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Atalay N, Balci N, Gürsoy M, Gürsoy UK. Systemic Factors Effecting Human Beta-Defensins in Oral Cavity. Pathogens 2024; 13:654. [PMID: 39204254 PMCID: PMC11357671 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human beta-defensins are host defense peptides with broad antimicrobial and inflammatory functions. In the oral cavity, these peptides are produced mainly by the keratinocytes of the epithelium; however, fibroblasts, monocytes, and macrophages also contribute to oral human beta-defensin expressions. The resident and immune cells of the oral cavity come into contact with various microbe-associated molecular patterns continuously and simultaneously. The overall antimicrobial cellular response is highly influenced by local and environmental factors. Recent studies have produced evidence showing that not only systemic chronic diseases but also systemic factors like hyperglycemia, pregnancy, the long-term use of certain vitamins, and aging can modulate oral cellular antimicrobial responses against microbial challenges. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to discuss the role of systemic factors on oral human beta-defensin expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Atalay
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Nur Balci
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Medipol University, Goztepe Mahallesi, Ataturk Caddesi 40, Beykoz, 34815 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.A.); (M.G.)
- Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, 20540 Turku, Finland
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.A.); (M.G.)
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Wang C, Cai X, Lin S, Lin Y. Hydroxychloroquine ameliorates immune functionality and intestinal flora disorders of IgA nephropathy by inhibition of C1GALT1/Cosmc pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:218-228. [PMID: 38151955 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2300306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has emerged as a potential and secure antiproteinuric agent in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). This study endeavored to explore the impact of HCQ on the immune functionality and intestinal flora disorders in IgAN rats, as well as to elucidate the underlying mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS IgAN model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats through the administration of BSA, LPS, and CCl4, and the IgAN rats received a continuous 8-week treatment with HCQ. Moreover, the human glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs) were incubated with IgA1 to establish an in vitro cellular model of IgAN. At the end of experimental period, samples were collected for further analysis. RESULTS HCQ ameliorated the elevated levels of 24hUTP, SCr, BUN, the number of urinary RBC, and the activation of inflammation-related proteins within the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In the IgAN rat group, there was a pronounced escalation in IgA deposition, mesangial matrix hyperplasia, and glomerular inflammatory cell infiltration, while the administration of HCQ effectively mitigated these pathological changes. In addition, the reduced production of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg in the IgAN group was effectively reversed by HCQ. Furthermore, HCQ has the capacity to restore the compromised state of the intestinal mucosal barrier induced by IgAN and mitigate the circumstances of intestinal permeability and disruption in the intestinal flora. CONCLUSION HCQ diminishes IgA aberrant glycosylation levels, ameliorates renal and intestinal histopathological damage, and attenuates intestinal flora disorders and immune dysfunction in IgAN rats by means of activating the C1GALT1/Cosmc pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengfen Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
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Zhang Z, Wen S, Liu J, Ouyang Y, Su Z, Chen D, Liang Z, Wang Y, Luo T, Jiang Q, Guo L. Advances in the relationship between periodontopathogens and respiratory diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:42. [PMID: 38240101 PMCID: PMC10828996 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory and destructive disease in the mouth and is considered to be associated with systemic diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested that periodontitis is a risk factor for pulmonary diseases such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) and lung cancer. The presence of common periodontal pathogens has been detected in samples from a variety of pulmonary diseases. Periodontal pathogens can be involved in lung diseases by promoting the adhesion and invasion of respiratory pathogens, regulating the apoptosis of respiratory epithelium and inducing overexpression of mucin and disrupting the balance of immune systemin respiratory epithelium cells. Additionally, measures to control plaque and maintain the health of periodontal tissue can decrease the incidence of respiratory adverse events. This evidence suggests a close association between periodontitis and pulmonary diseases. The present study aimed to review the clinical association between periodontitis and pneumonia, COPD, asthma, COVID‑19 and lung cancer, and propose a possible mechanism and potential role of periodontal pathogens in linking periodontal disease and lung disease. This could provide a direction for further research on the association between periodontitis and lung disease and provide novel ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment management of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Siyi Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Jiaohong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Yuanting Ouyang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Zhikang Su
