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Reidel IG, Curti CC, Dorémus L, Béré E, Delwail A, Russi RC, Lecron JC, Morel F, García MI, Müller DM, Jégou JF, Veaute CM. Liposomal co-encapsulation of a novel gemini lipopeptide and a CpG-ODN induces a strong Th1 response with the co-activation of a Th2/Th17 profile and high antibody levels. Vaccine 2024; 42:1953-1965. [PMID: 38378388 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A successful vaccine depends on its capacity to elicit a protective immune response against the target pathogen. The adjuvant used plays an important role in enhancing and directing the immune response. Liposomes are vaccine adjuvants that allow the co-encapsulation of antigens and immunostimulants. Our aim was to evaluate the adjuvanticity of a cationic liposome (Lip) formulated with a novel gemini lipopeptide (AG2-C16) alone or in combination with CpG-ODN as immunostimulants. To achieve this, we used the recombinant clumping factor of Staphylococcus aureus (rClfA) as a model antigen, in a murine model. We characterized the formulations by DLS, Cryo-SEM, and TEM, and analyzed the humoral and cellular immune responses induced in BALB/c and C57BL/6J mice injected with free rClfA and three formulations: Lip + CpG-ODN + rClfA, Lip + AG2-C16 + rClfA and Lip + AG2-C16 + CpG-ODN + rClfA. The addition of immunostimulants to the liposomes did not change the membrane diameter but affected their hydrodynamic diameter, z-potential, and homogeneity. All liposomal formulations were able to stimulate a specific humoral response, with high serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a or IgG2c titers in BALB/c or C57BL/6J mice, respectively. In addition, increased vaginal IgG levels were detected after injection, with no specific IgA. The cellular immunity induced by Lip + AG2-C16 + CpG-ODN + rClfA was characterized by a predominant Th1 profile, with the co-induction of Th2 and Th17 cells, and IFN-γ+ cytotoxic T cells. Furthermore, we studied the capacity of the different formulations to stimulate murine keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. While no formulation activated keratinocytes, Lip + AG2-C16 + CpG-ODN increased the expression of CXCL9 in fibroblasts. These results suggest Lip + AG2-C16 + CpG-ODN as a promising adjuvant candidate to be used in vaccines against pathogens that require Th1/Th2/Th17 combined profiles, like S. aureus. Additionally, based on the IFN-γ+ cytotoxic T cells stimulation and the CXCL9 production by fibroblasts, we propose the use of this adjuvant formulation for the stimulation of a Th1 profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gabriela Reidel
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States; Université de Poitiers, LITEC, UR15560, Poitiers, France
| | - Cecilia Carol Curti
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Léa Dorémus
- Université de Poitiers, ImageUP platform, CNRS, UAR2038, BioS, Poitiers, France
| | - Emile Béré
- Université de Poitiers, ImageUP platform, CNRS, UAR2038, BioS, Poitiers, France
| | - Adriana Delwail
- Université de Poitiers, ImageUP platform, CNRS, UAR2038, BioS, Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 6041, 4CS, Laboratory Channels & Connexins in Cancers and Cell Stemness, Poitiers, France
| | - Romina Cecilia Russi
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Franck Morel
- Université de Poitiers, LITEC, UR15560, Poitiers, France
| | - María Inés García
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diana María Müller
- LAQUIMAP, Dto. Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jean-François Jégou
- Université de Poitiers, ImageUP platform, CNRS, UAR2038, BioS, Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, LITEC, UR15560, Poitiers, France
| | - Carolina Melania Veaute
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Vašíček T, Arensmeyer B, Monti A, Zamyatina A. Versatile approach towards fully desymmetrized trehalose with a novel set of orthogonal protecting groups. Front Chem 2024; 11:1332837. [PMID: 38274896 PMCID: PMC10808579 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1332837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-containing glycans play an essential role in bacterial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interaction, and cell signaling. The investigation of trehalose uptake and metabolism in Mycobacteria using synthetic desymmetrized trehalose probes is an important approach for the development of diagnostic tools and potential therapeutics for tuberculosis. Trehalose-derived mycobacterial glycolipids activate the innate immune response through recognition by the C-type lectin Mincle, justifying efforts to develop novel trehalose-based Mincle-dependent adjuvants. The chemical synthesis of trehalose-based glycoconjugates, glycolipids, and small-molecule trehalose probes requires the challenging chemical desymmetrization of eight hydroxyl groups in a C 2-symmetric disaccharide αGlc(1↔1)αGlc. Using a novel set of orthogonal protecting groups, we developed a flexible multiscale synthetic approach to a collection of differently and variably protected fully desymmetrized trehalose derivatives, ready for final chemical modification with relevant functional or reporter groups. Using a regioselective and site-specific protecting group strategy, we performed multiple symmetry-breaking operations, resulting in a library of trehalose-derived orthogonally protected building blocks as a versatile source for the synthesis of complex trehalose-containing glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alla Zamyatina
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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