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Abou Taha MA, Ali FEM, Saleh IG, Akool ES. Sorafenib and edaravone protect against renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and RIPK-3/MLKL pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03146-z. [PMID: 38874805 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common endpoint of nearly all chronic and progressive nephropathies. Cell death and sterile inflammation are the main characteristics of renal fibrosis, which can lead to end-stage renal failure. The inflammatory reaction triggered by tissue damage is strongly related to necroptosis, a type of caspase-independent, regulated cell death. Using an animal model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), the anti-fibrotic effects of sorafenib (SOF), a multi-kinase inhibitor, and edaravone (EDV), a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger, were examined in rats with obstructive nephropathy. Experimentally, animals were divided randomly into five groups: sham; UUO; UUO + SOF (5 mg/kg/day, P.O.); UUO + EDV (20 mg/kg/day, P.O.); and UUO + SOF + EDV groups. The kidney function biomarkers, oxidant/antioxidant status, renal mRNA expressions of TNF-α, collagen-1α, protein expressions of RIPK-1, RIPK-3, MLKL, caspase-8, HYP, MPO, and TNF-α were all significantly modulated by UUO. Administration of either SOF or EDV significantly attenuated cellular and molecular changes induced by UUO. Also, histopathological changes were improved. Moreover, SOF in combination with EDV, significantly improved UUO-induced renal fibrosis compared with each drug alone. Collectively, administration of either SOF or EDV or both of them significantly attenuated the rats with obstructive nephropathy, possibly by blocking the RIPK-3/MLKL necroptotic pathway and suppressing renal oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abou Taha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim G Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Akool
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Hou Y, Zhu L, Ye X, Ke Q, Zhang Q, Xie X, Piao JG, Wei Y. Integrated oral microgel system ameliorates renal fibrosis by hitchhiking co-delivery and targeted gut flora modulation. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:305. [PMID: 38822364 PMCID: PMC11143587 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis is a progressive process associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to impaired kidney function. Active constituents in traditional Chinese herbs, such as emodin (EMO) and asiatic acid (AA), exhibit potent anti-fibrotic properties. However, the oral administration of EMO and AA results in low bioavailability and limited kidney accumulation. Additionally, while oral probiotics have been accepted for CKD treatment through gut microbiota modulation, a significant challenge lies in ensuring their viability upon administration. Therefore, our study aims to address both renal fibrosis and gut microbiota imbalance through innovative co-delivery strategies. RESULTS In this study, we developed yeast cell wall particles (YCWPs) encapsulating EMO and AA self-assembled nanoparticles (NPYs) and embedded them, along with Lactobacillus casei Zhang, in chitosan/sodium alginate (CS/SA) microgels. The developed microgels showed significant controlled release properties for the loaded NPYs and prolonged the retention time of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) in the intestine. Furthermore, in vivo biodistribution showed that the microgel-carried NPYs significantly accumulated in the obstructed kidneys of rats, thereby substantially increasing the accumulation of EMO and AA in the impaired kidneys. More importantly, through hitchhiking delivery based on yeast cell wall and positive modulation of gut microbiota, our microgels with this synergistic strategy of therapeutic and modulatory interactions could regulate the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and thus effectively ameliorate renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our work provides a new strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis based on hitchhiking co-delivery of nanodrugs and probiotics to achieve synergistic effects of disease treatment and targeted gut flora modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Qiaoying Ke
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Qibin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xiaowei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Ji-Gang Piao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Yinghui Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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Iheanacho MS, Kandel R, Roy P, Singh KP. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates arsenic-induced fibrogenic changes in human kidney epithelial cells through reversal of epigenetic aberrations and antioxidant activities. Biofactors 2024; 50:542-557. [PMID: 38146662 PMCID: PMC11178478 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a pathogenic intermediate stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nephrotoxicants including arsenic can cause kidney fibrosis through induction of oxidative stress and epigenetic aberrations. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, is known to have antioxidant and epigenetic modulation properties. Whether EGCG, through its antioxidant and epigenetic modulating activities, can attenuate fibrogenesis is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether EGCG can attenuate arsenic-induced acute injury and long-term exposure associated fibrogenicity in kidney epithelial cells. To address this question, two human kidney epithelial cell lines Caki-1 and HK-2 exposed to arsenic for both acute and long-term durations were treated with EGCG. The protective effect of EGCG on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and fibrogenicity were evaluated by measuring the cell growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, genes expression, and epigenetic changes in histone marks. Results revealed that EGCG has a protective effect in arsenic-induced acute cytotoxicity in these cells. EGCG scavenges the increased levels of ROS in arsenic exposed cells. Aberrant expression of fibrogenic genes in arsenic exposed cells were restored by EGCG. Abrogation of arsenic-induced fibrogenic changes was also associated with EGCG-mediated restoration of arsenic-induced aberrant expression of epigenetic regulatory proteins and histone marks. Novel findings of this study suggest that EGCG, through its antioxidant and epigenetic modulation capacities, has protective effects against arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and fibrogenic changes in kidney epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sonia Iheanacho
