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Yuan W, Zhang R, Lyu H, Xiao S, Guo D, Zhang Q, Ali DW, Michalak M, Chen XZ, Zhou C, Tang J. Dysregulation of tRNA methylation in cancer: Mechanisms and targeting therapeutic strategies. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:327. [PMID: 39019857 PMCID: PMC11254935 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
tRNA is the RNA type that undergoes the most modifications among known RNA, and in recent years, tRNA methylation has emerged as a crucial process in regulating gene translation. Dysregulation of tRNA abundance occurs in cancer cells, along with increased expression and activity of tRNA methyltransferases to raise the level of tRNA modification and stability. This leads to hijacking of translation and synthesis of multiple proteins associated with tumor proliferation, metastasis, invasion, autophagy, chemotherapy resistance, and metabolic reprogramming. In this review, we provide an overview of current research on tRNA methylation in cancer to clarify its involvement in human malignancies and establish a theoretical framework for future therapeutic interventions targeting tRNA methylation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Yuan
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Declan William Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cefan Zhou
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Xie J, Xing S, Jiang H, Zhang J, Li D, Niu S, Huang Z, Yin H. Extracellular vesicles-derived CXCL4 is a candidate serum tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:109612. [PMID: 38632995 PMCID: PMC11022053 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were promising circulating biomarkers for multiple diseases, but whether serum EVs-derived proteins could be used as a reliable tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) remained inconclusive. In this study, we identified CXCL4 by a 4D data-independent acquisition-based quantitative proteomics assay of serum EVs-derived proteins in 40 individuals and subsequently analyzed serum EVs-derived CXCL4 levels by ELISA in 2 cohorts of 749 individuals. The results revealed that EVs-derived CXCL4 levels were dramatically elevated in CRC patients than in benign colorectal polyp patients or healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that EVs-derived CXCL4 exhibited superior diagnostic performance with area under the curve of 0.948 in the training cohort. Additionally, CXCL4 could effectively distinguish CRC in stage I/II from HC. Notably, CRC patients with high levels of EVs-derived CXCL4 have shorter 2-year progression-free survival than those with low levels. Overall, our findings demonstrated that serum EVs-derived CXCL4 was a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaju Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daxiao Li
- Department of Ophtalmology and ENT, Shenzhen Longgang District Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqiong Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haofan Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Hou C, Liu J, Liu J, Yao D, Liang F, Qin C, Ma Z. 5-methylcytosine-mediated upregulation of circular RNA 0102913 augments malignant properties of colorectal cancer cells through a microRNA-571/Rac family small GTPase 2 axis. Gene 2024; 901:148162. [PMID: 38224924 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of stable non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators in human diseases including cancer. This study investigates the role of circRNA_0102913 (circ_0102913) in malignant behavior of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underpinning mechanisms. By analyzing CRC-related GSE197991, GSE159669, and GSE223001 datasets, we obtained circ_0102913 as an aberrantly upregulated circRNA in CRC. Increased circ_0102913 expression was detected in CRC tissues and cells. By querying multiple bioinformatics systems (circBank, Circular RNA Interactome, TargetScan, miRDIP, miRwalk, and miRDB), we identified microRNA-571 (miR-571) as a target of circ_0102913 and Rac family small GTPase 2 (RAC2) mRNA as a target of miR-571. Biotinylated-RNA pull-down and/or luciferase assays showed that circ_0102913 bound to miR-571 to restore the expression of RAC2 mRNA. Circ_0102913 silencing or miR-571 overexpression repressed proliferation, migration and invasion, and in vivo tumorigenesis abilities of CRC cells. However, the malignant properties of cells were restored by RAC2 overexpression. The increased circ_0102913 expression in CRC cells was attributed to increased 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification levels. Silencing of NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 reduced the m5C level and therefore reduced stability and expression of circ_0102913 expression in CRC cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that m5C-mediated upregulation of circ_0102913 augments malignant properties of CRC cells through a miR-571/RAC2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Hou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, PR China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Danjie Yao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Congpeng Qin
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China.
