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Lasorsa F, Rutigliano M, Milella M, d’Amati A, Crocetto F, Pandolfo SD, Barone B, Ferro M, Spilotros M, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4332. [PMID: 38673917 PMCID: PMC11050495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation offers a longer life expectancy and a better quality of life than dialysis to patients with end-stage kidney disease. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is thought to be a cornerstone in delayed or reduced graft function and increases the risk of rejection by triggering the immunogenicity of the organ. IRI is an unavoidable event that happens when the blood supply is temporarily reduced and then restored to an organ. IRI is the result of several biological pathways, such as transcriptional reprogramming, apoptosis and necrosis, innate and adaptive immune responses, and endothelial dysfunction. Tubular cells mostly depend on fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation for energy production since more ATP molecules are yielded per substrate molecule than glucose oxidation. Upon ischemia-reperfusion damage, the innate and adaptive immune system activates to achieve tissue clearance and repair. Several cells, cytokines, enzymes, receptors, and ligands are known to take part in these events. The complement cascade might start even before organ procurement in deceased donors. However, additional experimental and clinical data are required to better understand the pathogenic events that take place during this complex process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Milella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d’Amati
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Pathology Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Urology, University of L’Aquila, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Biagio Barone
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, AORN Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 71013 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Spilotros
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Nazemi M, Yanes B, Martinez ML, Walker HJ, Pham K, Collins MO, Bard F, Rainero E. The extracellular matrix supports breast cancer cell growth under amino acid starvation by promoting tyrosine catabolism. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002406. [PMID: 38227562 PMCID: PMC10791009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast tumours are embedded in a collagen I-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) network, where nutrients are scarce due to limited blood flow and elevated tumour growth. Metabolic adaptation is required for cancer cells to endure these conditions. Here, we demonstrated that the presence of ECM supported the growth of invasive breast cancer cells, but not non-transformed mammary epithelial cells, under amino acid starvation, through a mechanism that required macropinocytosis-dependent ECM uptake. Importantly, we showed that this behaviour was acquired during carcinoma progression. ECM internalisation, followed by lysosomal degradation, contributed to the up-regulation of the intracellular levels of several amino acids, most notably tyrosine and phenylalanine. This resulted in elevated tyrosine catabolism on ECM under starvation, leading to increased fumarate levels, potentially feeding into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Interestingly, this pathway was required for ECM-dependent cell growth and invasive cell migration under amino acid starvation, as the knockdown of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase-like protein (HPDL), the third enzyme of the pathway, opposed cell growth and motility on ECM in both 2D and 3D systems, without affecting cell proliferation on plastic. Finally, high HPDL expression correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Collectively, our results highlight that the ECM in the tumour microenvironment (TME) represents an alternative source of nutrients to support cancer cell growth by regulating phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nazemi
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Bian Yanes
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Montserrat Llanses Martinez
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
| | - Heather J. Walker
- biOMICS Facility, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Khoa Pham
- biOMICS Facility, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark O. Collins
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- biOMICS Facility, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Frederic Bard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
- Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Marseille, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Elena Rainero
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Liu PY, Li HQ, Dong MQ, Gu XY, Xu SY, Xia SN, Bao XY, Xu Y, Cao X. Infiltrating myeloid cell-derived properdin markedly promotes microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:260. [PMID: 37951917 PMCID: PMC10640761 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has shown that myeloid cells that infiltrate into the peri-infarct region may influence the progression of ischemic stroke by interacting with microglia. Properdin, which is typically secreted by immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells, has been found to possess damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) properties and can perform functions unrelated to the complement pathway. However, the role of properdin in modulating microglia-mediated post-stroke neuroinflammation remains unclear. METHODS Global and conditional (myeloid-specific) properdin-knockout mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Histopathological and behavioral tests were performed to assess ischemic brain injury in mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence staining were applied to explore the source and the expression level of properdin. The transcriptomic profile of properdin-activated primary microglia was depicted by transcriptome sequencing. Lentivirus was used for macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) silencing in microglia. Conditioned medium from primary microglia was administered to primary cortex neurons to determine the neurotoxicity of microglia. A series of cellular and molecular biological techniques were used to evaluate the proinflammatory response, neuronal death, protein-protein interactions, and related signaling pathways, etc. RESULTS: The level of properdin was significantly increased, and brain-infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages were the main sources of properdin in the ischemic brain. Global and conditional myeloid