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Zhou Y, Li Z, Yu S, Wang X, Xie T, Zhang W. Iguratimod prevents renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction model mice by suppressing M2 macrophage infiltration and macrophage-myofibroblast transition. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2327498. [PMID: 38666363 PMCID: PMC11057400 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2327498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Iguratimod is a novel synthetic, small-molecule immunosuppressive agent used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Through ongoing exploration of its role and mechanisms of action, iguratimod has been observed to have antifibrotic effects in the lung and skin; however, its effect on renal fibrosis remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether iguratimod could affect renal fibrosis progression. Three different concentrations of iguratimod (30 mg/kg/day, 10 mg/kg/day, and 3 mg/kg/day) were used to intervene in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model mice. Iguratimod at 10 mg/kg/day was observed to be effective in slowing UUO-mediated renal fibrosis. In addition, stimulating bone marrow-derived macrophages with IL-4 and/or iguratimod, or with TGF-β and iguratimod or SRC inhibitors in vitro, suggested that iguratimod mitigates the progression of renal fibrosis in UUO mice, at least in part, by inhibiting the IL-4/STAT6 signaling pathway to attenuate renal M2 macrophage infiltration, as well as by impeding SRC activation to reduce macrophage-myofibroblast transition. These findings reveal the potential of iguratimod as a treatment for renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Zhou
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhilan Li
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shenyi Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiru Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Warren WG, Osborn M, Duffy P, Yates A, O'Sullivan SE. Potential safety implications of fatty acid-binding protein inhibition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 491:117079. [PMID: 39218163 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are small intracellular proteins that regulate fatty acid metabolism, transport, and signalling. There are ten known human isoforms, many of which are upregulated and involved in clinical pathologies. As such, FABP inhibition may be beneficial in disease states such as cancer, and those involving the cardiovascular system, metabolism, immunity, and cognition. Recently, a potent, selective FABP5 inhibitor (ART26.12), with 90-fold selectivity to FABP3 and 20-fold selectivity to FABP7, was found to be remarkably benign, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level of 1000 mg/kg in rats and dogs, showing no genotoxicity, cardiovascular, central, or respiratory toxicity. To understand the potential implication of FABP inhibition more fully, this review systematically assessed literature investigating genetic knockout, knockdown, and pharmacological inhibition of FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, or FABP7. Analysis of the literature revealed that animals bred not to express FABPs showed the most biological effects, suggesting key roles of these proteins during development. FABP ablation sometimes exacerbated symptoms of disease models, particularly those linked to metabolism, inflammatory and immune responses, cardiac contractility, neurogenesis, and cognition. However, FABP inhibition (genetic silencing or pharmacological) had a positive effect in many more disease conditions. Several polymorphisms of each FABP gene have also been linked to pathological conditions, but it was unclear how several polymorphisms affected protein function. Overall, analysis of the literature to date suggests that pharmacological inhibition of FABPs in adults is of low risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Warren
- Artelo Biosciences Limited, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom.
| | - Myles Osborn
- Artelo Biosciences Limited, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Duffy
- Apconix Ltd., Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Yates
- Artelo Biosciences Limited, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
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Du L, Wang X, Guo Y, Tao T, Wu H, Xu X, Zhang B, Chen T, Xu Q, Guo X. Altered lipid metabolism promoting cardiac fibrosis is mediated by CD34 + cell-derived FABP4 + fibroblasts. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1869-1886. [PMID: 39198543 PMCID: PMC11372182 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia and hypertension might play a role in cardiac fibrosis, in which a heterogeneous population of fibroblasts seems important. However, it is unknown whether CD34+ progenitor cells are involved in the pathogenesis of heart fibrosis. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of CD34+ cell differentiation in cardiac fibrosis during hyperlipidemia. Through the analysis of transcriptomes from 50,870 single cells extracted from mouse hearts and 76,851 single cells from human hearts, we have effectively demonstrated the evolving cellular landscape throughout cardiac fibrosis. Disturbances in lipid metabolism can accelerate the development of fibrosis. Through the integration of bone marrow transplantation models and lineage tracing, our study showed that hyperlipidemia can expedite the differentiation of non-bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells into fibroblasts, particularly FABP4+ fibroblasts, in response to angiotensin II. Interestingly, the partial depletion of CD34+ cells led to a notable reduction in triglycerides in the heart, mitigated fibrosis, and improved cardiac function. Furthermore, immunostaining of human heart tissue revealed colocalization of CD34+ cells and fibroblasts. Mechanistically, our investigation of single-cell RNA sequencing data through pseudotime analysis combined with in vitro cellular studies revealed the crucial role of the PPARγ/Akt/Gsk3β pathway in orchestrating the differentiation of CD34+ cells into FABP4+ fibroblasts. Through our study, we generated valuable insights into the cellular landscape of CD34+ cell-derived cells in the hypertrophic heart with hyperlipidemia, indicating that the differentiation of non-bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells into FABP4+ fibroblasts during this process accelerates lipid accumulation and promotes heart failure via the PPARγ/Akt/Gsk3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bohuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Health care, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Lathan R. Exploring unconventional targets in myofibroblast transdifferentiation outside classical TGF- β signaling in renal fibrosis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1296504. [PMID: 38808357 PMCID: PMC11130449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1296504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
