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Vicente-Gil S, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Morel E, Serra CR, Docando F, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Immunomodulatory properties of Bacillus subtilis extracellular vesicles on rainbow trout intestinal cells and splenic leukocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394501. [PMID: 38774883 PMCID: PMC11106384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-surrounded vesicles that carry bioactive molecules. Among EVs, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), specifically produced by Gram-negative bacteria, have been extensively characterized and their potential as vaccines, adjuvants or immunotherapeutic agents, broadly explored in mammals. Nonetheless, Gram-positive bacteria can also produce bilayered spherical structures from 20 to 400 nm involved in pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, nutrient uptake and nucleic acid transfer. However, information regarding their immunomodulatory potential is very scarce, both in mammals and fish. In the current study, we have produced EVs from the Gram-positive probiotic Bacillus subtilis and evaluated their immunomodulatory capacities using a rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line (RTgutGC) and splenic leukocytes. B. subtilis EVs significantly up-regulated the transcription of several pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial genes in both RTgutGC cells and splenocytes, while also up-regulating many genes associated with B cell differentiation in the later. In concordance, B. subtilis EVs increased the number of IgM-secreting cells in splenocyte cultures, while at the same time increased the MHC II surface levels and antigen-processing capacities of splenic IgM+ B cells. Interestingly, some of these experiments were repeated comparing the effects of B. subtilis EVs to EVs obtained from another Bacillus species, Bacillus megaterium, identifying important differences. The data presented provides evidence of the immunomodulatory capacities of Gram-positive EVs, pointing to the potential of B. subtilis EVs as adjuvants or immunostimulants for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Vicente-Gil
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Nuñez-Ortiz
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cláudia R. Serra
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Luo Z, Liu X, Chen Y, Shen L, Qin H, Zha Q, Hu F, Wang Y. Gene features of tumor-specific T cells relevant to immunotherapy, targeted therapy and chemotherapy in lung cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28374. [PMID: 38590880 PMCID: PMC10999884 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
1 Background In lung cancer, the use of small-molecule inhibitors, chemotherapy and immunotherapy has led to unprecedented survival benefits in selected patients. Considering most patients will experience a relapse within a short period of time due to single drug resistance, combination therapy is also particularly important to improve patient prognosis. Therefore, more robust biomarkers to predict responses to immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy and rationally drug combination therapies may be helpful in clinical treatment choices. 2 Methods We defined tumor-specific T cells (TSTs) and their features (TSTGs) by single-cell RNA sequencing. We applied LASSO regression to filter out the most survival-relevant TSTGs to form the Tumor-specific T cell score (TSTS). Immunological characteristics, enriched pathways, and mutation were evaluated in high- and low TSTS groups. 3 Results We identified six clusters of T cells as TSTs in lung cancer, and four most robust genes from 9 feature genes expressed only on tumor-specific T cells were screened to construct a tumor-specific T cells score (TSTS). TSTS was positively correlated with immune infiltration and angiogenesis and negatively correlated with malignant cell proliferation. Moreover, potential vascular-immune crosstalk in lung cancer provides the theoretical basis for combined anti-angiogenic and immunotherapy. Noticeable, patients in high TSTS had better response to ICB and targeted therapy and patients in the low TSTS group often benefit from chemotherapy. 4 Conclusion The proposed TSTS is a promising indicator to predict immunotherapy, targeted therapy and chemotherapy responses in lung cancer patients for helping clinical treatment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518038, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lize Shen
- LC-Bio Technology Co.ltd, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qiongfang Zha
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
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3
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Yousefi P, Tabibzadeh A, Jawaziri AK, Mehrjoo M, Akhavan M, Allahqoli L, Salehiniya H. Autophagy-related genes polymorphism in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1182. [PMID: 38353395 PMCID: PMC10865419 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus is the most common risk factor for developing liver malignancy. Autophagy is an essential element in human cell maintenance. Several studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays a vital role in liver cancer at different stages. In this systematic review, we intend to investigate the role of polymorphism and mutations of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). MATERIALS AND METHODS The search was conducted in online databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) using Viruses, Infections, Polymorphism, Autophagy, and ATG. The study was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. RESULTS The primary search results led to 422 studies. By screening and eligibility evaluation, only four studies were relevant. The most important polymorphisms in hepatocellular carcinoma were rs2241880 in ATG16L1, rs77859116, rs510432, and rs548234 in ATG5. Furthermore, some polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of HBV infection including, rs2241880 in ATG16L1 and rs6568431 in ATG5. CONCLUSION The current study highlights the importance of rs2241880 in ATG16L1 and rs77859116, rs510432, and rs548234 in ATG5 for HBV-induced HCC. Additionally, some mutations in ATG16L1 and ATG5 were important in risk of HBV infection. The study highlights the gap of knowledge in the field of ATG polymorphisms in HBV infection and HBV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Yousefi
