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Tian W, Zhu L, Luo Y, Tang Y, Tan Q, Zou Y, Chen K, Deng X, Tang H, Li H, Cai M, Xie X, Ye F. Autophagy Deficiency Induced by SAT1 Potentiates Tumor Progression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309903. [PMID: 39073262 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) still lacks approved targeted therapies, requiring more exploration of its underlying mechanisms. Previous studies have suggested a potential role of SAT1 (Spermidine/Spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1) in cancer, which needs to be further elucidated in breast cancer. In this study, highly expressed SAT1 in TNBC signified worse patient prognoses. And SAT1 knockdown effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. In terms of mechanism, the transcription factor JUN enhanced SAT1 transcriptional activity by binding to its promoter region. Then, SAT1 protein in the cytoplasm engaged in directly binding with YBX1 for sustaining YBX1 protein stability via deubiquitylation mediated by the E3 ligase HERC5. Further, SAT1 was found to suppress autophagy remarkably via stabilization of mTOR mRNA with the accumulation of YBX1-mediated methyl-5-cytosine (m5C) modification. These findings proved that SAT1 drives TNBC progression through the SAT1/YBX1/mTOR axis, which may provide a potential candidate for targeted therapy in advanced TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Lewei Zhu
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhou Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qingjian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yutian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Kun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Manbo Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
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Luo Y, Tian W, Kang D, Wu L, Tang H, Wang S, Zhang C, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Xie J, Deng X, Zou H, Wu H, Lin H, Wei W. RNA modification gene WDR4 facilitates tumor progression and immunotherapy resistance in breast cancer. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00266-2. [PMID: 38960276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing interest toward RNA modification in cancer has inspired the exploration of gene sets related to multiple RNA modifications. However, a comprehensive elucidation of the clinical value of various RNA modifications in breast cancer is still lacking. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to provide a strategy based on RNA modification-related genes for predicting therapy response and survival outcomes in breast cancer patients. METHODS Genes related to thirteen RNA modification patterns were integrated for establishing a nine-gene-containing signature-RMscore. Alterations of tumor immune microenvironment and therapy response featured by different RMscore levels were assessed by bulk transcriptome, single-cell transcriptome and genomics analyses. The biological function of key RMscore-related molecules was investigated by cellular experiments in vitro and in vivo, using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS This study has raised an effective therapy strategy for breast cancer patients after a well-rounded investigation of RNA modification-related genes. With a great performance of predicting patient prognosis, high levels of the RMscore proposed in this study represented suppressive immune microenvironment and therapy resistance, including adjuvant chemotherapy and PD-L1 blockade treatment. As the key contributor of the RMscore, inhibition of WDR4 impaired breast cancer progression significantly in vitro and in vivo, as well as participated in regulating cell cycle and mTORC1 signaling pathway via m7G modification. CONCLUSION Briefly, this study has developed promising and effective tactics to achieve the prediction of survival probabilities and treatment response in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhou Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wenwen Tian
- Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Da Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sifen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Huan Lin
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weidong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651, East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Cao H, Zheng X, Teng C, Xu L, Wang Y, Gai C, Ye H. Rhodobacter sphaeroides supplementation improves defense ability of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis against Shewanella putrefaciens infection via intestinal flora and metabolism regulation. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 204:108120. [PMID: 38679366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Shewanella putrefaciens is a vital bacterial pathogen implicated in serious diseases in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Yet the use of probiotics to improve the defense ability of E. sinensis against S. putrefaciens infection remains poorly understood. In the present study, the protective effect of dietary R. sphaeroides against S. putrefaciens infection in E. sinensis was evaluated through antioxidant capability, immune response, and survival under bacterial challenge assays, and its protective mechanism was further explored using a combination of intestinal flora and metabolome assays. Our results indicated that dietary R. sphaeroides could significantly improve immunity and antioxidant ability of Chinese mitten crabs, thereby strengthening their disease resistance with the relative percentage survival of 81.09% against S. putrefaciens. In addition, dietary R. sphaeroides could significantly alter the intestinal microbial composition and intestinal metabolism of crabs, causing not only the reduction of potential threatening pathogen load but also the increase of differential metabolites in tryptophan metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Furthermore, the regulation of differential metabolites such as N-Acetylserotonin positively correlated with beneficial Rhodobacter could be a potential protection strategy for Shewanella infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to illustrate the protective effect and mechanism of R. sphaeroides supplementation to protect E. sinensis against S. putrefaciens infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Cao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Xurui Zheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chenhao Teng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - La Xu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao, Shandong 266104, China
| | - Youhong Wang
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao, Shandong 266104, China
| | - Chunlei Gai
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao, Shandong 266104, China.
