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Zhang P, Ji L, Wu X, Chen L, Yan W, Dong F. Prevalence, Genotypic Characteristics, and Antibiotic Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes From Retail Foods in Huzhou, China. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100307. [PMID: 38797247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes are considered to be the major foodborne pathogen worldwide. To understand the prevalence and potential risk of L. monocytogenes in retail foods, a total of 1243 retail foods in 12 food categories were sampled and screened for L. monocytogenes from 2020 to 2022 in Huzhou, China. A total of 46 out of 1234 samples were confirmed to be L. monocytogenes positive with a total rate of 3.7%. The contamination rate of seasoned raw meat (15.2%) was the highest, followed by raw poultry meat and raw livestock meat (9.9%) and salmon sashimi (9.5%). The L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to four serotypes, 1/2a,1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b, with the most prevalent serotype being 1/2a (47.9%). All isolates were grouped into 15 sequence types (STs) belonging to 14 clonal complexes (CCs) via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The most prevalent ST was ST9/CC9 (23.9%), followed by ST3/CC3 (19.6%) and ST121/CC121 (17.4%). Notably, 11 STs were detected from ready-to-eat (RTE) foods, some of them have been verified to be strongly associated with clinical origin listeriosis cases, such as ST3, ST2, ST5, ST8, and ST87. Listeria pathogenicity islands 1 (LIPI-1) and LIPI-2 were detected in approximately all L. monocytogenes isolates, whereas the distribution of both LIPI-3 genes and LIPI-4 genes exhibited association with specific ST, with LIPI-3 in ST3 and ST288, and LIPI-4 in ST87. The strains carrying LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 virulence genes in this study were all isolated from RTE foods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that >90% of isolates were susceptible to PEN, AMP, ERY, CIP, SXT, VAN, CHL, and GEN, indicating the antibiotic treatment might be still efficient for most of the L. monocytogenes strains. However, for the three clinical first-line antibiotics (PEN, AMP, and GEN), we also observed three and four strains showing MIC values greater than the susceptibility standards for PEN and AMP, respectively, and one strain showing resistance to GEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Lei Ji
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Xiaofang Wu
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Liping Chen
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Fenfen Dong
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China.
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2
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Grocholl J, Ferguson M, Hughes S, Trujillo S, Burall LS. Listeria monocytogenes Contamination Leads to Survival and Growth During Enoki Mushroom Cultivation. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100290. [PMID: 38701973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Two recent outbreaks of listeriosis have been linked to the consumption of enoki mushrooms. After the first outbreak, import sampling by the U.S. FDA identified that 43% of the samples evaluated were positive for Listeria monocytogenes (Lm). These observations raised questions about the potential sources of Lm contamination of enoki mushrooms. One potential source of contamination is during enoki mushroom cultivation, as growing conditions are comparatively cool and moist to induce mushroom germination, to which Lm is well adapted. Two varieties of enoki mushrooms were evaluated to determine the potential for Lm to contaminate enoki cultures when introduced at various points during cultivation (inoculation, scraping, pinning, and collaring). The results of two trials showed that Lm established contamination and grew to similar levels in the substrate regardless of when Lm was introduced and, with one exception, did not alter the rate of mushroom generation to below the control. Enumeration of Lm in enoki mushroom cultures at harvest found an average contamination of 103 cfu/g, though the results were variable. Refrigerated storage for six weeks was found to result in an increase in Lm. Additionally, no statistically significant difference in the levels of Lm was observed based on proximity to the substrate, though levels of Lm in the different enoki samples correlated with levels of Lm in the substrate at harvest, but not at scraping. The ability of Lm to grow independently in the media used to culture enoki was assessed, and Lm was found to be unable to grow but could sporadically survive in Masters Mix. No growth of Lm was observed in potato dextrose broth, though growth could occur on the agar. Overall, the data indicate a high potential for the establishment of Lm contamination at any point during enoki cultivation to result in Lm-contaminated mushrooms. These data indicate a need for active control mechanisms to prevent the introduction of Lm to enoki cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Grocholl
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Martine Ferguson
- Office of Analytics and Outreach, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Stephen Hughes
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Socrates Trujillo
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Laurel S Burall
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA.
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3
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Chen P, Cheng F, Huang Q, Dong Y, Sun P, Peng Q. Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in Poultry Meat in Jiading District, Shanghai. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100234. [PMID: 38295987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the distribution, contamination status, and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in four types of retail poultry meat, including chicken, duck, goose, and pigeon, sold in Jiading District, Shanghai, a total of 236 retail poultry meat samples were collected, and L. monocytogenes isolates were obtained for identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing against 14 common antibiotics. Forty-one L. monocytogenes isolates were detected from the 236 retail poultry meat samples, with detection rates of 24.47%, 19.44%, 14.75%, and 4.44% in chicken, goose, duck, and pigeon meat, respectively. Among refrigerated, frozen, and room temperature samples, refrigerated poultry had the highest detection rate at 25.40%, while frozen poultry had the lowest at 13.33%. The detection rate of L. monocytogenes in chicken meat differed significantly between the storage temperatures, while no significant differences were found for other poultry types. No significant differences in detection rates were observed between different retail locations or packaging methods. Isolates exhibited complete resistance to cefoxitin (FOX) and increasing resistance over time to tetracycline (TET) and clindamycin (CLI), while low levels of resistance were found for penicillin (PEN), oxacillin (OXA), and erythromycin (ERY). Resistance to ERY and TET suggests the potential for multidrug resistance. Significant differences in antibiotic resistance profiles were observed among L. monocytogenes from the various poultry types. In summary, contamination status and antibiotic resistance profiles differed among retail chicken, duck, goose, and pigeon meat sold and the resistance rate of strains continues to increase in Jiading District, Shanghai. Targeted control measures should be implemented to reduce the emergence of resistant strains, as retail conditions had minimal impact on L. monocytogenes prevalence in poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peichao Chen
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Fangzhou Cheng
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Qiang Huang
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Yuting Dong
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Pan Sun
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Qian Peng
- Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China.