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mohsen Mehrjoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of MedicineLorestan University of Medical SciencesKhorramabadIran
| | - Mandana Akhavan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesIslamic Azad University, Arak BranchArakIran
| | - Leila Allahqoli
- Department of MidwiferyMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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Zhu Q, Wang L, Ren H, Zhang J, Zuo Q, Li M, Zhu J, Yang G, Zhang F. Molecular characterization of the B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (blimp1) gene of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and its transcription repression involves recruitment of histone deacetylase HDAC3. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109216. [PMID: 37944681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Blimp1 is the master regulator of B cell terminal differentiation in mammals, it inhibits expression of many transcription factors including bcl6, which provides the basis for promoting further development of activated B lymphocytes into plasma cells. Blimp-1 is thought to act as a sequence-specific recruitment factor for chromatin-modifying enzymes including histone deacetylases (HDAC) and methyltransferases to repress target genes. The cDNA of Ccblimp1a (Cyprinus carpio) open reading frame is 2337 bp encoding a protein of 777 amino acids. CcBlimp1a contains a SET domain, two Proline Rich domains, and five ZnF_C2H2 domains. Blimp1 are conserved in vertebrate species. Ccblimp1a transcripts were detected in common carp larvae from 1 dpf (day post fertilization)to 31 dpf. Ccblimp1a expression was up-regulated in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and spleen leukocytes (SPL) of common carp stimulated by intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Ccblimp1a expression in PBL and SPL of common carp was induced by TNP-LPS and TNP-KLH. The results indicated TNP-LPS induced a rapid response in PBL and TNP-KLH induced much stronger response in SPL and PBL. IHC results showed that CcBlimp1 positive cells were distributed in the head kidney, trunk kidney, liver, and gut. Immunofluorescence stain results showed that CcBlimp1 was expressed in IgM + lymphocytes. The subcellular localization of CcBlimp1 in the nuclei indicated CcBlimp1 may be involved in the differentiation of IgM + lymphocytes. Further study focusing on the function of CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression was performed using dual luciferase assay. The results showed that the transcription repression of CcBlimp1 on bcl6aa promoter was affected by the histone deacetylation inhibitor and was synergized with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The results of Co-IP in HEK293T and immunoprecipitation in SPL indicated that CcBlimp1 recruited HDAC3 and might be involved in the formation of complexes. These results suggest that CcBlimp1 is an important transcription factor in common carp lymphocytes. Histone deacetylation modification mediated by HDAC3 may have important roles in CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression during the differentiation of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haoyue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qingyun Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Mojin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Fumiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
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Herranz-Jusdado JG, Morel E, Ordás MC, Martín D, Docando F, González L, Sanjuán E, Díaz-Rosales P, Saura M, Fouz B, Tafalla C. Yersinia ruckeri infection activates local skin and gill B cell responses in rainbow trout. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108989. [PMID: 37549876 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Teleost fish lack organized structures in mucosal tissues such as those of mammals, but instead contain dispersed B and T cells with the capacity to respond to external stimuli. Nonetheless, there is still a great lack of knowledge regarding how B cells differentiate to plasmablasts/plasma cells in these mucosal surfaces. To contribute to a further understanding of the mechanisms through which fish mucosal B cells are activated, in the current study, we have studied the B cell responses in the skin and gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Yersinia ruckeri. We have first analyzed the transcription levels of genes related to B cell function in both mucosal surfaces, and in spleen and kidney for comparative purposes. In a second experiment, we have evaluated how the infection affects the presence and size of B cells in both skin and gills, as well as the presence of plasmablasts secreting total or specific IgMs. The results obtained in both experiments support the local differentiation of B cells to plasmablasts/plasma cells in the skin and gills of rainbow trout in response to Y. ruckeri. Interestingly, these plasmablasts/plasma cells were shown to secrete specific IgMs as soon as 5 days after the exposure. These findings contribute to a further understanding of how B cells in the periphery respond to immune stimulation in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Herranz-Jusdado
