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Zhao W, Wang X, Yang B, Wang Y, Li Z, Bao X. Unravel the regulatory mechanism of Yrr1p phosphorylation in response to vanillin stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:48. [PMID: 36899374 PMCID: PMC10007725 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to vanillin, derived from lignin, will benefit the design of robust cell factories for lignocellulosic biorefining. The transcription factor Yrr1p mediates S. cerevisiae resistance to various compounds. In this study, eleven predicted phosphorylation sites were mutated, among which 4 mutants of Yrr1p, Y134A/E and T185A/E could improve vanillin resistance. Both dephosphorylated and phosphorylated mutations at Yrr1p 134 and 185 gathered in the nucleus regardless of the presence or absence of vanillin. However, the phosphorylated mutant Yrr1p inhibited target gene expression, while dephosphorylated mutants promoted expression. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the dephosphorylated Yrr1p T185 mutant, under vanillin stress, upregulated ribosome biogenesis and rRNA processing. These results demonstrate the mechanism by which Yrr1p phosphorylation regulates the expression of target genes. The identification of key phosphorylation sites in Yrr1p offers novel targets for the rational construction of Yrr1p mutants to improve resistance to other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xinning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Library, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Bolun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zailu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China.
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2
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Lignin Valorization: Production of High Value-Added Compounds by Engineered Microorganisms. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is the second most abundant polymer in nature, which is also widely generated during biomass fractionation in lignocellulose biorefineries. At present, most of technical lignin is simply burnt for energy supply although it represents the richest natural source of aromatics, and thus it is a promising feedstock for generation of value-added compounds. Lignin is heterogeneous in composition and recalcitrant to degradation, with this substantially hampering its use. Notably, microbes have evolved particular enzymes and specialized metabolic pathways to degrade this polymer and metabolize its various aromatic components. In recent years, novel pathways have been designed allowing to establish engineered microbial cell factories able to efficiently funnel the lignin degradation products into few metabolic intermediates, representing suitable starting points for the synthesis of a variety of valuable molecules. This review focuses on recent success cases (at the laboratory/pilot scale) based on systems metabolic engineering studies aimed at generating value-added and specialty chemicals, with much emphasis on the production of cis,cis-muconic acid, a building block of recognized industrial value for the synthesis of plastic materials. The upgrade of this global waste stream promises a sustainable product portfolio, which will become an industrial reality when economic issues related to process scale up will be tackled.
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3
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Zhao F, Zhang Y, Hu J, Shi C, Ao X, Wang S, Lin Y, Sun Z, Han S. Disruption of phosphate metabolism and sterol transport-related genes conferring yeast resistance to vanillin and rapid ethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128489. [PMID: 36528179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin is a potent growth-inhibiting factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during lignocellulose biorefineries. Here, a haploid gene-deletion library was screened to search for vanillin-tolerant mutants and explain the possible tolerance mechanisms. Twenty-two deletion mutants were identified. The deleted genes in these mutants were involved in phosphate and inositol polyphosphate metabolism and intracellular sterol transport. Activation of the phosphate signaling pathway is not conducive to yeast against the pressure of vanillin. Furthermore, the findings indicate the role of inositol polyphosphates in altering vanillin tolerance by regulating phosphate metabolism. Meanwhile, reducing the transport of sterols from the plasma membrane enhanced tolerance to vanillin. In the presence of vanillin, the representative yeast deletions, pho84Δ and lam3Δ, showed good growth performance and promoted rapid ethanol production. Overall, this study identifies robust yeast strain alternatives for ethanol fermentation of cellulose and provides guidance for further genomic reconstruction of yeast strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shengding Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Fleming Biological Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Nanning, 530031, China
