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Kos E, Cigić V, Bušić M, Bjeloš M, Miletić D, Kuzmanović Elabjer B. Intra- and interobserver reliability of ocular surface analyzer LacryDiag ®. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:1418-1422. [PMID: 39156777 PMCID: PMC11286434 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.08.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To invastigate intra- and interobserver reliability of interferometry, tear meniscus height (TMH) measurement and meibography (MBG) of an ocular surface analyzer, LacryDiag (Quantel Medical, France). METHODS Five consecutive measurements and subsequent analysis of interferometry, TMH, and MBG were recorded by two examiners using the LacryDiag. To assess intra- and interobserver reliability, we used Cohen's kappa for categorical variables (interferometry), or intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables (TMH, MBG). RESULTS Thirty eyes of 30 examinees were included. For both observers, there was excellent intraobserver reliability for MBG (0.955 and 0.970 for observer 1 and 2, respectively). Intraobserver reliability for observer 1 was substantial for interferometry (0.799), and excellent for TMH (0.863). Reliability for observer 2 was moderate for interferometry (0.535) and fair to good for TMH (0.431). Interobserver reliability was poor for interferometry (0.074) and fair to good for TMH (0.680) and MBG (0.414). CONCLUSION LacryDiag ocular surface analyzer in our study proves to be a reliable noninvasive tool for the evaluation of TMH and MBG. As for interferometry, poor interobserver reliability, fair to good intraobserver reliability for observer 1, and moderate for observer 2, leave room for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kos
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Valentina Cigić
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Mladen Bušić
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Mirjana Bjeloš
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Daliborka Miletić
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Biljana Kuzmanović Elabjer
- University Eye Clinic, University Hospital “Sveti Duh”, Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Care Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
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Sharma S, Belenje A, Takkar B, Narula R, Rathi VM, Tyagi M, Rani PK, Narayanan R, Kaur I. Tear Protein Markers for Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema - Towards an Early Diagnosis and Better Prognosis. Semin Ophthalmol 2024; 39:440-450. [PMID: 38643349 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2024.2342266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic eye disease is a highly prevalent and sight-threatening disorder. It is a disease of neuro-vascular unit of the retina, if left untreated can cause blindness. Therapeutic approaches followed for its treatment can only restrict the progression of the disease with highly variable results. There is no known biomarker for an early diagonsis of this disease, therefore by the time it is detected it goes beyond repair. This creates a massive demand for development of such biomarkers that help detect disease in its earlier stages. METHODS PUBMED (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) was searched for articles relevant to the topic published till November 2023. The search was made using keywords such as Diabetic Retinopathy, inflammation, tear, biomarker, proteomics etc. The studies providing relevant information to prove the importance of biomarker discovery were chosen. After compiling the data, the manuscript writing was planned under relevant headings and sub-headings. RESULTS The review provides a comprehensive overview of all the tear protein biomarker studies in the field of DR and DME. Briefly, their potential in other diseases is also elucidated. While there are many studies pertaining to DR biomarkers, the identified markers lack validations which has restricted their usage in clinics. In case of DME, there was no such study towards biomarker discovery for its diagnosis and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The review highlights major studies and their lacunae in the field of biomarkers discovery for DR and DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmeela Sharma
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Akash Belenje
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institue, Hyderabad, India
| | - Brijesh Takkar
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institue, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ritesh Narula
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institue, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Mudit Tyagi
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institue, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Raja Narayanan
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institue, Hyderabad, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Troisi M, Caruso C, D’Andrea L, Rinaldi M, Piscopo R, Troisi S, Costagliola C. Compatibility of a New Ocular Surface Dye with Disposable and Bi-Weekly Soft Contact Lenses: An Experimental Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:653. [PMID: 38929636 PMCID: PMC11204805 DOI: 10.3390/life14060653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface staining for assessing corneal and conjunctival epithelium integrity is typically conducted using fluorescein, lissamine green, or rose Bengal dyes. Recently, a novel vital dye, REmark®, based on riboflavin, has been proposed for ocular surface examination. In the management of corneal and ocular surface diseases (OSD), the use of contact lenses is integral to therapeutic strategies. This study explores the compatibility of REmark® with four different types of disposable or bi-weekly soft contact lenses. Morphological variations observed under stereomicroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) ray transmittance in the visible spectrum (VIS) were evaluated at 2 and 4 h post-immersion of the contact lenses in both the original fluid and the new dye. The findings indicate no significant differences between the group treated with the original liquid and those immersed in REmark®, except for a yellow hue observed in the latter group, which dissipates after 8 h in physiological solution. This study highlights the potential of utilizing the new vital dye for ophthalmologic examinations even in the presence of applied soft contact lenses, offering a promising avenue for improved diagnostic practices and patient comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Troisi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciro Caruso