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Morel
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Ordás
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Martín
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - L González
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Sanjuán
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Saura
- Animal Breeding Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - B Fouz
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Herranz-Jusdado JG, Morel E, Simón R, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Teleost IgD +IgM - B cells in gills and skin have a plasmablast profile, but functionally and phenotypically differ from IgM +IgD - B cells in these sites. iScience 2023; 26:107434. [PMID: 37593459 PMCID: PMC10428129 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although most B cells in teleost systemic compartments co-express IgM and IgD on the surface, cells exclusively expressing either of the two Igs are common in fish mucosal tissues, providing us with a unique opportunity to further characterize IgD+IgM- B cells, an intriguing B cell subset. Hence, we compared the phenotype of IgD+IgM- cells to that of IgM+IgD- B cells in rainbow trout gills and skin, also establishing the response of these subsets to immune stimulation. The transcriptional profile and secreting capacity of IgD+IgM- B cells corresponded to that of cells that have started a differentiation program toward plasmablasts, similarly to IgM+IgD- B cells. Yet, IgM+IgD- B cells retained high levels of surface MHC II and antigen-processing abilities, while these were much lower in IgD+IgM- cells, suggesting important differences in their antigen-presenting capacities. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the enigmatic role of IgD in mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Germán Herranz-Jusdado
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Simón
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos 28130 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Mohamed AA, Esmail OE, Ibrahim AMA, Makled S, Al-Hussain E, Elsaid A, Alboraie M, El-Awady RR. The role of PRDM1 gene polymorphism in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28343. [PMID: 36424348 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In Egypt, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the second largest cause of cancer mortality. PRDM1 is a tumor suppressor gene essential for the differentiation and regulation activity of plasma cells and T cells. It plays a vital role in T cell exhaustion of chronic viral infection and HCC. We aimed to study the role of PRDM1 gene polymorphism in HCV and HCC-related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) progress in Egyptians. The case-control study included 300 Egyptian patients divided into 100 HCC,100 cirrhosis, and 100 control. Laboratory investigations were done for some clinicopathological biomarkers, including liver function tests, complete blood picture, serum alpha-fetoprotein, and hepatitis markers (HBsAg, anti-HCV-Ab). TaqMan allelic discrimination assay technique was used to genotype PRDM1 gene polymorphism. Multivariant analysis (logistic regression) assessed the association between the polymorphisms with HCC progression and designed the suggested model for HCC prediction. The frequencies of the G allele and GG phenotype in the control group were significantly more than that of the HCC and cirrhosis group. However, GA genotypes and A allele frequencies significantly increased in the HCC patients than in cirrhosis and controls. In addition, by comparing the HCC group and the non-HCC group (controls and cirrhotic patients), the subjects carrying AA or GA have 2 times more risk to develop HCC than those carrying GG genotypes (odd ratio = 2.045% and 95% confidence interval are (1.123-3.722) p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis results suggested a model of Aspartate transaminase (AST), Albumin, and PRDM1 polymorphism to predict the risk of HCC in Egyptians. In addition, PRDM1 polymorphism has an association with HCC prognosis (tumor size). For PRDM1 polymorphism, the A allele and AA might be considered as HCC-related to the HCV risk factor. In addition, AST, Albumin, and PRDM1 polymorphism predict the risk of HCC in Egyptians Therefore, the polymorphism might help in identifying the susceptible Egyptians to HCC. In addition, polymorphism might have a role in HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicinal Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia Ezzat Esmail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar Makled
- Tropical Medicine Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Hussain
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo university, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Elsaid
- Diagnostic and interventional radiology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicinal Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab R El-Awady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Morel E, Herranz-Jusdado JG, Simón R, Abós B, Perdiguero P, Martín-Martín A, Andrés G, Muñoz-Atienza E, Guerra Rodriguez M, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Endoplasmic reticulum expansion throughout the differentiation of teleost B cells to plasmablasts. iScience 2022; 26:105854. [PMID: 36619985 PMCID: PMC9812713 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting cells is fundamental for the generation of humoral immunity. In mammals, this process involves a series of metabolic and intracellular changes, not studied to date in teleost fish, where a clear distinction between naive B cells and plasmablasts/plasma cells (PCs) is still missing. Thus, in the current study, we have established that upon activation, teleost B cells undergo an expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but experience no significant changes in mitochondria content. In parallel, the transcription of genes implicated in B cell differentiation increases, while that of mitochondrial genes decreases. In this context, ER monitoring has allowed us to distinguish between small cells with low amounts of ER (FSCloERlo B cells), that correspond to undifferentiated cells, and large cells with expanded ER (FSChiERhi B cells), characterized as plasmablasts. The results shed new light on the B cell differentiation process in teleosts and provide us with novel tools to study B cell function in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Morel