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4
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Tayeb BA, Mohamed-Sharif YH, Choli FR, Haji SS, Ibrahim MM, Haji SK, Rasheed MJ, Mustafa NA. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat Products: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:315-333. [PMID: 37389828 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to comprehensively understand antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Listeria monocytogenes (LM) isolated from meat and meat products. The study was performed following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Published articles from 2000 to 2022 were collected from six widely used online databases, including AGRICOLA, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL-EBSCO. Prevalence rates and AMR of pathogen isolates were analyzed using MedCalc software, including the I2 statistic and Cochrane Q test for heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression were conducted to analyze potential sources of heterogeneity at a 95% significance level. The distribution and prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) were examined using a random-effect model. The pooled frequency of bacterial MDR was 22.97% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14.95-32.13). The studies exhibited high heterogeneity (I2 = 94.82%, 95% CI = 93.74-95.71, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the most prevalent antibiotics resistance found in the majority of included studies were tetracycline, clindamycin, penicillin, ampicillin, and oxacillin (I2 = 86.66%, 95% CI = 73.20-93.36, p < 0.0001). This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of AMR in LM isolates, and the results indicate that none of the variable factors, including sampling location, sampling size, or methodology, significantly influenced the outcome of LM isolates resistant to multidrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizhar Ahmed Tayeb
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory, Directorate of Veterinary in Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Yousif Hamed Mohamed-Sharif
- Department of Food Microbiology, Ibrahim Khlail-Habur International Border, New-Standard Company, Zakho, Iraq
| | - Farhad Ramadhan Choli
- Food Safety and Animal Health Department, Veterinary Directorate in Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Shamal Subhi Haji
- Department of Food Microbiology, Ibrahim Khlail-Habur International Border, New-Standard Company, Zakho, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Mahmood Ibrahim
- Food Industry Department, Standardization and Quality Control Authority, Directorate of Quality Control, Zakho, Iraq
| | - Shana Khalid Haji
- Department of Food Microbiology, Ibrahim Khlail-Habur International Border, New-Standard Company, Zakho, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Jomaa Rasheed
- Food Industry Department, Standardization and Quality Control Authority, Directorate of Quality Control, Zakho, Iraq
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Zhang H, Luo X, Aspridou Z, Misiou O, Dong P, Zhang Y. The Prevalence and Antibiotic-Resistant of Listeria monocytogenes in Livestock and Poultry Meat in China and the EU from 2001 to 2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040769. [PMID: 36832844 PMCID: PMC9957035 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the prevalence and antibiotic resistance rate of Listeria monocytogenes in livestock and poultry (beef, pork and chicken) meat between China and the European Union (EU), a meta-analysis was conducted. Ninety-one out of 2156 articles in Chinese and English published between January 2001 and February 2022 were selected from four databases. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes in livestock and poultry (beef, pork and chicken) meat in China and Europe was 7.1% (3152/56,511, 95% CI: 5.8-8.6%) and 8.3% (2264/889,309, 95% CI: 5.9-11.0%), respectively. Moreover, a decreasing trend was observed in both regions over time. Regarding antibiotic resistance, for the resistance to 15 antibiotics, the pooled prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 3.1-9.1%). In both regions, the highest prevalence was found in oxacillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, and a large difference was reported between China and the EU in ceftriaxone (52.6% vs. 17.3%) and cefotaxime (7.0% vs. 0.0%). Based on the above, it remains a significant challenge to enforce good control measures against the meat-sourced L. monocytogenes both in China and in the EU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Zafeiro Aspridou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ourania Misiou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pengcheng Dong
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence:
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6
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AGBOOLA TD, BISI-JOHNSON MA. OCCURRENCE OF Listeria monocytogenes IN IRRIGATION WATER AND IRRIGATED VEGETABLES IN SELECTED AREAS OF OSUN STATE, NIGERIA. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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7
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Suo Y, Qu Y, Bai Y, Zhou X, Lin T, Wang J, Chen W, Zhou C. Genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from farm products in Shanghai, China. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Farm products are considered important vehicles for the transmission of Listeria monocytogenes. The typing of L. monocytogenes from farm products contributes to the surveillance and source tracing of the pathogen. In this study, 77 L. monocytogenes strains from seven farm product categories in Shanghai were analyzed by serological typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome nucleotide polymorphism (wgSNP). The results showed that the 77 isolates were classified into four serovars (1/2a, 1/2c, 1/2b and 4b), and of these, 1/2a (n=47) was the most prevalent. Seventeen sequence types (STs) were generated by MLST with two novel STs (ST1402 and ST1403), and 20 of 77 L. monocytogenes isolates had high genetic identity with previously documented outbreak isolates according to the minimum spanning tree from the MLST results. Moreover, 34 PFGE patterns (PF1-PF34) were differentiated, and based on a similarity value higher than 80% by the UPGMA dendrogram, the discriminatory index was relatively low (equal to 0.775). Furthermore, 14 isolates were chosen and further analyzed by wgSNP based on the previous typing results, which demonstrated that wgSNP and MLST yielded mostly consistent typing results but higher resolution than PFGE. In conclusion, 77 L. monocytogenes isolates from farm products collected in nine districts in Shanghai were highly genetically diverse, and 20 of these isolates had high relatedness with previously documented outbreak strains worldwide. The results indicate a possible cross-contamination risk of L. monocytogenes and a potential public health concern resulting from farm products during the supply chain in Shanghai, China.