knockout of properdin attenuated microglial overactivation and inflammatory responses at the acute stage of tMCAO in mice. Accordingly, treatment with recombinant properdin enhanced the production of proinflammatory cytokines and augmented microglia-potentiated neuronal death in primary culture. Mechanistically, recombinant properdin served as a novel ligand that activated Mincle receptors on microglia and downstream pathways to drive primary microglia-induced inflammatory responses. Intriguingly, properdin can directly bind to the microglial Mincle receptor to exert the above effects, while Mincle knockdown limits properdin-mediated microglial inflammation. CONCLUSION Properdin is a new medium by which infiltrating peripheral myeloid cells communicate with microglia, further activate microglia, and exacerbate brain injury in the ischemic brain, suggesting that targeted disruption of the interaction between properdin and Mincle on microglia or inhibition of their downstream signaling may improve the prognosis of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qin Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qi Dong
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Nan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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Golshayan D, Schwotzer N, Fakhouri F, Zuber J. Targeting the Complement Pathway in Kidney Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1776-1792. [PMID: 37439664 PMCID: PMC10631604 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is paramount in the clearance of pathogens and cell debris, yet is increasingly recognized as a key component in several pathways leading to allograft injury. There is thus a growing interest in new biomarkers to assess complement activation and guide tailored therapies after kidney transplantation (KTx). C5 blockade has revolutionized post-transplant management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, a paradigm of complement-driven disease. Similarly, new drugs targeting the complement amplification loop hold much promise in the treatment and prevention of recurrence of C3 glomerulopathy. Although unduly activation of the complement pathway has been described after brain death and ischemia reperfusion, any clinical attempts to mitigate the ensuing renal insults have so far provided mixed results. However, the intervention timing, strategy, and type of complement blocker need to be optimized in these settings. Furthermore, the fast-moving field of ex vivo organ perfusion technology opens new avenues to deliver complement-targeted drugs to kidney allografts with limited iatrogenic risks. Complement plays also a key role in the pathogenesis of donor-specific ABO- and HLA-targeted alloantibodies. However, C5 blockade failed overall to improve outcomes in highly sensitized patients and prevent the progression to chronic antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). Similarly, well-conducted studies with C1 inhibitors in sensitized recipients yielded disappointing results so far, in part, because of subtherapeutic dosage used in clinical studies. The emergence of new complement blockers raises hope to significantly reduce the negative effect of ischemia reperfusion, ABMR, and nephropathy recurrence on outcomes after KTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dela Golshayan
- Transplantation Center, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nora Schwotzer
- Service of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fadi Fakhouri
- Service of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Zuber
- Service de Transplantation rénale adulte, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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Liu T, Li Q, Jin Q, Yang L, Mao H, Qu P, Guo J, Zhang B, Ma F, Wang Y, Peng L, Li P, Zhan Y. Targeting HMGB1: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5020-5035. [PMID: 37781525 PMCID: PMC10539693 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a member of a highly conserved high-mobility group protein present in all cell types. HMGB1 plays multiple roles both inside and outside the cell, depending on its subcellular localization, context, and post-translational modifications. HMGB1 is also associated with the progression of various diseases. Particularly, HMGB1 plays a critical role in CKD progression and prognosis. HMGB1 participates in multiple key events in CKD progression by activating downstream signals, including renal inflammation, the onset of persistent fibrosis, renal aging, AKI-to-CKD transition, and important cardiovascular complications. More importantly, HMGB1 plays a distinct role in the chronic pathophysiology of kidney disease, which differs from that in acute lesions. This review describes the regulatory role of HMGB1 in renal homeostasis and summarizes how HMGB1 affects CKD progression and prognosis. Finally, some promising therapeutic strategies for the targeted inhibition of HMGB1 in improving CKD are summarized. Although the application of HMGB1 as a therapeutic target in CKD faces some challenges, a more in-depth understanding of the intracellular and extracellular regulatory mechanisms of HMGB1 that underly the occurrence and progression of CKD might render HMGB1 an attractive therapeutic target for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Qu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Santarsiero D, Aiello S. The Complement System in Kidney Transplantation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050791. [PMID: 36899927 PMCID: PMC10001167 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the therapy of choice for patients who suffer from end-stage renal diseases. Despite improvements in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive treatments, long-term graft survival remains a challenge. A large body of evidence documented that the complement cascade, a part of the innate immune system, plays a crucial role in the deleterious inflammatory reactions that occur during the transplantation process, such as brain or cardiac death of the donor and ischaemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, the complement system also modulates the responses of T cells and B cells to alloantigens, thus playing a crucial role in cellular as well as humoral responses to the allograft, which lead to damage to the transplanted kidney. Since several drugs that are capable of inhibiting complement activation at various stages of the complement cascade are emerging and being developed, we will discuss how these novel therapies could have potential applications in ameliorating outcomes in kidney transplantations by preventing the deleterious effects of ischaemia/reperfusion injury, modulating the adaptive immune response, and treating antibody-mediated rejection.