We propose that the key initiators of renal fibrosis are myofibroblasts which originate from four predominant sources-fibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells and macrophages. Increased accumulation of renal interstitial myofibroblasts correlates with an increase in collagen, fibrillar proteins, and fibrosis severity. The canonical TGF-β pathway, signaling via Smad proteins, is the central molecular hub that initiates these cellular transformations. However, directly targeting these classical pathway molecules has proven challenging due their integral roles in metabolic process, and/or non-sustainable effects involving compensatory cross-talk with TGF-β. This review explores recently discovered alternative molecular targets that drive transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts. Discovering targets outside of the classical TGF-β/Smad pathway is crucial for advancing antifibrotic therapies, and strategically targeting the development of myofibroblasts offers a promising approach to control excessive extracellular matrix deposition and impede fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Lathan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Qin R, Ma X, Pu S, Shen C, Hu D, Liu C, Wang K, Wang Y. Identification and validation of a signature based on myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast marker genes for predicting prognosis, immune infiltration, and therapeutic response in bladder cancer. Investig Clin Urol 2024; 65:263-278. [PMID: 38714517 PMCID: PMC11076800 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20230300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts (myCAFs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment closely associated with tumor stromal remodeling and immunosuppression. This study aimed to explore myCAFs marker gene biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and therapy for patients with bladder cancer (BC). MATERIALS AND METHODS BC single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Sequence Read Archive. Transcriptome and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Subsequently, univariate Cox and LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression) regression analyses were performed to construct a prognostic signature. Immune cell activity was estimated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis whilst the TIDE (tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion) method was employed to assess patient response to immunotherapy. The chemotherapy response of patients with BC was evaluated using genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer. Furthermore, Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the correlation between MAP1B expression and immunotherapy efficacy. The scRNA-seq data were analyzed to identify myCAFs marker genes. RESULTS Combined with bulk RNA-sequencing data, we constructed a two-gene (COL6A1 and MAP1B) risk signature. In patients with BC, the signature demonstrated outstanding prognostic value, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy response. This signature served as a crucial guide for the selection of anti-tumor chemotherapy medications. Additionally, immunohistochemistry confirmed that MAP1B expression was significantly correlated with immunotherapy efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a typical prognostic signature based on myCAF marker genes, which offers patients with BC a novel treatment target alongside theoretical justification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Qin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaocheng Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi Pu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengquan Shen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ding Hu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changxue Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kongjia Wang
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Reiss AB, Jacob B, Zubair A, Srivastava A, Johnson M, De Leon J. Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1881. [PMID: 38610646 PMCID: PMC11012936 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slowly progressive condition characterized by decreased kidney function, tubular injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation. CKD is a leading global health burden that is asymptomatic in early stages but can ultimately cause kidney failure. Its etiology is complex and involves dysregulated signaling pathways that lead to fibrosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a central mediator in promoting transdifferentiation of polarized renal tubular epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, resulting in irreversible kidney injury. While current therapies are limited, the search for more effective diagnostic and treatment modalities is intensive. Although biopsy with histology is the most accurate method of diagnosis and staging, imaging techniques such as diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and shear wave elastography ultrasound are less invasive ways to stage fibrosis. Current therapies such as renin-angiotensin blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors aim to delay progression. Newer antifibrotic agents that suppress the downstream inflammatory mediators involved in the fibrotic process are in clinical trials, and potential therapeutic targets that interfere with TGF-β signaling are being explored. Small interfering RNAs and stem cell-based therapeutics are also being evaluated. Further research and clinical studies are necessary in order to avoid dialysis and kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (B.J.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (J.D.L.)
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7
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Huang Y, Cui X, Li Z, Yuan S, Han Y, Xu X, Fu X, Shi K, Zhang Z, Wei J, Xia S, Xiao Y, Xue S, Sun L, Liu H, Zhu X. High-expression of FABP4 in Tubules is a Risk Factor for Poor Prognosis in DKD Patients. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3436-3446. [PMID: 38299395 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673268265231228125431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism imbalance is involved in the mechanism of renal tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been reported to participate in cellular lipid toxicity. However, the expression of FABP4 in renal tissues of DKD and its correlation with clinical/ pathological parameters and prognosis have not been studied. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 108 hospitalized Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with renal injury, including 70 with DKD and 38 with NDKD (non-DKD). Clinical features, pathological findings, and follow-up parameters were collected. Serum and urine FABP4 were detected by ELISA. An immunohistochemistry stain was used to determine FABP4 in renal tubulointerstitium. A double immunofluorescence stain was employed to assess FABP4- and CD68-positive macrophages. Correlation analysis, logistic regression models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS DKD patients had increased expression of FABP4 and ectopic fat deposition in tubules. As shown by correlation analyses, FABP4 expression in renal tubules was positively correlated with UNAG (r=0.589, p=0.044) and ESRD (r=0.740, p=0.004). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that UNAG level was correlated with FABP4 expression level above median value (odds ratio:1.154, 95% confidence interval:1.009-1.321, p=0.037). High-expression of FABP4 in renal tubules of DKD was at an increased risk of ESRD. Increased FABP4 expression in inflammatory cells was also associated with ESRD in DKD. CONCLUSION High-expression of FABP4 is involved in the pathogenesis of renal tubular lipid injury and is a risk factor for poor prognosis in DKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangqing Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kewen Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zurong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinying Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shiyu Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Song Xue