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8
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Ceviche-Natural Preservative: Possibility of Microbiota Survival and Effect on L. monocytogenes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060860. [PMID: 35327282 PMCID: PMC8950590 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceviche is a marinated raw fish dish ready for consumption; it is a part of the cuisine of various countries on the Pacific coast and its preparation may differ among them. Although the process uses the traditional method of food preservation by lowering the pH, the exposure time is very limited, so the aim of the study was to determine the viability of bacteria often isolated from fish after the process of preparing traditional ceviche. For this purpose, the traditional plate method and flow cytometry were used, and for pathogenic L. monocytogenes strains, the influence of stress during the preparation of the dish on the pathogenic potential was determined. The study showed that the highest percentage of viable cells was observed in the case of L. monocytogenes and remained at the level of 98.54%, slightly less for L. innocua, 96.93%. For the remaining species the reduction did not exceed 10%, for E. faecalis it was 92.76%, for S. liqefaciens 91.44%, H. alvei 93.68%. In addition, the study of the antibacterial properties of individual ingredients showed that habanero and coriander did not show any bactericidal effect, while for onions the amount of live cells was 99.11%, and for lime juice 97.26%, Additionally, the study of changes in virulence, antibiotic resistance and gene expression showed that the stress during the preparation of ceviche has different effects depending on the strain and may cause virulence potential increase, levofloxacin and daptomycin minimum inhibiotory concentration increase and some crucial virulence gene expression induction; therefore, it is important to take care of the quality of the products used to prepare the ceviche and accurate pretreatment.
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9
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Genetic diversity, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes from food, livestock, and clinical samples between 2002 and 2019 in China. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 366:109572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Phan TN, Miyamoto T, Masuda Y, Hohjoh KI, Thi ANT. Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes at fish-processing plants in Vietnam. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen Phan
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Takahisa Miyamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshimitsu Masuda
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Ken-ichi Hohjoh
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Anh Ngoc Tong Thi
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University
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11
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang P, Niu Y, Chen Q, Ma X. Genomic Characterization of Clinical Listeria monocytogenes Isolates in Beijing, China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751003. [PMID: 34956116 PMCID: PMC8703193 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne human pathogen that affects public health worldwide. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can classify L. monocytogenes isolates and identify virulence islands and resistance genes potentially influencing infectivity. Herein, WGS was used to assess 151 L. monocytogenes isolates from 120 cases of clinical infection in Beijing, China, between 2014 and 2018. Most isolates were either serogroup 1/2a,3a or serogroup 1/2b,3b,7, with 25 multilocus sequence typing (MLST) types (STs) represented, of which ST8, ST87, and ST5 were the most common. Core-genome MLST (cgMLST) grouped the 151 isolates into 116 cgMLST types. The discriminatory power of cgMLST was greater than other subtypes, revealing that isolates from the same patient were highly related (only differing at one allele). Eighty-six isolates formed 30 complexes with ≤ 7 cgMLST alleles between neighboring isolates, suggesting possible outbreaks. Compared with isolates in the United States, ST8, ST121, ST619, ST87, and ST155 isolates were grouped into unified clades. All 151 isolates were positive for common virulence-associated loci, and 26 lineage I isolates harbored the pathogenicity island 3 (LIPI-3) locus, while 42 lineage I isolates harbored the complete LIPI-4 locus. Eleven ST619 isolates had both LIPI-3 and LIPI-4. Among the 151 isolates, 13 were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and no multidrug-resistant isolates were identified. Resistance phenotypes correlated with genotypes, apart from two meropenem resistance isolates. The findings provided insight into the nature of L. monocytogenes strains currently causing clinical disease in Beijing, and WGS analysis indicated possible outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Zhang
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhu Liu
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Penghang Zhang
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Niu
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
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12
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Truong H, Garmyn D, Gal L, Fournier C, Sevellec Y, Jeandroz S, Piveteau P. Plants as a realized niche for Listeria monocytogenes. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1255. [PMID: 34964288 PMCID: PMC8710918 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a human pathogen. It is the causative agent of listeriosis, the leading cause of bacterial-linked foodborne mortality in Europe and elsewhere. Outbreaks of listeriosis have been associated with the consumption of fresh produce including vegetables and fruits. In this review we summarize current data providing direct or indirect evidence that plants can serve as habitat for L. monocytogenes, enabling this human pathogen to survive and grow. The current knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the interaction of this bacterium with plants is addressed, and whether this foodborne pathogen elicits an immune response in plants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai‐Nam Truong
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAEUniversity Bourgogne Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Dominique Garmyn
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAEUniversity Bourgogne Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Laurent Gal
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAEUniversity Bourgogne Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Carine Fournier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAEUniversity Bourgogne Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Yann Sevellec
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Salmonella and Listeria UnitParis‐Est UniversityMaisons‐AlfortCedexFrance
| | - Sylvain Jeandroz
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAEUniversity Bourgogne Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
