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Sikora A, Sullivan KM, Dineen S, Raoof M, Karolak A. Emerging therapeutic approaches for peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200767. [PMID: 38596287 PMCID: PMC10873742 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal malignancies present difficult management decisions, with options consisting primarily of systemic chemotherapy or major surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Current research is investigating expanding therapeutic modalities, and the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the existing and emerging therapies for the peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal cancers, primarily through the recent literature (2015 and newer). These include the current data with systemic therapy and cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal or pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy, as well as novel promising modalities under investigation, including dominating oncolytic viral therapy and adoptive cellular, biologic, and bacteria therapy, or nanotechnology. The novel diverse strategies, although preliminary and preclinical in murine models, individually and collectively contribute to the treatment of peritoneal metastases, offering hope for improved outcomes and quality of life. We foresee that these evolving treatment approaches will facilitate the transfer of knowledge and data among studies and advance discovery of new drugs and optimized treatments for patients with peritoneal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sikora
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kevin M. Sullivan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sean Dineen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mustafa Raoof
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Aleksandra Karolak
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Machine Learning, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Wang Z, Ying Y, Wang M, Chen Q, Wang Y, Yu X, He W, Li J, Zeng S, Xu C. Comprehensive identification of onco-exaptation events in bladder cancer cell lines revealed L1PA2-SYT1 as a prognosis-relevant event. iScience 2023; 26:108482. [PMID: 38058305 PMCID: PMC10696462 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) can provide ectopic promoters to drive the expression of oncogenes in cancer, a mechanism known as onco-exaptation. Onco-exaptation events have been extensively identified in various cancers, with bladder cancer showing a high frequency of onco-exaptation events (77%). However, the effect of most of these events in bladder cancer remains unclear. This study identified 44 onco-exaptation events in 44 bladder cancer cell lines in 137 RNA-seq datasets from six publicly available cohorts, with L1PA2 contributing the most events. L1PA2-SYT1, L1PA2-MET, and L1PA2-XCL1 had the highest frequency not only in cell lines but also in TCGA-BLCA samples. L1PA2-SYT1 showed significant tumor specificity and was found to be activated by CpG island demethylation in its promoter. The upregulation of L1PA2-SYT1 enhances the in vitro invasion of bladder cancer and is an independent risk factor for patient's overall survival, suggesting L1PA2-SYT1 being an important event that promotes the development of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yidie Ying
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Maoyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xufeng Yu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxiong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chuanliang Xu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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