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Ding Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Zitian Liang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Lvhua Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
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Zi X, Su R, Su R, Wang H, Li B, Gao C, Li X, Wang C. Elevated serum IL-2 and Th17/Treg imbalance are associated with gout. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:9. [PMID: 38240927 PMCID: PMC10799120 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Gout is considered an auto-inflammatory disorder, and the immunological drivers have not been fully unraveled. This study compared the peripheral lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subsets, and cytokines in gout and healthy controls (HCs) to explore the contributions of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, T regulatory (Treg) cells and cytokines to the pathogenesis of gout. We enrolled 126 gout patients (53 early-onset gout with age of first presentation < 40 years, and 73 late-onset gout with age of first presentation ≥ 40 years) and 77 HCs. Percentage and absolute numbers of peripheral lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subpopulations in each group were detected by flow cytometry. The serum cytokine levels were determined by flow cytometric bead array. For circulating CD4+T cell subsets, Th17/Treg ratio was significantly higher in early-onset gout, late-onset gout and gout without tophus than HCs; Th17 cells were significantly elevated in early-onset gout and gout without tophus, while the percentage of Treg cells was significantly decreased in early-onset and late-onset gout. Additionally, gout patients had significantly higher cytokines levels (including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) than HCs; IL-2 levels were positively correlated with Treg cells and negatively correlated with ESR. ROC analysis showed that disease duration, CRP and fibrinogen, had moderate predictive performances for tophus in gout (the AUCs were 0.753, 0.703 and 0.701, respectively). Our study suggests that early-onset and late-onset gout differ in Th17/Treg imbalance, which in early-onset gout is due to elevated Th17 cells and in late-onset gout is due to decreased Treg cells. And increased serum cytokine levels, especially IL-2, may play an essential role in that. Restoring Th17/Treg balance may be a crucial way to improve the prognosis of gout patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zi
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ronghui Su
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Baochen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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Wang H, Peng Y, Huang X, Xiao J, Ma L, Liu H, Huang H, Yang Z, Wang C, Wang X, Cao Z. Glycometabolic reprogramming in cementoblasts: A vital target for enhancing cell mineralization. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23241. [PMID: 37847512 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300870rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Cementum, a constituent part of periodontal tissues, has important adaptive and reparative functions. It serves to attach the tooth to alveolar bone and acts as a barrier delimit epithelial growth and bacteria evasion. A dynamic and highly responsive cementum is essential for maintaining occlusal relationships and the integrity of the root surface. It is a thin layer of mineralized tissue mainly produced by cementoblasts. Cementoblasts are osteoblast-like cells essential for the restoration of periodontal tissues. In recent years, glucose metabolism has been found to be critical in bone remodeling and osteoblast differentiation. However, the glucose metabolism of cementoblasts remains incompletely understood. First, immunohistochemistry staining and in vivo tracing with 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) revealed significantly higher glucose metabolism in cementum formation. To test the bioenergetic pathways of cementoblast differentiation, we compared the bioenergetic profiles of mineralized and unmineralized cementoblasts. As a result, we observed a significant increase in the consumption of glucose and production of lactate, coupled with the higher expression of glycolysis-related genes. However, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes was downregulated. The verified results were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Likewise, targeted energy metabolomics shows that the levels of glycolytic metabolites were significantly higher in the mineralized cementoblasts. Seahorse assays identified an increase in glycolytic flux and reduced oxygen consumption during cementoblast mineralization. Apart from that, we also found that lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), a key glycolysis enzyme, positively regulates the mineralization of cementoblasts. In summary, cementoblasts mainly utilized glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation during the mineralization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hantao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Persson GR, Widén C, Wohlfart B, Sjöberg K, Steen S, Coleman MD, Holmer H. Impact of an Okinawa/Nordic based diet on endocrinological and periodontal conditions in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A randomized case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:544. [PMID: 37553617 PMCID: PMC10410947 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess if the results following intake of a diet using an Okinawan-based Nordic diet (OBND) over one month differs in endocrinological, periodontal clinical outcome, and serum cytokine levels compared to a standard hospital care diet in individuals with diabetes type 2 (T2D) (control group). BACKGROUND Scientific evidence suggests that the use of