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Della Zoppa M, Bertuccio FR, Campo I, Tousa F, Crescenzi M, Lettieri S, Mariani F, Corsico AG, Piloni D, Stella GM. Phenotypes and Serum Biomarkers in Sarcoidosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:709. [PMID: 38611622 PMCID: PMC11011731 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease, which is diagnosed on a compatible clinical presentation, non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in one or more tissue samples, and exclusion of alternative causes of granulomatous disease. Considering its heterogeneity, numerous aspects of the disease remain to be elucidated. In this context, the identification and integration of biomarkers may hold significance in clinical practice, aiding in appropriate selection of patients for targeted clinical trials. This work aims to discuss and analyze how validated biomarkers are currently integrated in disease category definitions. Future studies are mandatory to unravel the diverse contributions of genetics, socioeconomic status, environmental exposures, and other sociodemographic variables to disease severity and phenotypic presentation. Furthermore, the implementation of transcriptomics, multidisciplinary approaches, and consideration of patients' perspectives, reporting innovative insights, could be pivotal for a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and the optimization of clinical assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Della Zoppa
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Rocco Bertuccio
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campo
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Fady Tousa
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Crescenzi
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Lettieri
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Mariani
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Piloni
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Giulia Maria Stella
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.Z.); (F.R.B.); (F.T.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.M.); (A.G.C.); (D.P.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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da Rocha IMG, Torrinhas R, Fonseca D, Lyra CDO, de Sousa Alves Neri JL, Balmant BD, Callado L, Charlton K, Queiroz N, Waitzberg DL. Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Correlated with High Veillonella rogosae, Gut Inflammation and Clinical Relapse of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:4148. [PMID: 37836432 PMCID: PMC10574102 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions arising from an intricate interplay of genetics and environmental factors, and are associated with gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and gut permeability. In this study, we investigated whether the inflammatory potential of the diet is associated with the gut microbiota profile, inflammation, and permeability in forty patients with IBD in clinical remission. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) score was used to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. The fecal microbiota profile was analyzed using 16SrRNA (V3-V4) gene sequencing, while fecal zonulin and calprotectin levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found a positive correlation between the DII score and elevated calprotectin levels (Rho = 0.498; p = 0.001), but not with zonulin levels. Although α- and β-diversity did not significantly differ across DII quartiles, the most pro-inflammatory diet group exhibited a higher fecal abundance of Veillonella rogosae (p = 0.026). In addition, the abundance of some specific bacteria sequences showed an exponential behavior across DII quartiles and a correlation with calprotectin or zonulin levels (p ≤ 0.050). This included a positive correlation between sq702. Veillonella rogosae and fecal calprotectin levels (Rho = 0.419, p = 0.007). DII, calprotectin, and zonulin levels were identified as significant predictors of 6-month disease relapse (p ≤ 0.050). Our findings suggest a potential relationship of a pro-inflammatory diet intake with Veillonella rogosae and calprotectin levels in IBD patients in clinical remission, which may contribute to disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilanna Marques Gomes da Rocha
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle Fonseca
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Clelia de Oliveira Lyra
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, RN, Brazil
| | - Julianna Lys de Sousa Alves Neri
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Bianca Depieri Balmant
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Callado
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Charlton
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Natalia Queiroz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan L. Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil
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Role of Neuron-Specific Enolase in the Diagnosis and Disease Monitoring of Sarcoidosis. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:3726395. [PMID: 35663496 PMCID: PMC9162870 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3726395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on clinicopathologic findings accompanied by the formation of granulomas in multiple organs, including the lung. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) are traditionally used for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, specific diagnostic markers remain to be determined. In the current study, we found that serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were elevated in patients with sarcoidosis. Serum NSE levels were positively correlated with serum ACE and sIL-2R levels. The sensitivity of NSE alone was modest, but its combination with sIL-2R and ACE had the highest sensitivity compared to those of each single marker. When comparing serum NSE and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) levels in SCLC patients with those in patients with sarcoidosis and nonsarcoidotic benign diseases, serum NSE could be used to distinguish SCLC from sarcoidosis and nonsarcoidosis by setting at a cutoff value of 17.0 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 73.5% and a specificity of 90.2%, which were comparable to those of ProGRP. Serum NSE levels were associated with organ involvement and were higher in sarcoidosis patients who had been treated with oral corticosteroid (OCS) than in those who had never received OCS therapies; there was a positive association between elevated serum NSE levels and OCS use. Increased concentrations of serum NSE in patients at the nonremission phase decreased after spontaneous remission, whereas serum NSE levels fluctuated in accordance with serum ACE or sIL-2R levels during the follow-up period in patients with sarcoidosis. These findings suggest that NSE could be a marker for the diagnosis and monitoring of the clinical outcome of patients with sarcoidosis.
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Guo X, Huang C, Xu J, Xu H, Liu L, Zhao H, Wang J, Huang W, Peng W, Chen Y, Nie Y, Zhou Y, Zhou Y. Gut Microbiota Is a Potential Biomarker in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 8:818902. [PMID: 35127797 PMCID: PMC8814525 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.818902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is characterized by relapse and remission alternately. It remains a great challenge to diagnose and assess disease activity during IBD due to the lack of specific markers. While traditional biomarkers from plasma and stool, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin (FC), and S100A12, can be used to measure inflammation, they are not specific to IBD and difficult to determine an effective cut-off value. There is consensus that gut microbiota is crucial for intestinal dysbiosis is closely associated with IBD etiopathology and pathogenesis. Multiple studies have documented differences in the composition of gut microbiota between patients with IBD and healthy individuals, particularly regarding microbial diversity and relative abundance of specific bacteria. Patients with IBD have higher levels of Proteobacteria and lower amounts of Bacteroides, Eubacterium, and Faecalibacterium than healthy individuals. This review summarizes the pros and cons of using traditional and microbiota biomarkers to assess disease severity and treatment outcomes and addresses the possibility of using microbiota-focused interventions during IBD treatment. Understanding the role of microbial biomarkers in the assessment of disease activity and treatment outcomes has the potential to change clinical practice and lead to the development of more personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hailan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Yongjian Zhou
| | - Youlian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Youlian Zhou
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