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Zhao Q, Hu P, Li Q, Zhang S, Li H, Chang J, Jiang Q, Zheng Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Ren H, Lu S. Prevalence and transmission characteristics of Listeria species from ruminants in farm and slaughtering environments in China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:356-364. [PMID: 33560938 PMCID: PMC7928038 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1888658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen, and is ubiquitously distributed in the natural environment. Cattle and sheep, as natural hosts, can transmit L. monocytogenes to related meat and dairy products. In this study, the prevalence, distribution, and transmission characteristics of Listeria were analysed by investigating 5214 samples of cattle and sheep in farm and slaughtering environments in China. A low contamination incidence of L. monocytogenes (0.5%, 20/4430) was observed in farm environment, but there was a high contamination incidence in slaughtering environment (9.4%, 74/784). The incidence of L. innocua in cattle and sheep farm and slaughtering environments is more common and significantly higher (9.7%, 508/5214) than that of L. monocytogenes (1.8%, 94/5214). The distinct molecular and genetic characteristics of Listeria by PFGE and MLST indicated that L. monocytogenes and L. innocua were gradually transmitted from the farm and slaughtering environments to end products, such as beef and mutton along the slaughtering chain. The ST7, ST9, ST91, and ST155 found in our study were associated with the human listeriosis cases in China. In addition, the findings of virulence markers (inlC, inlJ, LIPI-3, LIPI-4, and ECIII) concerned with the pathogenesis of human listeriosis and antibiotics resistance of L. monocytogenes in this study implies a potential public health risk. This study fills the gap in the epidemiology of beef cattle and sheep that carry Listeria in farm and slaughtering environments in major cattle and sheep producing areas in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujie Jiang
- Jilin Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Double First-class Discipline of Human-animal Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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14
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Nizami B, Tan W, Arias-Moreno X. In silico identification of novel PrfA inhibitors to fight listeriosis: A virtual screening and molecular dynamics studies. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 101:107728. [PMID: 32942202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is considered to be one of the most dangerous foodborne pathogens as it can cause listeriosis, a life-threatening human disease. While the incidence of listeriosis is very low its fatality rate is exceptionally high. Because many multi-resistance Listeria monocytogenes strains that do not respond to conventional antibiotic therapy have been recently described, development of new antimicrobials to fight listeriosis is necessary. The positive regulatory factor A (PrfA) is a key homodimeric transcription factor that modulates the transcription of multiple virulence factors which are ultimately responsible of Listeria monocytogenes' pathogenicity. In the present manuscript we describe several new potential PrfA inhibitors that were identified after performing ligand-based virtual screening followed by molecular docking calculations against the wild-type PrfA structure. The three top-scored drug-likeness inhibitors bound to the wild-type PrfA structure were further assessed by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Besides, the three top-scored inhibitors were docked into a constitutive active apoPrfA mutant structure and the corresponding complexes were also simulated by MD. According to the obtained data, PUBChem 87534955 (P875) and PUBChem 58473762 (P584) may not only bind and inhibit wild-type PrfA but the aforementioned apoPrfA mutant as well. Therefore, P875 and P584 might represent good starting points for the development of a completely new set of antimicrobial agents to treat listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Nizami
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1117, Budapest, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, Hungary
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xabier Arias-Moreno
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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15
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Ripolles-Avila C, Martínez-Garcia M, Capellas M, Yuste J, Fung DYC, Rodríguez-Jerez JJ. From hazard analysis to risk control using rapid methods in microbiology: A practical approach for the food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1877-1907. [PMID: 33337076 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of foodborne diseases is one of the main objectives of health authorities. To this effect, analytical techniques to detect and/or quantify the microbiological contamination of foods prior to their release onto the market are required. Management and control of foodborne pathogens have generally been based on conventional detection methodologies, which are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also involve high consumable materials costs. However, this management perspective has changed over time given that the food industry requires efficient analytical methods that obtain rapid results. This review covers the historical context of traditional methods and their passage in time through to the latest developments in rapid methods and their implementation in the food sector. Improvements and limitations in the detection of the most relevant pathogens are discussed from a perspective applicable to the current situation in the food industry. Considering efforts that are being done and recent developments, rapid and accurate methods already used in the food industry will be also affordable and portable and offer connectivity in near future, which improves decision-making and safety throughout the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ripolles-Avila
- Area of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Martínez-Garcia
- Area of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Capellas
- Area of Food Technology, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Yuste
- Area of Food Technology, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Y C Fung
- Call Hall, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - José-Juan Rodríguez-Jerez
- Area of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Chen Y, Chen M, Wang J, Wu Q, Cheng J, Zhang J, Sun Q, Xue L, Zeng H, Lei T, Pang R, Ye Q, Wu S, Zhang S, Wu H, Li W, Kou X. Heterogeneity, Characteristics, and Public Health Implications of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Foods and Pasteurized Milk in China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:642. [PMID: 32351479 PMCID: PMC7174501 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen with a high mortality rate in humans. This study aimed to identify the pathogenic potential of L. monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and pasteurized milk in China on the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Approximately 7.7% (44/570) samples tested positive for L. monocytogenes among 10.8% (39/360) RTE and 2.4% (5/210) pasteurized milk samples, of which 77.3% (34/44) had < 10 MPN/g, 18.2% (8/44) had 10-110 MPN/g, and 4.5% (2/44) had > 110 MPN/g. A total of 48 strains (43 from RTE foods and five from milk samples) of L. monocytogenes were isolated from 44 positive samples. PCR-serogroup analysis revealed that the most prevalent serogroup was II.2 (1/2b-3b-7), accounting for 52.1% (25/48) of the total, followed by serogroup I.1 (1/2a-3a) accounting for 33.3% (16/48), serogroup I.2 (1/2c-3c) accounting for 12.5% (6/48), and serogroup II.1 (4b-4d-4e) accounting for 2.1%. All isolates were grouped into 11 sequence types (STs) belonging to 10 clonal complexes (CCs) and one singleton (ST619) via multi-locus sequence typing. The most prevalent ST was ST87 (29.2%), followed by ST8 (22.9%), and ST9 (12.5%). Virulence genes determination showed that all isolates harbored eight virulence genes belonging to Listeria pathogenicity islands 1 (LIPI-1) (prfA, actA, hly, mpl, plcA, plcB, and iap) and inlB. Approximately 85.4% isolates carried full-length inlA, whereas seven isolates had premature stop codons in inlA, six of which belonged to ST9 and one to ST5. Furthermore, LLS (encoded by llsX gene, representing LIPI-3) displays bactericidal activity and modifies the host microbiota during infection. LIPI-4 enhances neural and placental tropisms of L. monocytogenes. Results showed that six (12.5%) isolates harbored the llsX gene, and they belonged to ST1/CC1, ST3/CC3, and ST619. Approximately 31.3% (15/48) isolates (belonging to ST87/CC87 and ST619) harbored ptsA (representing LIPI-4), indicating the potential risk of this pathogen. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that > 95% isolates were susceptible to 16 antimicrobials; however, 60.4 and 22.9% isolates were intermediately resistant to streptomycin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The results show that several isolates harbor LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 genes, which may be a possible transmission route for Listeria infections in consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetao Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianheng Cheng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qifan Sun
