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Yu H, Wang M, Yu J, Tang H, Xu Q, Cheng N, Luo X, Wang Y, Ge H, Qiang L, Tang W, Gu HF. Evaluation of the efficacy of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) on diabetic nephropathy by analyzing biomarkers in the glomeruli and proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1215996. [PMID: 37587982 PMCID: PMC10427220 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1215996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As a traditional Chinese medicine, Abelmoschus manihot (L.) in the form of Huangkui (HK) capsule has been used as a medication for kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), in China. The most significant effect of HK capsule treatment in kidney diseases is the reduction of albuminuria and proteinuria. To evaluate the efficacy of HK capsule in the regression of DN, in the current study, we analyzed the biomarkers in the glomerulus and proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys of db/db mice, the animal model for type 2 diabetes and DN. Methods: Huangkui capsules (0.84 g/kg/d) or vehicle were administered daily via oral gavage for 4 weeks in db/db mice. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and blood glucose levels were measured during the whole experimental period. Five biomarkers in the glomerulus and proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys were selected, namely, col4a3, slc5a2, slc34a1, slc12a3, and slc4a1, and their activities at mRNA and protein levels before and after HK capsule treatment were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Result and discussion: After HK capsule treatment for 4 weeks, the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in db/db mice was found to be significantly decreased. The activities of col4a3, slc5a2, slc34a1, slc12a3, and slc4a1 in the kidneys were upregulated in db/db mice prior to the treatment but downregulated after HK capsule treatment. Further analyses of the fields of whole kidney tissue sections demonstrated that the number of nephrons in the kidneys of db/db mice with HK capsule treatment was higher than that in the kidneys of db/db mice without HK capsule treatment. Thereby, the current study provides experimental evidence confirming the medical efficacy of A. manihot in the reduction of albuminuria and proteinuria, suggesting that A. manihot may have pharmacological efficacy in the regression of the development of type 2 diabetes-DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingshi Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Geriatric Hospital/Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Harvest F. Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Peng Z, Xu Q, Hu W, Cheng Y. Review on Molecular Mechanism of Hypertensive Nephropathy. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2568-2578. [PMID: 37927071 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128266582231031111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension, a prevalent chronic ailment, has the potential to impair kidney function, and thereby resulting in hypertensive nephropathy. The escalating incidence of hypertensive nephropathy attributed to the aging population in urban areas, has emerged as a prominent cause of end-stage renal disease. Nevertheless, the intricate pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy poses considerable obstacles in terms of precise clinical diagnosis and treatment. This paper aims to consolidate the research findings on the pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy by focusing on the perspective of molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Yichun People's Hospital, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
| | - Qiaohong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yichun People's Hospital, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yichun People's Hospital, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
| | - Yimin Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
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