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wang B, Yang LN, Yang LT, Liang Y, Guo F, Fu P, Ma L. Fisetin ameliorates fibrotic kidney disease in mice via inhibiting ACSL4-mediated tubular ferroptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:150-165. [PMID: 37696989 PMCID: PMC10770410 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01156-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, whereas no effective anti-fibrotic therapies exist. Recent evidence has shown that tubular ferroptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of CKD with persistent proinflammatory and profibrotic responses. We previously reported that natural flavonol fisetin alleviated septic acute kidney injury and protected against hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of fisetin against fibrotic kidney disease and the underlying mechanisms. We established adenine diet-induced and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD models in adult male mice. The two types of mice were administered fisetin (50 or 100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for 3 weeks or 7 days, respectively. At the end of the experiments, the mice were euthanized, and blood and kidneys were gathered for analyzes. We showed that fisetin administration significantly ameliorated tubular injury, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the two types of CKD mice. In mouse renal tubular epithelial (TCMK-1) cells, treatment with fisetin (20 μM) significantly suppressed adenine- or TGF-β1-induced inflammatory responses and fibrogenesis, and improved cell viability. By quantitative real-time PCR analysis of ferroptosis-related genes, we demonstrated that fisetin treatment inhibited ferroptosis in the kidneys of CKD mice as well as in injured TCMK-1 cells, as evidenced by decreased ACSL4, COX2, and HMGB1, and increased GPX4. Fisetin treatment effectively restored ultrastructural abnormalities of mitochondrial morphology and restored the elevated iron, the reduced GSH and GSH/GSSG as well as the increased lipid peroxide MDA in the kidneys of CKD mice. Notably, abnormally high expression of the ferroptosis key marker ACSL4 was verified in the renal tubules of CKD patients (IgAN, MN, FSGS, LN, and DN) as well as adenine- or UUO-induced CKD mice, and in injured TCMK-1 cells. In adenine- and TGF-β1-treated TCMK-1 cells, ACSL4 knockdown inhibited tubular ferroptosis, while ACSL4 overexpression blocked the anti-ferroptotic effect of fisetin and reversed the cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects of fisetin. In summary, we reveal a novel aspect of the nephroprotective effect of fisetin, i.e. inhibiting ACSL4-mediated tubular ferroptosis against fibrotic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li-Na Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Le-Tian Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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9
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Yeh J, Huang C, Leu H, Yin W, Tseng W, Wu Y, Lin T, Yeh H, Chang K, Wang J, Wu C, Chen J. Fatty acid-binding protein-3 and renal function decline in patients with chronic coronary syndrome. Clin Cardiol 2024; 47:e24210. [PMID: 38269633 PMCID: PMC10788638 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal dysfunction is common in patients with coronary artery disease. Due to the shared vascular pathogenesis between the two conditions, novel biomarkers such as the fatty acid-binding protein-3 (FABP-3) have been proposed for diagnosis and prognosis prediction. This multicentre prospective cohort study investigates the association between FABP-3 and renal dysfunction. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that higher FABP-3 levels are correlated to worse renal outcome. METHODS Patients with chronic coronary syndrome were classified into three groups based on the initial serum FABP-3 levels. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation was used to estimate the patient's renal function. Renal events were defined as >25% and >50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Cox multivariable regression was employed to delineate the correlation between FABP-3 and renal dysfunction. RESULTS A total of 1606 subjects were included. During a mean follow-up of 35.9 months, there were 239 patients with eGFR >25% reduction and 60 patients with >50% reduction. In the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test, increased levels of FABP-3 were significantly correlated with eGFR >25% reduction (p < .001) and >50% reduction (p < .001). Multivariate Cox regression model revealed that subjects with higher FABP-3 exhibited a greater risk of eGFR >25% reduction (Group 2: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.328, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.521-3.562, p < .001; Group 3: HR = 3.054, 95% CI = 1.952-4.776, p < .001) and >50% reduction (Group 3: HR = 4.838, 95% CI = 1.722-13.591, p = .003). CONCLUSIONS Serum FABP-3 may serve as a novel biomarker to predict eGFR decline in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn‐Tyng Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Medical EducationTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Chou Huang
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Cardiovascular Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hsin‐Bang Leu
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Cardiovascular Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Healthcare and Services CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Hsian Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Heart CenterCheng‐Hsin General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Kung Tseng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological SciencesI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of CardiologyE‐Da HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Wen Wu
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical CenterFar Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Tsung‐Hsien Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Hung‐I Yeh
- Mackay Medical CollegeMackay Memorial HospitalNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Kuan‐Cheng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of CardiologyChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Ji‐Hung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu‐Chi General HospitalTzu‐Chi UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Chau‐Chung Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of CardiologyNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Bioethics, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jaw‐Wen Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Cardiovascular Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Healthcare and Services CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Medical Research and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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10
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Yang Q, Huo E, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Dong C, Asara JM, Shi H, Wei Q. Myeloid PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis promotes kidney fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1259434. [PMID: 38035106 PMCID: PMC10687406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive renal fibrosis is a common pathology in progressive chronic kidney diseases. Inflammatory injury and aberrant repair processes contribute to the development of kidney fibrosis. Myeloid cells, particularly monocytes/macrophages, play a crucial role in kidney fibrosis by releasing their proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix components such as collagen and fibronectin into the microenvironment of the injured kidney. Numerous signaling pathways have been identified in relation to these activities. However, the involvement of metabolic pathways in myeloid cell functions during the development of renal fibrosis remains understudied. In our study, we initially reanalyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data of renal myeloid cells from Dr. Denby's group and observed an increased gene expression in glycolytic pathway in myeloid cells that