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Ferreira IC, Torrejón E, Abecasis B, Alexandre BM, Gomes RA, Verslype C, van Pelt J, Barbas A, Simão D, Bandeiras TM, Bortoluzzi A, Rebelo SP. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2): A novel sorafenib target in hepatocellular carcinoma unraveled by the proteome-wide cellular thermal shift assay. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2024; 29:100154. [PMID: 38521503 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2024.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor indicated for first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its widespread use in the clinic, the existing knowledge of sorafenib mode-of-action remains incomplete. To build upon the current understanding, we used the Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) coupled to Mass Spectrometry (CETSA-MS) to monitor compound binding to its target proteins in the cellular context on a proteome-wide scale. Among the potential sorafenib targets, we identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), an enzyme that plays a major role in alcohol metabolism. We validated the interaction of sorafenib with ALDH2 by orthogonal methods using pure recombinant protein, proving that this interaction is not mediated by other cellular components. Moreover, we showed that sorafenib inhibits ALDH2 activity, supporting a functional role for this interaction. Finally, we were able to demonstrate that both ALDH2 protein expression and activity were reduced in sorafenib-resistant cells compared to the parental cell line. Overall, our study allowed the identification of ALDH2 as a novel sorafenib target and sheds light on its potential role in both hepatocellular carcinoma and sorafenib resistance condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C Ferreira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Estefania Torrejón
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Abecasis
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Alexandre
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ricardo A Gomes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Chris Verslype
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos van Pelt
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Clinical Digestive Oncology, KU, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Barbas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Bayer Portugal, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Daniel Simão
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago M Bandeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alessio Bortoluzzi
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Sofia P Rebelo
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Liu L, Gao J, Liu X, Zhang F, Hu B, Zhang H, Wang Z, Tang H, Shi JH, Zhang S. AARS2 as a novel biomarker for prognosis and its molecular characterization in pan-cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:21531-21544. [PMID: 37990642 PMCID: PMC10726843 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (AARS2) as one of aminoacyl-tRNA synthases (ARSs) performs amino acid transportation and involves protein synthesis. However, its role in cancer remains largely unexplored. METHODS In this study, more than 10,000 samples were enrolled to explore genomic alterations, biological function, prognosis, and clinical treatment based on AARS2 across pan-cancer. The molecular characterization of AARS2 was confirmed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using proteomics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and cell experiments. RESULTS For genomic landscape, the AARS2 was dramatically upregulated in multiple cancers, which might be mainly caused by copy number alteration rather than mutation and methylation. The abnormal expression of AARS2 was prominently associated with activity of cancer pathways and performed oncogenic roles in most cancers. Systematic experiments in vitro substantiated the elevated expression of AARS2, and the deficiency of it inhibited cell proliferation and cell migration in HCC. Meanwhile, our findings suggested that AARS2 could serve as a novel promising and stable biomarker for assessing prognosis and immunotherapy. Moreover, a variety of therapeutic drugs and targeted pathways were proposed for cancer treatment, which might enhance clinical efficacy. CONCLUSION The AARS2 could serve as a new oncogenic gene that promotes cell proliferation and migration in HCC. The comprehensive investigations increased the understanding of AARS2 across human cancers and generated beginning insights of AARS2 in genomic landscape, molecular biological function, prognosis, and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Liver Transplantation CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Organ Transplantation Quality Control CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Research Centre for Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
| | - Huapeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Liver Transplantation CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Organ Transplantation Quality Control CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Research Centre for Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Liver Transplantation CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Organ Transplantation Quality Control CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Research Centre for Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
| | - Hongwei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
| | - Ji Hua Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
- Henan Liver Transplantation CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Organ Transplantation Quality Control CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Research Centre for Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
- Open and Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhouChina
- Henan Liver Transplantation CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Organ Transplantation Quality Control CentreZhengzhouChina
- Henan Research Centre for Organ TransplantationZhengzhouChina
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Wang Y, Popovic Z, Charkoftaki G, Garcia-Milian R, Lam TT, Thompson DC, Chen Y, Vasiliou V. Multi-omics profiling reveals cellular pathways and functions regulated by ALDH1B1 in colon cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110714. [PMID: 37716420 PMCID: PMC10807983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Although early screenings and advances in treatments have reduced mortality since 1970, identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention is needed to address tumor heterogeneity and recurrence. Previous work identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) as a critical factor in colon tumorigenesis. To investigate further, we utilized a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (SW480) in which the ALDH1B1 protein expression has been knocked down by 80% via shRNA. Through multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics) analysis, we identified the impact of ALDH1B1 knocking down (KD) on molecular signatures in colon cancer cells. Suppression of ALDH1B1 expression resulted in 357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 191 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 891 differentially altered metabolites (DAMs). Functional annotation and enrichment analyses revealed that: (1) DEGs were enriched in integrin-linked kinase (ILK) signaling and growth and development pathways; (2) DEPs were mainly involved in apoptosis signaling and cellular stress response pathways; and (3) DAMs were associated with biosynthesis, intercellular and second messenger signaling. Collectively, the present study provides new molecular information associated with the cellular functions of ALDH1B1, which helps to direct future investigation of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zeljka Popovic
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Zhai Z, Yamauchi T, Shangraw S, Hou V, Matsumoto A, Fujita M. Ethanol Metabolism and Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1258. [PMID: 36831600 PMCID: PMC9954650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Despite significant efforts in sun protection education, melanoma incidence is still rising globally, drawing attention to other socioenvironmental risk factors for melanoma. Ethanol and acetaldehyde (AcAH) are ubiquitous in our diets, medicines, alcoholic beverages, and the environment. In the liver, ethanol is primarily oxidized to AcAH, a toxic intermediate capable of inducing tumors by forming adducts with proteins and DNA. Once in the blood, ethanol and AcAH can reach the skin. Although, like the liver, the skin has metabolic mechanisms to detoxify ethanol and AcAH, the risk of ethanol/AcAH-associated skin diseases increases when the metabolic enzymes become dysfunctional in the skin. This review highlights the evidence linking cutaneous ethanol metabolism and melanoma. We summarize various sources of skin ethanol and AcAH and describe how the reduced activity of each alcohol metabolizing enzyme affects the sensitivity threshold to ethanol/AcAH toxicity. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database also show that three ethanol metabolizing enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B, P450 2E1, and catalase) and an AcAH metabolizing enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) are significantly reduced in melanoma tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Takeshi Yamauchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Shangraw
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vincent Hou
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Akiko Matsumoto
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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