- Corneal Transplant Center, Pellegrini Hospital, Via Portamedina alla Pignasecca, 41, 80127 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Luca D’Andrea
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
- Public Health Department, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Rinaldi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Raffaele Piscopo
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Salvatore Troisi
- Ophthalmologic Unit, Salerno Hospital University, 84100 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
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Oliveira RDC, Faneli AC, Amaral DC, Chagas JM, Guedes J, Follador I, de Oliveira MDFSP, Fernandes BF, Correia LCL. Ocular complications in adults with psoriasis: a cross-sectional study in a referral center in Brazil. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:215. [PMID: 38705919 PMCID: PMC11070383 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is limited literature on the ocular manifestations in patients with psoriasis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of and factors associated with ocular manifestations in adults with psoriasis. METHODS This cross-sectional study included Brazilian adults with psoriasis. The dermatological evaluation included diagnosis, clinical form, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) measurement, and location of the lesions. Patients underwent a full ophthalmological examination, including the Schirmer I test, Rose Bengala staining, and tear breakup time tests. The results were analyzed using chi-square and Pearson's linear correlation tests. RESULTS Of the 130 patients assessed, 118 (90.8%) exhibited ocular abnormalities, with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) being the most prevalent (59.2%), followed by dry eye disease (DED) (56.2%). A significant correlation was observed between MGD and PASI (p = 0.05), and between MGD and certain treatment modalities. DED was significantly associated with PASI (p < 0.05). Concurrent use of acitretin was identified as an independent predictor of MGD (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5, p < 0.05), whereas PASI was a protective factor against DED (OR = 0.39, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Given the high prevalence of eye disease among individuals with psoriasis, routine ophthalmological assessments are recommended to prevent possible ocular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano Cypriano Faneli
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Rua Machado Neto, 129, Pituba, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 41830-510, Brazil.
| | - Dillan Cunha Amaral
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime Guedes
- Glaucoma Research Center, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ivonise Follador
- University Hospital Complex Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES) - Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Claudio Lemos Correia
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Rua Machado Neto, 129, Pituba, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 41830-510, Brazil
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Wang X, Wu Y, Zhao F, Sun W, Pang C, Sun X, Zang S. Subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors among the national general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. J Glob Health 2023; 13:06052. [PMID: 38038375 PMCID: PMC10691301 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented numerous challenges to public health, including the emergence of subjective dry eye symptoms among individuals. However, there is currently a dearth of comprehensive knowledge regarding the associated factors with subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Methods A nationwide survey in China was carried out from 20 June to 31 August 2022, involving 21 916 participants. Subjective dry eye symptoms were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index-6. We employed random forest classification to select potential associated factors based on the socioecological model. We also conducted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to explore the factors associated with subjective dry eye symptoms. Network analyses were employed to explore the network structure of subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors. Results The item "watching TV (or similar task)" displayed the highest node strength and exhibited the highest predictability within the network. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between subjective dry eye symptoms and several factors, including loneliness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26 to 1.32), problematic Internet use (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.09), family communication (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.01), the presence of depression (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.68) and anxiety (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.47) symptoms, older age (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.01), self-rated health status (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.98 to 0.99), family health (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.97), health literacy (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99) and the agreeableness personality trait (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95 to 0.99). Conclusions These findings have important implications for public health interventions targeting the prevention and management of subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Strategies addressing individual risk factors and supporting psychological well-being may prove beneficial in mitigating the burden associated with subjective dry eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Pang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuange Sun
