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Figueiredo EP, Ribeiro JM, Nishio EK, Scandorieiro S, Costa AF, Cardozo VF, Oliveira AG, Durán N, Panagio LA, Kobayashi R, Nakazato G. New Approach For Simvastatin As An Antibacterial: Synergistic Effect With Bio-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:7975-7985. [PMID: 31632012 PMCID: PMC6781849 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s211756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multidrug-resistant bacteria such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), Enterobacteriaceae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose a challenge to the human health care system. MRSA is among the major causes of hospital-acquired and community infections. Methods Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Fusarium oxysporum (AgNPbio) in combination with simvastatin against reference and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Results Simvastatin showed a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.062 to 0.25 mg mL−1 against MRSA. AgNPbio with a size of 77.68± 33.95 nm and zeta potential −34.6 ± 12.7 mV showed an MIC of 0.212 mg mL−1 against S. aureus including MRSA strains. The checkerboard assay and time-kill curves exhibited a synergistic effect of the simvastatin-AgNPbio combination on antibacterial activity against MRSA strains. The combination of simvastatin and AgNPbio demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli producing ESBL. Scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of cell surface protrusions after treatment with AgNPbio and the formation of a large amorphous mass after treatment with simvastatin, both in MRSA. Conclusion Our results indicate that the combination of AgNPbio and simvastatin could be a great future alternative in the control of bacterial infections, where, when combined with simvastatin, smaller doses of AgNPbio are required, with the same antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Figueiredo
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - J M Ribeiro
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - E K Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - S Scandorieiro
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A F Costa
- NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V F Cardozo
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A G Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - N Durán
- NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,LNNano (National Laboratory of Nanotecnology), CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A Panagio
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rkt Kobayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - G Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Chaudhari AA, Joshi S, Vig K, Sahu R, Dixit S, Baganizi R, Dennis VA, Singh SR, Pillai S. A three-dimensional human skin model to evaluate the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by antimicrobial peptide-functionalized silver carbon nanotubes. J Biomater Appl 2018; 33:924-934. [PMID: 30472917 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218814984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the toxicity and antibacterial application of antimicrobial peptide-functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes against Staphylococcus infection using a full thickness human three-dimensional skin model. Materials and methods The three-dimensional skin formation on the scaffolds was characterized by electron microscopy and investigation of several skin cell markers by real time–reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes were prepared using carboxylated silver-coated carbon nanotubes with antimicrobial peptides such as TP359, TP226 and TP557. Following the characterization and toxicity evaluation, the antibacterial activity of functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes against Staphylococcus aureus was investigated using a bacterial enumeration assay and scanning electron microscopy. For this purpose, a scar on the human three-dimensional skin grown on Alvetex scaffold using keratinocytes and fibroblasts cells was created by taking precaution not to break the scaffold beneath, followed by incubation with 5 µg/mL of functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes re-suspended in minimum essential medium for 2 h. Post 2-h incubation, 200 µL of minimum essential medium containing 1 × 104 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus were incubated for 2 h. After incubation with bacteria, the colony forming unit/gram (cfu/g) of skin tissue were counted using the plate count assay and the samples were processed for scanning electron microscopy analysis. Results MTT assay revealed no toxicity of functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes to the skin cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts at 5 µg/mL with 98% cell viability. The bacterial count increased from 104 to 108 cfu/g in the non-treated skin model, whereas skin treated with functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes showed only a small increase from 104 to 105 cfu/g (1000-fold viable cfu difference). Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus on the non-treated skin as opposed to the treated skin. Conclusion Thus, our results showed that functionalized silver-coated carbon nanotubes are not only non-toxic, but also help reduce the infection due to their antibacterial activity. These findings will aid in the development of novel antibacterial skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul A Chaudhari
- Alabama State University, Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shreekumar Pillai
- Alabama State University College of Science Mathematics and Technology, Montgomery, AL, USA
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Scandorieiro S, de Camargo LC, Lancheros CAC, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Nakamura CV, de Oliveira AG, Andrade CGTJ, Duran N, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. Synergistic and Additive Effect of Oregano Essential Oil and Biological Silver Nanoparticles against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:760. [PMID: 27242772 PMCID: PMC4876125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has become a clinical and public health problem, making therapeutic decisions more challenging. Plant compounds and nanodrugs have been proposed as potential antimicrobial alternatives. Studies have shown that oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil (OEO) and silver nanoparticles have potent antibacterial activity, also against multidrug-resistant strains; however, the strong organoleptic characteristics of OEO and the development of resistance to these metal nanoparticles can limit their use. This study evaluated the antibacterial effect of a two-drug combination of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNP), produced by Fusarium oxysporum, and OEO against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. OEO and bio-AgNP showed bactericidal effects against all 17 strains tested, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.298 to 1.193 mg/mL and 62.5 to 250 μM, respectively. Time-kill curves indicated that OEO acted rapidly (within 10 min), while the metallic nanoparticles took 4 h to kill Gram-negative bacteria and 24 h to kill Gram-positive bacteria. The combination of the two compounds resulted in a synergistic or additive effect, reducing their MIC values and reducing the time of action compared to bio-AgNP used alone, i.e., 20 min for Gram-negative bacteria and 7 h for Gram-positive bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed similar morphological alterations in Staphylococcus aureus (non-methicillin-resistant S. aureus, non-MRSA) cells exposed to three different treatments (OEO, bio-AgNP and combination of the two), which appeared cell surface blebbing. Individual and combined treatments showed reduction in cell density and decrease in exopolysaccharide matrix compared to untreated bacterial cells. It indicated that this composition have an antimicrobial activity against S. aureus by disrupting cells. Both compounds showed very low hemolytic activity, especially at MIC levels. This study describes for the first time the synergistic and additive interaction between OEO and bio-AgNP produced by F. oxysporum against multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, and β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii strains. These results indicated that this combination can be an alternative in the control of infections with few or no treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Scandorieiro
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Larissa C de Camargo
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Cesar A C Lancheros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sueli F Yamada-Ogatta
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Celso V Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Drug and Cosmetics Development, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá, Brazil
| | - Admilton G de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Célia G T J Andrade
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Nelson Duran
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata K T Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brazil
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Cheng G, Dai M, Ahmed S, Hao H, Wang X, Yuan Z. Antimicrobial Drugs in Fighting against Antimicrobial Resistance. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:470. [PMID: 27092125 PMCID: PMC4824775 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of antimicrobial resistance, together with the lack of newly developed antimicrobial drugs, represents an alarming signal for both human and animal healthcare worldwide. Selection of rational dosage regimens for traditional antimicrobial drugs based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic principles as well as development of novel antimicrobials targeting new bacterial targets or resistance mechanisms are key approaches in tackling AMR. In addition to the cellular level resistance (i.e., mutation and horizontal gene transfer of resistance determinants), the community level resistance (i.e., bilofilms and persisters) is also an issue causing antimicrobial therapy difficulties. Therefore, anti-resistance and antibiofilm strategies have currently become research hotspot to combat antimicrobial resistance. Although metallic nanoparticles can both kill bacteria and inhibit biofilm formation, the toxicity is still a big challenge for their clinical applications. In conclusion, rational use of the existing antimicrobials and combinational use of new strategies fighting against antimicrobial resistance are powerful warranties to preserve potent antimicrobial drugs for both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyue Cheng
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
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Park S, Cha SH, Cho I, Park S, Park Y, Cho S, Park Y. Antibacterial nanocarriers of resveratrol with gold and silver nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 58:1160-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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