1
|
Liu J, Gao Y, Zhang X, Hao Z, Zhang H, Gui R, Liu F, Tong C, Wang X. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2290527. [PMID: 38141161 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2290527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Mastitis in cows is caused by the inflammation of the mammary glands due to an infection by external pathogenic bacteria. Mammary gland epithelial cells, which are in direct contact with the external environment, are responsible for the first line of defense of the mammary gland against pathogenic bacteria, playing an essential role in immune defense. To investigate the mechanism of bovine mammary epithelial cells in the inflammatory process, we treated the cells with LPS for 12 hours and analyzed the changes in mRNA by transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that compared to the control group, the LPS treatment group had 121 up-regulated genes and 18 down-regulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these differential genes were mainly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway, Legionellosis, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways. Furthermore, the expression of GRO1 and CXCL3 mRNAs increased significantly after LPS treatment. These findings provide new insights for the treatment of mastitis in cows in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yingkui Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Rong Gui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Chao Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
- Wuhu Overseas Student Pioneer Park, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pedone EM, Di Gaetano S, Capasso D. Editorial: Special Issue "Galectins: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Inhibitors". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3674. [PMID: 38612485 PMCID: PMC11011806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Galectins, β-galactoside-binding proteins, play relevant roles in different biological processes; therefore, they are becoming emerging targets for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Maria Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Di Gaetano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenica Capasso
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yuan J, Tong P, Meng X, Wu Y, Li X, Gao J, Chen H. Oral exposure to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B could promote the Ovalbumin-induced food allergy by enhancing the activation of DCs and T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1250458. [PMID: 37908363 PMCID: PMC10615071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1250458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent work highlighted the importance of environmental contaminants in the development of allergic diseases. Methods The intestinal mucosal barrier, Th (helper T) cells, DCs (dendritic cells), and intestinal flora were analyzed with flow cytometry, RNA-seq, and 16s sequencing in the present study to demonstrate whether the exposure of enterotoxins like Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) in allergens could promote the development of food allergy. Results and discussion We found that co-exposure to SEB and Ovalbumin (OVA) could impair the intestinal barrier, imbalance the intestinal Th immune, and cause the decline of intestinal flora diversity in OVA-sensitized mice. Moreover, with the co-stimulation of SEB, the transport of OVA was enhanced in the Caco-2 cell monolayer, the uptake and presentation of OVA were promoted in the bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs), and Th cell differentiation was also enhanced. In summary, co-exposure to SEB in allergens should be considered a food allergy risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuanyi Meng
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
C-Type Lectin Receptor Mediated Modulation of T2 Immune Responses to Allergens. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:141-151. [PMID: 36720753 PMCID: PMC9985561 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergic diseases represent a major health problem of increasing prevalence worldwide. In allergy, dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to both the pathophysiology and the induction of healthy immune responses to the allergens. Different studies have reported that some common allergens contain glycans in their structure. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) expressed by DCs recognize carbohydrate structures and are crucial in allergen uptake, presentation, and polarization of T cell responses. This review summarizes the recent literature regarding the role of CLRs in the regulation of type 2 immune responses to allergens. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we highlight the capacity of CLRs to recognize carbohydrates in common allergens triggering different signaling pathways involved in the polarization of CD4+ T cells towards specific Th2 responses. Under certain conditions, specific CLRs could also promote tolerogenic responses to allergens, which might well be exploited to develop novel therapeutic approaches of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), the single treatment with potential disease-modifying capacity for allergic disease. At this regard, polymerized allergens conjugated to non-oxidized mannan (allergoid-mannan conjugated) are next-generation vaccines targeting DCs via CLRs that promote regulatory T cells, thus favoring allergen tolerance both in preclinical models and clinical trials. A better understanding of the role of CLRs in the development of allergy and in the induction of allergen tolerance might well pave the way for the design of novel strategies for allergic diseases.