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Handayani AT, Valentina C, Suryaningrum IGAR, Megasafitri PD, Juliari IGAM, Pramita IAA, Nakayama S, Shimizu E, Triningrat AAMP. Interobserver Reliability of Tear Break-Up Time Examination Using "Smart Eye Camera" in Indonesian Remote Area. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:2097-2107. [PMID: 37521149 PMCID: PMC10378626 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s412233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability leading to decrease of vision, productivity and quality of life, and blindness. DED diagnosis remains difficult and underdiagnosed regarding inconsistency between subjective symptoms and clinical findings. Tear break-up time (TBUT) is an objective indicator of tear film stability in diagnostic DED. A novel smartphone attachment, namely SEC (smart eye camera), could mimic conventional slit lamp to assess TBUT and beneficial in facilitating DED diagnosis. Reliability between a non and an ophthalmologist in TBUT assessment and DED diagnosis is observed in this study. Purpose To determine interobserver reliability of TBUT measurement for diagnosing DED using SEC. Design This a cross-sectional analytic study involving 99 participants (198 eyes) aged 40 years who visited Pratama Gema Santi Hospital, Nusa Penida, from September 2nd to 4th, 2022, with consecutive sampling technique. Methods Fluoresceined eyes were filmed using the SEC device and apps, continued by masked ophthalmologist and resident assessing TBUT based on the video. The primary outcome is interobserver reliability for TBUT measurement and DED diagnosis. Results The mean age of participants was 55.22±9.78 years, 48.5% male and 51.5% female. The reliability of interobserver in assessing DED based on TBUT test is 0.78 (95% CI=0.31-1.26, P-value=0.001), and interobserver reliability in diagnosing DED based on OSDI and TBUT showed good agreement (weighted kappa=0.71). Good interobserver reliability underscores that non-ophthalmologists can diagnose DED based on TBUT video using SEC. Conclusion SEC video has good interobserver reliability to assess TBUT for DED diagnosis. SEC can be used as one of the methods in assessing DED in limited health care facilities. The high reliability of interobserver assessment indicates that DED diagnosis using video taken with SEC may be useful for telemedicine evaluation in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariesanti Tri Handayani
- Ophthalmology Study Program Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Clara Valentina
- Ophthalmology Study Program Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | | | - Putu Dian Megasafitri
- Ophthalmology Study Program Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | | | - Ida Ayu Ary Pramita
- Ophthalmology Study Program Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Shintaro Nakayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- OUI Inc ., Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- OUI Inc ., Minato, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang X, Shen J, Kang Z, Chen A, Cao Q, Xue C. Clinical observation of tear film breakup time with a novel smartphone-attachable technology. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:204. [PMID: 37165312 PMCID: PMC10170453 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the practicability of a portable instrument in assessing tear film breakup time (TFBUT): a lens attachment for smartphones (LAS). METHODS By applying LAS in combination with the iPhone 12 pro, and a recordable slit-lamp microscope, we obtained TFBUT videos from 58 volunteers. The comparison between the conventional slit-lamp microscope and LAS by an experienced ophthalmologist. Moreover, we also invited an ophthalmic postgraduate student and an undergraduate student with no clinical experience to assess TFBUT in those videos. The inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS The TFBUT of 116 eyes in total was recorded. Reliability indexes were adequate. The Spearman's correlation analysis and the intraclass correlation coefficient suggested a strong correlation between the 2 modalities (Right eye: Spearman's r = 0.929, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.847-0.963, ICC = 0.978, p < 0.001; Left eye: Spearman's r = 0.931, 95% CI = 0.866-0.964, ICC = 0.985, p < 0.001;). Between instruments, the majority of TFBUT measurements showed good agreement on Bland Altman plot. A high concordance was observed in TFBUT, when assessed by an ophthalmologist and an ophthalmic postgraduate student (Left eye: LAS ICC = 0.951, p < 0.001; Left eye: slit-lamp microscope ICC = 0.944, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compared with the conventional slit-lamp microscope, the LAS has sufficient validity for evaluating TFBUT in clinics or at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Jiawei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Andrew Chen
- Department of Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China.
| | - Chunyan Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China.