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Ramji Kandel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Priti Roy
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Kamaleshwar P Singh
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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4
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Hadpech S, Thongboonkerd V. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in kidney fibrosis. Genesis 2024; 62:e23529. [PMID: 37345818 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important biological process contributing to kidney fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. This process is characterized by decreased epithelial phenotypes/markers and increased mesenchymal phenotypes/markers. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are commonly susceptible to EMT by various stimuli, for example, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), cellular communication network factor 2, angiotensin-II, fibroblast growth factor-2, oncostatin M, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasmin, interleukin-1β, and reactive oxygen species. Similarly, glomerular podocytes can undergo EMT via these stimuli and by high glucose condition in diabetic kidney disease. EMT of TECs and podocytes leads to tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, respectively. Signaling pathways involved in EMT-mediated kidney fibrosis are diverse and complex. TGF-β1/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways are the major venues triggering EMT in TECs and podocytes. These two pathways thus serve as the major therapeutic targets against EMT-mediated kidney fibrosis. To date, a number of EMT inhibitors have been identified and characterized. As expected, the majority of these EMT inhibitors affect TGF-β1/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. In addition to kidney fibrosis, these EMT-targeted antifibrotic inhibitors are expected to be effective for treatment against fibrosis in other organs/tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Hadpech
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Goorani S, Khan AH, Mishra A, El-Meanawy A, Imig JD. Kidney Injury by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Mice Lacks Sex Differences. Kidney Blood Press Res 2024; 49:69-80. [PMID: 38185105 PMCID: PMC10877550 DOI: 10.1159/000535809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renal fibrosis is a critical event in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it is considered the final common pathway for all types of CKD. The prevalence of CKD is higher in females; however, males have a greater prevalence of end-stage renal disease. In addition, low birth weight and low nephron number are associated with increased risk for CKD. This study examined the development and severity of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis in male and female wild-type (ROP +/+) and mutant (ROP Os/+) mice, a mouse model of low nephron number. METHODS Male and female ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ mice were subjected to UUO, and kidney tissue was collected at the end of the 10-day experimental period. Kidney histological analysis and mRNA expression determined renal fibrosis, tubular injury, collagen deposition, extracellular matrix proteins, and immune cell infiltration. RESULTS Male and female UUO mice demonstrated marked renal injury, kidney fibrosis, and renal extracellular matrix production. Renal fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin were increased to a similar degree in ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ mice with UUO of either sex. There were also no sex differences in renal tubular cast formation or renal infiltration of macrophage in ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ UUO mice. Interestingly, renal fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin were 1.5-3-fold greater in UUO-ROP +/+ compared to UUO-ROP Os/+ mice. Renal inflammation phenotypes following UUO were also 30-45% greater in ROP +/+ compared to ROP Os/+ mice. Likewise, expression of extracellular matrix and renal fibrotic genes was greater in UUO-ROP +/+ mice compared to UUO-ROP Os/+ mice. In contrast to these findings, ROP Os/+ mice with UUO demonstrated glomerular hypertrophy with 50% greater glomerular tuft area compared to ROP +/+ with UUO. Glomerular hypertrophy was not sex-dependent in any of the genotypes of ROP mice. These findings provide evidence that low nephron number contributes to UUO-induced glomerular hypertrophy in ROP Os/+ mice but does not enhance renal fibrosis, inflammation, and renal tubular injury. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrate that low nephron number contributes to enhanced glomerular hypertrophy but not kidney fibrosis and tubular injury. We also demonstrate that none of the changes caused by UUO was affected by sex in any of the ROP mice genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Goorani
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA,
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA,
| | - Abdul Hye Khan
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Departments of Medical Physiology & Pharmacology, Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ashraf El-Meanawy