| | - Shuangyan Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Synergistic effects of inhibitors and osmotic stress during high gravity bioethanol production from steam-exploded lignocellulosic feedstocks. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ishikawa Y, Nishino S, Fukuda S, Nguyet VTA, Izawa S. Severe ethanol stress induces the preferential synthesis of mitochondrial disaggregase Hsp78 and formation of DUMPs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Carregosa D, Mota S, Ferreira S, Alves-Dias B, Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic N, Crespo CL, Menezes R, Teodoro R, dos Santos CN. Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms. Nutrients 2021; 13:2940. [PMID: 34578818 PMCID: PMC8464690 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of neurodegenerative diseases in an aging population is an increasing problem of health, social and economic consequences. Epidemiological and intervention studies have demonstrated that diets rich in (poly)phenols can have potent health benefits on cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Meanwhile, the role of gut microbiota is ever more evident in modulating the catabolism of (poly)phenols to dozens of low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites that have been identified in plasma and urine. These metabolites can reach circulation in higher concentrations than parent (poly)phenols and persist for longer periods of time. However, studies addressing their potential brain effects are still lacking. In this review, we will discuss different model organisms that have been used to study how low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites affect neuronal related mechanisms gathering critical insight on their potential to tackle the major hallmarks of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Carregosa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Sara Mota
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia Ferreira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- CBIOS, University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Alves-Dias
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Natasa Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Carolina Lage Crespo
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Regina Menezes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
- CBIOS, University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Teodoro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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7
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Cao W, Zhao W, Yang B, Wang X, Shen Y, Wei T, Qin W, Li Z, Bao X. Proteomic analysis revealed the roles of YRR1 deletion in enhancing the vanillin resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:142. [PMID: 34301255 PMCID: PMC8305865 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vanillin is one of the important phenolic inhibitors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials and has been reported to inhibit the translation process in cells. In our previous studies, it was confirmed that the deletion of the transcription factor gene YRR1 enhanced vanillin resistance by promoting some translation-related processes at the transcription level. In this work, we investigated the effects of proteomic changes upon induction of vanillin stress and deletion of YRR1 to provide unique perspectives from a transcriptome analysis for comprehending the mechanisms of YRR1 deletion in the protective response of yeast to vanillin. RESULTS In wild-type cells, vanillin reduced two dozens of ribosomal proteins contents while upregulated proteins involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose phosphate pathway in cells. The ratios of NADPH/NADP+ and NADH/NAD+ were increased when cells responded to vanillin stress. The differentially expressed proteins perturbed by YRR1 deletion were much more abundant than and showed no overlaps with transcriptome changes, indicating that Yrr1 affects the synthesis of certain proteins. Forty-eight of 112 upregulated proteins were involved in the stress response, translational and transcriptional regulation. YRR1 deletion increased the expression of HAA1-encoding transcriptional activator, TMA17-encoding proteasome assembly chaperone and MBF1-encoding coactivator at the protein level, as confirmed by ELISA. Cultivation data showed that the overexpression of HAA1 and TMA17 enhanced resistance to vanillin in S. cerevisiae. CONCLUSIONS Cells conserve energy by decreasing the content of ribosomal proteins, producing more energy and NAD(P)H for survival in response to vanillin stress. Yrr1 improved vanillin resistance by increasing the protein quantities of Haa1, Tma17 and Mbf1. These results showed the response of S. cerevisiae to vanillin and how YRR1 deletion increases vanillin resistance at the protein level. These findings may advance our knowledge of how YRR1 deletion protects yeast from vanillin stress and offer novel targets for genetic engineering of designing inhibitor-resistant ethanologenic yeast strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Weiquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Bolun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xinning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China.
