1
|
Peroni E, Calistri E, Amato R, Gottardi M, Rosato A. Spatial-transcriptomic profiling: a new lens for understanding myelofibrosis pathophysiology. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:510. [PMID: 39434124 PMCID: PMC11492555 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01877-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a complex myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by abnormal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and subsequent bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. First documented in the late 19th century, MF has since been extensively studied to unravel its pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes, and therapeutic interventions. MF can be classified into primary and secondary forms, both driven by mutations in genes such as JAK2, CALR, and MPL, which activate the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. These driver mutations are frequently accompanied by additional non-driver mutations in genes like TET2, SRSF2, and TP53, contributing to disease complexity. The BM microenvironment, consisting of stromal cells, extracellular matrix, and cytokines such as TGF-β and TNF-α, plays a critical role in fibrosis and aberrant hematopoiesis. Clinically, MF manifests with symptoms ranging from anemia, splenomegaly, and fatigue to severe complications such as leukemic transformation. Splenomegaly, caused by extramedullary hematopoiesis, leads to abdominal discomfort and early satiety. Current therapeutic strategies include JAK inhibitors like Ruxolitinib, which target the JAK-STAT pathway, alongside supportive treatments such as blood transfusions, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and developing combinatorial approaches. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only curative option, though it is limited to younger, high-risk patients. Recently approved JAK inhibitors, including Fedratinib, Pacritinib, and Momelotinib, have expanded the therapeutic landscape. Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics (SRT) has revolutionized the study of gene expression within the spatial context of tissues, providing unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity, spatial gene regulation, and microenvironmental interactions, including stromal-hematopoietic dynamics. SRT enables high-resolution mapping of gene expression in the BM and spleen, revealing molecular signatures, spatial heterogeneity, and pathological niches that drive disease progression. These technologies elucidate the role of the spleen in MF, highlighting its transformation into a site of abnormal hematopoietic activity, fibrotic changes, and immune cell infiltration, functioning as a "tumor surrogate." By profiling diverse cell populations and molecular alterations within the BM and spleen, SRT facilitates a deeper understanding of MF pathophysiology, helping identify novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Ultimately, integrating spatial transcriptomics into MF research promises to enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic innovation, addressing the multifaceted challenges of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Peroni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padova, 35128, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Calistri
- Onco-Hematology, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, 31033, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
- Immuno-Genetics Lab, Department of Health Science, Medical School, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Michele Gottardi
- Onco-Hematology, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, 31033, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padova, 35128, Italy
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, 35122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Găman MA, Srichawla BS, Chen YF, Roy P, Dhali A, Nahian A, Manan MR, Kipkorir V, Suteja RC, Simhachalam Kutikuppala LV, Găman AM, Diaconu CC. Overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in myeloproliferative neoplasms. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:717-729. [PMID: 38946827 PMCID: PMC11212607 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i6.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) occur due to the abnormal proliferation of one or more terminal myeloid cell lines in peripheral blood. Subjects suffering from MPNs display a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors, and thrombotic events are often the cause of death in this population of patients. Herein, we provide a brief overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome and their epidemiology in MPNs and examine the common molecular mechanisms between dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and MPNs, with a special focus on cardiovascular risk, atherosclerosis, and thrombotic events. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome on the occurrence and survival of thrombosis in MPN patients, as well as the management of dyslipidemia in MPNs, and the impact of MPN treatment on serum lipid concentrations, particularly as side/adverse effects reported in the context of clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest 022328, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Bahadar Singh Srichawla
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Yong-Feng Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Poulami Roy
- Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal 734012, India
| | - Arkadeep Dhali
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S5 7AU, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Nahian
- Lecom at Seton Hill, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | | | - Vincent Kipkorir
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | | | | | - Amelia Maria Găman
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
- Clinic of Hematology, Filantropia City Hospital, Craiova 200143, Romania