are critical for renal inflammation and fibrosis. To investigate the role of myeloid glycolysis in renal fibrosis, we utilized a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice deficient of Pfkfb3, an activator of glycolysis, in myeloid cells (Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ ) and their wild type littermates (Pfkfb3 WT). We observed a significant reduction in fibrosis in the obstructive kidneys of Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ mice compared to Pfkfb3 WT mice. This was accompanied by a substantial decrease in macrophage infiltration, as well as a decrease of M1 and M2 macrophages and a suppression of macrophage to obtain myofibroblast phenotype in the obstructive kidneys of Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ mice. Mechanistic studies indicate that glycolytic metabolites stabilize HIF1α, leading to alterations in macrophage phenotype that contribute to renal fibrosis. In conclusion, our study implicates that targeting myeloid glycolysis represents a novel approach to inhibit renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Yang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Emily Huo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Augusta Preparatory Day School, Martinez, GA, United States
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Charles Dong
- Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John M. Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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11
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Cao Y, Li J, Qiu S, Ni S, Duan Y. ACSM5 inhibits ligamentum flavum hypertrophy by regulating lipid accumulation mediated by FABP4/PPAR signaling pathway. Biol Direct 2023; 18:75. [PMID: 37957699 PMCID: PMC10644428 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy is the main cause of lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Previous studies have shown that LF hypertrophy tissue exhibits abnormal lipid accumulation, but the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the function and potential mechanism of ACSM5 in LF lipid accumulation. METHODS To assess the ACSM5 expression levels, lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) level in LF hypertrophy and normal tissue, we utilized RT-qPCR, western blot, oil red O staining, and TG assay kit. The pearson correlation coefficient assay was used to analyze the correlation between ACSM5 levels and lipid accumulation or TG levels in LF hypertrophy tissue. The role of ACSM5 in free fatty acids (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation in LF cells was assessed in vitro, and the role of ACSM5 in LF hypertrophy in mice was verified in vivo. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of ACSM5 regulating lipid accumulation in LF, we conducted the mRNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and rescue experiments. RESULTS In this study, we found that ACSM5, which was significantly down-regulated in LF tissues, correlated with lipid accumulation. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that overexpression of ACSM5 significantly inhibited FFA-induced lipid accumulation and fibrosis in LF cells. In vivo animal experiments further confirmed that overexpression of ACSM5 inhibited LF thickening, lipid accumulation, and fibrosis. Mechanistically, ACSM5 inhibited lipid accumulation of LF cells by inhibiting FABP4-mediated PPARγ signaling pathway, thereby improving hypertrophy and fibrosis of LF. CONCLUSIONS our findings elucidated the important role of ACSM5 in the regulation of LF lipid accumulation and provide insight into potential therapeutic interventions for the treatment of LF hypertrophy. This study further suggested that therapeutic strategies targeting lipid deposition may be an effective potential approach to treat LF hypertrophy-induced LSCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sujun Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songjia Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Duan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Enoksen ITT, Rinde NB, Svistounov D, Norvik JV, Solbu MD, Eriksen BO, Melsom T. Validation of eGFR for Detecting Associations Between Serum Protein Biomarkers and Subsequent GFR Decline. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1409-1420. [PMID: 37093083 PMCID: PMC10400103 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT eGFR from creatinine, cystatin C, or both has been primarily used in search of biomarkers for GFR decline. Whether the relationships between biomarkers and eGFR decline are similar to associations with measured GFR (mGFR) decline has not been investigated. This study revealed that some biomarkers showed statistically significant different associations with eGFR decline compared with mGFR decline, particularly for eGFR from cystatin C. The findings indicate that non-GFR-related factors, such as age, sex, and body mass index, influence the relationship between biomarkers and eGFR decline. Therefore, the results of biomarker studies using eGFR, particularly eGFRcys, should be interpreted with caution and perhaps validated with mGFR. BACKGROUND Several serum protein biomarkers have been proposed as risk factors for GFR decline using eGFR from creatinine or cystatin C. We investigated whether eGFR can be used as a surrogate end point for measured GFR (mGFR) when searching for biomarkers associated with GFR decline. METHODS In the Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey, GFR was measured with plasma iohexol clearance in 1627 individuals without diabetes, kidney, or cardiovascular disease at baseline. After 11 years of follow-up, 1409 participants had one or more follow-up GFR measurements. Using logistic regression and interval-censored Cox regression, we analyzed the association between baseline levels of 12 serum protein biomarkers with the risk of accelerated GFR decline and incident CKD for both mGFR and eGFR. RESULTS Several biomarkers exhibited different associations with eGFR decline compared with their association with mGFR decline. More biomarkers showed different associations with eGFRcys decline than with eGFRcre decline. Most of the different associations of eGFR decline versus mGFR decline remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, but several were attenuated and not significant after adjusting for the corresponding baseline mGFR or eGFR. CONCLUSIONS In studies of some serum protein biomarkers, eGFR decline may not be an appropriate surrogate outcome for mGFR decline. Although the differences from mGFR decline are attenuated by adjustment for confounding factors in most cases, some persist. Therefore, proposed biomarkers from studies using eGFR should preferably be validated with mGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger T. T. Enoksen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nikoline B. Rinde
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Dmitri Svistounov
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jon V. Norvik
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Section of Nephrology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marit D. Solbu
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Section of Nephrology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn O. Eriksen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Section of Nephrology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Toralf Melsom
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT– The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Section of Nephrology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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13