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Sun J, He J, Liang Z. Comparison of ocular surface assessment outcomes between healthy controls and patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: a meta-analysis of the literature. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1163947. [PMID: 37215172 PMCID: PMC10196462 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1163947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This meta-analysis aims to determine whether ocular surface alterations are associated with disease severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO. We conducted the search in six electronic databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang, and PubMed) from since the construction of the databases to 30 December 2022. The standard mean difference (SMD) and correlation coefficients are reported as measures of the effect size in the presence of retrieved data. In addition, the random effects model or fixed effects model was used in a combined analysis. Stata 11.0 and R 3.6.1 were used for statistical analyses of the data. Results: A total of 15 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for this study. The prevalence of floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) and dry eye syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was 40 and 48%, respectively. In addition, the Schirmer 1 value and tear break-up time (TBUT) were remarkably reduced in patients with OSAHS when compared to that of the controls. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores, Oxford corneal staining scores, and the rates of loss in the meibomian glands were elevated in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome when compared to that of the controls, especially those with severe disease. Moreover, the Schirmer 1 value and tear break-up time exhibited a negative correlation with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the OSDI showed a positive association with the apnea-hypopnea index. Conclusion: Patients with OSAHS had a greater prevalence of FES than the healthy controls. They also showed lower Schirmer 1 value and tear break-up time but had a higher OSDI, Oxford corneal staining scores, and rates of loss in the meibomian glands than the healthy controls. Clinical Trial Registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=392527).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongan Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Abdelmotaal H, Hazarbasanov R, Taneri S, Al-Timemy A, Lavric A, Takahashi H, Yousefi S. Detecting dry eye from ocular surface videos based on deep learning. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:90-98. [PMID: 36708879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automated diagnosis of dry eye (DE) in patients undergoing video keratoscopy based on single ocular surface video frames. DESIGN This retrospective cohort study included 244 ocular surface videos from 244 eyes of 244 subjects based on corneal topography. A total of 116 eyes were normal while 128 eyes had DE based on clinical evaluations. METHODS We developed a deep transfer learning model to directly identify DE from ocular surface videos. We evaluated the performance of the CNN model based on objective accuracy metrics. We assessed the clinical relevance of the findings by evaluating class activations maps. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. RESULTS The AUC of the model for discriminating normal eyes from eyes with DE was 0.98. Network activation maps suggested that the lower paracentral cornea was the most important region for detection of DE by the CNN model. CONCLUSIONS Deep transfer learning achieved a high diagnostic accuracy in detecting DE based on non-invasive ocular surface videos at levels that may prove useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rossen Hazarbasanov
- Hospital de Olhos-CRO, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Suphi Taneri
- Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany; Zentrum für Refraktive Chirurgie, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ali Al-Timemy
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq; Centre for Robotics and Neural Systems (CRNS), Cognitive Institute, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Plymouth University, UK
| | - Alexandru Lavric
- Computers, Electronics and Automation Department, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
| | | | - Siamak Yousefi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Zhu R, Chen W, Gu D, Wang T, Li J, Pan H. Chondroitin sulfate and L-Cysteine conjugate modified cationic nanostructured lipid carriers: Pre-corneal retention, permeability, and related studies for dry eye treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:624-637. [PMID: 36581034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel bioadhesive material, a conjugate of chondroitin sulfate and L-cysteine (CS-Cys), was synthesized and modified on the surface of the cationic nanostructured lipid carriers loaded dexamethasone to prepare a novel nano-lipid ocular delivery system (Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC). Through the permeation and retention studies of isolated cornea, it was demonstrated that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC has better corneal permeation and retention ability and can better overcome the barrier effect of the ocular surface. In addition, the fluorescent probe (RhB) was used to replace the drug, and fluorescence imaging was used to investigate the ocular surface retention ability of the formulation, and the results showed that CS-Cys-cNLC has stronger retention ability and can effectively prolong the time of drug action in the ocular surface. Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC was not irritating to rabbit eye tissues and was a safe delivery system. The results of rabbit dry eye pharmacodynamic experiments also showed that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC could effectively alleviate dry eye symptoms in rabbits, effectively repair corneal damage, and improve the stability of tear film. All these experimental results suggest that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC is a promising drug delivery carrier for the treatment of anterior segment of the eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenyue Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Donghao Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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11