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John D Imig
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Rudman-Melnick V, Adam M, Stowers K, Potter A, Ma Q, Chokshi SM, Vanhoutte D, Valiente-Alandi I, Lindquist DM, Nieman ML, Kofron JM, Chung E, Park JS, Potter SS, Devarajan P. Single-cell sequencing dissects the transcriptional identity of activated fibroblasts and identifies novel persistent distal tubular injury patterns in kidney fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:439. [PMID: 38172172 PMCID: PMC10764314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Examining kidney fibrosis is crucial for mechanistic understanding and developing targeted strategies against chronic kidney disease (CKD). Persistent fibroblast activation and tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury are key CKD contributors. However, cellular and transcriptional landscapes of CKD and specific activated kidney fibroblast clusters remain elusive. Here, we analyzed single cell transcriptomic profiles of two clinically relevant kidney fibrosis models which induced robust kidney parenchymal remodeling. We dissected the molecular and cellular landscapes of kidney stroma and newly identified three distinctive fibroblast clusters with "secretory", "contractile" and "vascular" transcriptional enrichments. Also, both injuries generated failed repair TECs (frTECs) characterized by decline of mature epithelial markers and elevation of stromal and injury markers. Notably, frTECs shared transcriptional identity with distal nephron segments of the embryonic kidney. Moreover, we identified that both models exhibited robust and previously unrecognized distal spatial pattern of TEC injury, outlined by persistent elevation of renal TEC injury markers including Krt8 and Vcam1, while the surviving proximal tubules (PTs) showed restored transcriptional signature. We also found that long-term kidney injuries activated a prominent nephrogenic signature, including Sox4 and Hox gene elevation, which prevailed in the distal tubular segments. Our findings might advance understanding of and targeted intervention in fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rudman-Melnick
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Mike Adam
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kaitlynn Stowers
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Potter
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing Ma
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Saagar M Chokshi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Davy Vanhoutte
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Diana M Lindquist
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michelle L Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Matthew Kofron
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eunah Chung
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Seop Park
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Steven Potter
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Prasad Devarajan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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7
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Mukhi D, Li L, Liu H, Doke T, Kolligundla LP, Ha E, Kloetzer K, Abedini A, Mukherjee S, Wu J, Dhillon P, Hu H, Guan D, Funai K, Uehara K, Titchenell PM, Baur JA, Wellen KE, Susztak K. ACSS2 gene variants determine kidney disease risk by controlling de novo lipogenesis in kidney tubules. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e172963. [PMID: 38051585 PMCID: PMC10866669 DOI: 10.1172/jci172963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over 800 million people are affected by kidney disease, yet its pathogenesis remains elusive, hindering the development of novel therapeutics. In this study, we used kidney-specific expression of quantitative traits and single-nucleus open chromatin analysis to show that genetic variants linked to kidney dysfunction on chromosome 20 target the acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family 2 (ACSS2). By generating ACSS2-KO mice, we demonstrated their protection from kidney fibrosis in multiple disease models. Our analysis of primary tubular cells revealed that ACSS2 regulated de novo lipogenesis (DNL), causing NADPH depletion and increasing ROS levels, ultimately leading to NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis. Additionally, we discovered that pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of fatty acid synthase safeguarded kidney cells against profibrotic gene expression and prevented kidney disease in mice. Lipid accumulation and the expression of genes related to DNL were elevated in the kidneys of patients with fibrosis. Our findings pinpoint ACSS2 as a critical kidney disease gene and reveal the role of DNL in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanunjay Mukhi
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Tomohito Doke
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Lakshmi P. Kolligundla
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Eunji Ha
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Konstantin Kloetzer
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Amin Abedini
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Sarmistha Mukherjee
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Junnan Wu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Poonam Dhillon
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Hailong Hu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Dongyin Guan
- Division of Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Funai
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kahealani Uehara
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, and
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division
- Institutes for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, and