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Tiandi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Zailu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250353, China
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8
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Effect of microaeration on cell growth and glucose/xylose fermentation of Kluyveromyces marxianus from the imitate lignocellulosic-derived hydrolysate. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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9
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Fletcher E, Baetz K. Multi-Faceted Systems Biology Approaches Present a Cellular Landscape of Phenolic Compound Inhibition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:539902. [PMID: 33154962 PMCID: PMC7591714 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.539902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology has played a major role in engineering microbial cell factories to convert plant biomass (lignocellulose) to fuels and bioproducts by fermentation. However, the final product yield is limited by inhibition of microbial growth and fermentation by toxic phenolic compounds generated during lignocellulosic pre-treatment and hydrolysis. Advances in the development of systems biology technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) have rapidly resulted in large datasets which are necessary to obtain a holistic understanding of complex biological processes underlying phenolic compound toxicity. Here, we review and compare different systems biology tools that have been utilized to identify molecular mechanisms that modulate phenolic compound toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By focusing on and comparing functional genomics and transcriptomics approaches we identify common mechanisms potentially underlying phenolic toxicity. Additionally, we discuss possible ways by which integration of data obtained across multiple unbiased approaches can result in new avenues to develop yeast strains with a significant improvement in tolerance to phenolic fermentation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Fletcher
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kristin Baetz
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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Valdetara F, Škalič M, Fracassetti D, Louw M, Compagno C, du Toit M, Foschino R, Petrovič U, Divol B, Vigentini I. Transcriptomics unravels the adaptive molecular mechanisms of Brettanomyces bruxellensis under SO2 stress in wine condition. Food Microbiol 2020; 90:103483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Liang Z, Wang X, Bao X, Wei T, Hou J, Liu W, Shen Y. Newly identified genes contribute to vanillin tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 14:503-516. [PMID: 32729986 PMCID: PMC7936312 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the mechanisms of tolerance in microorganisms to vanillin, which is derived from lignin, will benefit the design of robust cell factories that produce biofuels and chemicals using lignocellulosic materials. Our objective was to identify the genes related to vanillin tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We investigated the effects on vanillin tolerance of several genes that have site mutations in the highly vanillin‐tolerant strain EMV‐8 compared to its parental line NAN‐27. The results showed that overexpression of GCY1, a gene that encodes an aldo‐keto reductase that also has mRNA‐binding activity, YPR1, a paralog of GCY1 that encodes an aldo‐keto reductase, PEX5, a gene that encodes a peroxisomal membrane signal receptor and MBF1, a gene that encodes a multiprotein bridging factor increase the specific growth rates (μ) by 49%, 41%, 44% and 48 %, respectively, in medium containing 6 mmol l−1 vanillin. Among these gene products, Gcy1p and Ypr1p showed NADPH‐dependent and NAD(P)H‐dependent vanillin reductase activity, respectively. The reductase‐inactive mutant Gcy1pY56F also increased vanillin tolerance in S. cerevisiae, suggesting that other mechanisms exist. Although TRS85 and PEX5, genes for which the mRNAs are binding targets of Gcy1p, were shown to be related to vanillin tolerance, both the mRNA and protein levels of these genes were not changed by overexpression of GCY1. The relationship between the mRNA‐binding activity of Gcy1p and its positive effect on vanillin tolerance is still not clear. Finally, we found that the point mutation D112A in Mbf1p, which disrupts the binding of Mbf1p and the TATA element‐binding protein (TBP), did not decrease the positive effect of Mbf1p on vanillin tolerance. This indicates that the binding of Mbf1p and TBP is not necessary for the positive effect on vanillin tolerance mediated by Mbf1p. We have successfully identified new genes related to vanillin tolerance and provided novel targets that can be used to improve the vanillin tolerance of S. cerevisiae. Moreover, we have extended our understanding of the proteins encoded by these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xinning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qi Lu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qi Lu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Tiandi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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12
