediated destruction of exocrine tissues, such as salivary and lacrimal glands, occurring dry mouth and eyes. Although some breakthroughs in understanding pSS have been uncovered, many questions remain about its pathogenesis, especially the internal relations between exocrine glands and secretions. METHOD Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were conducted on salivary tissues and saliva in experimental Sjögren syndrome (ESS). The ESS model was established by immunization with salivary gland protein. The expression of mRNAs and proteins in salivary tissues and saliva were determined by high-throughput sequencing transcriptomic analysis and LC-MS/MS-based proteome, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to recognize dysregulated genes and proteins. The association between RNA and protein abundance was investigated to provides a comprehensive understanding of RNA-protein correlations in the pathogenesis of pSS. RESULTS As a result, we successfully established the ESS model. We recognized 3221 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 253 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The sample analysis showed that 61 proteins overlapped through the integrative analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data. The enrichment pathway analysis of DEGs and DEPs in samples showed alterations in renin-angiotensin-system (RAS), lysosome, and apoptosis. Notably, we found that some genes, such as AGT, FN1, Klk1b26, Klk1, Klk1b5, Klk1b3 had a consistent trend in the regulation at the RNA and protein levels and might be potential diagnostic biomarkers of pSS. CONCLUSION Herein, we found critical processes and potential biomakers that may contribute to pSS pathogenesis by analyzing dysregulated genes and pathways. Additionally, the integrative multi-omics datasets provided additional insight into understanding complicated disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beijia Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hongxiao Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Su Bu
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, Scientific Research Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Runzhi Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Mingde Li
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, Scientific Research Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Xingxing Huo
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, Scientific Research Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Wang S, Yu J, Yang J, Ge Y, Tian J. Effects of iguratimod on inflammatory factors and apoptosis of submandibular gland epithelial cells in NOD mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18205. [PMID: 37875724 PMCID: PMC10597989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were taken as primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) model mice to examine the therapeutic impact of iguratimod (IGU) on inflammatory factors levels and apoptosis of submandibular epithelial cells, and provide experimental basis for the treatment of pSS by iguratimod. Twenty-four NOD murine models were divided into the model, high-dose (IGU 30 mg/kg) and low-dose (IGU 10 mg/kg) groups, eight mice per group. The normal control group comprised eight C57B/L mice. From 8 weeks of age, the NOD mice were administered IGU by intragastric gavage administration every day for 8 weeks; their water consumption, saliva secretion, submandibular gland, and spleen indices were measured. The levels of serum inflammatory factor (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17) were evaluated, and Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 levels were detected. The histological alterations in the submandibular glands were discovered. IGU can reduce the water intake of NOD mice (p < 0.01), increase the saliva secretion and the submandibular gland index (p < 0.01); reduce the spleen index and the serum inflammatory factors (p < 0.01); improve the pathological tissue damage and cell apoptosis of the submandibular gland (p < 0.05). IGU can reduce the expression levels of inflammatory mediators in the serum and the extent of lymphocyte infiltration and apoptosis in submandibular gland epithelial cells. It can also regulate apoptosis-related protein expression, thereby improving the secretory function of exocrine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Wang
- Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, Hunan, China
| | - Jiake Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Ge
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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Mieliauskaitė D, Kontenis V, Šiaurys A. Lessons from Animal Models in Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12995. [PMID: 37629175 PMCID: PMC10454747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a connective tissue disease characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical features, extending from a benign glandular disease to an aggressive systemic disorder and/or lymphoma. The pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is not completely understood, but it is assumed that pathogenesis of SS is multifactorial. The studies based on the animal models of SS provided significant insight in SS disease pathogenesis and management. The aim of this review is to summarize current studies on animal models with primary SS-like symptoms and discuss the impact of these studies on better understanding pathogenesis and management of Sjögren's syndrome. Databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library were searched for summarizing studies on animal models in SS. Available data demonstrate that animal models are highly important for our understanding of SS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Mieliauskaitė
- State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Department of Experimental, Preventive and Clinical Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Vilius Kontenis
- State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Department of Experimental, Preventive and Clinical Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Almantas Šiaurys
- State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Brzezicka KA, Paulson JC. Impact of Siglecs on autoimmune diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101140. [PMID: 36055802 PMCID: PMC9905255 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases affect tens of millions of people just in the United States alone. Most of the available treatment options are aimed at reducing symptoms but do not lead to cures. Individuals affected with autoimmune diseases suffer from the imbalance between tolerogenic and immunogenic functions of their immune system. Often pathogenesis is mediated by autoreactive B and T cells that escape central tolerance and react against self-antigens attacking healthy tissues in the body. In recent years Siglecs, sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectins, have gained attention as immune checkpoints for therapeutic interventions to dampen excessive immune responses and to restore immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases. Many Siglecs function as inhibitory receptors suppressing activation signals in various immune cells through binding to sialic acid ligands as signatures of self. In this review, we highlight potential of Siglecs in suppressing immune responses causing autoimmune diseases. In particular, we cover the roles of CD22 and Siglec-G/Siglec-10 in regulating autoreactive B cell responses. We discuss several functions of Siglec-10 in the immune modulation of other immune cells, and the potential of therapeutic strategies for restoring immune tolerance by targeting Siglecs and expanding regulatory T cells. Finally, we briefly review efforts evaluating Siglec-based biomarkers to monitor autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Alicja Brzezicka