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Simón
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Beatriz Abós
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Pedro Perdiguero
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain,Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Alba Martín-Martín
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Germán Andrés
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain,Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid 28130, Spain,Corresponding author
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9
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Abós B, Pérez-Fernández E, Morel E, Perdiguero P, Tafalla C. Pro-Inflammatory and B Cell Regulating Capacities of TWEAK in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss). Front Immunol 2021; 12:748836. [PMID: 34659247 PMCID: PMC8517431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.748836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis or TWEAK is a member of the TNF superfamily involved in the regulation of many biological processes. In mammals, TWEAK has been shown to play a role in some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions, but its immune role is not yet clearly defined. In teleost fish, although a few studies have identified homologues to mammalian TWEAK, their biological effects have never been investigated. In the current study, we have studied the transcriptional regulation of two TWEAK homologues (TWEAK 1 and 2) identified in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) throughout different tissues, in response to parasitic or viral infections, or in head kidney (HK) leukocytes stimulated with different stimuli. Although the transcription of both homologues was modulated when HK leukocytes were exposed to several immune stimuli, only TWEAK 1 was significantly modulated upon pathogenic exposure. Thus, we performed a characterization of the functions exerted by this cytokine in HK leukocytes. Recombinant TWEAK 1 strongly up-regulated the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes and antimicrobial peptides in HK leukocytes, with differential transcriptional effects in IgM+ B cells, IgM- lymphocytes and myeloid cells. TWEAK 1 also increased the survival and promoted the differentiation of B cells in HK leukocyte cultures. Our results demonstrate that in teleost fish, TWEAK 1 is involved in the response to different types of pathogens, through the modulation of antimicrobial and pro-inflammatory genes in different leukocytes subsets. Furthermore, a role for TWEAK as a B cell differentiation factor has also been established in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Abós
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Pérez-Fernández
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Perdiguero
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Ke X, Zhang R, Yao Q, Duan S, Hong W, Cao M, Zhou Q, Zhong X, Zhao H. Alternative splicing of medaka bcl6aa and its repression by Prdm1a and Prdm1b. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1229-1242. [PMID: 34218391 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bcl6 and Prdm1 (Blimp1) are a pair of transcriptional factors that repressing each other in mammals. Prdm1 represses the expression of bcl6 by binding a cis-element of the bcl6 gene in mammals. The homologs of Bcl6 and Prdm1 have been identified in teleost fish. However, whether these two factors regulate each other in the same way in fish like that in mammals is not clear. In this study, the regulation of bcl6aa by Prdm1 was investigated in medaka. The mRNA of bcl6aa has three variants (bcl6aaX1-X3) at the 5'-end by alternative splicing detected by RT-PCR. The three variants can be detected in adult tissues and developing embryos of medaka. Prdm1a and prdm1b are expressed in the tissues and embryos where and when bcl6aa is expressed. The expression of prdm1a was high while the expression of bcl6aa was low, and vice versa, detected in the spleen after stimulation with LPS or polyI:C. In vitro reporter assay indicated that bcl6aa could be directly repressed by both Prdm1a and Prdm1b in a dosage-dependent manner. After mutation of the key base, G, of all predicted binding sites in the core promoter region of bcl6aa, the repression by Prdm1a and/or Prdm1b disappeared. The binding site of Prdm1 in the bcl6aa gene is GAAAA(T/G). These results indicate that both Prdm1a and Prdm1b directly repress the expression of bcl6aa by binding their binding sites where the 5'-G is critical in medaka fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Ke
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Runshuai Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Qiting Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Shi Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Hong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Qingchun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Xueping Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
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