- Penn-CHOP Kidney Innovation Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yakupova EI, Abramicheva PA, Bocharnikov AD, Andrianova NV, Plotnikov EY. Biomarkers of the End-Stage Renal Disease Progression: Beyond the GFR. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1622-1644. [PMID: 38105029 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease can progress to the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) characterized by a high risk of morbidity and mortality. ESRD requires immediate therapy or even dialysis or kidney transplantation, therefore, its timely diagnostics is critical for many patients. ESRD is associated with pathological changes, such as inflammation, fibrosis, endocrine disorders, and epigenetic changes in various cells, which could serve as ESRD markers. The review summarizes information on conventional and new ESRD biomarkers that can be assessed in kidney tissue, blood, and urine. Some biomarkers are specific to a particular pathology, while others are more universal. Here, we suggest several universal inflammatory, fibrotic, hormonal, and epigenetic markers indicative of severe deterioration of renal function and ESRD progression for improvement of ESRD diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira I Yakupova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Polina A Abramicheva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Alexey D Bocharnikov
- International School of Medicine of the Future, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Nadezda V Andrianova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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9
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Ajalbert G, Brenna A, Ming XF, Yang Z, Potenza DM. Elevation of Arginase-II in Podocytes Contributes to Age-Associated Albuminuria in Male Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11228. [PMID: 37446405 PMCID: PMC10342439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the manifestations of renal aging is podocyte dysfunction and loss, which are associated with proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. Studies show a male bias in glomerular dysfunction and chronic kidney diseases, and the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Recent studies demonstrate the role of an age-associated increase in arginase-II (Arg-II) in proximal tubules of both male and female mice. However, it is unclear whether Arg-II is also involved in aging glomeruli. The current study investigates the role of the sex-specific elevation of Arg-II in podocytes in age-associated increased albuminuria. Young (3-4 months) and old (20-22 months) male and female mice of wt and arginase-II knockout (arg-ii-/-) were used. Albuminuria was employed as a readout of glomerular function. Cellular localization and expression of Arg-II in glomeruli were analyzed using an immunofluorescence confocal microscope. A more pronounced age-associated increase in albuminuria was found in male than in female mice. An age-associated induction of Arg-II in glomeruli and podocytes (as demonstrated by co-localization of Arg-II with the podocyte marker synaptopodin) was also observed in males but not in females. Ablation of the arg-ii gene in mice significantly reduces age-associated albuminuria in males. Also, age-associated decreases in podocyte density and glomerulus hypertrophy are significantly prevented in male arg-ii-/- but not in female mice. However, age-associated glomerulosclerosis is not affected by arg-ii ablation in both sexes. These results demonstrate a role of Arg-II in sex-specific podocyte injury in aging. They may explain the sex-specific differences in the development of renal disease in humans during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhihong Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (G.A.); (A.B.); (X.-F.M.)
| | - Duilio M. Potenza
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (G.A.); (A.B.); (X.-F.M.)
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10
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Huang C, Chen XM, Zhao Y. Editorial: Novel therapeutic strategies for chronic kidney disease: from bench to bedside. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1242473. [PMID: 37484910 PMCID: PMC10359477 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1242473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Huang
- Renal Research Lab, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Medical School, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Renal Research Lab, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Medical School, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yongli Zhao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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11
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Chen YC, Waghorn PA, Rosales IA, Arora G, Erstad DJ, Rotile NJ, Jones CM, Ferreira DS, Wei L, Martinez RV, Schlerman FJ, Wellen J, Fuchs BC, Colvin RB, Ay I, Caravan P. Molecular MR Imaging of Renal Fibrogenesis in Mice. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1159-1165. [PMID: 37094382 PMCID: PMC10356170 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In most CKDs, lysyl oxidase oxidation of collagen forms allysine side chains, which then form stable crosslinks. We hypothesized that MRI with the allysine-targeted probe Gd-oxyamine (OA) could be used to measure this process and noninvasively detect renal fibrosis. METHODS Two mouse models were used: hereditary nephritis in Col4a3-deficient mice (Alport model) and a glomerulonephritis model, nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN). MRI measured the difference in kidney relaxation rate, ΔR1, after intravenous Gd-OA administration. Renal tissue was collected for biochemical and histological analysis. RESULTS ΔR1 was increased in the renal cortex of NTN mice and in both the cortex and the medulla of Alport mice. Ex vivo tissue analyses showed increased collagen and Gd-OA levels in fibrotic renal tissues and a high correlation between tissue collagen and ΔR1. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic resonance imaging using Gd-OA is potentially a valuable tool for detecting and staging renal fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ching Chen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Philip A. Waghorn