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Ma C, Gu Z, Yang Y. Development of m6A/m5C/m1A regulated lncRNA signature for prognostic prediction, personalized immune intervention and drug selection in LUAD. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18282. [PMID: 38647237 PMCID: PMC11034373 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Research indicates that there are links between m6A, m5C and m1A modifications and the development of different types of tumours. However, it is not yet clear if these modifications are involved in the prognosis of LUAD. The TCGA-LUAD dataset was used as for signature training, while the validation cohort was created by amalgamating publicly accessible GEO datasets including GSE29013, GSE30219, GSE31210, GSE37745 and GSE50081. The study focused on 33 genes that are regulated by m6A, m5C or m1A (mRG), which were used to form mRGs clusters and clusters of mRG differentially expressed genes clusters (mRG-DEG clusters). Our subsequent LASSO regression analysis trained the signature of m6A/m5C/m1A-related lncRNA (mRLncSig) using lncRNAs that exhibited differential expression among mRG-DEG clusters and had prognostic value. The model's accuracy underwent validation via Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, ROC analysis, tAUC evaluation, PCA examination and nomogram predictor validation. In evaluating the immunotherapeutic potential of the signature, we employed multiple bioinformatics algorithms and concepts through various analyses. These included seven newly developed immunoinformatic algorithms, as well as evaluations of TMB, TIDE and immune checkpoints. Additionally, we identified and validated promising agents that target the high-risk mRLncSig in LUAD. To validate the real-world expression pattern of mRLncSig, real-time PCR was carried out on human LUAD tissues. The signature's ability to perform in pan-cancer settings was also evaluated. The study created a 10-lncRNA signature, mRLncSig, which was validated to have prognostic power in the validation cohort. Real-time PCR was applied to verify the actual manifestation of each gene in the signature in the real world. Our immunotherapy analysis revealed an association between mRLncSig and immune status. mRLncSig was found to be closely linked to several checkpoints, such as IL10, IL2, CD40LG, SELP, BTLA and CD28, which could be appropriate immunotherapy targets for LUAD. Among the high-risk patients, our study identified 12 candidate drugs and verified gemcitabine as the most significant one that could target our signature and be effective in treating LUAD. Additionally, we discovered that some of the lncRNAs in mRLncSig could play a crucial role in certain cancer types, and thus, may require further attention in future studies. According to the findings of this study, the use of mRLncSig has the potential to aid in forecasting the prognosis of LUAD and could serve as a potential target for immunotherapy. Moreover, our signature may assist in identifying targets and therapeutic agents more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhuoyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Xu R, Wang Y, Kuang Y. Multi-omic analyses of m5C readers reveal their characteristics and immunotherapeutic proficiency. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1651. [PMID: 38238581 PMCID: PMC10796763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
5-methylcytosine (m5C) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification identified, m5C readers can specifically identify and bind to m5C. ALYREF and YBX1 as members of m5C readers that have garnered increasing attention in cancer research. However, comprehensive analysis of their molecular functions across pancancer are lacking. Using the TCGA and GTEx databases, we investigated the expression levels and prognostic values of ALYREF and YBX1. Additionally, we assessed the tumor microenvironment, immune checkpoint-related genes, immunomodulators, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score and drug resistance of ALYREF and YBX1. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analyses were performed to investigate the potential functions associated with m5C readers and coexpressed genes. Aberrant expression of ALYREF and YBX1 was observed and positively associated with prognosis in KIRP, LGG and LIHC. Furthermore, the expression levels of ALYREF and YBX1 were significantly correlated with immune infiltration of the tumor microenvironment and immune-related modulators. Last, our analysis revealed significant correlations between ALYREF, YBX1 and eIFs. Our study provides a substantial understanding of m5C readers and the intricate relationship between ALYREF, YBX1, eIFs, and mRNA dynamics. Through multidimensional analysis of immune infiltration and drug sensitivity/resistance in ALYREF and YBX1, we propose a possibility for combined modality therapy utilizing m5C readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department of Development Planning, International Medical Opening-up Pilot Zone (China), Fangchenggang, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Ye Kuang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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Yang X, Xue C, Chen K, Gao D, Wang H, Tang C. Characteristics of elderly diabetes patients: focus on clinical manifestation, pathogenic mechanism, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1339744. [PMID: 38273819 PMCID: PMC10808572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1339744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health issue globally, putting an enormous burden on global health systems and people. Among all diseased groups, a considerable part of patients are elderly, while their clinical features, pathogenic processes, and medication regimens are different from patients of other ages. Despite the availability of multiple therapies and techniques, there are still numerous elderly diabetes patients suffering from poor blood glucose control, severe complications, and drug adverse effects, which negatively affect the quality of life in their golden years. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes for several decades, and its relevant clinical practice has confirmed that it has a satisfactory effect on alleviating clinical symptoms and mitigating the progression of complications. Chinese herbal medicine and its active components were used widely with obvious clinical advantages by multiple targets and signaling pathways. However, due to the particular features of elderly diabetes, few studies were conducted to explore Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on elderly diabetic patients. This study reviews the research on clinical features, pathogenic processes, treatment principles, and TCM treatments, hoping to provide fresh perspectives on the prevention and management strategies for elderly diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongxiang Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Ma Y, Sun Y, Zhao X, Li J, Fu X, Gong T, Zhang X. Identification of m 5C-related lncRNAs signature to predict prognosis and therapeutic responses in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14499. [PMID: 37666951 PMCID: PMC10477299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a dismal prognosis because of atypical early symptoms and heterogeneous therapeutic responses. 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification plays an important role in the onset and development of many tumors and is widespread in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts. However, the functions of m5C and lncRNAs in ESCC have not been completely elucidated. Herein, this study aimed to explore the role of m5C-related lncRNAs in ESCC. The RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA-ESCC database. Pearson analysis was used to identify m5C-related lncRNAs. Then we established the m5C-related lncRNAs prognostic signature (m5C-LPS) using univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Then, the prognostic value of m5C-LPS was evaluated internally and externally using the TCGA-ESCC and GSE53622 databases through multiple methods. We also detected the expression of these lncRNAs in ESCC cell lines and patient tissues. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the prognostic value of specific lncRNA. In addition, clinical parameters, immune status, genomic variants, oncogenic pathways, enrichment pathways, and therapeutic response features associated with m5C-LPS were explored using bioinformatics methods. We constructed and validated a prognostic signature based on 9 m5C-related lncRNAs (AC002091.2, AC009275.1, CAHM, LINC02057.1, AC0006329.1, AC037459.3, AC064807.1, ATP2B1-AS1, and UBAC2-AS1). The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that most lncRNAs were upregulated in ESCC cell lines and patient tissues. And AC002091.2 was validated to have significant prognostic value in ESCC patients. A composite nomogram was generated to facilitate clinical practice by integrating this signature with the N stage. Besides, patients in the low-risk group were characterized by good clinical outcomes, favorable immune status, and low oncogenic alteration. Function enrichment analysis indicated that the risk score was associated with mRNA splicing, ncRNA processing, and DNA damage repair response. At the same time, we found significant differences in the responses to chemoradiotherapy between the two groups, proving the value of m5C-LPS in treatment decision-making in ESCC. This study established a novel prognostic signature based on 9 m5C-related lncRNAs, which is a promising biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes and therapeutic response in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tuotuo Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Maqbool M, Khan A, Shahzad A, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Aftab H, Jaan A. Predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer: a state-of-the-art systematic review. Biomarkers 2023; 28:562-598. [PMID: 37585692 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2247185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial health burden, with early detection paramount for improved prognosis. This study aims to evaluate potential CRC biomarkers and detection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review, reported in adherence to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, collates the latest research on potential biomarkers and detection/prognosis methods for CRC, spanning the last decade. RESULTS Out of the 38 included studies, diverse biomarkers and detection methods emerged, with DNA methylation markers like SFRP2 and SDC2, microRNAs including miR-1290, miR-506, and miR-4316, and serum and plasma markers such as NTS levels and U2 snRNA fragments standing out. Methylated cfDNA and m5C methylation alteration in immune cells of the blood, along with circular RNA, showed promise as diagnostic markers. Meanwhile, techniques involving extracellular vesicles and lateral flow immunoassays exhibited potential for swift and effective CRC screening. DISCUSSION Our state-of-the-art review identifies potential biomarkers, including SFRP2, SDC2, miR-1290, miR-506, miR-4316, and U2 snRNA fragments, with significant potential in enhancing CRC detection. However, comprehensive validation studies and a rigorous evaluation of clinical utility and cost-effectiveness remain necessary before integration into routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION The findings emphasize the need for continued research into biomarkers and detection methods to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeez Maqbool
- Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Aden Khan
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hinna Aftab
- CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Jaan
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
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Huang M, Ming L, Jiang H, Jiang P, Jiang X, Yin H, Hong H. Diagnostic value of aberrant decreased 5-Methylcytosine RNA modification in leukocytes for non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer 2023; 14:2198-2208. [PMID: 37576401 PMCID: PMC10414042 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was a disease with poor outcomes, partly because there were no high-efficiency non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. The RNA modification status of 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) has been shown to be a biomarker for various diseases, but its potentiality to be a diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC remained inconclusive. Methods: In this research, we collected peripheral leukocyte samples from 141 patients with NSCLC and 90 normal people as controls to evaluate the extent of m5C RNA modification. Results: We found that the m5C modification levels in leukocytes of NSCLC patients were decreased dramatically, which were compared to the normal controls, and levels of m5C modification decreased progressively with tumor stage. Importantly, m5C modification exhibited superior diagnostic value compared to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), cytokeratin 19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), which demonstrated area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.912, 0.773, 0.669, 0.754, and 0.732, respectively. The combination of m5C modification with these serum tumor biomarkers further improved the AUC to 0.960. A nomogram model incorporating m5C modification also provided an effectively diagnostic tool for NSCLC. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggested that m5C modification in leukocytes held promise as a prospective biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medical Laboratory, Guangzhou First' People Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haofan Yin
