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Chen L, Sun BX, Zhao Y, Miao ZY. Molecular Mechanisms and Biological Characteristics of Botrytis cinerea Field Isolate Resistance to Pyrisoxazole in Liaoning Province. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:866-876. [PMID: 37682225 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-23-0743-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a broad-host-range necrotrophic phytopathogen responsible for serious diseases in leading crops worldwide. The novel sterol 14α-demethylase inhibitor (DMI) pyrisoxazole was recently registered for the control of tomato gray mold caused by B. cinerea in China. One hundred fifty-seven isolates of B. cinerea were collected from tomato greenhouses in 14 cities of Liaoning Province from 2016 to 2021 and examined for sensitivity to pyrisoxazole, with a mean EC50 value of 0.151 μg/ml. Three highly resistant isolates, XD-5, DG-4, and GQ-3, were screened, and the EC50 values were 0.734, 0.606, and 0.639 μg/ml with corresponding resistance factors of 12.88, 10.63, and 11.21, respectively. Compared with field-sensitive strains, the highly resistant isolate XD-5 exhibited fitness defects in traits, including mycelial growth, conidial production, and pathogenicity, but DG-4 and GQ-3 did not experience fitness costs. Positive cross-resistance was observed only between pyrisoxazole and the DMIs tebuconazole and prochloraz but not between pyrisoxazole and the non-DMIs iprodione, procymidone, pyrimethanil, fludioxonil, fluazinam, and fluopyram. Sequence alignment of the CYP51 gene indicated that three point mutations were observed in the highly resistant mutant, namely, V24I in XD-5, G461S in GQ-3, and R464K in DG-4. When exposed to pyrisoxazole, the induced expression levels of the ABC transporter AtrD and MFS transporter Mfs1 increased in the resistant isolates compared with those in the sensitive isolates, whereas the expression level of the CYP51 gene did not change significantly. Molecular docking suggested that the G461S and R464K mutations both led to a decrease in the binding energy between CYP51 and pyrisoxazole, whereas no change was found with the V24I mutation. Thus, two point mutations in the CYP51 protein combined with induced expression of the Mfs1 and AtrD genes appeared to mediate the pyrisoxazole resistance of the highly resistant mutants DG-4 and GQ-3, while the overexpression of the Mfs1 and AtrD genes was responsible for the highly resistant mutant XD-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Xin Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Yan Miao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
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Li G, Zhang L, Wang H, Li X, Cheng F, Miao J, Peng Q, Liu X. Resistance to the DMI fungicide mefentrifluconazole in Monilinia fructicola: risk assessment and resistance basis analysis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1802-1811. [PMID: 38029343 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown rot disease, caused by Monilinia fructicola, poses a significant challenge to peach production in China. The efficacy of mefentrifluconazole, a new triazole fungicide, in controlling brown rot in peaches has been remarkable. However, the resistance risk and mechanism associated with this fungicide remain unclear. This study was designed to assess the resistance risk of M. fructicola to mefentrifluconazole and reveal the potential resistance mechanism. RESULTS The mean median effective concentration (EC50 ) of 101 M. fructicola isolates to mefentrifluconazole was 0.003 μg mL-1 , and the sensitivity exhibited a unimodal distribution. Seven mefentrifluconazole-resistant mutants were generated from three parental isolates in the laboratory through fungicide adaption. The biological characteristics of the resistant mutants revealed that three of them exhibited enhanced survival fitness compared to the parental isolates, whereas the remaining four mutants displayed reduced survival fitness. Mefentrifluconazole showed strong positive cross-resistance with fenbuconazole, whereas no cross-resistance was observed with pyrimethanil, procymidone or pydiflumetofen. No overexpression of MfCYP51 gene was detected in the resistant mutants. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that three resistant mutants (MXSB2-2, Mf12-1 and Mf12-2) had a point mutation (G461S) in MfCYP51 protein. Molecular docking techniques confirmed the contribution of this point mutation to mefentrifluconazole resistance. CONCLUSION The risk of M. fructicola developing resistance to mefentrifluconazole is relatively low-to-medium and point mutation G461S in MfCYP51 could confer mefentrifluconazole resistance in M. fructicola. This study provided essential data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and developing resistance management strategies for mefentrifluconazole. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huakai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiuhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Molecular characterization and overexpression of the difenoconazole resistance gene CYP51 in Lasiodiplodia theobromae field isolates. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24299. [PMID: 34934102 PMCID: PMC8692403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem-end rot (SER) caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an important disease of mango in China. Demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are widely used for disease control in mango orchards. The baseline sensitivity to difenoconazole of 138 L. theobromae isolates collected from mango in the field in 2019 was established by the mycelial growth rate method. The cross-resistance to six site-specific fungicides with different modes of action were investigated using 20 isolates randomly selected. The possible mechanism for L. theobromae resistance to difenoconazole was preliminarily determined through gene sequence alignment and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The results showed that the EC50 values of 138 L. theobromae isolates to difenoconazole ranged from 0.01 to 13.72 µg/mL. The frequency of difenoconazole sensitivity formed a normal distribution curve when the outliers were excluded. Difenoconazole showed positive cross-resistance only with the DMI tebuconazole but not with non-DMI fungicides carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, fludioxonil, bromothalonil, or iprodione. Some multifungicide-resistant isolates of L. theobromae were found. Two amino acid substitutions (E209k and G207A) were found in the CYP51 protein, but they were unlikely to be related to the resistance phenotype. There was no alteration in the promoter region of the CYP51 gene. However, difenoconazole significantly increased the expression of the CYP51 gene in the resistant isolates compared to the susceptible isolates. These results are vital to develop effective mango disease management strategies to avoid the development of further resistance.
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Ishii H, Cools HJ, Nishimura K, Borghi L, Kikuhara K, Yamaoka Y. DMI-Fungicide Resistance in Venturia nashicola, the Causal Agent of Asian Pear Scab-How Reliable Are Mycelial Growth Tests in Culture? Microorganisms 2021; 9:1377. [PMID: 34202715 PMCID: PMC8306131 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scab, caused by Venturia nashicola, is among the most serious diseases of Asian pears and control of this disease largely relies on sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. However, pear growers have complained about field performance of DMIs since the mid-2000s. In this study, to evaluate pathogen sensitivity, mycelial growth tests and inoculation tests were conducted using DMI-amended culture medium and fungicide-sprayed potted pear trees, respectively. Results confirmed distribution of isolates resistant to fenarimol, hexaconazole, and difenoconazole in the field populations. Importantly, results from tests in culture did not fully correlate with those from tests in planta. Due to phenotypic instability of resistance and poor sporulation of this pathogen in culture, resistance is generally assessed by laborious and time-consuming inoculation with conidia collected from a field. To improve the result interpretation from in vitro tests, the isolates were genotyped: the CYP51 gene which encodes the target sterol 14α-demethylase was sequenced and various mutations have been detected in the coding sequence of DMI-resistant isolates. In addition to the detected single nucleotide polymorphisms, alternative mechanisms, not based on changes in the structure of the target protein, may also increase DMI resistance. Development of molecular methods for the diagnosis of DMI resistance seems to be challenging in V. nashicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Ishii
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba 305-8604, Japan;
- Department of Agriculture, Kibi International University, Sareo 370-1, Shichi, Minami-Awaji 656-0484, Japan
| | - Hans Jorgen Cools
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell RG42 6EY, UK;
| | - Kumiko Nishimura
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba 305-8604, Japan;
| | - Lorenzo Borghi
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, WST.820.2.79, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland;
| | - Kenji Kikuhara
- Fukuoka Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Yoshiki 587, Chikushino 818-8549, Japan;
| | - Yuichi Yamaoka
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
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Li Z, Cong Y, Ma X, Wei Z, Cheng C, Shi F, Li S. Absolute configuration of four chiral isomers of pyrisoxazole and their bioactivity. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3780-3784. [PMID: 32452152 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrisoxazole is a fungicide that has two chiral carbon atoms and four isomers: (3S,5R)-, (3R,5S)-, (3S,5S)-, and (3R,5R)-pyrisoxazole. RESULTS Pure crystals of four pyrisoxazole isomers were prepared by chiral separation and single-crystal cultivation. Their absolute configurations were established by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. Bioassays indicated that compound (3S,5R)-pyrisoxazole showed excellent fungicidal activity with a median effective concentration (EC50 ) value of 0.14 μg mL-1 and protective activity with an EC50 value of 13.29 μg mL-1 . These values are superior to the commercial fungicides boscalid and racemic pyrisoxazole. CONCLUSIONS The biological activity of racemic pyrisoxazole is due almost exclusively to the isomer (3S,5R)-pyrisoxazole; the other three isomers had very low activity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