| | - Haibin Ye
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao, Shandong 266104, China.
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Kundu M, Butti R, Panda VK, Malhotra D, Das S, Mitra T, Kapse P, Gosavi SW, Kundu GC. Modulation of the tumor microenvironment and mechanism of immunotherapy-based drug resistance in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:92. [PMID: 38715072 PMCID: PMC11075356 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most frequent female malignancy, is often curable when detected at an early stage. The treatment of metastatic breast cancer is more challenging and may be unresponsive to conventional therapy. Immunotherapy is crucial for treating metastatic breast cancer, but its resistance is a major limitation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is vital in modulating the immunotherapy response. Various tumor microenvironmental components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are involved in TME modulation to cause immunotherapy resistance. This review highlights the role of stromal cells in modulating the breast tumor microenvironment, including the involvement of CAF-TAM interaction, alteration of tumor metabolism leading to immunotherapy failure, and other latest strategies, including high throughput genomic screening, single-cell and spatial omics techniques for identifying tumor immune genes regulating immunotherapy response. This review emphasizes the therapeutic approach to overcome breast cancer immune resistance through CAF reprogramming, modulation of TAM polarization, tumor metabolism, and genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, West Bengal, 700125, India
| | - Ramesh Butti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Venketesh K Panda
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Diksha Malhotra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Sumit Das
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Tandrima Mitra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Prachi Kapse
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Suresh W Gosavi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
- Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
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Li C, Yang L, Zhang Y, Hou Q, Wang S, Lu S, Tao Y, Hu W, Zhao L. Integrating single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses to develop a cancer-associated fibroblast-derived biomarker for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1307588. [PMID: 38235137 PMCID: PMC10791883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the progression and treatment of breast cancer (BRCA); however, risk signatures and molecular targets based on CAFs are limited. This study aims to identify novel CAF-related biomarkers to develop a risk signature for predicting the prognosis and therapeutic response of patients with BRCA. Methods CAF-related genes (CAFRGs) and a risk signature based on these genes were comprehensively analyzed using publicly available bulk and single-cell transcriptomic datasets. Modular genes identified from bulk sequencing data were intersected with CAF marker genes identified from single-cell analysis to obtain reliable CAFRGs. Signature CAFRGs were screened via Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses. Multiple patient cohorts were used to validate the prognosis and therapeutic responsiveness of high-risk patients stratified based on the CAFRG-based signature. In addition, the relationship between the CAFRG-based signature and clinicopathological factors, tumor immune landscape, functional pathways, chemotherapy sensitivity and immunotherapy sensitivity was examined. External datasets were used and sample experiments were performed to examine the expression pattern of MFAP4, a key CAFRG, in BRCA. Results Integrated analyses of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data as well as prognostic screening revealed a total of 43 prognostic CAFRGs; of which, 14 genes (TLN2, SGCE, SDC1, SAV1, RUNX1, PDLIM4, OSMR, NT5E, MFAP4, IGFBP6, CTSO, COL12A1, CCDC8 and C1S) were identified as signature CAFRGs. The CAFRG-based risk signature exhibited favorable efficiency and accuracy in predicting survival outcomes and clinicopathological progression in multiple BRCA cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis suggested the involvement of the immune system, and the immune infiltration landscape significantly differed between the risk groups. Patients with high CAF-related risk scores (CAFRSs) exhibited tumor immunosuppression, enhanced cancer hallmarks and hyposensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Five compounds were identified as promising therapeutic agents for high-CAFRS BRCA. External datasets and sample experiments validated the downregulation of MFAP4 and its strong correlation with CAFs in BRCA. Conclusions A novel CAF-derived gene signature with favorable predictive performance was developed in this study. This signature may be used to assess prognosis and guide individualized treatment for patients with BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanjie Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianshan Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoteng Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijie Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesia Physiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang D, Wang M, Huang X, Wang L, Liu Y, Zhou S, Tang Y, Wang Q, Li Z, Wang G. GLS as a diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer: in-silico, in-situ, and in-vitro insights. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1220038. [PMID: 37664031 PMCID: PMC10471892 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1220038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, a novel programmed cell death mechanism, Cuproptosis, has been discovered and found to play an important role in the development and progression of diverse tumors. In the present study, we comprehensively investigated the core gene of this mechanism, GLS, in breast cancer. Materials and methods Bulk RNA sequencing data were curated from the TCGA repository to investigate the aberrant expression of GLS over diverse cancer types. Then, we examined its efficacy as a diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer by Area Under Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operative Characteristic (ROC) curve. Furthermore, by applying siRNA technique, we knocked down the GLS expression level in cancerous cell lines, measuring the corresponding effects on cell proliferation and metastasis. Afterward, we explored the potential implications of GLS expression in the tumor immune microenvironment quantitatively by using several R packages and algorithms, including ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, etc. Results Pan-cancer analysis suggested that GLS was aberrantly over-expressed in many cancer types, with breast cancer being typical. More in-depth analyses revealed the expression of GLS exerted a high ROC-AUC value in breast cancer diagnosis. Through the knock-down of GLS expression, it was found that GLS expression was strongly relevant to the growth and metastasis of tumor. Furthermore, it was also found to be correlated with the immune tumor microenvironment. Conclusion We highlighted that GLS expression might be applicable as a diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer and possess significant implications in the growth and metastasis of tumor and the immune tumor microenvironment, sharing new insights into ontological and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Zhang
- Departments of Breast Thyroid Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Man Wang
- Departments of Outpatient Department, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Longbin Wang
- Faculty of Life Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sixth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Zhou
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yidan Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Qi Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Departments of Breast Thyroid Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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Wu Z, Li X, Gu Z, Xia X, Yang J. Pyrimidine metabolism regulator-mediated molecular subtypes display tumor microenvironmental hallmarks and assist precision treatment in bladder cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1102518. [PMID: 37664033 PMCID: PMC10470057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common urinary system malignancy with a significant morbidity and death rate worldwide. Non-muscle invasive BLCA accounts for over 75% of all BLCA cases. The imbalance of tumor metabolic pathways is associated with tumor formation and proliferation. Pyrimidine metabolism (PyM) is a complex enzyme network that incorporates nucleoside salvage, de novo nucleotide synthesis, and catalytic pyrimidine degradation. Metabolic reprogramming is linked to clinical prognosis in several types of cancer. However, the role of pyrimidine metabolism Genes (PyMGs) in the BLCA-fighting process remains poorly understood. Methods Predictive PyMGs were quantified in BLCA samples from the TCGA and GEO datasets. TCGA and GEO provided information on stemness indices (mRNAsi), gene mutations, CNV, TMB, and corresponding clinical features. The prediction model was built using Lasso regression. Co-expression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between gene expression and PyM. Results PyMGs were overexpressed in the high-risk sample in the absence of other clinical symptoms, demonstrating their predictive potential for BLCA outcome. Immunological and tumor-related pathways were identified in the high-risk group by GSWA. Immune function and m6a gene expression varied significantly between the risk groups. In BLCA patients, DSG1, C6orf15, SOST, SPRR2A, SERPINB7, MYBPH, and KRT1 may participate in the oncology process. Immunological function and m6a gene expression differed significantly between the two groups. The prognostic model, CNVs, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and drug sensitivity all showed significant gene connections. Conclusions BLCA-associated PyMGs are available to provide guidance in the prognostic and immunological setting and give evidence for the formulation of PyM-related molecularly targeted treatments. PyMGs and their interactions with immune cells in BLCA may serve as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenchang Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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