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Trotta MC, Herman H, Balta C, Rosu M, Ciceu A, Mladin B, Gesualdo C, Lepre CC, Russo M, Petrillo F, Pieretti G, Simonelli F, Rossi S, D’Amico M, Hermenean A. Oral Administration of Vitamin D3 Prevents Corneal Damage in a Knock-Out Mouse Model of Sjögren's Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020616. [PMID: 36831152 PMCID: PMC9953695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with dry eye development during Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Here, we investigated whether repeated oral vitamin D3 supplementation could prevent the corneal epithelium damage in an SS mouse model. METHODS 30 female mouse knock-out for the thrombospondin 1 gene were randomized (six per group) in untreated mice euthanized at 6 weeks as negative control (C-) or at 12 weeks as the positive control for dry eye (C+). Other mice were sacrificed after 6 weeks of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in the drinking water (1000, 8000, and 20,000 IU/kg/week, respectively). RESULTS The C+ mice showed alterations in their corneal epithelial morphologies and thicknesses (p < 0.01 vs. C-), while the mice receiving 8000 (M) and 20,000 (H) IU/kg/week of vitamin D3 showed preservation of the corneal epithelium morphology and thickness (p < 0.01 vs. C+). Moreover, while the C+ mice exhibited high levels and activity of corneal tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE), neovascularization and fibrosis markers; these were all reduced in the M and H mice. CONCLUSIONS Oral vitamin D3 supplementation appeared to counteract the negative effect of TACE on corneal epithelium in a mouse model of SS-associated dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Hildegard Herman
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Marcel Rosu
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Alina Ciceu
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Bianca Mladin
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Claudia Lepre
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrillo
- PhD Course in Translational Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gorizio Pieretti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Michele D’Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
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Gong H, Qiu X, Li P, Zhao R, Wang B, Zhu L, Huo X. Immune infiltration analysis reveals immune cell signatures in salivary gland tissue of primary Sjögren's syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1033232. [PMID: 36744136 PMCID: PMC9889644 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1033232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mouse models are the basis for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) research. However, the depth of comparisons between mice and humans in salivary gland (SG) immune cells remains limited. Methods The gene expression profiles of SGs from normal subjects and pSS patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Comprehensive Database. The proportion of infiltrating immune cell subsets was then assessed by cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT). An experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS) mouse model was successfully constructed using SG protein. Based on mouse SG tissue RNA-Seq data, the seq-ImmuCC model was used to quantitatively analyze the compositional ratios of 10 immune cells in pSS patients and mouse model SG tissues. Results Computed and obtained 31 human data samples using the CIBERSORT deconvolution method. The immune cell infiltration results showed that, compared to normal human SG tissue, the content of gamma delta T cells was significantly different from naive CD4+ T cells and significantly increased, while the plasma cell content decreased. Principal component analysis indicated differences in immune cell infiltration between pSS patients and normal subjects. Meanwhile, for ESS model mouse data analysis, we found that the proportion of macrophages increased, while the proportion of CD4+ T cells, B cells, and monocytes decreased. Furthermore, we found that the proportion of monocytes was decreased, while the proportion of macrophages was increased in the SG tissues of pSS patients and model mice. The infiltration of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and B cells also showed some differences. Discussion We comprehensively analyzed SG immune infiltration in pSS patients and model mice. We demonstrated conserved and nonconserved aspects of the immune system in mice and humans at the level of immune cells to help explain the primary regulation of immune mechanisms during the development of Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Gong
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoting Qiu
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Runzhi Zhao
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Beijia Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,Ling Zhu,
| | - Xingxing Huo
- Department of Scientific Research, Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Xingxing Huo,
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12
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The composition and function profile of the gut microbiota of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:1315-1326. [PMID: 36598587 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This healthy volunteer control-based study was conducted to explore alterations of compositions and function of gut microbiota in Chinese pSS patients. METHOD The high-throughput Illumina Miseq sequencing method, targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, was used to compare the microbiota communities between 30 pSS patients and 30 age-matched healthy volunteers. The intestinal dysbiosis of pSS patients was evaluated and its correlation with some disease phenotypes was analyzed. Furthermore, we performed the amino acid sequence alignment analysis to illustrate the molecular mimicry patterns of new microbial peptides. RESULTS Compared with that in healthy controls, the composition and function of the gut microbiota significantly differed in pSS patients. Certain genera and species, including genera: Escherichia-Shigella, Sardovia, Veillonella, Insteinimonas, and Lactobacillales; species: Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus phage Sal3, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus lutetiensis, Streptococcus mutans, Scardovia wiggsiae, and Fusobacterrium ulcerans were found to be enriched in the feces of pSS patients, while butyrate-producing bacteria were less abundant in pSS patients. Certain genera (including Lactobacillales) and species (including Lactobacillus gasseri) were associated with disease severity and therapy resistance parameters. Autoantigen epitopes of "WPSALPT, NPARSFG, MNPARSFG, and AFGLAIGT" from aquaporin-5 were aligned perfectly with one enriched microbiota of patients with pSS, namely Escherichia coli. CONCLUSIONS The composition and function of the gut microbiota significantly differed in pSS patients compared with that in healthy controls. Our study would facilitate the possible research on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of pSS.