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academic of Science, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Company, Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Kou
- Infinitus (China) Company, Ltd., Guangzhou, China
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17
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Koutsoumanis K, Allende A, Alvarez‐Ordóñez A, Bolton D, Chemaly M, Davies R, De Cesare A, Herman L, Hilbert F, Lindqvist R, Nauta M, Peixe L, Ru G, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Suffredini E, Arason S, Bekaert K, García MR, Georgiadis M, Messens W, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Bover‐Cid S. The use of the so-called 'tubs' for transporting and storing fresh fishery products. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06091. [PMID: 32874299 PMCID: PMC7448070 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
On-land transport/storage of fresh fishery products (FFP) for up to 3 days in 'tubs' of three-layered poly-ethylene filled with freshwater and ice was compared to the currently authorised practice (fish boxes of high-density poly-ethylene filled with ice). The impact on the survival and growth of biological hazards in fish and the histamine production in fish species associated with a high amount of histidine was assessed. In different modelling scenarios, the FFP are stored on-board in freshwater or seawater/ice (in tubs) and once on-land they are 'handled' (i.e. sorted or gutted and/or filleted) and transferred to either tubs or boxes. The temperature of the FFP was assumed to be the most influential factor affecting relevant hazards. Under reasonably foreseeable 'abusive' scenarios and using a conservative modelling approach, the growth of the relevant hazards (i.e. Listeria monocytogenes, Aeromonas spp. and non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum), is expected to be < 0.2 log10 units higher in tubs than in boxes after 3 days when the initial temperature of the fish is 0°C ('keeping' process). Starting at 7°C ('cooling-keeping' process), the expected difference in the growth potential is higher (< 1 log10 for A. hydrophila and < 0.5 log10 for the other two hazards) due to the poorer cooling capacity of water and ice (tub) compared with ice (box). The survival of relevant hazards is not or is negligibly impacted. Histamine formation due to growth of Morganella psychrotolerans under the 'keeping' or 'cooling-keeping' process can be up to 0.4 ppm and 1.5 ppm higher, respectively, in tubs as compared to boxes after 3 days, without reaching the legal limit of 100 ppm. The water uptake associated with the storage of the FFP in tubs (which may be up to 6%) does not make a relevant contribution to the differences in microbial growth potential compared to boxes.
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18
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Hölzel CS, Tetens JL, Schwaiger K. Unraveling the Role of Vegetables in Spreading Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria: A Need for Quantitative Risk Assessment. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 15:671-688. [PMID: 30444697 PMCID: PMC6247988 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, vegetables gain consumer attraction due to their reputation of being healthy in combination with low energy density. However, since fresh produce is often eaten raw, it may also be a source for foodborne illness. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria might pose a particular risk to the consumer. Therefore, this review aims to present the current state of knowledge concerning the exposure of humans to antibiotic-resistant bacteria via food of plant origin for quantitative risk assessment purposes. The review provides a critical overview of available information on hazard identification and characterization, exposure assessment, and risk prevention with special respect to potential sources of contamination and infection chains. Several comprehensive studies are accessible regarding major antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens (e.g., Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli) and other bacteria (e.g., further Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Gram-positive cocci). These studies revealed vegetables to be a potential—although rare—vector for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, mcr1-positive E. coli, colistin- and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, linezolid-resistant enterococci and staphylococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Even if this provides first clues for assessing the risk related to vegetable-borne antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, the literature research reveals important knowledge gaps affecting almost every part of risk assessment and management. Especially, the need for (comparable) quantitative data as well as data on possible contamination sources other than irrigation water, organic fertilizer, and soil becomes obvious. Most crucially, dose–response studies would be needed to convert a theoretical “risk” (e.g., related to antimicrobial-resistant commensals and opportunistic pathogens) into a quantitative risk estimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Susanne Hölzel
- 1 Animal Hygiene and Animal Health Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel (CAU) , Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Louisa Tetens
- 1 Animal Hygiene and Animal Health Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel (CAU) , Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Schwaiger
- 2 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Food Safety, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU) , Munich, Germany
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19
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Zhang Y, Dong S, Chen H, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Xu Z, Zhan L, Mei L. Prevalence, Genotypic Characteristics and Antibiotic Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes From Retail Foods in Bulk in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1710. [PMID: 31402906 PMCID: PMC6672743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen causing public concern. A total of 3354 retail foods in bulk were sampled and screened for L. monocytogenes. Seventy-three (2.2%) samples including 21 ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and 52 raw foods were confirmed positive for L. monocytogenes. Sushi and salmon sashimi occupied the top two slots in RTE foods with relatively high presence rate of 12.9 and 6.9%, respectively. Meanwhile, L. monocytogenes was found to be distributed unequally in raw foods; the presence rates in raw meat (3.5%) and poultry (3.8%) were significantly higher than that in raw seafood (1.3%). Notably, L. monocytogenes was not detected in raw freshwater food. The L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to four serotypes, 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b, with the most prevalent serotype being 1/2a (47.9%). Eighteen sequence types (STs) and eighteen virulence types (VTs) containing four newly assigned VTs (VT180, VT181, VT182, and VT183) were determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (MVLST). Among the 73 L. monocytogenes isolates, 23 (31.5%) belonged to epidemic clones (ECs) including ECI, ECIV, ECV, ECVI, ECVIII and ECXI among which ECV was predominant. Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed a high resistance rate (11.0%) to tetracycline. Moreover, we identified the distribution patterns of virulence genes of four Listeria pathogenicity islands (LIPI) in L. monocytogenes isolates. prfA, hly, plcA, plcB, mpl, actA genes in LIPI-1 and inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ genes in LIPI-2 were detected in approximately all L. monocytogenes isolates. The distribution of both LIPI-3 genes and LIPI-4 genes exhibited association with lineage and ST. LIPI-4 genes were present exclusively in ST87 isolates. Relatedness analysis revealed the absence of distinct association between STs, ECs, LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 distribution and specific food groups. This study provided fundamental data for Chinese food safety authorities to grasp the contamination status of L. monocytogenes in foods, assess the potential risk of this pathogen and further address the safety issue of retail foods in bulk in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shilei Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghu Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiancai Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Zhan
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Mei
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Zhang X, Niu Y, Liu Y, Lu Z, Wang D, Cui X, Chen Q, Ma X. Isolation and Characterization of Clinical Listeria monocytogenes in Beijing, China, 2014-2016. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:981. [PMID: 31139159 PMCID: PMC6517826 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen with a significant impact on public health worldwide. A great number of outbreaks caused by L. monocytogenes has been reported, especially in the United States, and European countries. However, listeriosis has not yet been included in notifiable disease in China, and thus information on this infection has been scarce among the Chinese population. In this study, we described a 3-year surveillance of listeriosis in Beijing, China. Fifty-six L. monocytogenes strains isolated from 49 clinical infectious cases (27 pregnancy-associated infections and 22 non-pregnancy-associated infections) were analyzed by serotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing between 2014 and 2016 in Beijing. The predominant serogroups were 1/2a,3a and 1/2b,3b,7 which accounted for 92% of the overall isolates. Four strains were serogroup 4b,4d,4e, isolated from patients with pregnancy-associated infections. Based on PFGE, these isolates were divided into 32 pulsotypes (PTs) and 3 clusters associated with serogroups. Ten PTs were represented by more than one isolate with PT09 containing the most number of isolates. MLST differentiated the isolates into 18 STs, without new ST designated. The three most common STs were ST8 (18.4%), ST5 (16.3%), and ST87 (12.2%), accounting for 46.9% of the isolates. STs prevalent in other parts of the world were also present in China such as ST1, ST2, ST5, ST8, and ST9 which caused maternal fetal infections or outbreaks. However, the STs and serogroup distribution of clinical L. monocytogenes in Beijing, China was different from those in other countries. Strains of ST1 and ST2 were isolated from patients with pregnancy-associated infection, whereas none of ST155 isolates caused pregnancy-associated cases. Surveillance of molecular characterization will provide important information for prevention of listeriosis. This study also enhances our understanding of genetic diversity of clinical L. monocytogenes in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Niu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhu Liu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing, China
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21
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Chen M, Cheng J, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zeng H, Xue L, Lei T, Pang R, Wu S, Wu H, Zhang S, Wei X, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Wu Q. Isolation, Potential Virulence, and Population Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes From Meat and Meat Products in China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:946. [PMID: 31134008 PMCID: PMC6514097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a globally notorious foodborne pathogen. This study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect L. monocytogenes from meat and meat products in China and to establish their virulence profiles and population diversity. From 1212 meat and meat product samples, 362 (29.9%) were positive for L. monocytogenes. Of these positive samples, 90.6% (328/362) had less than 10 MPN/g, 5.5% (20/364) samples had 10-110 MPN/g, and 3.9% (14/362) of the positive samples had over 110 MPN/g. Serogroup analysis showed that the most prevalent serogroup of L. monocytogenes was I.1 (1/2a-3a), which accounted for 45.0% (123/458) of the total, followed by serogroup I.2 (1/2c-3c) that comprised 26.9%, serogroup II.1 (4b-4d-4e) that comprised 4.8%, and serogroup II.2 (1/2b-3b-7) that comprised 23.3%. A total of 458 isolates were grouped into 35 sequence types (STs) that belonged to 25 clonal complexes (CCs) and one singleton (ST619) by multi-locus sequence typing. The most prevalent ST was ST9 (26.9%), followed by ST8 (17.9%), ST87 (15.3%), ST155 (9.4%), and ST121 (7.6%). Thirty-seven isolates harbored the llsX gene (representing LIPI-3), and they belonged to ST1/CC1, ST3/CC3, ST288/CC288, ST323/CC288, ST330/CC288, ST515/CC1, and ST619, among which ST323/CC288, ST330/CC288, and ST515/CC1 were newly reported to carry LIPI-3. Seventy-five isolates carried ptsA, and they belonged to ST87/CC87, ST88/CC88, and ST619, indicating that consumers may be exposed to potential hypervirulent L. monocytogenes. Antibiotics susceptibility tests revealed that over 90% of the isolates were susceptible to 11 antibiotics; however, 40.0% of the isolates exhibited resistance against ampicillin and 11.8% against tetracycline; further, 45.0 and 4.6% were intermediate resistant and resistant to ciprofloxacin, respectively. The rise of antibiotic resistance in L. monocytogenes suggests that stricter regulations should be formulated to restrict the use of antibiotic agents in human listeriosis treatment and livestock breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianheng Cheng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuetao Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhu Wei
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youxiong Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Chen M, Cheng J, Wu Q, Zhang J, Chen Y, Xue L, Lei T, Zeng H, Wu S, Ye Q, Bai J, Wang J. Occurrence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Population Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated From Fresh Aquatic Products in China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2215. [PMID: 30283429 PMCID: PMC6157410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important Gram-positive foodborne pathogen. However, limited information is available on the comprehensive investigation and potential risk of L. monocytogenes in fresh aquatic products, which are popular to consumers in China. This study aimed to determine the occurrence, virulence profiles, and population diversity of L. monocytogenes isolated from aquatic products in China. In total, 846 aquatic product samples were collected between July 2011 and April 2016 from 43 cities in China. Approximately 7.92% (67/846) aquatic product samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, 86.57% positive samples ranged from 0.3 to 10 MPN/g, whereas 5.97% showed over 110 MPN/g by the Most Probable Number method, which included two samples of products intended to be eaten raw. Serogroups I.1 (serotype 1/2a), I.2 (serotype 1/2b), and III (serotype 4c) were the predominant serogroups isolated, whereas serogroup II.1 (serotype 4b) was detected at much lower frequencies. Examination of antibacterial resistance showed that nine antibacterial resistance profiles were exhibited in 72 isolates, a high level susceptibility of 16 tested antibiotics against L. monocytogenes were observed, indicating these common antibacterial agents are still effective for treating L. monocytogenes infection. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that ST299, ST87, and ST8 are predominant in aquatic products, indicating that the rare ST299 (serotype 4c) may have a special ecological niche in aquatic products and associated environments. Except llsX and ptsA, the 72 isolates harbor nine virulence genes (prfA, actA, hly, plcA, plcB, iap, mpl, inlA, and inlB), premature stop codons (PMSCs) in inlA were found in four isolates, three of which belonged to ST9. A novel PMSC was found in 2929-1LM with a nonsense mutation at position 1605 (TGG→TGA). All ST87 isolates harbored the ptsA gene, whereas 8 isolates (11.11%) carried the llsX gene, and mainly belonged to ST1, ST3, ST308, ST323, ST330, and ST619. Taken together, these results first reported potential virulent L. monocytogenes isolates (ST8 and ST87) were predominant in aquatic products which may have implications for public health in China. It is thus necessary to perform continuous surveillance for L. monocytogenes in aquatic products in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuetao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Li W, Bai L, Fu P, Han H, Liu J, Guo Y. The Epidemiology ofListeria monocytogenesin China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:459-466. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bai
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Haihong Han
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Jikai Liu
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Yunchang Guo
- Division of Foodborne Disease Surveillance, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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24
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Chen M, Cheng J, Wu Q, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zeng H, Ye Q, Wu S, Cai S, Wang J, Ding Y. Prevalence, Potential Virulence, and Genetic Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates From Edible Mushrooms in Chinese Markets. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1711. [PMID: 30100901 PMCID: PMC6072871 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular foodborne pathogen, is capable of causing listeriosis, such as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and abortion. In recent years, the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in edible mushroom products has been reported in several countries. There are no guidelines for qualitative and quantitative detection of L. monocytogenes in mushroom products in China. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and contamination level of L. monocytogenes in edible mushrooms in Chinese markets and to determine the antibiotic resistance and sequence types (STs) of these isolates to provide data for risk assessments. Approximately 21.20% (141/665) of edible mushroom samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, while 57.44% (81/141) of positive samples contained contamination levels of less than 10 MPN/g. The 180 isolates derived from positive samples belonged to serogroup I.1 (1/2a-3a, n = 111), followed by serogroup II.2 (1/2b-3b-7, n = 66), and serogroup III (4a-4c, n = 3). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that over 95% of L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, and clindamycin, while over 90% were susceptible to 16 antibiotic agents, the mechanisms of resistance remain to be elucidated. According to multilocus sequencing typing, the 180 isolates represented 21 STs, one of which was identified for the first time. Interestingly, ST8 and ST87 were predominant in edible mushroom products, indicating that specific STs may have distinct ecological niches. Potential virulence profiles showed that most of the isolates contained full-length inlA genes, with novel premature stop codons found in isolate 2035-1LM (position 1380, TGG→TGA) and 3419-1LM (position 1474, CAG→TAG). Five isolates belonging to serogroup II.2 carried the llsX gene from Listeria pathogenicity island (LIPI)-3, present in ST224, ST3, and ST619; 53 (29.44%) harbored the ptsA gene from LIPI-4, presenting in ST3, ST5, ST87, ST310, ST1166, and ST619. Five potential hypervirulent isolates carrying all three of these virulence factors were identified, suggesting edible mushrooms may serve as possible transmission routes of potential hypervirulent L. monocytogenes, which may be of great public health concern to consumers. Based on our findings, the exploration of novel approaches to control L. monocytogenes contamination is necessary to ensure the microbiological safety of edible mushroom products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuetao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Ling N, Li C, Zhang J, Wu Q, Zeng H, He W, Ye Y, Wang J, Ding Y, Chen M, Xue L, Ye Q, Guo W. Prevalence and Molecular and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Cronobacter spp. Isolated From Raw Vegetables in China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1149. [PMID: 29922254 PMCID: PMC5996200 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. is a foodborne pathogen that causes life-threatening and invasive diseases, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, meningitis, and sepsis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Cronobacter spp. in raw vegetables marketed in China. Based on dietary habits in China, 403 raw vegetables that could be eaten without additional cooking were collected. Of the 403 samples tested, 122 (30.27%) were positive for Cronobacter spp., and the contamination levels exceeded 110 most probable number (MPN)/g for 16.39% (20/122) of the samples. Coriander samples had the highest contamination rate of 52.81%, and the MPN values of 19.15% of positive coriander samples exceeded 100 MPN/g. Eleven serotypes were identified among 171 isolates, with Cronobacter sakazakii serogroup O1 (41 isolates) being the dominant serotype. Molecular characterization indicated that there was quite high genetic diversity in Cronobacter spp., and multilocus sequence typing analyses yielded 106 sequence types (STs), 55 of which were newly identified. Notably, the most prevalent ST (eight isolates) was C. malonaticus ST60, which appeared in a recent clinical infectious disease study in China. Five C. sakazakii ST4, seven C. malonaticus ST7, and three C. sakazakii ST8 confirmed as pathogenic STs in other countries were also detected in this study. Furthermore, all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem, but some isolates exhibited a high ratio of resistance to cephalothin (59.65%). In this study, the high contamination rate and the detection of pathogenic and new STs in raw vegetables indicated potential hazards to customers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to provide valuable information on the contamination status of Cronobacter spp. in vegetables that can be eaten raw in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengsi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Li H, Wang P, Lan R, Luo L, Cao X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li H, Zhang L, Ji S, Ye C. Risk Factors and Level of Listeria monocytogenes Contamination of Raw Pork in Retail Markets in China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1090. [PMID: 29896170 PMCID: PMC5986919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes can contaminate various foods via food processing environments and contamination of raw materials. There is a limited understanding of L. monocytogenes transmission in retail market and the role of insects in L. monocytogenes transmission in the retail environments. To better understand the risk factors of raw pork contamination, the prevalence of L. monocytogenes was examined in raw pork, retail environments and insects in a retail market over a 6-month period from March to August in 2016 in Beijing, China. A total of 2,789 samples were collected, including 356 raw pork samples, 1,392 meat