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Tanaka M, Mori K, Takahashi S, Higashiura Y, Ohnishi H, Hanawa N, Furuhashi M. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease predicts new onset of chronic kidney disease better than fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:700-711. [PMID: 35612975 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Possible associations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with fatty liver (FL) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have recently been focused on. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as FL with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic abnormalities, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. However, the relationship between MAFLD and new onset of CKD has not been fully addressed. METHODS We investigated the associations of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD with the development of CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or positive for urinary protein, over a 10-year period in 28 890 Japanese subjects who received annual health examinations. After exclusion of subjects with no data for abdominal ultrasonography and subjects with CKD at baseline, a total of 13 159 subjects (men 8581, women 4578; mean age 48 years) were recruited. RESULTS The prevalence of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD was 34.6% (men 45.1%, women 15.1%), 32.8% (men 42.7%, women 14.5%) and 32.3% (men 42.4%, women 13.4%), respectively. During the 10-year follow-up period, 2163 subjects (men 1475, women 688) had new onset of CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model analyses showed that MAFLD [hazard ratio 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.26); P = .027] but not FL or NAFLD was an independent risk factor for new onset of CKD after adjustment of age, sex, eGFR, current smoking habit, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The addition of MAFLD [continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) 0.154, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) 0.0024] to traditional risk factors without metabolic abnormalities significantly improved the discriminatory capacity better than did the addition of FL (NRI 0.138, IDI 0.0018) or NAFLD (NRI 0.132, IDI 0.0017). CONCLUSIONS MAFLD is modestly and independently associated with new onset of CKD and predicts the risk for development of CKD better than FL or NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Tanaka Medical Clinic, Yoichi, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Hanawa
- Department of Health Checkup and Promotion, Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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14
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Tao S, Yang L, Wu C, Hu Y, Guo F, Ren Q, Ma L, Fu P. Gambogenic acid alleviates kidney fibrosis via epigenetic inhibition of EZH2 to regulate Smad7-dependent mechanism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154390. [PMID: 35994849 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics regulating gene expression plays important role in kidney fibrosis. Natural products originating from diverse sources including plants and microorganisms are capable to influence epigenetic modifications. Gambogenic acid (GNA) is a caged xanthone extracted from gamboge resin, exudation of Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f., and the effect of GNA on kidney fibrosis with its underlying mechanism on epigenetics remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the role of GNA against kidney fibrogenesis by histone methylation mediating gene expression. METHODS Two experimental mice of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and folic acid (FA) were given two dosages of GNA (3 and 6 mg/kg/d). TGF-β1 was used to stimulate mouse tubular epithelial (TCMK-1) cells and siRNAs were transfected to verify the underlying mechanisms of GNA. Histological changes were evaluated by HE, MASSON stainings, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Western blot and qPCR were used to measure protein/gene transcription levels. RESULTS GNA dose-dependently alleviated UUO-induced kidney fibrosis and FA-induced kidney early fibrosis, indicated by the pathology and fibrotic factor changes (α-SMA, collagen I, collagen VI, and fibronectin). Mechanically, GNA reduced enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and H3K27me3, promoted Smad7 transcription, and inhibited TGF-β/Smad3 fibrotic signaling in injured kidneys. Moreover, with TGF-β1-induced EZH2 increasing, GNA suppressed α-SMA, fibronectin and collagen levels in tubular epithelial TCMK-1 cells. Although partially decreasing EZH2, GNA did not influence fibrotic signaling in Smad7 siRNA-transfected TCMK-1 cells. CONCLUSION Epigenetic inhibition of EZH2 by GNA ameliorated kidney fibrogenesis via regulating Smad7-meidated TGF-β/Smad3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibei Tao
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Zhu X, Zhang X, Cong X, Zhu L, Ning Z. Inhibition of FABP4 attenuates cardiac fibrosis through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1260-1266. [PMID: 36311201 PMCID: PMC9588312 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64499.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiac fibrosis is a key biological process of cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a lipid-binding protein that can regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis, and its expression was elevated in heart failure. However, whether FABP4 is involved in cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cardiac fibrosis model was established in male C57BL/6 mice with subcutaneously infused angiotensin II (Ang-II) (2.8 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. DMSO or FABP4 inhibitor BMS309403 (50 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally injected for 4 weeks. Ang II-infused mice, FABP4 inhibitor (BMS309403) injected mice, and ventricular tissue were used for morphological studies, and histological and biochemical analyses (FABP4 protein composition and expression). RESULTS Ang II infusion increased FABP4 mRNA and protein expression in the mouse ventricular tissue. After treatment with FABP4 inhibitor BMS309403 for 4 weeks, mice showed improved cardiac structure and function as detected by echocardiography. BMS309403 suppressed cardiac and systemic inflammatory response, reduced collagen deposition, and mRNA expression of collagen type I (COL1A1) and collagen type III (COL3A1) in Ang II-infused mice. BMS309403 also reduced the number of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)+cells and decreased the mRNA expression of α-SMA, matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) in ventricular tissue. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of BMS309403 on cardiac fibrosis might be associated with inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which Ang II activated. Thus, our data speculated that inhibition of FABP4 could significantly induce cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xinpeng Cong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Luoning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zhongping Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China,Corresponding author: Zhongping Ning. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China. Tel/Fax: +86-21-68135590;
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16