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Jasmer KJ, Muñoz Forti K, Woods LT, Cha S, Weisman GA. Therapeutic potential for P2Y 2 receptor antagonism. Purinergic Signal 2022:10.1007/s11302-022-09900-3. [PMID: 36219327 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors are the target of more than 30% of all FDA-approved drug therapies. Though the purinergic P2 receptors have been an attractive target for therapeutic intervention with successes such as the P2Y12 receptor antagonist, clopidogrel, P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) antagonism remains relatively unexplored as a therapeutic strategy. Due to a lack of selective antagonists to modify P2Y2R activity, studies using primarily genetic manipulation have revealed roles for P2Y2R in a multitude of diseases. These include inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, fibrotic diseases, renal diseases, cancer, and pathogenic infections. With the advent of AR-C118925, a selective and potent P2Y2R antagonist that became commercially available only a few years ago, new opportunities exist to gain a more robust understanding of P2Y2R function and assess therapeutic effects of P2Y2R antagonism. This review discusses the characteristics of P2Y2R that make it unique among P2 receptors, namely its involvement in five distinct signaling pathways including canonical Gαq protein signaling. We also discuss the effects of other P2Y2R antagonists and the pivotal development of AR-C118925. The remainder of this review concerns the mounting evidence implicating P2Y2Rs in disease pathogenesis, focusing on those studies that have evaluated AR-C118925 in pre-clinical disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Jasmer
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kevin Muñoz Forti
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lucas T Woods
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Orphaned Autoimmune Disorders, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gary A Weisman
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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14
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Liu Z, Chu A. Sjögren's Syndrome and Viral Infections. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1051-1059. [PMID: 34227038 PMCID: PMC8380615 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the secretory glands. This leads to dryness of the main mucosal surfaces such as the mouth, eyes, nose, larynx, pharynx, and vagina. Although there is little morbidity data at the initial diagnosis, SS may be a serious disease, with extra mortality caused by hematological cancer. The cause of SS is unknown, but factors postulated to play a role include genetic and environmental factors, hormonal abnormality, and viral infection. Under the influence of these factors, the immune system becomes abnormal and the tissue is damaged. In this study, we summarize recent developments in our understanding of the relationship between SS and viral infections, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Rheumatism Immunity, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Aichun Chu
- Department of Rheumatism Immunity, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Wang B, Chen S, Zheng Q, Li Y, Zhang X, Xuan J, Liu Y, Shi G. Early diagnosis and treatment for Sjögren's syndrome: current challenges, redefined disease stages and future prospects. J Autoimmun 2020; 117:102590. [PMID: 33310686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There are some challenges and unmet needs in the early diagnosis and management of Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) such as prominent glandular dysfunction at diagnosis and long diagnostic delay. Those challenges are partly attributed to the lack of a good knowledge of the early stages of SjS, which is a major obstacle to delivering appropriate care to SjS patients. Findings from both clinical and experimental studies suggest the plausibility of a redefined SjS course consisting of 4 stages, which includes initiation stage, preclinical stage, asymptomatic SjS stage and overt SjS stage. More studies focusing on the pathological processes and changes during the early stages of SjS are needed. To enable early diagnosis and treatment for SjS, more useful biomarkers of the early stages of SjS need to be identified, and individuals at high risk of SjS development need to be identified. Appropriate screening can be performed to facilitate the early diagnosis of SjS among those high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Shiju Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Jingxiu Xuan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
| | - Guixiu Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Xiamen, 361003, China.
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