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de Witt RN, Kroukamp H, Volschenk H. Proteome response of two natural strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with divergent lignocellulosic inhibitor stress tolerance. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 19:5145847. [PMID: 30371771 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with improved tolerance to plant hydrolysates are of utmost importance for the cost-competitive production of value-added chemicals and fuels. However, engineering strategies are constrained by a lack of understanding of the yeast response to complex inhibitor mixtures. Natural S. cerevisiae isolates display niche-specific phenotypic and metabolic diversity, encoded in their DNA, which has evolved to overcome external stresses, utilise available resources and ultimately thrive in their challenging environments. Industrial and laboratory strains, however, lack these adaptations due to domestication. Natural strains can serve as a valuable resource to mitigate engineering constraints by studying the molecular mechanisms involved in phenotypic variance and instruct future industrial strain improvement to lignocellulosic hydrolysates. We, therefore, investigated the proteomic changes between two natural S. cerevisiae isolates when exposed to a lignocellulosic inhibitor mixture. Comparative shotgun proteomics revealed that isolates respond by regulating a similar core set of proteins in response to inhibitor stress. Furthermore, superior tolerance was linked to NAD(P)/H and energy homeostasis, concurrent with inhibitor and reactive oxygen species detoxification processes. We present several candidate proteins within the redox homeostasis and energy management cellular processes as possible targets for future modification and study. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010868.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N de Witt
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, De Beer Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - H Kroukamp
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Rd, North Ryde NSW 2109, Australia
| | - H Volschenk
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, De Beer Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, Western Cape, South Africa
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13
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Wang H, Li Q, Kuang X, Xiao D, Han X, Hu X, Li X, Ma M. Functions of aldehyde reductases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in detoxification of aldehyde inhibitors and their biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10439-10456. [PMID: 30306200 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to high-value bioproducts by fermentative microorganisms has drawn extensive attentions worldwide. Lignocellulosic biomass cannot be efficiently utilized by microorganisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but has to be pretreated prior to fermentation. Aldehyde compounds, as the by-products generated in the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass, are considered as the most important toxic inhibitors to S. cerevisiae cells for their growth and fermentation. Aldehyde group in the aldehyde inhibitors, including furan aldehydes, aliphatic aldehydes, and phenolic aldehydes, is identified as the toxic factor. It has been demonstrated that S. cerevisiae has the ability to in situ detoxify aldehydes to their corresponding less or non-toxic alcohols. This reductive reaction is catalyzed by the NAD(P)H-dependent aldehyde reductases. In recent years, detoxification of aldehyde inhibitors by S. cerevisiae has been extensively studied and a huge progress has been made. This mini-review summarizes the classifications and structural features of the characterized aldehyde reductases from S. cerevisiae, their catalytic abilities to exogenous and endogenous aldehydes and effects of metal ions, chemical protective additives, and salts on enzyme activities, subcellular localization of the aldehyde reductases and their possible roles in protection of the subcellular organelles, and transcriptional regulation of the aldehyde reductase genes by the key stress-response transcription factors. Cofactor preference of the aldehyde reductases and their molecular mechanisms and efficient supply pathways of cofactors, as well as biotechnological applications of the aldehyde reductases in the detoxification of aldehyde inhibitors derived from pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, are also included or supplemented in this mini-review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Kuang
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Difan Xiao
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebing Han
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Menggen Ma
- Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Nguyen TTM, Ishida Y, Kato S, Iwaki A, Izawa S. The VFH1
(YLL056C
) promoter is vanillin-inducible and enables mRNA translation despite pronounced translation repression caused by severe vanillin stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2018; 35:465-475. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Trinh Thi My Nguyen
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology; University of Science, Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City; Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan
| | - Sae Kato
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan
| | - Aya Iwaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan
| | - Shingo Izawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan
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15