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López-Canoa JN, Couselo-Seijas M, González-Ferrero T, Almengló C, Álvarez E, González-Maestro A, González-Melchor L, Martínez-Sande JL, García-Seara J, Fernández-López J, Kreidieh B, González-Babarro E, González-Juanatey JR, Eiras S, Rodríguez-Mañero M. The Role of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 in the Characterization of Atrial Fibrillation and the Prediction of Outcomes after Catheter Ablation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911107. [PMID: 36232410 PMCID: PMC9570077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The utility of biomarkers in characterizing atrial cardiomyopathy is unclear. We aim to test the ability of biomarkers of fibrosis (galectin-3 (Gal-3)) and adiposity (fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and leptin) to predict: (1) the presence of low-voltage areas (LVA) in the electroanatomic voltage mapping; and (2) the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Methods: Patients referred for PVI were enrolled. Areas of bipolar voltage < 0.5 mV were considered as LVA. An aggregate score incorporating AF pattern (paroxysmal, persistent and long-standing persistent) and peripheral levels of FABP4 (>20 ng/mL) was developed. Results: 299 patients were included. AF was paroxysmal in 100 (33%), persistent in 130 (43%) and long-standing persistent in 69 (23%). Multivariable analysis revealed age, left atrium area, and the proposed score as independent predictors of LVA. During a mean follow-up period of 972 ± 451 days, freedom from AF recurrence was 63%. The score incorporating AF pattern and FABP4 levels accurately predicted freedom from AF recurrence, stratifying risk into ranges from 28% (score of 1) to 68% (score of 3). Cox regression models identified the score including AF pattern + FABP4 as the best model for AF recurrence (hazard ratio 2.32; 95% CI, 1.19 to 4.5; p = 0.014). Conclusions: Traditional clinical classification of atrial cardiomyopathy may be improved by markers of adiposity (FABP4). The combination allows better prediction of the presence of LVA and AF recurrence post-PVI. Gal-3 provided no added predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Nicolás López-Canoa
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Pontevedra, 36071 Pontevedra, Spain
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marinela Couselo-Seijas
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Teba González-Ferrero
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Almengló
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián González-Maestro
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laila González-Melchor
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez-Sande
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Seara
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fernández-López
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bahij Kreidieh
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eva González-Babarro
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Pontevedra, 36071 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero
- Cardiology Translational Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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17
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Lai W, Shi M, Huang R, Fu P, Ma L. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 in kidney diseases: From mechanisms to clinics. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175224. [PMID: 35995212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicated the relationship between fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and kidney diseases. FABP4, a small molecular lipid chaperone, is identified to regulate fatty acid oxidation, inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition in kidney diseases. Many studies have shown that circulating FABP4 level is related to proteinuria, renal function decline, cardiovascular complications of end-stage renal disease and even the prognosis of kidney transplanted patients. Notably, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of FABP4 attenuated renal injury in the various experimental models of kidney diseases, making it promising to develop potential therapeutic strategies targeting FABP4 in kidney diseases. In this study, we updated and reviewed the mechanisms and clinical significance of FABP4 in kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Lai
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Min Shi
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rongshuang Huang
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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18
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Zeng H, Gao Y, Yu W, Liu J, Zhong C, Su X, Wen S, Liang H. Pharmacological Inhibition of STING/TBK1 Signaling Attenuates Myeloid Fibroblast Activation and Macrophage to Myofibroblast Transition in Renal Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940716. [PMID: 35924048 PMCID: PMC9340478 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is an important pathological biomarker of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Stimulator of interferon genes/TANK binding kinase 1 (STING/TBK1) axis has been identified as the main regulator of innate immune response and closely related to fibrotic disorder. However, the role of STING/TBK1 signaling pathway in kidney fibrosis is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of pharmacological inhibition of STING/TBK1 signaling on renal fibrosis induced by folic acid (FA). In mice, TBK1 was significantly activated in interstitial cells of FA-injured kidneys, which was markedly inhibited by H-151 (a STING inhibitor) treatment. Specifically, pharmacological inhibition of STING impaired bone marrow-derived fibroblasts activation and macrophage to myofibroblast transition in folic acid nephropathy, leading to reduction of extracellular matrix proteins expression, myofibroblasts formation and development of renal fibrosis. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of TBK1 by GSK8612 reduced myeloid myofibroblasts accumulation and impeded macrophage to myofibroblast differentiation, resulting in less deposition of extracellular matrix protein and less severe fibrotic lesion in FA-injured kidneys. In cultured mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes, TGF-β1 activated STING/TBK1 signaling. This was abolished by STING or TBK1 inhibitor administration. In addition, GSK8612 treatment decreased levels of α-smooth muscle actin and extracellular matrix proteins and prevents bone marrow-derived macrophages to myofibroblasts transition in vitro. Collectively, our results revealed that STING/TBK1 signaling has a critical role in bone marrow-derived fibroblast activation, macrophages to myofibroblasts transition, and kidney fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huidong People’s Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jiping Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Paediatrics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Su, ; Hua Liang,
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Su, ; Hua Liang,
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Driving role of macrophages in transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:757-766. [PMID: 35671177 PMCID: PMC9276339 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), characterized by acute renal dysfunction, is an increasingly common clinical problem and an important risk factor in the subsequent development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Regardless of the initial insults, the progression of CKD after AKI involves multiple types of cells, including renal resident cells and immune cells such as macrophages. Recently, the involvements of macrophages in AKI-to-CKD transition have garnered significant attention. Furthermore, substantial progress has also been made in elucidating the pathophysiological functions of macrophages from the acute kidney to repair or fibrosis. In this review, we highlight current knowledge regarding the roles and mechanisms of macrophage activation and phenotypic polarization, and transdifferentiation in the development of AKI-to-CKD transition. In addition, the potential of macrophage-based therapy for preventing AKI-to-CKD transition is also discussed.