Collapse
|
5
|
Advances in the Immunomodulatory Properties of Glycoantigens in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081854. [PMID: 35454762 PMCID: PMC9032556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This work reviews the role of aberrant glycosylation in cancer cells during tumour growth and spreading, as well as in immune evasion. The interaction of tumour-associated glycans with the immune system through C-type lectin receptors can favour immune escape but can also provide opportunities to develop novel tumour immunotherapy strategies. This work highlights the main findings in this area and spotlights the challenges that remain to be investigated. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation in tumour progression is currently a topic of main interest. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are expressed in a wide variety of epithelial cancers, being both a diagnostic tool and a potential treatment target, as they have impact on patient outcome and disease progression. Glycans affect both tumour-cell biology properties as well as the antitumor immune response. It has been ascertained that TACAs affect cell migration, invasion and metastatic properties both when expressed by cancer cells or by their extracellular vesicles. On the other hand, tumour-associated glycans recognized by C-type lectin receptors in immune cells possess immunomodulatory properties which enable tumour growth and immune response evasion. Yet, much remains unknown, concerning mechanisms involved in deregulation of glycan synthesis and how this affects cell biology on a major level. This review summarises the main findings to date concerning how aberrant glycans influence tumour growth and immunity, their application in cancer treatment and spotlights of unanswered challenges remaining to be solved.
Collapse
|
6
|
Virtanen T. Inhalant Mammal-Derived Lipocalin Allergens and the Innate Immunity. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:824736. [PMID: 35387007 PMCID: PMC8974866 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.824736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A major part of important mammalian respiratory allergens belongs to the lipocalin family of proteins. By this time, 19 respiratory mammalian lipocalin allergens have been registered in the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Database. Originally, lipocalins, small extracellular proteins (molecular mass ca. 20 kDa), were characterized as transport proteins but they are currently known to exert a variety of biological functions. The three-dimensional structure of lipocalins is well-preserved, and lipocalin allergens can exhibit high amino acid identities, in several cases more than 50%. Lipocalins contain an internal ligand-binding site where they can harbor small principally hydrophobic molecules. Another characteristic feature is their capacity to bind to specific cell-surface receptors. In all, the physicochemical properties of lipocalin allergens do not offer any straightforward explanations for their allergenicity. Allergic sensitization begins at epithelial barriers where diverse insults through pattern recognition receptors awaken innate immunity. This front-line response is manifested by epithelial barrier-associated cytokines which together with other components of immunity can initiate the sensitization process. In the following, the crucial factor in allergic sensitization is interleukin (IL)-4 which is needed for stabilizing and promoting the type 2 immune response. The source for IL-4 has been searched widely. Candidates for it may be non-professional antigen-presenting cells, such as basophils or mast cells, as well as CD4+ T cells. The synthesis of IL-4 by CD4+ T cells requires T cell receptor engagement, i.e., the recognition of allergen peptides, which also provides the specificity for sensitization. Lipocalin and innate immunity-associated cell-surface receptors are implicated in facilitating the access of lipocalin allergens into the immune system. However, the significance of this for allergic sensitization is unclear, as the recognition by these receptors has been found to produce conflicting results. As to potential adjuvants associated with mammalian lipocalin allergens, the hydrophobic ligands transported by lipocalins have not been reported to enhance sensitization while it is justified to suppose that lipopolysaccharide plays a role in it. Taken together, type 2 immunity to lipocalin allergens appears to be a harmful immune response resulting from a combination of signals involving both the innate and adaptive immunities.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ando T, Kitaura J. Tuning IgE: IgE-Associating Molecules and Their Effects on IgE-Dependent Mast Cell Reactions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071697. [PMID: 34359869 PMCID: PMC8305778 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) drugs and their candidates for humans has endorsed the significance of IgE-dependent pathways in allergic disorders. IgE is distributed locally in the tissues or systemically to confer a sensory mechanism in a domain of adaptive immunity to the otherwise innate type of effector cells, namely, mast cells and basophils. Bound on the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI, IgE enables fast memory responses against revisiting threats of venoms, parasites, and bacteria. However, the dysregulation of IgE-dependent reactions leads to potentially life-threatening allergic diseases, such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Therefore, reactivity of the IgE sensor is fine-tuned by various IgE-associating molecules. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic basis for how IgE-dependent mast cell activation is regulated by the IgE-associating molecules, including the newly developed therapeutic candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5802-1591 (T.A. & J.K.)
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5802-1591 (T.A. & J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|