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Chen Y, Ma T, Ye Z, Li Z. Effect of illuminance and colour temperature of LED lighting on asthenopia during reading. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:73-82. [PMID: 36181399 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A self-controlled study to determine the influence of illuminance and correlated colour temperature (CCT) of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting on asthenopia. METHODS Twenty-two healthy postgraduates (nine women) were recruited to read under eight LED lighting conditions with four illuminances (300 lx, 500 lx, 750 lx and 1000 lx) and four CCTs (2700, 4000, 5000 and 6500 K) for 2 h. A subjective asthenopia questionnaire, the optical quality analysis system (OQAS) and an inflammatory cytokine assay were used to assess the levels of asthenopia. RESULTS Increased asthenopia was observed after reading, but the degree varied with lighting conditions. There were significant differences among the groups in terms of subjective symptoms (inattention, eye pain, dry eye and total score), optical performance parameters (modulation transfer function [MTF] cut-off frequency, Strehl ratio [SR], objective scattering index [OSI], mean OSI and accommodative amplitude [AA]) as well as inflammatory cytokines in the tears (epidermal growth factor [EGF], transforming growth factor [TGF]-α, interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP]-1β, tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-α, TNF-β and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]-A). All of the subjective and objective measurements collectively suggested that asthenopia was lessened for the 500 lx-4000 K condition. However, asthenopia was significantly worse for 300 lx-2700 K and 1000 lx-6500 K in terms of subjective symptoms and objective optical performance, respectively. CONCLUSIONS LED illuminance and CCT do have a significant effect on asthenopia during reading. 500 lx-4000 K lighting resulted in the lowest level of asthenopia. Conversely, low illuminance at low CCT (300 lx-2700 K) and high illuminance at high CCT (1000 lx-6500 K) promoted more severe asthenopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianju Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army, General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army, General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army, General Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Park SH, Hwang JS, Shin YJ. Effect of multivitamin drug on intractable dry eye symptoms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:978107. [PMID: 36148465 PMCID: PMC9486468 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.978107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is a disorder of tear film and ocular surface characterized by ocular discomforts. It is associated with multiple causes and sometimes intractable. We investigated the effect of oral multivitamin supplementation (MVG) on dry eyes. Tear break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein ocular surface staining score, and tear secretion Schirmer test were measured in dry eye patients refractory to conventional topical treatment. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI), visual analog pain score (VAS), and modified standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness questionnaire were analyzed. In total, 42 eyes of 42 patients were included. TBUT increased at 1 and 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). OSDI decreased at 1 and 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). VAS score, impact on life, and frequency of total symptoms decreased at 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Oral administration of MVG, a vitamin complex formulation, was effective in stabilizing tear stability and alleviating symptoms in patients with intractable dry eye. Thus, it may be a viable treatment option for intractable dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hie Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young Joo Shin,
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13
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Garzarelli V, Ferrara F, Primiceri E, Chiriacò MS. Biofluids manipulation methods for liquid biopsy in minimally-invasive assays. MethodsX 2022; 9:101759. [PMID: 35774416 PMCID: PMC9237943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Liquid Biopsy (LB) is an opportunity for non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. To date, it isn't possible to consider that tissue biopsy can represent a pathology entirety. Then, body fluids are rich in a large number and variety of biomarkers and they can provide information about several diseases.Recently, other biological fluids, easy to be collected are rising for their significant content of biomarkers and for the possibility to collect and manipulate them without the intervention of medical staff. The management of biological fluids requires suitable storage methods. Temperature, storage time and physical stresses due to sample handling can lead to chemical and physical changes that may induce sample degradation and incorrect analysis. The reliability of a diagnostic or screening test depends on its sensitivity and specificity. As the liquid biopsy is a 'snapshot' of a pathophysiological condition, it is crucial that its components do not degrade due to the improper handling of the body fluid. In this review, some handling methods of Saliva, Urine, Stool, Seminal Fluid, Tears and Sweat samples will be described, as well as protocols to facilitate the analysis of metabolites, nucleic acids, proteins and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) from those unusual body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Garzarelli
- University of Salento, Dept. of Mathematics & Physics E. de Giorgi, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy.,CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.,STMicroelectronics s.r.l., via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Primiceri
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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