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Wang W, Sun W, Gao X, Peng L, Lin L, Xiao K, Liu Y, Di X, Zhu S, Chen H, Zhou L. The preventive effects of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibition on bladder outlet obstruction induced remodeling. Neurourol Urodyn 2022; 41:787-796. [PMID: 35170790 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common problem that can affect bladder structure and function. Currently, there is no effective drugs available to prevent BOO-induced remodeling. Previous reports have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of BOO is associated with macrophage infiltration and polarization, which is physiologically dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) activation. Here we utilized a highly selective CSF-1R inhibitor, GW2580, to determine its preventive effects on BOO-induced remodeling. METHODS A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, BOO + vehicle, and BOO + GW2580 group. GW2580 or vehicle control was administrated by oral gavage at daily doses of 40 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Bladder samples were collected for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that bladder fibrosis was ameliorated by GW2580 compared with the vehicle group (22.01% ± 5.13% vs. 32.15% ± 7.24%, p < 0.01). Furthermore, treatment with GW2580 induced an inhibition of macrophage infiltration (4.41% ± 1.28% vs. 13.57% ± 3.42%, p < 0.001) and M2 macrophage polarization (10.67% ± 4.15% vs. 28.59% ± 6.38%, p < 0.001). There was also a decrease of profibrotic F4/80+ α-smooth muscle actin+ (α-SMA+ ) macrophage to myofibroblast transition (9.11% ± 2.58% vs. 17.33% ± 4.01%, p < 0.001) and CD163+ TGF-β1+ cells (7.68% ± 2.10% vs. 14.17% ± 4.09%, p < 0.01) in the GW2580 group when compared with the vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings showed that GW2580 is a worthwhile candidate for a follow-up study to test in the treatment of BOO-induced remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liao Peng
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lede Lin
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiwen Xiao
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingpeng Di
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shen L, Yu Y, Jiang M, Zhao J. Alteration of the m 6A methylation landscape in a mouse model of scleroderma. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1867-1883. [PMID: 34791892 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of mRNAs and its roles in a mouse model of scleroderma. Materials & methods: To evaluate whether the mouse model of scleroderma could meet the experimental requirements, we examined skin tissue specimens by pathological staining and identified the related indicators by quantitative PCR (qPCR). m6A-tagged mRNAs were identified via m6A epitranscriptomic microarray, and m6A-RNA-immunoprecipitation qPCR and qPCR were performed to confirm microarray data. Results: There were differences in m6A methylation among 843 mRNAs. Further, there were significant differences among Hras, Saa1, Ccl3, Ccl9 and Il1b in terms of methylation and expression. Conclusion: The m6A methylation spectrum in a mouse model of scleroderma may explain the occurrence of scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jingjun Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
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22
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Zhang F, Zhou X, Zou H, Liu L, Li X, Ruan Y, Xie Y, Shi M, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Guo B. SAA1 is transcriptionally activated by STAT3 and accelerates renal interstitial fibrosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112856. [PMID: 34597680 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the common irreversible pathway by which chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses to the end stage. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a common factor leading to inflammation-mediated RIF, but its downstream regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that serum amyloid A protein 1 (SAA1) was one of the target genes for transcriptional activation of STAT3 signaling. As an acute phase reaction protein, SAA1 plays an important role in many inflammatory reactions, and research has suggested that SAA1 is significantly elevated in the serum of patients with CKD. In this research, multiple experiments were performed to investigate the role of SAA1 in the process of RIF. SAA1 was abnormally highly expressed in kidney tissue from individuals who underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and TGF-β-induced HK2 cells, and the abnormal expression was directly related to the transcriptional activation of STAT3. Additionally, SAA1 can directly target and bind valosin-containing protein (VCP)-interacting membrane selenoprotein (VIMP) to inhibit the function of the Derlin-1/VCP/VIMP complex, preventing the transportation and degradation of the misfolded protein, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress characterized by an increase in glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) levels and ultimately promoting the occurrence and development of RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huimei Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuansheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Chen M, Wen X, Gao Y, Liu B, Zhong C, Nie J, Liang H. IRF-4 deficiency reduces inflammation and kidney fibrosis after folic acid-induced acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108142. [PMID: 34555644 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The chronic phase following toxin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by robust inflammation and progressive kidney fibrosis. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4) is a type of multifunctional transcription factor that has been deeply linked to inflammation and fibrotic diseases. However, the role of IRF-4 in kidney damage and renal fibrosis after toxin-induced AKI remain to be explored. In this work, we examined the effect of IRF-4 deficiency on inflammation and kidney fibrosis in an AKI-chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition model induced by folic acid (FA) injury. We showed that FA treatment resulted in severe acute tubular injury followed by inflammatory reaction and interstitial fibrosis in wild-type mice. A sharp elevation of IRF-4 levels was observed in FA-injured kidneys. IRF-4 knockout led to a substantial reduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins deposition and inhibited myofibroblasts transformation in the kidneys of mice subjected to FA treatment. In addition, IRF-4 ablation impaired F4/80+ macrophages and CD3+ T lymphocytes infiltration into the FA-injured kidneys. Loss of IRF-4 reduced the production of inflammatory molecules such as CXCL16, IL-18, IL-6, and TGF-β1 in the kidneys in response to FA stress. Following FA injury, the kidneys of IRF-4 knockout mice had fewer bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts than wild-type controls. Moreover, IRF-4 disruption inhibited macrophages to myofibroblasts differentiation in the kidneys in response to FA stimuli. In vitro, IL-4 stimulated expression of α-smooth muscle actin and ECM proteins and promoted M2 macrophages to myofibroblasts transition in mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes, which was abolished in the absence of IRF-4. Thus, we identified an important role of IRF-4 in the pathogenesis of progressive CKD following FA-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xianjie Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Benquan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jiayi Nie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China.