diet for individuals with T2D may be beneficial. METHODS Participating individuals with T2D were randomly assigned to a test (OBND) (n = 14), or control group (n = 16). Anthropometric data, blood glucose levels, HbA1c levels, lipids, serum inflammation markers (CRP, and a routine panel of 24 cytokines), blood pressure, gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depths (PPD), and clinical attachment levels (CAL) were studied. RESULTS Statistical analyses of baseline study data failed to demonstrate study group differences. The mean weight reduction was greater in the OBND group (4.1 kg) versus the control group (1.3 kg) (p < 0.01). The reduction in BMI was 1.4 kg/m2 in OBND (p < 0.001) and 0.5 kg/m2 in the control group, respectively (p < 0.01). Diastolic and systolic blood pressure reductions were greater in the OBND group than in the control group (p < 0.01). Periodontal study parameters (BOP % scores) and (PPD values) decreased (p < 0.001) overall with no between group differences. The OBND resulted in reduction of serum levels of IFNγ, Eotaxin IL-9, IP10,IL17a, MCP-1,m and PDFBB compared to the control diet. CONCLUSIONS A strict T2D- diet provides an association between reduction in serum HbA1c and BOP scores. Serum levels decreases in IFNγ, Eotaxin IL-9, IP-10, IL17a. MCP-1, and PDFBB were only found in the test group.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rutger Persson
- Departments of Periodontics, and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, HSB Box 357444, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Cecilia Widén
- Faculty of Health, Kristianstad University, SE-29188, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Björn Wohlfart
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stig Steen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael D Coleman
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helene Holmer
- Kristianstad Central Hospital, SE-29185, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Sungthong R, Khine HEE, Sumkhemthong S, Chanvorachote P, Tansawat R, Chaotham C. How do prolonged anchorage-free lifetimes strengthen non-small-cell lung cancer cells to evade anoikis? - A link with altered cellular metabolomics. Biol Res 2023; 56:44. [PMID: 37542350 PMCID: PMC10403914 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant cells adopt anoikis resistance to survive anchorage-free stresses and initiate cancer metastasis. It is still unknown how varying periods of anchorage loss contribute to anoikis resistance, cell migration, and metabolic reprogramming of cancerous cells. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that prolonging the anchorage-free lifetime of non-small-cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells for 7 days strengthened anoikis resistance, as shown by higher half-life and capability to survive and grow without anchorage, compared to wild-type cells or those losing anchorage for 3 days. While the prolonged anchorage-free lifetime was responsible for the increased aggressive feature of survival cells to perform rapid 3-dimensional migration during the first 3 h of a transwell assay, no significant influence was observed with 2-dimensional surface migration detected at 12 and 24 h by a wound-healing method. Metabolomics analysis revealed significant alteration in the intracellular levels of six (oxalic acid, cholesterol, 1-ethylpyrrolidine, 1-(3-methylbutyl)-2,3,4,6-tetramethylbenzene, β-alanine, and putrescine) among all 37 identified metabolites during 7 days without anchorage. Based on significance values, enrichment ratios, and impact scores of all metabolites and their associated pathways, three principal metabolic activities (non-standard amino acid metabolism, cell membrane biosynthesis, and oxidative stress response) offered potential links with anoikis resistance. CONCLUSIONS These findings further our insights into the evolution of anoikis resistance in lung cancer cells and identify promising biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungroch Sungthong
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Hnin Ei Ei Khine
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rossarin Tansawat
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Peng L, Chen L, Wan J, Liu W, Lou S, Shen Z. Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of immunometabolism reveals intervention candidates of ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, fatty-acid degradation and PUFA metabolism of T-cell subsets in healthy controls, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179877. [PMID: 37492568 PMCID: PMC10363747 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The modulation of immunometabolic pathways is emerging as a promising therapeutic target for immune-mediated diseases. However, the immunometabolic features of psoriatic disease and the potential targets for immunometabolic intervention in the different T-cell subsets involved in its pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods In this study, we analyzed circulating blood single-cell data from healthy controls (HC), psoriasis (PSO), and psoriatic arthritis (PSA) patients, and revealed their metabolic features of T-cell subsets: CD4+ central memory T cells (TCMs), CD8+ effective memory T cells (TEMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs ), and γδ T cells. Pearson test was performed to determine the linkages between differential metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Based on these results, we also analyzed the potential impacts of biological antibodies on differential metabolic pathways by comparing the immunometabolism differences between PSA patients without and with biological treatment. Results Our results suggest that upregulation of ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, as well as fatty acid degradation, may enhance the immune suppression of Tregs. Enhanced metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid may inhibit the pro-inflammatory functions of CD4+ TCMs and CD8+ TEMs in PSO and PSA, and protect the immune suppression of Tregs in PSA. We propose that supporting ascorbic acid and fatty acid metabolic pathways may be an adjunctive reprogramming strategy with adalimumab and etanercept therapy. Discussion These findings not only provide insights into immunometabolism characteristics of psoriatic disease, but also offer preliminary options for the auxiliary treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianji Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Lou