- Shenyang SCIENCREAT Chemicals Co., Ltd., Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Yunbo Cong
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
- Chemical Industry Safety Technology & Engineering Center, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyun Wei
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
- Chemical Industry Safety Technology & Engineering Center, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Cheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
- Chemical Industry Safety Technology & Engineering Center, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Fanian Shi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Sanxi Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, P. R. China
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Zhang C, Imran M, Liu M, Li Z, Gao H, Duan H, Zhou S, Liu X. Two Point Mutations on CYP51 Combined With Induced Expression of the Target Gene Appeared to Mediate Pyrisoxazole Resistance in Botrytis cinerea. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1396. [PMID: 32714305 PMCID: PMC7340008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a destructive plant pathogenic ascomycete that causes serious pre- and post-harvest losses worldwide. The novel sterol 14α-demethylase inhibitor (DMI) pyrisoxazole was recently registered for the control of tomato gray mold caused by B. cinerea in China. Baseline sensitivity of 110 B. cinerea isolates collected from nine provinces in China to pyrisoxazole was demonstrated, with a mean EC50 of 0.057 ± 0.029 μg/ml. Eleven stable mutants resistant to pyrisoxazole were generated via UV irradiation (RU-mutants) and spontaneous selection (RS-mutants) of conidia. The efficacy of pyrisoxazole against the resistant mutants was significantly lower than that of the sensitive isolates. Most of the pyrisoxazole- resistant mutants were less fit than the sensitive isolates, with reduced sporulation, conidia germination, sclerotium production, and pathogenicity, which was confirmed by the competitive ability test. Positive cross-resistance was only observed between pyrisoxazole and the DMIs tebuconazole and prochloraz, but not between pyrisoxazole and non-DMIs iprodione, procymidone, diethofencarb, fluazinam, pyrimethanil, or fludioxonil. A two-point mutation, at G476S and K104E in the RU-mutants, and a one point mutation, M231T, in the RS-mutants, were detected in the CYP51 protein of the resistant mutants. When exposed to pyrisoxazole, the induced expression level of CYP51 increased in the resistant isolates as compared to sensitive ones. Molecular docking suggested that G476S and M231T mutations both led to the loss of electrostatic interactions between CYP51 and pyrisoxazole, while no change was found with the K104E mutation. Thus, two point mutations on CYP51 protein combined with induced expression of its target gene appeared to mediate the pyrisoxazole resistance of B cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Min Liu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Huige Gao
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shunli Zhou
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Zhang T, Cao Q, Li N, Liu D, Yuan Y. Transcriptome analysis of fungicide-responsive gene expression profiles in two Penicillium italicum strains with different response to the sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide prochloraz. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:156. [PMID: 32050894 PMCID: PMC7017498 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6564-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Penicillium italicum (blue mold) is one of citrus pathogens causing undesirable citrus fruit decay even at strictly-controlled low temperatures (< 10 °C) during shipping and storage. P. italicum isolates with considerably high resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides have emerged; however, mechanism(s) underlying such DMI-resistance remains unclear. In contrast to available elucidation on anti-DMI mechanism for P. digitatum (green mold), how P. italicum DMI-resistance develops has not yet been clarified. Results The present study prepared RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) libraries for two P. italicum strains (highly resistant (Pi-R) versus highly sensitive (Pi-S) to DMI fungicides), with and without prochloraz treatment, to identify prochloraz-responsive genes facilitating DMI-resistance. After 6 h prochloraz-treatment, comparative transcriptome profiling showed more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Pi-R than Pi-S. Functional enrichments identified 15 DEGs in the prochloraz-induced Pi-R transcriptome, simultaneously up-regulated in P. italicum resistance. These included ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding genes, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter-encoding genes, ergosterol (ERG) anabolism component genes ERG2, ERG6 and EGR11 (CYP51A), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling-inducer genes Mkk1 and Hog1, and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling-inducer