| | - Camelia Cristina Diaconu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest 105402, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Z, Zhong L, Chu X, Wan P, Dan W, Shao X, Chen S, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Liu B. HDAC11 mediates the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of p53 and inhibits the anti-leukemia effect of PD0166285. Med Oncol 2023; 40:325. [PMID: 37805625 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytarabine-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common phenomenon, necessitating the search for new chemotherapeutics. WEE1 participates in cell cycle checkpoint signaling and inhibitors targeting WEE1 (WEE1i) constitute a potential novel strategy for AML treatment. HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitors have been shown to enhance the anti-tumor effects of WEE1i but molecular mechanisms of HDAC remain poorly characterized. In this study, the WEE1 inhibitor PD0166285 showed a relatively good anti-leukemia effect. Notably, PD0166285 can arise the expression of HDAC11 which was negatively correlated with survival of AML patients. Moreover, HDAC11 can reduced the anti-tumor effect of PD0166285 through an effect on p53 stability and the changes in phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathways. Overall, the cell cycle inhibitor, PD0166285, is a potential chemotherapeutic drug for AML. These fundings contribute to a functional understanding of HDAC11 in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuan Chu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Wenran Dan
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xin Shao
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Griazeva ED, Fedoseeva DM, Radion EI, Ershov PV, Meshkov IO, Semyanihina AV, Makarova AS, Makarov VV, Yudin VS, Keskinov AA, Kraevoy SA. Current Approaches to Epigenetic Therapy. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:23. [PMID: 37873808 PMCID: PMC10594535 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Several fundamental epigenetic approaches have been proposed. Firstly, the use of small molecules as epigenetic effectors, as the most developed pharmacological method, has contributed to the introduction of a number of drugs into clinical practice. Secondly, various innovative epigenetic approaches based on dCas9 and the use of small non-coding RNAs as therapeutic agents are also under extensive research. In this review, we present the current state of research in the field of epigenetic therapy, considering the prospects for its application and possible limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D. Griazeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Daria M. Fedoseeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Elizaveta I. Radion
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Pavel V. Ershov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Ivan O. Meshkov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Semyanihina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (N.N. Blokhin NMRCO), Kashirskoe Shosse, 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Anna S. Makarova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Valentin V. Makarov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Anton A. Keskinov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kraevoy
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Building 1, Moscow 119121, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deepening Our Understanding of the Factors Affecting Landscape of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: What Do We Know about Them? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041348. [PMID: 36831689 PMCID: PMC9954305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) arise from the uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in bone marrow. As with all tumors, the development of MPNs is a consequence of alterations in malignant cells and their interaction with other extrinsic factors that support and promote tumor progression. Since the discovery of driver mutations, much work has focused on studying and reviewing the genomic features of the disease but has neglected to delve into the important role that many other mechanisms may play. This review discusses the genetic component of MPNs but focuses mainly on some of the most relevant work investigating other non-genetic factors that may be crucial for the disease. The studies summarized here address MPN cell-intrinsic or -extrinsic factors and the interaction between them through transcriptomic, proteomic and microbiota studies, among others.
Collapse
|
6
|
Czegle I, Gray AL, Wang M, Liu Y, Wang J, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. Mitochondria and Their Relationship with Common Genetic Abnormalities in Hematologic Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1351. [PMID: 34947882 PMCID: PMC8707674 DOI: 10.3390/life11121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are known to be associated with numerous cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes. In addition to morphology, immunophenotype, cytochemistry and clinical characteristics, these genetic alterations are typically required to diagnose myeloid, lymphoid, and plasma cell neoplasms. According to the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, numerous genetic changes are highlighted, often defining a distinct subtype of a disease, or providing prognostic information. This review highlights how these molecular changes can alter mitochondrial bioenergetics, cell death pathways, mitochondrial dynamics and potentially be related to mitochondrial genetic changes. A better understanding of these processes emphasizes potential novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Austin L. Gray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Minjing Wang
- Independent Researcher, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA;
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Edina A. Wappler-Guzzetta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|