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shu P, Liang H, Zhang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Zhang D. Reactive oxygen species formation and its effect on CD4 + T cell-mediated inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199233. [PMID: 37304262 PMCID: PMC10249013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced both enzymatically and non-enzymatically in vivo. Physiological concentrations of ROS act as signaling molecules that participate in various physiological and pathophysiological activities and play an important role in basic metabolic functions. Diseases related to metabolic disorders may be affected by changes in redox balance. This review details the common generation pathways of intracellular ROS and discusses the damage to physiological functions when the ROS concentration is too high to reach an oxidative stress state. We also summarize the main features and energy metabolism of CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation and the effects of ROS produced during the oxidative metabolism of CD4+ T cells. Because the current treatment for autoimmune diseases damages other immune responses and functional cells in the body, inhibiting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells by targeting oxidative metabolism or ROS production without damaging systemic immune function is a promising treatment option. Therefore, exploring the relationship between T-cell energy metabolism and ROS and the T-cell differentiation process provides theoretical support for discovering effective treatments for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Abdolsamadi H, Poormoradi B, Yaghoubi G, Farhadian M, Jazaeri M. Relationship between body mass index and oral health indicators: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Transl Myol 2023. [PMID: 37013419 PMCID: PMC10388600 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Today's prevalence of obesity is dramatically increasing and a two-way interaction between higher body mass index (BMI) and oral health is described in scientific litterature. Accordingly, the present study was aimed to evaluate the relation of BMI and oral health indicators. In this cross-sectional study, 240 individuals according to their BMI were placed in the following experimental groups; underweight (BMI<18), normal weight (18≤BMI≤24.9), overweight (25≤BMI≤29.9) and obese (30≤BMI). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT) were obtained. Data was analyzed by SPSS 26 using descriptive tests and one-way ANOVA at the level of 0.05. The mean age and sex distribution of participants of experimental groups had no significant difference (p>0.05). GI and BOP were significantly lower in normal weight persons than individuals with high BMI (p<0.05). DMFT, the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth was approximately similar in all experimental groups (p>0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive significant relation between GI as well as BOP with BMI (p=0.000). Based on the results achieved by the present study, although periodontal health status of overweight and obese individuals was significantly compromised compared to normal weight persons, the dental health status was not affected by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Abdolsamadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Banafshe Poormoradi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | | | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Mina Jazaeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
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11
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Dexmedetomidine alleviates acute lung injury by promoting Tregs differentiation via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:423-438. [PMID: 36534240 PMCID: PMC9762669 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the anti-inflammatory effect and the potential mechanism of dexmedetomidine in ARDS/ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice and EL-4 cells were used in this research. The ALI model was established by CLP. The level of inflammatory cytokines in the lung and blood, the severity of lung injury, the expression of Foxp3, and the proportion of Tregs were detected before and after dexmedetomidine treatment. The expression of the AMPK/SIRT1 after dexmedetomidine treatment was detected in vivo and in vitro. After blocking the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway or depleting Tregs in vivo, the level of the inflammatory response, tissue injury, and Tregs differentiation were detected again to clarify the effect of dexmedetomidine. RESULTS Dexmedetomidine significantly reduced systemic inflammation and lung injury in CLP mice. Dexmedetomidine enhanced the Foxp3 expression in the lungs and the frequency of Tregs in the spleen. Dexmedetomidine up-regulated the protein expression of p-AMPK and SIRT1 in lungs and EL-4 cells and facilitated the differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Tregs in vitro. Meanwhile, DEX also increased the expression of Helios in Treg cells. CONCLUSIONS DEX could improve ARDS/ALI by facilitating the differentiation of Tregs from naïve CD4+ T cells via activating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.