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24
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Huang LT, Chou HC, Chen CM. Inhibition of FABP4 attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury and fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-β signaling in neonatal rats. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1509-1520. [PMID: 34708870 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by interrupted alveologenesis and alveolar simplification caused by oxygen therapy in premature infants. Metabolic dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of BPD. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is significantly increased in specific lung tissues in patients with BPD. Therefore, we investigated whether BMS309403, an FABP4 inhibitor that can mitigate tissue fibrosis, can regulate pulmonary fibrotic processes in newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia. Newborn rat pups were exposed to room air (RA; 21% O2 ) or 85% O2 from 5 to 14 days of age and were then allowed to recover in RA until 29 days of age. They received intraperitoneal injection with placebo (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) or BMS 309403 (0.5 mg or 1.0 mg kg-1 d-1 ) every other day from 4 to 14 days of age then were divided into O2 plus PBS or low dose or high dose and RA plus PBS or low dose or high dose groups. We assessed lung histology and evaluated lung collagen I, FABP4 as well as TGF-β1 expression at 14 and 29 days of age. In the hyperoxia injury-recovery model, prophylactic BMS309403 treatment reduced mean linear intercept values and FABP4 expression (p < 0.001). Prophylactic BMS309403 treatment mitigated pulmonary fibrosis and TGF-β1 expression immediately after hyperoxia exposure (p < 0.05). The attenuation of hyperoxia-induced alveolar developmental impairment and pulmonary fibrosis by FABP4 inhibition indicated that such inhibition has potential clinical and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ti Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Wang C, Liang J, Yang W, Wang S, Yu J, Jia P, Du Y, Wang M, Li Y, Zheng X. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry Analysis for Metabolic Communication between Heart and Kidney in Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy Rats. Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 47:31-42. [PMID: 34662875 DOI: 10.1159/000519015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although the adriamycin-induced nephropathy model is frequently employed in the study of nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, the accompanying myocardial damage has always been a cause for concern. Therefore, there is a great need to study cardiorenal communication in this model. METHODS An adriamycin-induced nephropathy model was established via tail vein injection. The levels of the biochemical indicators serum albumin, serum globulin, serum total protein, serum cholesterol, serum creatinine (SCr), urinary protein, and urinary creatinine (UCr) were measured, and histopathological changes in the heart and kidneys were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Metabolomic changes in the heart, blood, and kidneys were analyzed using the metabolomics method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the model group showed significant decreases in serum protein and total protein levels, albumin/globulin ratio, and creatinine clearance rate as well as significant increases in serum cholesterol, SCr, urinary protein, and UCr levels. Significant pathological changes were observed in the renal pathology sections in the model group, including diffusely merged glomerular epithelial cells, inflammatory infiltration, and vacuolated glomerular cells. Additionally, thickened myocardial fibers, swollen nuclei, inflammatory infiltration, and partial myocardial necrosis could be seen in the cardiac pathology sections in the model group. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, a total of 20 differential metabolites associated with 15 metabolic pathways were identified in the heart, 7 differential metabolites with 7 metabolic pathways were identified in the blood, and 16 differential metabolites with 21 metabolic pathways were identified in the kidney. Moreover, 6 common metabolic pathways shared by the heart and kidney were identified: arginine and proline metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; glutathione metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; beta-alanine metabolism; and histidine metabolism. Among these metabolic pathways, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism was shared by the heart, blood, and kidney. Succinic acid was found to be the key regulatory metabolite in cardiorenal metabolic communication. CONCLUSION Six metabolic pathways were found to be involved in cardiorenal metabolic communication in an adriamycin-induced nephropathy model, in which alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism may be the metabolic link between the heart and kidney in the development and maintenance of oxidative stress and inflammation. Succinic acid may serve as a key regulatory metabolic switch or marker of cardiac and renal co-injury, as shown in an adriamycin-induced nephropathy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yapeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Liu B, Jiang J, Liang H, Xiao P, Lai X, Nie J, Yu W, Gao Y, Wen S. Natural killer T cell/IL-4 signaling promotes bone marrow-derived fibroblast activation and M2 macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition in renal fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107907. [PMID: 34243040 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a histological manifestation of chronic kidney disease. Natural killer T (NKT) cells have a critical role in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorder. However, the role of NKT cells in regulating kidney fibrosis remains largely unknown. In the current study, we showed that the percentages of NKT+ cells and NKT+-IL-4+ cells were notably increased in folic acid (FA) and obstructive nephropathy. CD1d deficiency protected mice from renal fibrosis induced by FA and obstructive injury. Specifically, Loss of CD1d reduced bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts and CD206+/α-smooth muscle actin+ cells in the kidneys of injured mice. But mice treated with α-galactosylceramide (α-GC, a specific activator of NKT cells) developed more severe fibrosis, accumulated more myeloid myofibroblasts and M2 macrophages-myofibroblasts transition (M2MMT) cells in FA injured kidneys. Furthermore, IL-4 expression was markedly reduced in CD1d deficiency mice but increased in α-GC-treated mice. Administration of IL-4 abrogates the inhibiting effect of CD1d deficiency on renal fibrosis, bone marrow-derived fibroblasts activation, and M2MMT in FA injured kidneys. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of IL-4 attenuated the development of renal fibrosis, decreased bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts, and suppressed M2MMT. Thus, this study revealed a novel role of NKT cells in the bone marrow-derived fibroblasts activation and M2MMT during renal fibrosis. Targeting NKT cell/IL-4 signaling may be an effective treatment for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benquan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China; Translational Institute of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China; Translational Institute of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Ping Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaohong Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jiayi Nie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Pre-emptive pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid-binding protein 4 attenuates kidney fibrosis by reprogramming tubular lipid metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:572. [PMID: 34083513 PMCID: PMC8175732 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression that is caused by tubular injury and dysregulated lipid metabolism. Genetic abolition fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), a key lipid transporter, has been reported to suppress kidney interstitial fibrosis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of chemical inhibition of FABP4 in fibrotic kidney have not been well-documented. Here, we examined preemptive the effect of a FABP4 inhibitor, BMS309403, on lipid metabolism of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and progression of kidney fibrosis. The expression of FABP4 was significantly elevated, concomitated with the accumulation of lipid droplets in TECs during kidney fibrosis. Treatment with BMS309403 alleviated lipid deposition of TECs, as well as interstitial fibrotic responses both in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-engaged mice and TGF-β-induced TECs. Moreover, BMS309403 administration enhanced fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in TECs by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and restoring FAO-related enzyme activities; In addition, BMS309403 markedly reduced cell lipotoxicity, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis in fibrotic kidney. Taken together, our results suggest that preemptive pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 by BMS309403 rebalances abnormal lipid metabolism in TECs and attenuates the progression of kidney fibrosis, thus may hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of fibrotic kidney diseases.
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