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Zhao FR, Wang W, Zheng Q, Zhang YG, Chen J. The regulation of antiviral activity of interferon epsilon. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1006481. [PMID: 36386666 PMCID: PMC9642105 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1006481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon epsilon (IFN-ε) is a type I IFN. Some biological properties has been identified in many species, such as antiproliferative, anti-tumor, and antiviral effects, of IFN-ε, which are much weaker than those of IFN-α, have also been revealed. It has been shown to play a role in mucosal immunity and bacterial infection and in the prevention of certain sexually transmitted diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This paper reviews the known activity of IFN-ε, particularly in some viruses. In general, this review provides a better understanding of effective IFN-ε treatment in the future.
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Owens LA, Colitti B, Hirji I, Pizarro A, Jaffe JE, Moittié S, Bishop-Lilly KA, Estrella LA, Voegtly LJ, Kuhn JH, Suen G, Deblois CL, Dunn CD, Juan-Sallés C, Goldberg TL. A Sarcina bacterium linked to lethal disease in sanctuary chimpanzees in Sierra Leone. Nat Commun 2021; 12:763. [PMID: 33536429 PMCID: PMC7859188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal infections with bacteria of the genus Sarcina (family Clostridiaceae) are associated with gastric dilation and emphysematous gastritis. However, the potential roles of sarcinae as commensals or pathogens remain unclear. Here, we investigate a lethal disease of unknown etiology that affects sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Sierra Leone. The disease, which we have named "epizootic neurologic and gastroenteric syndrome" (ENGS), is characterized by neurologic and gastrointestinal signs and results in death of the animals, even after medical treatment. Using a case-control study design, we show that ENGS is strongly associated with Sarcina infection. The microorganism is distinct from Sarcina ventriculi and other known members of its genus, based on bacterial morphology and growth characteristics. Whole-genome sequencing confirms this distinction and reveals the presence of genetic features that may account for the unusual virulence of the bacterium. Therefore, we propose that this organism be considered the representative of a new species, named "Candidatus Sarcina troglodytae". Our results suggest that a heretofore unrecognized complex of related sarcinae likely exists, some of which may be highly virulent. However, the potential role of "Ca. S. troglodytae" in the etiology of ENGS, alone or in combination with other factors, remains a topic for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Owens
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Barbara Colitti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ismail Hirji
- Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | | | - Jenny E Jaffe
- Tai Chimpanzee Project, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Moittié
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
- Twycross Zoo, Atherstone, UK
| | - Kimberly A Bishop-Lilly
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Department, Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Luis A Estrella
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Department, Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Logan J Voegtly
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Department, Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
- Leidos, Reston, VI, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Garret Suen
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Courtney L Deblois
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher D Dunn
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Tony L Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Sukegawa S, Sakuma R, Ohmine S, Takeuchi H, Ikeda Y, Yamaoka S. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 counteracts rhesus macaque TRIM5α-induced inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 production. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109640. [PMID: 25310711 PMCID: PMC4195675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Old world monkey TRIM5α is a host factor that restricts human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Previously, we reported that rhesus macaque TRIM5α (RhTRIM5α) restricts HIV-1 production by inducing degradation of precursor Gag. Since suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is known to enhance HIV-1 production by rescuing Gag from lysosomal degradation, we examined if SOCS1 is involved in RhTRIM5α-mediated late restriction. Over-expression of SOCS1 restored HIV-1 production in the presence of RhTRIM5α to a level comparable to that in the absence of RhTRIM5α in terms of titer and viral protein expression. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that SOCS1 physically interacted with RhTRIM5α. Over-expression of SOCS1 affected RhTRIM5α expression in a dose-dependent manner, which was not reversed by proteasome inhibitors. In addition, SOCS1 and RhTRIM5α were detected in virus-like particles. These results suggest that SOCS1 alleviates RhTRIM5α-mediated regulation in the late phase of HIV-1 life cycle probably due to the destabilization of RhTRIM5α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Sukegawa
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sakuma
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (RS); (SY)
| | - Seiga Ohmine
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Hiroaki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (RS); (SY)
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Nomaguchi M, Fujita M, Miyazaki Y, Adachi A. Viral tropism. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:281. [PMID: 22876241 PMCID: PMC3411105 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
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Nomaguchi M, Doi N, Matsumoto Y, Sakai Y, Fujiwara S, Adachi A. Species tropism of HIV-1 modulated by viral accessory proteins. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:267. [PMID: 22855686 PMCID: PMC3405772 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is tropic and pathogenic only for humans, and does not replicate in macaque monkeys routinely used for experimental infections. This specially narrow host range (species tropism) has impeded much the progress of HIV-1/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) basic research. Extensive studies on the underlying mechanism have revealed that Vif, one of viral accessory proteins, is critical for the HIV-1 species tropism in addition to Gag-capsid protein. Another auxiliary protein Vpu also has been demonstrated to affect this HIV-1 property. In this review, we focus on functional interactions of these HIV-1 proteins and species specific-restriction factors. In addition, we describe an evolutional viewpoint that is relevant to the species tropism of HIV-1 controlled by the accessory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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