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Zeng Z, Gong S, Quan C, Zhou S, Kulyar MFEA, Iqbal M, Li Y, Li X, Li J. Impact of Bacillus licheniformis from yaks following antibiotic therapy in mouse model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:139. [PMID: 38229401 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Gut microorganism (GM) is an integral component of the host microbiome and health system. Abuse of antibiotics disrupts the equilibrium of the microbiome, affecting environmental pathogens and host-associated bacteria alike. However, relatively little research on Bacillus licheniformis alleviates the adverse effects of antibiotics. To test the effect of B. licheniformis as a probiotic supplement against the effects of antibiotics, cefalexin was applied, and the recovery from cefalexin-induced jejunal community disorder and intestinal barrier damage was investigated by pathology, real-time PCR (RT-PCR), and high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The result showed that A group (antibiotic treatment) significantly reduced body weight and decreased the length of jejunal intestinal villi and the villi to crypt (V/C) value, which also caused structural damage to the jejunal mucosa. Meanwhile, antibiotic treatment suppressed the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, claudin, occludin, and Ki67 and elevated MUC2 expression more than the other Groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). However, T group (B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment) restored the expression of the above genes, and there was no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Moreover, the antibiotic treatment increased the relative abundance of 4 bacterial phyla affiliated with 16 bacterial genera in the jejunum community, including the dominant Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria in the jejunum. B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Epsilonbacteraeota, Lactobacillus, and Candidatus Stoquefichus. This study uses mimic real-world exposure scenarios by considering the concentration and duration of exposure relevant to environmental antibiotic contamination levels. We described the post-antibiotic treatment with B. licheniformis could restore intestinal microbiome disorders and repair the intestinal barrier. KEY POINTS: • B. licheniformis post-antibiotics restore gut balance, repair barrier, and aid health • Antibiotics harm the gut barrier, alter structure, and raise disease risk • Long-term antibiotics affect the gut and increase disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Saisai Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuxian Quan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shimeng Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, China.
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Myles M, Barnawi H, Mahmoudpour M, Shlimon S, Chang A, Zimmermann D, Choi C, Zebian N, Creuzenet C. Effect of the polysaccharide capsule and its heptose on the resistance of Campylobacter jejuni to innate immune defenses. Microbiologyopen 2024; 13:e1400. [PMID: 38375546 PMCID: PMC10877309 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a commensal in many animals but causes diarrhea in humans. Its polysaccharide capsule contributes to host colonization and virulence in a strain- and model-specific manner. We investigated if the capsule and its heptose are important for interactions of strain NCTC 11168 with various hosts and their innate immune defenses. We determined that they support bacterial survival in Drosophila melanogaster and enhance virulence in Galleria mellonella. We showed that the capsule had limited antiphagocytic activity in human and chicken macrophages, decreased adherence to chicken macrophages, and decreased intracellular survival in both macrophages. In contrast, the heptose increased uptake by chicken macrophages and supported adherence to human macrophages and survival within them. While the capsule triggered nitric oxide production in chicken macrophages, the heptose mitigated this and protected against nitrosative assault. Finally, the C. jejuni strain NCTC 11168 elicited strong cytokine production in both macrophages but quenched ROS production independently from capsule and heptose, and while the capsule and heptose did not protect against oxidative assault, they favored growth in biofilms under oxidative stress. This study shows that the wild-type capsule with its heptose is optimized to resist innate defenses in strain NCTC 11168 often via antagonistic effects of the capsule and its heptose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Myles
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Heba Barnawi
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudpour
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Sargon Shlimon
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Adrienne Chang
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Daniel Zimmermann
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Chiwon Choi
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Najwa Zebian
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Carole Creuzenet
- Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
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Rossitto M, Vrenna G, Tuccio Guarna Assanti V, Essa N, De Santis ML, Granaglia A, Fini V, Costabile V, Onori M, Cristiani L, Boni A, Cutrera R, Perno CF, Bernaschi P. Identification of the blaOXA-23 Gene in the First Mucoid XDR Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6582. [PMID: 37892720 PMCID: PMC10607117 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the pathogens most involved in health care-associated infections in recent decades. Known for its ability to accumulate several antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, it possesses the oxacillinase blaoxa-23, a carbapenemase now endemic in Italy. Acinetobacter species are not frequently observed in patients with cystic fibrosis, and multidrug-resistant A. baumannii is a rare event in these patients. Non-mucoid A. baumannii carrying the blaoxa-23 gene has been sporadically detected. Here, we describe the methods used to detect blaoxa-23 in the first established case of pulmonary infection via a mucoid strain of A. baumannii producing carbapenemase in a 24-year-old cystic fibrosis patient admitted to Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in Rome, Italy. This strain, which exhibited an extensively drug-resistant antibiotype, also showed a great ability to further increase its resistance in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossitto
- Multimodal Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Major School in Microbiology and Virology, University Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vrenna
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa Tuccio Guarna Assanti
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Nour Essa
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Maria Luisa De Santis
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Annarita Granaglia
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Vanessa Fini
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Valentino Costabile
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Manuela Onori
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Luca Cristiani
- Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Alessandra Boni
- Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Renato Cutrera
- Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Carlo Federico Perno
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Bernaschi
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.T.G.A.); (N.E.); (M.L.D.S.); (A.G.); (V.F.); (V.C.); (M.O.); (C.F.P.); (P.B.)
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