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Fang Z, Liu C, Yu X, Yang K, Yu T, Ji Y, Liu C. Identification of neutrophil extracellular trap-related biomarkers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through machine learning and single-cell analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21085. [PMID: 39256536 PMCID: PMC11387488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), noted for its widespread prevalence among adults, has become the leading chronic liver condition globally. Simultaneously, the annual disease burden, particularly liver cirrhosis caused by NAFLD, has increased significantly. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) play a crucial role in the progression of this disease and are key to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. However, research into the specific roles of NETs-related genes in NAFLD is still a field requiring thorough investigation. Utilizing techniques like AddModuleScore, ssGSEA, and WGCNA, our team conducted gene screening to identify the genes linked to NETs in both single-cell and bulk transcriptomics. Using algorithms including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Least Absolute Shrinkage, and Selection Operator, we identified ZFP36L2 and PHLDA1 as key hub genes. The pivotal role of these genes in NAFLD diagnosis was confirmed using the training dataset GSE164760. This study identified 116 genes linked to NETs across single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses. These genes demonstrated enrichment in immune and metabolic pathways. Additionally, two NETs-related hub genes, PHLDA1 and ZFP36L2, were selected through machine learning for integration into a prognostic model. These hub genes play roles in inflammatory and metabolic processes. scRNA-seq results showed variations in cellular communication among cells with different expression patterns of these key genes. In conclusion, this study explored the molecular characteristics of NETs-associated genes in NAFLD. It identified two potential biomarkers and analyzed their roles in the hepatic microenvironment. These discoveries could aid in NAFLD diagnosis and management, with the ultimate goal of enhancing patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Changxu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianqi Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yanchao Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Jiang J, Huang Y, He B. Advances in the interaction between lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and fat infiltration of paraspinal muscles: critical summarization, classification, and perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1353087. [PMID: 38978618 PMCID: PMC11228240 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1353087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 619 million people in the world suffer from low back pain (LBP). As two potential inducers of LBP, intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and fat infiltration of paraspinal muscles (PSMs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. So far, only one review has been presented to summarize their relationship and relevant mechanisms. Nevertheless, it has several noticeable drawbacks, such as incomplete categorization and discussion, lack of practical proposals, etc. Consequently, this paper aims to systematically summarize and classify the interaction between IVDD and fat infiltration of PSMs, thus providing a one-stop search handbook for future studies. As a result, four mechanisms of IVDD leading to fat infiltration of PSMs and three mechanisms of fat infiltration in PSMs causing IVDD are thoroughly analyzed and summarized. The typical reseaches are tabulated and evaluated from four aspects, i.e., methods, conclusions, benefits, and drawbacks. We find that IVDD and fat infiltration of PSMs is a vicious cycle that can promote the occurrence and development of each other, ultimately leading to LBP and disability. Finally, eight perspectives are proposed for future in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiu Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yilong Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Gill JS, Bansal B, Guo K, Huang F, Singh H, Hur J, Khan N, Mathur R. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Regulates FOXP3+ T-Cell Activity and CD4-Mediated Inflammation in Older Adults with Frailty. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6235. [PMID: 38892421 PMCID: PMC11173216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In healthy older adults, the immune system generally preserves its response and contributes to a long, healthy lifespan. However, rapid deterioration in immune regulation can lead to chronic inflammation, termed inflammaging, which accelerates pathological aging and diminishes the quality of life in older adults with frailty. A significant limitation in current aging research is the predominant focus on comparisons between young and older populations, often overlooking the differences between healthy older adults and those experiencing pathological aging. Our study elucidates the intricate immunological dynamics of the CD4/Treg axis in frail older adults compared to comparable age-matched healthy older adults. By utilizing publicly available RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we identified a specific Treg cell subset and transcriptional landscape contributing to the dysregulation of CD4+ T-cell responses. We explored the molecular mechanisms underpinning Treg dysfunction, revealing that Tregs from frail older adults exhibit reduced mitochondrial protein levels, impairing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This impairment is driven by the TNF/NF-kappa B pathway, leading to cumulative inflammation. Further, we gained a deeper understanding of the CD4/Treg axis by predicting the effects of gene perturbations on cellular signaling networks. Collectively, these findings highlight the age-related relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction in the CD4/Treg axis and its role in accelerating aging and frailty in older adults. Targeting Treg dysfunction offers a critical basis for developing tailored therapeutic strategies aimed at improving the quality of life in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jappreet Singh Gill