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Honghai Hong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Li L, Li M, Zheng J, Li Z, Chen X. Knocking down NSUN5 inhibits the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by inhibiting the p53 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204761. [PMID: 37263638 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common solid renal tumor. NSUN5, a gene encoding cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase, has rarely been reported associated with cancer. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that NSUN5 was overexpressed in ccRCC. Gene Ontology and gene set variation analyses showed that NSUN5 was associated with tumor immunity in ccRCC. The effect of immunosuppressive treatment was superior in the low-risk group compared to the high-risk group, and higher stromal score in the high-risk group relative to the low-risk group. A drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the high-risk group was more sensitive to 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, methotrexate, and 17-AAG, whereas the low-risk group was more sensitive to crizotinib, sorafenib, foretinib, and ivozanib. NSUN5 knockout decreased ccRCC cell proliferation. The migration speed and number of invasive cells further decreased. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased. In NSUN5-knockout cells, the levels of BAX, caspase-8, caspase-9, and p53 increased significantly, whereas those of Bcl2, CCND1, CCND3, and MMP9 decreased significantly. NSUN5 is highly expressed in ccRCC and inhibits cancer cell invasion, proliferation, and migration while promoting apoptosis by activating the p53 signaling pathway. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of action of NSUN5 in urological tumors and may contribute to improving ccRCC treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Gu X, Ma X, Chen C, Guan J, Wang J, Wu S, Zhu H. Vital roles of m 5C RNA modification in cancer and immune cell biology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207371. [PMID: 37325635 PMCID: PMC10264696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modification plays an important role in epigenetics at the posttranscriptional level, and 5-methylcytosine (m5C) has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the improvement in RNA m5C site detection methods. By influencing transcription, transportation and translation, m5C modification of mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, lncRNA and other RNAs has been proven to affect gene expression and metabolism and is associated with a wide range of diseases, including malignant cancers. RNA m5C modifications also substantially impact the tumor microenvironment (TME) by targeting different groups of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, macrophages, granulocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells and mast cells. Alterations in immune cell expression, infiltration and activation are highly linked to tumor malignancy and patient prognosis. This review provides a novel and holistic examination of m5C-mediated cancer development by examining the exact mechanisms underlying the oncogenicity of m5C RNA modification and summarizing the biological effects of m5C RNA modification on tumor cells as well as immune cells. Understanding methylation-related tumorigenesis can provide useful insights for the diagnosis as well as the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Tang F, Liu Y, Sun Y, Xiong Y, Gu Y, Zhou J, Ouyang Y, Zhang S. Construction of a serum diagnostic signature based on m5C-related miRNAs for cancer detection. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1099703. [PMID: 36777349 PMCID: PMC9911864 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, no clinically relevant non-invasive biomarkers are available for screening of multiple cancer types. In this study, we developed a serum diagnostic signature based on 5-methylcytosine (m5C)-related miRNAs (m5C-miRNAs) for multiple-cancer detection. Serum miRNA expression data and the corresponding clinical information of patients were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Serum samples were then randomly assigned to the training or validation cohort at a 1:1 ratio. Using the identified m5C-miRNAs, an m5C-miRNA signature for cancer detection was established using a support vector machine algorithm. The constructed m5C-miRNA signature displayed excellent accuracy, and its areas under the curve were 0.977, 0.934, and 0.965 in the training cohort, validation cohort, and combined training and validation cohort, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic capability of the m5C-miRNA signature was unaffected by patient age or sex or the presence of noncancerous disease. The m5C-miRNA signature also displayed satisfactory performance for distinguishing tumor types. Importantly, in the detection of early-stage cancers, the diagnostic performance of the m5C-miRNA signature was obviously superior to that of conventional tumor biomarkers. In summary, this work revealed the value of serum m5C-miRNAs in cancer detection and provided a new strategy for developing non-invasive and cost effective tools for large-scale cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhou Tang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yichi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhou, ; Yan Ouyang, ; Shichao Zhang,
| | - Yan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhou, ; Yan Ouyang, ; Shichao Zhang,
| | - Shichao Zhang
- Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhou, ; Yan Ouyang, ; Shichao Zhang,
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