genes CaMK1 and CaMK2. Fragments Per Kilobase per Million mapped reads (FPKM) analysis of Pi-R transcrtiptome showed that prochloraz induced mRNA increase of additional 4 unigenes, including the other two ERG11 isoforms CYP51B and CYP51C and the remaining kinase-encoding genes (i.e., Bck1 and Slt2) required for Slt2-MAPK signaling. The expression patterns of all the 19 prochloraz-responsive genes, obtained in our RNA-seq data sets, have been validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These lines of evidence in together draw a general portrait of anti-DMI mechanisms for P. italicum species. Intriguingly, some strategies adopted by the present Pi-R were not observed in the previously documented prochloraz-resistant P. digitatum transcrtiptomes. These included simultaneous induction of all major EGR11 isoforms (CYP51A/B/C), over-expression of ERG2 and ERG6 to modulate ergosterol anabolism, and concurrent mobilization of Slt2-MAPK and CaMK signaling processes to overcome fungicide-induced stresses. Conclusions The present findings provided transcriptomic evidence on P. italicum DMI-resistance mechanisms and revealed some diversity in anti-DMI strategies between P. italicum and P. digitatum species, contributing to our knowledge on P. italicum DMI-resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qianwen Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Na Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.,Yunnan Higher Education Institutions, College of Life Science and Technology, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - Deli Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yongze Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Monk BC, Sagatova AA, Hosseini P, Ruma YN, Wilson RK, Keniya MV. Fungal Lanosterol 14α-demethylase: A target for next-generation antifungal design. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140206. [PMID: 30851431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 enzyme lanosterol 14α-demethylase (LDM) is the target of the azole antifungals used widely in medicine and agriculture as prophylaxis or treatments of infections or diseases caused by fungal pathogens. These drugs and agrochemicals contain an imidazole, triazole or tetrazole substituent, with one of the nitrogens in the azole ring coordinating as the sixth axial ligand to the LDM heme iron. Structural studies show that this membrane bound enzyme contains a relatively rigid ligand binding pocket comprised of a deeply buried heme-containing active site together with a substrate entry channel and putative product exit channel that reach to the membrane. Within the ligand binding pocket the azole antifungals have additional affinity determining interactions with hydrophobic side-chains, the polypeptide backbone and via water-mediated hydrogen bond networks. This review will describe the tools that can be used to identify and characterise the next generation of antifungals targeting LDM, with the goal of obtaining highly potent broad-spectrum fungicides that will be able to avoid target and drug efflux mediated antifungal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Monk
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Alia A Sagatova
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Parham Hosseini
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Yasmeen N Ruma
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Rajni K Wilson
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Mikhail V Keniya
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Yang X, Qi P, Wang X, Wang Z, Sun Y, Wang L, Xu X, Xu H, Wang Q, Wang X, Zhao C. Stereoselective Analysis and Degradation of Pyrisoxazole in Cabbage, Pakchoi, and Pepper by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:8295-8301. [PMID: 28863259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrisoxazole is a chiral fungicide with high sterilizing activity to the plant pathogenic bacteria and thus can be used for protecting the vegetables from gray mold, powdery mildew, and brown rot. The present work aimed to explore its stereoselective degradation in cabbage, pakchoi, and pepper samples. The enantioseparation and analysis on chiral column Lux Cellulose-3 based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed coupled to the QuEChERS method. The recoveries of the stereoisomers in various vegetables ranged from 72.6 to 124% with RSD lower than 5.0%. Enantioselective dissipation of pyrisoxazole in vegetables displayed that (-)-A-pyrisoxazole was preferentially degraded versus (+)-A-pyrisoxazole in all the vegetables. (+)-B-pyrisoxazole was preferentially degraded in cabbage, while there was no obvious enantioselectivity in pakchoi and pepper. Meanwhile, stereoselectivity analysis demonstrated that (±)-A-pyrisoxazole was degraded faster than (±)-B-pyrisoxazole in pakchoi and pepper, while there was no stereoselective degradation in cabbages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Yang
- Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Qi
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiahong Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang , Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Changshan Zhao
- Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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