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Wu Y, Huang L, Sai W, Chen F, Liu Y, Han C, Barker JM, Zwaini ZD, Lowe MP, Brunskill NJ, Yang B. HBSP improves kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes repair in properdin deficient mice via enhancing phagocytosis of tubular epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183768. [PMID: 37207230 PMCID: PMC10188997 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis plays vital roles in injury and repair, while its regulation by properdin and innate repair receptor, a heterodimer receptor of erythropoietin receptor (EPOR)/β common receptor (βcR), in renal ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) remains unclear. Properdin, a pattern recognition molecule, facilitates phagocytosis by opsonizing damaged cells. Our previous study showed that the phagocytic function of tubular epithelial cells isolated from properdin knockout (PKO) mouse kidneys was compromised, with upregulated EPOR in IR kidneys that was further raised by PKO at repair phase. Here, helix B surface peptide (HBSP), derived from EPO only recognizing EPOR/βcR, ameliorated IR-induced functional and structural damage in both PKO and wild-type (WT) mice. In particular, HBSP treatment led to less cell apoptosis and F4/80+ macrophage infiltration in the interstitium of PKO IR kidneys compared to the WT control. In addition, the expression of EPOR/βcR was increased by IR in WT kidneys, and furthered increased in IR PKO kidneys, but greatly reduced by HBSP in the IR kidneys of PKO mice. HBSP also increased PCNA expression in IR kidneys of both genotypes. Moreover, iridium-labelled HBSP (HBSP-Ir) was localized mainly in the tubular epithelia after 17-h renal IR in WT mice. HBSP-Ir also anchored to mouse kidney epithelial (TCMK-1) cells treated by H2O2. Both EPOR and EPOR/βcR were significantly increased by H2O2 treatment, while further increased EPOR was showed in cells transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting properdin, but a lower level of EPOR was seen in EPOR siRNA and HBSP-treated cells. The number of early apoptotic cells was increased by EPOR siRNA in H2O2-treated TCMK-1, but markedly reversed by HBSP. The phagocytic function of TCMK-1 cells assessed by uptake fluorescence-labelled E.coli was enhanced by HBSP dose-dependently. Our data demonstrate for the first time that HBSP improves the phagocytic function of tubular epithelial cells and kidney repair post IR injury, via upregulated EPOR/βcR triggered by both IR and properdin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Lili Huang
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Weili Sai
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cheng Han
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Joanna M. Barker
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Zinah D. Zwaini
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P. Lowe
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J. Brunskill
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Yang,
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Huang P, Cao J, Chen J, Luo Y, Gong X, Wu C, Wang Y. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1015825. [PMID: 36132990 PMCID: PMC9483100 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1015825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main cause of acute kidney injury and the cause of rapid renal dysfunction and high mortality. In recent years, with the gradual deepening of the understanding of the intestinal flora, exploring renal IRI from the perspective of the intestinal flora has become a research hotspot. It is well known that the intestinal flora plays an important role in maintaining human health, and dysbiosis is the change in the composition and function of the intestinal tract, which in turn causes intestinal barrier dysfunction. Studies have shown that there are significant differences in the composition of intestinal flora before and after renal IRI, and this difference is closely related to the occurrence and development of renal IRI and affects prognosis. In addition, toxins produced by dysregulated gut microbes enter the bloodstream, which in turn exacerbates kidney damage. This article reviews the research progress of intestinal flora and renal IRI, in order to provide new treatment ideas and strategies for renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jianwei Cao
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedics of Hand and Foot, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyi Chen, ; Yu Wang, ; Chengyi Wu,
| | - Yanrong Luo
- Physical examination center, Shiyan Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaofang Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chengyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyi Chen, ; Yu Wang, ; Chengyi Wu,
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyi Chen, ; Yu Wang, ; Chengyi Wu,
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9
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Qi R, Qin W. Role of Complement System in Kidney Transplantation: Stepping From Animal Models to Clinical Application. Front Immunol 2022; 13:811696. [PMID: 35281019 PMCID: PMC8913494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.811696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is a life-saving strategy for patients with end-stage renal diseases. Despite the advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive agents, the long-term graft survival remains a challenge. Growing evidence has shown that the complement system, part of the innate immune response, is involved in kidney transplantation. Novel insights highlighted the role of the locally produced and intracellular complement components in the development of inflammation and the alloreactive response in the kidney allograft. In the current review, we provide the updated understanding of the complement system in kidney transplantation. We will discuss the involvement of the different complement components in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury, delayed graft function, allograft rejection, and chronic allograft injury. We will also introduce the existing and upcoming attempts to improve allograft outcomes in animal models and in the clinical setting by targeting the complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Qi
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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10
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Fakhouri F, Schwotzer N, Golshayan D, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. The rational use of complement inhibitors in kidney diseases. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 7:1165-1178. [PMID: 35685323 PMCID: PMC9171628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of complement inhibitors represented one of the major breakthroughs in clinical nephrology in the last decade. Complement inhibition has dramatically transformed the outcome of one of the most severe kidney diseases, the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a prototypic complement-mediated disorder. The availability of complement inhibitors has also opened new promising perspectives for the management of several other kidney diseases in which complement activation is involved to a variable extent. With the rapidly growing number of complement inhibitors tested in a rapidly increasing number of indications, a rational use of this innovative and expensive new therapeutic class has become crucial. The present review aims to summarize what we know, and what we still ignore, regarding complement activation and therapeutic inhibition in kidney diseases. It also provides some clues and elements of thoughts for a rational approach of complement modulation in kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Fakhouri
- Service de Néphrologie et d'hypertension, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: Fadi Fakhouri, Service de Néphrologie et d'hypertension, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nora Schwotzer
- Service de Néphrologie et d'hypertension, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Déla Golshayan
- Centre de Transplantation d'organes, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Frémeaux-Bacchi
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie, Paris University, Paris, France
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