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Wu W, Liu F, Singh S. Toward engineering E. coli with an autoregulatory system for lignin valorization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:2970-2975. [PMID: 29500185 PMCID: PMC5866589 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720129115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient lignin valorization could add more than 10-fold the value gained from burning it for energy and is critical for economic viability of future biorefineries. However, lignin-derived aromatics from biomass pretreatment are known to be potent fermentation inhibitors in microbial production of fuels and other value-added chemicals. In addition, isopropyl-β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside and other inducers are routinely added into fermentation broth to induce the expression of pathway enzymes, which further adds to the overall process cost. An autoregulatory system that can diminish the aromatics' toxicity as well as be substrate-inducible can be the key for successful integration of lignin valorization into future lignocellulosic biorefineries. Toward that goal, in this study an autoregulatory system is demonstrated that alleviates the toxicity issue and eliminates the cost of an external inducer. Specifically, this system is composed of a catechol biosynthesis pathway coexpressed with an active aromatic transporter CouP under induction by a vanillin self-inducible promoter, ADH7, to effectively convert the lignin-derived aromatics into value-added chemicals using Escherichia coli as a host. The constructed autoregulatory system can efficiently transport vanillin across the cell membrane and convert it to catechol. Compared with the system without CouP expression, the expression of catechol biosynthesis pathway with transporter CouP significantly improved the catechol yields about 30% and 40% under promoter pTrc and ADH7, respectively. This study demonstrated an aromatic-induced autoregulatory system that enabled conversion of lignin-derived aromatics into catechol without the addition of any costly, external inducers, providing a promising and economically viable route for lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wu
- Biomass Science & Conversion Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550
| | - Fang Liu
- Biomass Science & Conversion Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550
| | - Seema Singh
- Biomass Science & Conversion Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550;
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
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16
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Ravi K, García-Hidalgo J, Nöbel M, Gorwa-Grauslund MF, Lidén G. Biological conversion of aromatic monolignol compounds by a Pseudomonas isolate from sediments of the Baltic Sea. AMB Express 2018; 8:32. [PMID: 29500726 PMCID: PMC5834416 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0563-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial strains were isolated from the sediments of the Baltic Sea using ferulic acid, guaiacol or a lignin-rich softwood waste stream as substrate. In total nine isolates were obtained, five on ferulic acid, two on guaiacol and two on a lignin-rich softwood stream as a carbon source. Three of the isolates were found to be Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Among them, isolate 9.1, which showed the fastest growth in defined M9 medium, was tentatively identified as a Pseudomonas deceptionensis strain based on the gyrB sequencing. The growth of isolate 9.1 was further examined on six selected lignin model compounds (ferulate, p-coumarate, benzoate, syringate, vanillin and guaiacol) from different upper funneling aromatic pathways and was found able to grow on four out of these six compounds. No growth was detected on syringate and guaiacol. The highest specific growth and uptake rates were observed for benzoate (0.3 h-1 and 4.2 mmol g CDW-1 h-1) whereas the lowest were for the compounds from the coniferyl branch. Interestingly, several pathway intermediates were excreted during batch growth. Vanillyl alcohol was found to be excreted during growth on vanillin. Several other intermediates like cis,cis-muconate, catechol, vanillate and 4-hydroxybenzoate from the known bacterial catabolic pathways were excreted during growth on the model compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Ravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Javier García-Hidalgo
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Nöbel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie F. Gorwa-Grauslund
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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17
