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Xing Q, Zhang S, Tao X, Mesbah NM, Mao X, Wang H, Wiegel J, Zhao B. The polyextremophile Natranaerobius thermophilus adopts a dual adaptive strategy to long-term salinity stress, simultaneously accumulating compatible solutes and K . Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0014524. [PMID: 38578096 PMCID: PMC11107154 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00145-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Natranaerobius thermophilus is an extremely halophilic alkalithermophile that can thrive under conditions of high salinity (3.3-3.9 M Na+), alkaline pH (9.5), and elevated temperature (53°C). To understand the molecular mechanisms of salt adaptation in N. thermophilus, it is essential to investigate the protein, mRNA, and key metabolite levels on a molecular basis. Based on proteome profiling of N. thermophilus under 3.1, 3.7, and 4.3 M Na+ conditions compared to 2.5 M Na+ condition, we discovered that a hybrid strategy, combining the "compatible solute" and "salt-in" mechanisms, was utilized for osmotic adjustment dur ing the long-term salinity adaptation of N. thermophilus. The mRNA level of key proteins and the intracellular content of compatible solutes and K+ support this conclusion. Specifically, N. thermophilus employs the glycine betaine ABC transporters (Opu and ProU families), Na+/solute symporters (SSS family), and glutamate and proline synthesis pathways to adapt to high salinity. The intracellular content of compatible solutes, including glycine betaine, glutamate, and proline, increases with rising salinity levels in N. thermophilus. Additionally, the upregulation of Na+/ K+/ H+ transporters facilitates the maintenance of intracellular K+ concentration, ensuring cellular ion homeostasis under varying salinities. Furthermore, N. thermophilus exhibits cytoplasmic acidification in response to high Na+ concentrations. The median isoelectric points of the upregulated proteins decrease with increasing salinity. Amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, membrane transport, and bacterial chemotaxis activities contribute to the adaptability of N. thermophilus under high salt stress. This study provides new data that support further elucidating the complex adaptation mechanisms of N. thermophilus under multiple extremes.IMPORTANCEThis study represents the first report of simultaneous utilization of two salt adaptation mechanisms within the Clostridia class in response to long-term salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Xing
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Luo Yang Branch of Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyi Tao
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noha M. Mesbah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Xinwei Mao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Haisheng Wang
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juergen Wiegel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Baisuo Zhao
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Peltek SE, Bryanskaya AV, Uvarova YE, Rozanov AS, Ivanisenko TV, Ivanisenko VA, Lazareva EV, Saik OV, Efimov VM, Zhmodik SM, Taran OP, Slynko NM, Shekhovtsov SV, Parmon VN, Dobretsov NL, Kolchanov NA. Young «oil site» of the Uzon Caldera as a habitat for unique microbial life. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:349. [PMID: 33228530 PMCID: PMC7685581 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Uzon Caldera is one of the places on our planet with unique geological, ecological, and microbiological characteristics. Uzon oil is the youngest on Earth. Uzon oil has unique composition, with low proportion of heavy fractions and relatively high content of saturated hydrocarbons. Microbial communities of the «oil site» have a diverse composition and live at high temperatures (up to 97 °C), significant oscillations of Eh and pH, and high content of sulfur, sulfides, arsenic, antimony, and mercury in water and rocks. RESULTS The study analyzed the composition, structure and unique genetics characteristics of the microbial communities of the oil site, analyzed the metabolic pathways in the communities. Metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms have been found. The study found statistically significant relationships between geochemical parameters, taxonomic composition and the completeness of metabolic pathways. It was demonstrated that geochemical parameters determine the structure and metabolic potential of microbial communities. CONCLUSIONS There were statistically significant relationships between geochemical parameters, taxonomic composition, and the completeness of metabolic pathways. It was demonstrated that geochemical parameters define the structure and metabolic potential of microbial communities. Metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon oxidation was found to prevail in the studied communities, which corroborates the hypothesis on abiogenic synthesis of Uzon hydrothermal petroleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey E Peltek
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Alla V Bryanskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
| | - Yuliya E Uvarova
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Aleksey S Rozanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Timofey V Ivanisenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Vladimir A Ivanisenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Elena V Lazareva
- The V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, pr. Koptyuga, 3, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Olga V Saik
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Vadim M Efimov
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Sergey M Zhmodik
- The V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, pr. Koptyuga, 3, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Oxana P Taran
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS, FRC Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 50/24, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660036
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny ave. 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660041
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, pr. Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Nikolay M Slynko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Sergey V Shekhovtsov
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Valentin N Parmon
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, pr. Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Nikolay L Dobretsov
- Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, pr. Koptyuga, 3, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Aven., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
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