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Wu G, Cao B, Zhai H, Liu B, Huang Y, Chen X, Ling H, Ling S, Jin S, Yang X, Wang J. EPO promotes the progression of rheumatoid arthritis by inducing desialylation via increasing the expression of neuraminidase 3. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:564-575. [PMID: 38272667 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Erythropoietin (EPO) known as an erythrocyte-stimulating factor is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nevertheless, the function of EPO in the process of RA and relative mechanism needs to be further clarified. METHODS The level of EPO in serum and synovial fluid from patients with RA and healthy controls was determined by . Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were constructed to confirm the role of EPO on RA pathogenesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of EPO-treated fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) were screened by transcriptome sequencing. The transcription factor of neuraminidase 3 (NEU3) of DEGs was verified by double luciferase reporting experiment, DNA pulldown, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. RESULTS The overexpression of EPO was confirmed in patients with RA, which was positively associated with Disease Activity Score 28-joint count. Additionally, EPO intervention could significantly aggravate the joint destruction in CIA models. The upregulation of NEU3 was screened and verified by transcriptome sequencing and qPCR in EPO-treated FLS, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 was screened and verified to be the specific transcription factor of NEU3. EPO upregulates NEU3 expression via activating the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-STAT5 signalling pathway through its receptor EPOR, thereby to promote the desialylation through enhancing the migration and invasion ability of FLS, which is verified by JAK2 inhibitor and NEU3 inhibitor. CONCLUSION EPO, as a proinflammatory factor, accelerates the process of RA through transcriptional upregulation of the expression of NEU3 by JAK2/STAT5 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Wu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ben Cao
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haige Zhai
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanzhi Ling
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sunwang Ling
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengwei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianguang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Autoimmune Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Philippon EML, van Rooijen LJE, Khodadust F, van Hamburg JP, van der Laken CJ, Tas SW. A novel 3D spheroid model of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue incorporating fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188835. [PMID: 37545512 PMCID: PMC10402919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a progressive and systemic autoimmune disorder associated with chronic and destructive joint inflammation. The hallmarks of joint synovial inflammation are cellular proliferation, extensive neoangiogenesis and infiltration of immune cells, including macrophages. In vitro approaches simulating RA synovial tissue are crucial in preclinical and translational research to evaluate novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic markers. Two-dimensional (2D) settings present very limited in vivo physiological proximity as they cannot recapitulate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions occurring in the three-dimensional (3D) tissue compartment. Here, we present the engineering of a spheroid-based model of RA synovial tissue which mimics 3D interactions between cells and pro-inflammatory mediators present in the inflamed synovium. Methods Spheroids were generated by culturing RA fibroblast-like-synoviocytes (RAFLS), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs) and monocyte-derived macrophages in a collagen-based 3D scaffold. The spheroids were cultured in the presence or absence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (bFGF) or RA synovial fluid (SF). Spheroid expansion and cell migration were quantified for all conditions using confocal microscopy and digital image analysis. Results A novel approach using machine learning was developed to quantify spheroid outgrowth and used to reexamine the existing spheroid-based model of RA synovial angiogenesis consisting of ECs and RAFLS. A 2-fold increase in the spheroid outgrowth ratio was demonstrated upon VEGF/bFGF stimulation (p<0.05). The addition of macrophages within the spheroid structure (3.75x104 RAFLS, 7.5x104 ECs and 3.0x104 macrophages) resulted in good incorporation of the new cell type. The addition of VEGF/bFGF significantly induced spheroid outgrowth (p<0.05) in the new system. SF stimulation enhanced containment of macrophages within the spheroids. Conclusion We present a novel spheroid based model consisting of RAFLS, ECs and macrophages that reflects the RA synovial tissue microenvironment. This model may be used to dissect the role of specific cell types in inflammatory responses in RA, to study specific signaling pathways involved in the disease pathogenesis and examine the effects of novel diagnostic (molecular imaging) and therapeutic compounds, including small molecule inhibitors and biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. L. Philippon
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisanne J. E. van Rooijen
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fatemeh Khodadust
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Piet van Hamburg
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Conny J. van der Laken
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander W. Tas
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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