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58292, USA
| | - Benu Bansal
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58292, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32603, USA;
| | - Ramkumar Mathur
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
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Li J, Wu J, Xie Y, Yu X. Bone marrow adipocytes and lung cancer bone metastasis: unraveling the role of adipokines in the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1360471. [PMID: 38571500 PMCID: PMC10987778 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1360471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone is a common site of metastasis for lung cancer. The "seed and soil" hypothesis suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment ("soil") may provide a conducive survival environment for metastasizing tumor cells ("seeds"). The bone marrow microenvironment, comprising a complex array of cells, includes bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs), which constitute about 70% of the adult bone marrow volume and may play a significant role in tumor bone metastasis. BMAs can directly provide energy for tumor cells, promoting their proliferation and migration. Furthermore, BMAs participate in the tumor microenvironment's osteogenesis regulation, osteoclast(OC) regulation, and immune response through the secretion of adipokines, cytokines, and inflammatory factors. However, the precise mechanisms of BMAs in lung cancer bone metastasis remain largely unclear. This review primarily explores the role of BMAs and their secreted adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, Nesfatin-1, Resistin, chemerin, visfatin) in lung cancer bone metastasis, aiming to provide new insights into the mechanisms and clinical treatment of lung cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jialu Wu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanni Xie
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Szymanska K, Rytelewska E, Zaobidna E, Kiezun M, Gudelska M, Kopij G, Dobrzyn K, Mlyczynska E, Kurowska P, Kaminska B, Nynca A, Smolinska N, Rak A, Kaminski T. The Effect of Visfatin on the Functioning of the Porcine Pituitary Gland: An In Vitro Study. Cells 2023; 12:2835. [PMID: 38132154 PMCID: PMC10742260 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Visfatin (VIS), also known as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Recently, VIS has been also recognized as an adipokine. Our previous study revealed that VIS is produced in the anterior and posterior lobes of the porcine pituitary. Moreover, the expression and secretion of VIS are dependent on the phase of the estrous cycle and/or the stage of early pregnancy. Based on this, we hypothesized that VIS may regulate porcine pituitary function. This study was conducted on anterior pituitary (AP) glands harvested from pigs during specific phases of the estrous cycle. We have shown the modulatory effect of VIS in vitro on LH and FSH secretion by porcine AP cells (determined by ELISA). VIS was also found to stimulate cell proliferation (determined by Alamar Blue) without affecting apoptosis in these cells (determined using flow cytometry technique). Moreover, it was indicated that VIS may act in porcine AP cells through the INSR, AKT/PI3K, MAPK/ERK1/2, and AMPK signaling pathways (determined by ELISA or Western Blot). This observation was further supported by the finding that simultaneous treatment of cells with VIS and inhibitors of these pathways abolished the observed VIS impact on LH and FSH secretion (determined by ELISA). In addition, our research indicated that VIS affected the mentioned processes in a manner that was dependent on the dose of VIS and/or the phase of the estrous cycle. Thus, these findings suggest that VIS may regulate the functioning of the porcine pituitary gland during the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szymanska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Ewa Mlyczynska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Anna Nynca
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
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Gonçalves CCRA, Feitosa BM, Cavalcante BV, Lima ALGDSB, de Souza CM, Joventino LB, Cavalcante MB. Obesity and recurrent miscarriage: The interconnections between adipose tissue and the immune system. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13757. [PMID: 37641378 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, obesity is considered a global public health problem. It is the main risk factor for noncommunicable diseases and reproductive complications, such as recurrent miscarriage (RM). RM affects approximately 1% of couples of reproductive age, and recent studies suggest that its prevalence is increasing. Immunological abnormalities may be responsible for a significant number of cases of unexplained RM. Obesity is recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition. The accumulation of fat in obese adipose tissue promotes changes in the local and systemic immune response. Adipokines, exosomes, micro-RNAs, lipids, and other factors released or secreted by adipose tissue are responsible for the interconnection between obesity and the immune system. Obesity-induced dysregulation of the innate and acquired immune response is also involved in the immunopathology of pregnancy loss in patients with unexplained RM. Therefore, understanding the communication pathways between maternal adipose tissue and the immune response in women living with obesity and RM is an important objective. Thus, diagnostic tools and new immunomodulatory therapies may be proposed for the management of patients with concurrent obesity and RM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo Borges Cavalcante
- Medical School, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- CONCEPTUS - Reproductive Medicine, Fortaleza, Brazil
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