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Tian Y, Cheng Z, Ge D, Xu Z, Wang H, Li X, Tian H, Liu F, Luo D, Wang Y. ROS are required for the germinative cell proliferation and metacestode larval growth of Echinococcus multilocularis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1410504. [PMID: 38912347 PMCID: PMC11190091 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1410504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The potentially lethal zoonotic disease alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the metacestode larval stages of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. Metacestode growth and proliferation occurs within the inner organs of mammalian hosts, which is associated with complex molecular parasite-host interactions. The host has developed various ways to resist a parasitic infection, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the most important strategies. Here, we found that scavenging of ROS reduced metacestode larval growth and germinative cell proliferation in in vivo models. Furthermore, using in vitro-cultured metacestode vesicles, we found that increased ROS levels enhanced metacestode growth and germinative cell proliferation, which was achieved by positively activating the ROS-EmERK-EmHIF1α axis. These results indicate that, beside its capacity to damage the parasite, ROS also play critical roles in metacestode growth and germinative cell proliferation. This study suggests that the effects of ROS on parasite may be bidirectional during AE infection, reflecting the parasite's adaptation to the oxidative stress microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Defeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiazhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Damin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanhai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Wang J, Zhu N, Su X, Gao Y, Yang R. Novel tumor-associated macrophage populations and subpopulations by single cell RNA sequencing. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1264774. [PMID: 38347955 PMCID: PMC10859433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are present in almost all solid tumor tissues. 16They play critical roles in immune regulation, tumor angiogenesis, tumor stem cell activation, tumor invasion and metastasis, and resistance to therapy. However, it is unclear how TAMs perform these functions. With the application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), it has become possible to identify TAM subpopulations associated with distinct functions. In this review, we discuss four novel TAM subpopulations in distinct solid tumors based on core gene signatures by scRNA-seq, including FCN1 +, SPP1 +, C1Q + and CCL18 + TAMs. Functional enrichment and gene expression in scRNA-seq data from different solid tumor tissues found that FCN1 + TAMs may induce inflammation; SPP1 + TAMs are potentially involved in metastasis, angiogenesis, and cancer cell stem cell activation, whereas C1Q + TAMs participate in immune regulation and suppression; And CCL18 + cells are terminal immunosuppressive macrophages that not only have a stronger immunosuppressive function but also enhance tumor metastasis. SPP1 + and C1Q + TAM subpopulations can be further divided into distinct populations with different functions. Meanwhile, we will also present emerging evidence highlighting the separating macrophage subpopulations associated with distinct functions. However, there exist the potential disconnects between cell types and subpopulations identified by scRNA-seq and their actual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Wang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Zhu
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Feng Y, Xu J, Lu J, Hou J, Wang L, Dong D, Wang X, Wang X, Wu X, Chen X. EgCF mediates macrophage polarisation by influencing the glycolytic pathway. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e101. [PMID: 38124668 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disorder triggered by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) and predominantly occurred in the liver and lungs. The M2 macrophage level is considerably elevated among the liver of patients with hepatic CE and performs an integral function in liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism of CE inducing polarisation of macrophage to an M2 phenotype is unknown. In this study, macrophage was treated with E. granulosus cyst fluid (EgCF) to explore the mechanism of macrophage polarisation. Consequently, the expression of the M2 macrophage and production of anti-inflammatory cytokines increased after 48 h treatment by EgCF. In addition, EgCF promoted polarisation of macrophage to an M2 phenotype by inhibiting the expression of transcriptional factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), which increased the expression of glycolysis-associated genes, including hexokinase 2 (HK2) and pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2). The HIF-1α agonist ML228 also inhibited the induction of macrophage to an M2 phenotype by EgCF in vitro. Our findings indicate that E. granulosus inhibits glycolysis by suppressing the expression of HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junying Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junxia Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lianghai Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dan Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Yan Z, Hu X, Tang B, Deng F. Role of osteopontin in cancer development and treatment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21055. [PMID: 37867833 PMCID: PMC10587537 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein secreted intracellularly and extracellularly by various cell types, including NK cells, macrophages, osteoblasts, T cells, and cancer cells. Owing to its diverse distribution, OPN plays a role in cell proliferation, stem-cell-like properties, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, glycolysis, angiogenesis, fibrosis, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we discuss recent findings, interpret representative studies on OPN expression in cancer, clarify that elevated OPN levels are observed in multiple cancer types (including colorectal, breast, lung, and liver cancer), and explore how OPN-macrophage interactions shape the tumor microenvironment. We also summarize progress in OPN research with regard to tumor therapy, which can facilitate the development of novel anti-tumor treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Xue Hu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Fengmei Deng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
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