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12
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Liu J, Dan R, Zhou X, Xiang J, Wang J, Liu J. Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1025-1040. [PMID: 36218054 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0822-645rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent infectious inflammatory diseases, characterized by irreversible destruction of the supporting tissues of teeth, which is correlated with a greater risk of multiple systemic diseases, thus regarded as a major health concern. Dysregulation between periodontal microbial community and host immunity is considered to be the leading cause of periodontitis. Comprehensive studies have unveiled the double-edged role of immune response in the development of periodontitis. Immune senescence, which is described as age-related alterations in immune system, including a diminished immune response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, a decline in the efficiency of immune protection, and even failure in immunity build-up after vaccination, leads to the increased susceptibility to infection. Recently, the intimate relationship between immune senescence and periodontitis has come into focus, especially in the aging population. In this review, both periodontal immunity and immune senescence will be fully introduced, especially their roles in the pathology and progression of periodontitis. Furthermore, novel immunotherapies targeting immune senescence are presented to provide potential targets for research and clinical intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruichen Dan
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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The role of Th17 cells: explanation of relationship between periodontitis and COPD? Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1011-1024. [PMID: 35781342 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic inflammatory diseases with common risk factors, such as long-term smoking, age, and social deprivation. Many observational studies have shown that periodontitis and COPD are correlated. Moreover, they share a common pathophysiological process involving local accumulation of inflammatory cells and cytokines and damage of soft tissues. The T helper 17 (Th17) cells and the related cytokines, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-22, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, play a crucial regulatory role during the pathophysiological process. This paper reviewed the essential roles of Th17 lineage in the occurrence of periodontitis and COPD. The gaps in the study of their common pathological mechanism were also evaluated to explore future research directions. Therefore, this review can provide study direction for the association between periodontitis and COPD and new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the two diseases.
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14
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The results of the index comparative evaluation of photodynamic therapy and ultraviolet irradiation in the treatment of chronic gingivitis. BIOMEDICAL PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.24931/2413-9432-2022-11-1-13-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this clinical study, the effect of photodynamic therapy and ultraviolet radiation on the effectiveness of the treatment of periodontal diseases was examined according to the results of an index assessment. Clinical examination of 95 patients of both sexes aged from 18 to 32 years revealed chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis (K05.1). The main index criteria for comparative parameters in all study groups were: simplified OHI-S hygiene index, Mullemann-Cowell bleeding index, PMA index. The indices were measured before and after treatment with subsequent control examinations in 1 month, 3 months, 6 months. The patients were divided into three groups and each group underwent standard periodontal treatment aimed at stopping the inflammatory process and preventing its further development. In the first group, the treatment was supplemented with the use of the FotoSan LED lamp with a wavelength of 630 nm, in the second the “Quasar” ultraviolet irradiator was used, in the third (control) group, the complex of therapeutic measures was carried out without physiotherapeutic procedures. According to the results of the study, the use of photodynamic therapy significantly accelerates the regenerative processes of periodontal epithelial tissue and reduces the number of treatment sessions.