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Lu ZM, Zhu Q, Li HX, Geng Y, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Vanillin Promotes the Germination of Antrodia camphorata Arthroconidia through PKA and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2048. [PMID: 29109709 PMCID: PMC5660099 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild fruiting bodies of medicinal mushroom Antrodia camphorata are only found on the endemic species bull camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, in Taiwan. Despite the evident importance of the host components in promoting the growth of A. camphorata, insights into the underlying mechanisms are still lacking. Here, we first evaluated effects of the compounds from C. kanehirai, C. camphora, and A. camphorata, and their structural analogs on the germination rate of A. camphorata arthroconidia. Among the 54 tested compounds, vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) was determined as the optimum germination promoter, while o-vanillin and 1-octen-3-ol as major negative regulators of arthroconidia germination. Second, the protein patterns of arthroconidia after 24 h of incubation in the presence or absence of vanillin were compared via isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics. Via bioinformatic analysis, it was found that 61 proteins might relate to the germination of arthroconidia, in which 16 proteins might involve in two potential protein kinase A (PKA) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in the vanillin-promoted germination of A. camphorata arthroconidia. Last, the mRNA expression levels of the 16 germination-related genes in the potential PKA and MAPK signaling pathways were analyzed by quantitative real time PCR. Together, our results are beneficial for the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying the germination of A. camphorata arthroconidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ming Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hua-Xiang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Geng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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18
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Ishida Y, Nguyen TTM, Izawa S. The yeast ADH7 promoter enables gene expression under pronounced translation repression caused by the combined stress of vanillin, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. J Biotechnol 2017; 252:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Wang X, Liang Z, Hou J, Shen Y, Bao X. The Absence of the Transcription Factor Yrr1p, Identified from Comparative Genome Profiling, Increased Vanillin Tolerance Due to Enhancements of ABC Transporters Expressing, rRNA Processing and Ribosome Biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:367. [PMID: 28360888 PMCID: PMC5352702 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibitors derived from lignocellulose is conducive to producing biofuel and chemicals using abundant lignocellulosic materials. Vanillin is a major type of phenolic inhibitor in lignocellulose hydrolysates for S. cerevisiae. In the present work, the factors beneficial to vanillin resistance in yeast were identified from the vanillin-resistant strain EMV-8, which was derived from strain NAN-27 by adaptive evolution. We found 450 SNPs and 44 genes with InDels in the vanillin-tolerant strain EMV-8 by comparing the genome sequences of EMV-8 and NAN-27. To investigate the effects of InDels, InDels were deleted in BY4741, respectively. We demonstrated that the deletion of YRR1 improved vanillin tolerance of strain. In the presence of 6 mM vanillin, deleting YRR1 increase the maximum specific growth rate and the vanillin consumption rate by 142 and 51%, respectively. The subsequent transcriptome analysis revealed that deleting YRR1 resulted in changed expression of over 200 genes in the presence of 5 mM vanillin. The most marked changes were the significant up-regulation of the dehydrogenase ADH7, several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and dozens of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and rRNA processing. Coincidently, the crude enzyme solution of BY4741(yrr1Δ) exhibited higher NADPH-dependent vanillin reduction activity than control. In addition, overexpressing the ABC transporter genes PDR5, YOR1, and SNQ2, as well as the RNA helicase gene DBP2, increased the vanillin tolerance of strain. Interestingly, unlike the marked changes we mentioned above, under vanillin-free conditions, there are only limited transcriptional differences between wildtype and yrr1Δ. This indicated that vanillin might act as an effector in Yrr1p-related regulatory processes. The new findings of the relationship between YRR1 and vanillin tolerance, as well as the contribution of rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis to enhancing S. cerevisiae vanillin tolerance, provide novel targets for genetic engineering manipulation to improve microbes' tolerance to lignocellulose hydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Jin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of TechnologyJinan, China
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20
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Ravi K, García-Hidalgo J, Gorwa-Grauslund MF, Lidén G. Conversion of lignin model compounds by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and isolates from compost. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5059-5070. [PMID: 28299400 PMCID: PMC5486835 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Starting from mature vegetable compost, four bacterial strains were selected using a lignin-rich medium. 16S ribosomal RNA identification of the isolates showed high score similarity with Pseudomonas spp. for three out of four isolates. Further characterization of growth on mixtures of six selected lignin model compounds (vanillin, vanillate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, p-coumarate, benzoate, and ferulate) was carried out with three of the Pseudomonas isolates and in addition with the strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440 from a culture collection. The specific growth rates on benzoate, p-coumarate, and 4-hydroxybenzoate were considerably higher (0.26–0.27 h−1) than those on ferulate and vanillate (0.21 and 0.22 h−1), as were the uptake rates. There was no direct growth of P. putida KT2440 on vanillin, but instead, vanillin was rapidly converted into vanillate at a rate of 4.87 mmol (gCDW h)−1 after which the accumulated vanillate was taken up. The growth curve reflected a diauxic growth when mixtures of the model compounds were used as carbon source. Vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzoate, and benzoate were preferentially consumed first, whereas ferulate was always the last substrate to be taken in. These results contribute to a better understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for the utilization of these bacteria as cell factories for upgrading lignin-derived mixtures of aromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Ravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Javier García-Hidalgo