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ivy A. Rosales
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gunisha Arora
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Derek J. Erstad
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas J. Rotile
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chloe M. Jones
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diego S. Ferreira
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lan Wei
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert V.P. Martinez
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jeremy Wellen
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bryan C. Fuchs
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert B. Colvin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ilknur Ay
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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12
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Rudman-Melnick V, Adam M, Stowers K, Potter A, Ma Q, Chokshi SM, Vanhoutte D, Valiente-Alandi I, Lindquist DM, Nieman ML, Kofron JM, Potter SS, Devarajan P. Single-cell sequencing dissects the transcriptional identity of activated fibroblasts and identifies novel persistent distal tubular injury patterns in kidney fibrosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2880248. [PMID: 37293022 PMCID: PMC10246229 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2880248/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Examining kidney fibrosis is crucial for mechanistic understanding and developing targeted strategies against chronic kidney disease (CKD). Persistent fibroblast activation and tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury are key CKD contributors. However, cellular and transcriptional landscapes of CKD and specific activated kidney fibroblast clusters remain elusive. Here, we analyzed single cell transcriptomic profiles of two clinically relevant kidney fibrosis models which induced robust kidney parenchymal remodeling. We dissected the molecular and cellular landscapes of kidney stroma and newly identified three distinctive fibroblast clusters with "secretory", "contractile" and "vascular" transcriptional enrichments. Also, both injuries generated failed repair TECs (frTECs) characterized by decline of mature epithelial markers and elevation of stromal and injury markers. Notably, frTECs shared transcriptional identity with distal nephron segments of the embryonic kidney. Moreover, we identified that both models exhibited robust and previously unrecognized distal spatial pattern of TEC injury, outlined by persistent elevation of renal TEC injury markers including Krt8, while the surviving proximal tubules (PTs) showed restored transcriptional signature. Furthermore, we found that long-term kidney injuries activated a prominent nephrogenic signature, including Sox4 and Hox gene elevation, which prevailed in the distal tubular segments. Our findings might advance understanding of and targeted intervention in fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mike Adam
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | | | | | - Qing Ma
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
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13
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Wang J, Li X, Chang H, Si N. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics study on the treatment of renal fibrosis with persicae semen-carthami flos drug pair. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32946. [PMID: 36827014 PMCID: PMC11309690 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To use network pharmacology and bioinformatics technology to reveal the mechanism of persicae semen-carthami flos drug pair in the treatment of renal fibrosis (RF). Compounds in traditional Chinese medicine were obtained through the Herb database. Appropriate compounds and corresponding drug targets were screened out based on the 5 rules of Lipinski and pharmacokinetics. Screening of suitable disease miRNAs by microarray chips in the GEO database. Find differentially expressed genes by analyzing miRNAs. Protein-protein interaction analysis and enrichment analysis of therapeutic targets were performed using String database and Omicshare platform. Molecular docking via the DockThor platform. A total of 28 drug compounds and 228 drug targets were screened in this study. A total of 9 miRNAs and 6649 disease targets were obtained by GEO2R software analysis. Finally, 97 therapeutic targets were obtained. A total of 1124 Gene Ontology enrichment analysis results were obtained. Therapeutic targets play multiple roles in biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular organization. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the persicae semen-carthami flos drug pair played a role in the treatment of RF mainly through calcium signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, cAMP signaling pathway, and other pathways. Molecular docking showed that the traditional Chinese medicine compounds had good binding ability to the target. Persicae semen and carthami flos play a role in the treatment of RF through multiple targets and multiple pathways. It provides ideas and references for follow-up research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Na Si
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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14