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15
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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16
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Yang J, Hao T, Liu Y, Huang J, Wu W, Wu J, Sun W. Th17/Treg balance and indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase activity in periodontitis-associated atherosclerotic patients. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221080877. [PMID: 35220782 PMCID: PMC8894972 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221080877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the peripheral Th17/Treg balance and its potential controlling factor indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in patients with periodontitis and atherosclerosis (AS), as well as its correlation with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. Methods In this retrospective study, P. gingivalis-infected atherosclerotic patients (Pg-AS), atherosclerotic patients (AS), P. gingivalis-infected periodontitis patients (Pg), and healthy controls (HCs) were selected after clinical examination, subgingival plaque examination, and plasma anti-P. gingivalis antibody analysis. Treg and Th17 cell percentages, related transcription factors, and functional cytokines in peripheral blood were analysed. Plasma tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) were measured to determine IDO activity. Results Atherosclerotic patients (Pg-AS and AS groups) had significantly lower IDO activity and higher Th17/Treg ratio than those in the Pg and HC groups. The Th17/Treg ratio was higher and IDO activity was lower in the Pg-AS group compared with the AS group. Transcription factors and cytokines exhibited the same trend as the Th17 and Treg cells. Additionally, IDO activity was negatively correlated with the plasma anti-P. gingivalis antibody titre and the Th17/Treg ratio in the atherosclerotic group. Conclusions P. gingivalis may reduce IDO activity and further promote Th17/Treg imbalance to facilitate AS development. IDO may be a novel molecular marker to predict periodontitis-associated AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Hao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlei Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Deng J, Lu C, Zhao Q, Chen K, Ma S, Li Z. The Th17/Treg cell balance: crosstalk among the immune system, bone and microbes in periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:246-255. [PMID: 34878170 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periodontopathic bacteria constantly stimulate the host, which causes an immune response, leading to host-induced periodontal tissue damage. The complex interaction and imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells may be critical in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Furthermore, the RANKL/RANK/OPG system plays a significant role in periodontitis bone metabolism, and its relationship with the Th17/Treg cell imbalance may be a bridge between periodontal bone metabolism and the immune system. This article reviews the literature related to the Th17/Treg cell imbalance mediated by pathogenic periodontal microbes, and its mechanism involving RANKL/RANK/OPG in periodontitis bone metabolism, in an effort to provide new ideas for the study of the immunopathological mechanism of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Deng
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Department of Stomatology, College of stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunting Lu
- Science and Education Office, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingtong Zhao
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Department of Stomatology, College of stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexiao Chen
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Department of Stomatology, College of stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Ma
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Department of Stomatology, College of stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zejian Li
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Department of Stomatology, College of stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Chaoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Chaozhou, China
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18
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Obesity is a trigger for multiple diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity may be a risk factor for periodontal disease. Recently, there have been reports of presumed mechanisms of the associations between periodontitis and lipid metabolism or thermogenesis. This review aims to discuss the link between periodontal disease and energy regulatory function based on recent findings. Recent Findings It has been demonstrated that activation of the C–C motif chemokine ligand/C–C chemokine receptor 7 pathway in adipose tissue induces inflammation and impairment of lipid metabolism and energy regulation in mice. Porphyromonas gingivalis administration has been shown to induce further weight gain and increased adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice. Additionally, it has been reported that Porphyromonas gingivalis–induced endotoxemia potentially affect obesity by altering endocrine functions in brown adipose tissue in mice. Several cohort studies have shown that obesity is associated with tooth loss 5 years later, and periodontal conditions of obese individuals are significantly worse 2 and 6 months after the treatment compared with those of non-obese individuals. It has also been reported that body mass index is positively associated with the periodontal inflamed surface area index, a measure of periodontal inflammation. These results suggest that not only the enhancement of inflammation due to obesity but also the activation of inflammatory signaling may affect energy regulation. Summary Loss of adipose tissue homeostasis induces increase and activation of immune cells in adipose tissue, leading to impaired immune function in obesity. Various cytokines and chemokines are secreted from obese adipose tissue and promote inflammatory signaling. Some of these signaling pathways have been suggested to affect energy regulation. The combination of obesity and periodontitis amplifies inflammation to levels that affect the whole body through the adipose tissue. Obesity, in turn, accelerates the exacerbation of periodontitis.
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