contact surface swabs (MCS), 712 non-meat contact surface swabs (NMCS) and 329 insect samples. Overall, 424 (15.20%) of the samples were found to be contaminated by L. monocytogenes. Analyzed by serotyping, multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the 424 L. monocytogenes isolates were divided into three serotypes (1/2c, 1/2a and 3a), 15 pulsotypes (PTs) and nine sequence types (STs), 1/2c/PT4/ST9 (244/424, 58%) was the most prevalent type of L. monocytogenes strains. The raw pork, MCS of the environments and insects were contaminated with higher levels of L. monocytogenes than NMCS of the environments, which suggested that cross contamination of L. monocytogenes between raw pork and the environment existed in the retail market, and long-term contaminated surfaces and vector insects would act as high risk factors to transmit L. monocytogenes to raw pork. Thus more effective strategies are needed to reduce the risk of retail pork meat contamination by L. monocytogenes and prevent foodborne human listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lijuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Beijing Changping Institute for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shunshi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Changyun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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27
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Prevalence and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates in Raw Milk, Heated Milk and Nunu, a Spontaneously Fermented Milk Beverage, in Ghana. BEVERAGES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages4020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Liu
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Shi
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
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29
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Burall LS, Chen Y, Macarisin D, Pouillot R, Strain E, De Jesus AJ, Laasri A, Wang H, Ali L, Tatavarthy A, Zhang G, Hu L, Day J, Kang J, Sahu S, Grim CJ, Srinivasan D, Parish M, Evans PS, Brown EW, Hammack TS, Zink D, Datta AR. Enumeration and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in novelty ice cream samples manufactured on a specific production line linked to a listeriosis outbreak. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Braga V, Vázquez S, Vico V, Pastorino V, Mota MI, Legnani M, Schelotto F, Lancibidad G, Varela G. Prevalence and serotype distribution of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from foods in Montevideo-Uruguay. Braz J Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28629969 PMCID: PMC5628299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in foods obtained in retail shops and food industries located in Montevideo-Uruguay, and to identify the serogroups of the obtained isolates. Three-thousand one-hundred and seventy-five food samples (frozen, deli meats, ready-to-eat and cheese) were analyzed. The obtained isolates were serogrouped by multiplex PCR and serotyped by conventional procedure. Genetic comparisons were performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis on a sub-set of isolates belonging to the same serotype successively recovered from the same establishment. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 11.2% of samples. The highest prevalence was observed in frozen foods (38%), followed by cheese (10%). 1/2b and 4b were the most frequently identified serotypes. In six of 236 analyzed establishments we successively recovered L. monocytogenes isolates belonging to the same serotype. Most of them corresponded to serotype 1/2b. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles suggest that at least 33% of L. monocytogenes 1/2b isolates are genetically related and that may remain viable for prolonged periods. The observed prevalence of L. monocytogenes was lower than reported in neighboring countries. Our findings highlight the role that frozen foods may play in the spread of this pathogen, and the relevance of serotypes 1/2b and 4b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Braga
- Laboratorio de Bromatología - Intendencia de Montevideo, Isla de Flores 1323, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología - Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina - UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sylvia Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Bromatología - Intendencia de Montevideo, Isla de Flores 1323, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Victoria Vico
- Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología - Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina - UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria Pastorino
- Laboratorio de Bromatología - Intendencia de Montevideo, Isla de Flores 1323, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Inés Mota
- Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología - Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina - UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcela Legnani
- Laboratorio de Bromatología - Intendencia de Montevideo, Isla de Flores 1323, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Felipe Schelotto
- Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología - Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina - UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gustavo Lancibidad
- Laboratorio de Bromatología - Intendencia de Montevideo, Isla de Flores 1323, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gustavo Varela
- Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología - Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina - UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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31
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Burall LS, Grim CJ, Datta AR. A clade of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b variant strains linked to recent listeriosis outbreaks associated with produce from a defined geographic region in the US. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176912. [PMID: 28464038 PMCID: PMC5413027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Four listeriosis incidences/outbreaks, spanning 19 months, have been linked to Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b variant (4bV) strains. Three of these incidents can be linked to a defined geographical region, while the fourth is likely to be linked. In this study, whole genome sequencing (WGS) of strains from these incidents was used for genomic comparisons using two approached. The first was JSpecies tetramer, which analyzed tetranucleotide frequency to assess relatedness. The second, the CFSAN SNP Pipeline, was used to perform WGS SNP analyses against three different reference genomes to evaluate relatedness by SNP distances. In each case, unrelated strains were included as controls. The analyses showed that strains from these incidents form a highly related clade with SNP differences of ≤101 within the clade and >9000 against other strains. Multi-Virulence-Locus Sequence Typing, a third standardized approach for evaluation relatedness, was used to assess the genetic drift in six conserved, known virulence loci and showed a different clustering pattern indicating possible differences in selection pressure experienced by these genes. These data suggest a high degree of relatedness among these 4bV strains linked to a defined geographic region and also highlight the possibility of alterations related to adaptation and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel S. Burall
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration Laurel, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LSB); (ARD)
| | - Christopher J. Grim
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration Laurel, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Atin R. Datta
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration Laurel, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LSB); (ARD)
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