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Poulsen CG, Rasmussen DGK, Genovese F, Hansen TW, Nielsen SH, Reinhard H, von Scholten BJ, Jacobsen PK, Parving HH, Karsdal MA, Rossing P, Frimodt-Møller M. Marker for kidney fibrosis is associated with inflammation and deterioration of kidney function in people with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283296. [PMID: 36930632 PMCID: PMC10022760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Dysregulated turnover of collagen type III is associated with development of kidney fibrosis. We investigated whether a degradation product of collagen type III (C3M) was a risk marker for progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality during follow up in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and microalbuminuria. Moreover, we investigated whether C3M was correlated with markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction at baseline. METHODS C3M was measured in serum (sC3M) and urine (uC3M) in 200 participants with T2D and microalbuminuria included in an observational, prospective study at Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen in Denmark from 2007-2008. Baseline measurements included 12 markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The endpoints were CVD, mortality, and CKD progression (>30% decline in eGFR). RESULTS Mean (SD) age was 59 (9) years, eGFR 90 (17) ml/min/1.73m2 and median (IQR) urine albumin excretion rate 102 (39-229) mg/24-h. At baseline all markers for inflammation were positively correlated with sC3M (p≤0.034). Some, but not all, markers for endothelial dysfunction were correlated with C3M. Median follow-up ranged from 4.9 to 6.3 years. Higher sC3M was associated with CKD progression (with mortality as competing risk) with a hazard ratio (per doubling) of 2.98 (95% CI: 1.41-6.26; p = 0.004) adjusted for traditional risk factors. uC3M was not associated with CKD progression. Neither sC3M or uC3M were associated with risk of CVD or mortality. CONCLUSIONS Higher sC3M was a risk factor for chronic kidney disease progression and was correlated with markers of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter K. Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans-Henrik Parving
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Tougaard NH, Møller AL, Rønn PF, Hansen TW, Genovese F, Karsdal MA, Rasmussen DGK, Rossing P. Endotrophin as a Marker of Complications in a Type 2 Diabetes Cohort. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2746-2748. [PMID: 36094080 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated endotrophin, a profibrotic signaling molecule reflecting collagen VI formation, in serum and urine as risk marker for complications to type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Endotrophin was measured in 774 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Outcomes included a composite kidney end point, first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), mortality, progression of albuminuria, incident heart failure, and sight-threatening eye disease. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were applied. RESULTS Doubling of serum endotrophin was associated with the kidney end point (n = 49; hazard ratio 1.80 [95% CI 1.13-2.87]), first MACE (n = 66; 1.54 [1.04-2.28]), mortality (n = 156; 1.69 (1.31-2.19]), and incident heart failure (n = 42; 1.63 [1.02-2.60]). A doubling of urine endotrophin was associated with progression of albuminuria (n = 85; 1.20 [1.04-1.39]). CONCLUSIONS Serum endotrophin was a risk marker for mortality and kidney and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Urine endotrophin was a marker for albuminuria progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Louise Møller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Labes R, Dong L, Mrowka R, Bachmann S, von Vietinghoff S, Paliege A. Annexin A1 exerts renoprotective effects in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:984362. [PMID: 36311242 PMCID: PMC9605209 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.984362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-resolving inflammation plays a critical role during the transition from renal injury towards end-stage renal disease. The glucocorticoid-inducible protein annexin A1 has been shown to function as key regulator in the resolution phase of inflammation, but its role in immune-mediated crescentic glomerulonephritis has not been studied so far. Methods: Acute crescentic glomerulonephritis was induced in annexin A1-deficient and wildtype mice using a sheep serum against rat glomerular basement membrane constituents. Animals were sacrificed at d5 and d10 after nephritis induction. Renal leukocyte abundance was studied by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Alterations in gene expression were determined by RNA-Seq and gene ontology analysis. Renal levels of eicosanoids and related lipid products were measured using lipid mass spectrometry. Results: Histological analysis revealed an increased number of sclerotic glomeruli and aggravated tubulointerstitial damage in the kidneys of annexin A1-deficient mice compared to the wildtype controls. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed an increased number of CD45+ leukocytes and neutrophil granulocytes in the absence of annexin A1. Lipid mass spectrometry showed elevated levels of prostaglandins PGE2 and PGD2 and reduced levels of antiinflammatory epoxydocosapentaenoic acid regioisomers. RNA-Seq with subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed induction of gene products related to leukocyte activation and chemotaxis as well as regulation of cytokine production and secretion. Conclusion: Intrinsic annexin A1 reduces proinflammatory signals and infiltration of neutrophil granulocytes and thereby protects the kidney during crescentic glomerulonephritis. The annexin A1 signaling cascade may therefore provide novel targets for the treatment of inflammatory kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Labes
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Dong
- Nephrology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ralf Mrowka
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, AG Experimentelle Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sibylle von Vietinghoff