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Marie F Gorwa-Grauslund
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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21
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Yamauchi Y, Izawa S. Prioritized Expression of BTN2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under Pronounced Translation Repression Induced by Severe Ethanol Stress. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1319. [PMID: 27602028 PMCID: PMC4993754 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe ethanol stress (>9% ethanol, v/v) as well as glucose deprivation rapidly induces a pronounced repression of overall protein synthesis in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Therefore, transcriptional activation in yeast cells under severe ethanol stress does not always indicate the production of expected protein levels. Messenger RNAs of genes containing heat shock elements can be intensively translated under glucose deprivation, suggesting that some mRNAs are preferentially translated even under severe ethanol stress. In the present study, we tried to identify the mRNA that can be preferentially translated under severe ethanol stress. BTN2 encodes a v-SNARE binding protein, and its null mutant shows hypersensitivity to ethanol. We found that BTN2 mRNA was efficiently translated under severe ethanol stress but not under mild ethanol stress. Moreover, the increased Btn2 protein levels caused by severe ethanol stress were smoothly decreased with the elimination of ethanol stress. These findings suggested that severe ethanol stress extensively induced BTN2 expression. Further, the BTN2 promoter induced protein synthesis of non-native genes such as CUR1, GIC2, and YUR1 in the presence of high ethanol concentrations, indicating that this promoter overcame severe ethanol stress-induced translation repression. Thus, our findings provide an important clue about yeast response to severe ethanol stress and suggest that the BTN2 promoter can be used to improve the efficiency of ethanol production and stress tolerance of yeast cells by modifying gene expression in the presence of high ethanol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukina Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Izawa
- Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Ishida Y, Nguyen TTM, Kitajima S, Izawa S. Prioritized Expression of BDH2 under Bulk Translational Repression and Its Contribution to Tolerance to Severe Vanillin Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1059. [PMID: 27458450 PMCID: PMC4933698 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanillin is a potent fermentation inhibitor derived from the lignocellulosic biomass in biofuel production, and high concentrations of vanillin result in the pronounced repression of bulk translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies on genes that are efficiently translated even in the presence of high concentrations of vanillin will be useful for improving yeast vanillin tolerance and fermentation efficiency. The BDH1 and BDH2 genes encode putative medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductases and their amino acid sequences are very similar to each other. Although BDH2 was previously suggested to be involved in vanillin tolerance, it has yet to be clarified whether Bdh1/Bdh2 actually contribute to vanillin tolerance and reductions in vanillin. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of Bdh1 and Bdh2 on vanillin tolerance. bdh2Δ cells exhibited hypersensitivity to vanillin and slower reductions in vanillin than wild-type cells and bdh1Δ cells. Additionally, the overexpression of the BDH2 gene improved yeast tolerance to vanillin more efficiently than that of BDH1. Only BDH2 mRNA was efficiently translated under severe vanillin stress, however, both BDH genes were transcriptionally up-regulated. These results reveal the importance of Bdh2 in vanillin detoxification and confirm the preferential translation of the BDH2 gene in the presence of high concentrations of vanillin. The BDH2 promoter also enabled the expression of non-native genes under severe vanillin stress and furfural stress, suggesting its availability to improve of the efficiency of bioethanol production through modifications in gene expression in the presence of fermentation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ishida
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
| | - Trinh T M Nguyen
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakihito Kitajima
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Izawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto, Japan
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