- Nephrology Section, First Medical Clinic, University Clinic and Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Paliege
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexander Paliege,
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17
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Wang L, Feng J, Deng Y, Yang Q, Wei Q, Ye D, Rong X, Guo J. CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Proteins in Fibrosis: Complex Roles Beyond Conventional Understanding. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9891689. [PMID: 36299447 PMCID: PMC9575473 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9891689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and interact selectively with duplex DNA to regulate target gene expression. C/EBPs play important roles in various physiological processes, and their abnormal function can lead to various diseases. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant C/EBP expression or activity is closely associated with the onset and progression of fibrosis in several organs and tissues. During fibrosis, various C/EBPs can exert distinct functions in the same organ, while the same C/EBP can exert distinct functions in different organs. Modulating C/EBP expression or activity could regulate various molecular processes to alleviate fibrosis in multiple organs; therefore, novel C/EBPs-based therapeutic methods for treating fibrosis have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we will explore the features of C/EBPs and their critical functions in fibrosis in order to highlight new avenues for the development of novel therapies targeting C/EBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyue Deng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quxing Wei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Bailly C. Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Targets of Alisol Triterpenoids from Alismatis Rhizoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081945. [PMID: 36009492 PMCID: PMC9406200 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 100 protostane triterpenoids have been isolated from the dried rhizomes of Alisma species, designated Alismatis rhizoma (AR), commonly used in Asian traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and vascular diseases. The main products are the alisols, with the lead compounds alisol-A/-B and their acetate derivatives being the most abundant products in the plant and the best-known bioactive products. The pharmacological effects of Ali-A, Ali-A 24-acetate, Ali-B, Ali-B 23-acetate, and derivatives have been analyzed to provide an overview of the medicinal properties, signaling pathways, and molecular targets at the origin of those activities. Diverse protein targets have been proposed for these natural products, including the farnesoid X receptor, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and other enzymes (AMPK, HCE-2) and functional proteins (YAP, LXR) at the origin of the anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-proliferative activities. Activities were classified in two groups. The lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerosis effects benefit from robust in vitro and in vivo data (group 1). The anticancer effects of alisols have been largely reported, but, essentially, studies using tumor cell lines and solid in vivo data are lacking (group 2). The survey shed light on the pharmacological properties of alisol triterpenoids frequently found in traditional phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, 59290 Lille (Wasquehal), France
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19
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The fibrogenic niche in kidney fibrosis: components and mechanisms. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:545-557. [PMID: 35788561 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis, characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) that leads to tissue scarring, is the final common outcome of a wide variety of chronic kidney diseases. Rather than being distributed uniformly across the kidney parenchyma, renal fibrotic lesions initiate at certain focal sites in which the fibrogenic niche is formed in a spatially confined fashion. This niche provides a unique tissue microenvironment that is orchestrated by a specialized ECM network consisting of de novo-induced matricellular proteins. Other structural elements of the fibrogenic niche include kidney resident and infiltrated inflammatory cells, extracellular vesicles, soluble factors and metabolites. ECM proteins in the fibrogenic niche recruit soluble factors including WNTs and transforming growth factor-β from the extracellular milieu, creating a distinctive profibrotic microenvironment. Studies using decellularized ECM scaffolds from fibrotic kidneys show that the fibrogenic niche autonomously promotes fibroblast proliferation, tubular injury, macrophage activation and endothelial cell depletion, pathological features that recapitulate key events in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease. The concept of the fibrogenic niche represents a paradigm shift in understanding of the mechanism of kidney fibrosis that could lead to the development of non-invasive biomarkers and novel therapies not only for chronic kidney disease, but also for fibrotic diseases of other organs.
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Meng T, Chang H, Meng H. Exploring the mechanism of Shendi Bushen capsule in anti-renal fibrosis using metabolomics theory and network analysis. Mol Omics 2022; 18:873-883. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00141a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Shendi Bushen capsule (SDBS) is a Chinese patent medicine used for the treatment of renal fibrosis (RF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Meng
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China
| | - Hongyu Meng
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100027, China
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