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Yancey CE, Kiledal EA, Chaganti SR, Denef VJ, Errera RM, Evans JT, Hart LN, Isailovic D, James WS, Kharbush JJ, Kimbrel JA, Li W, Mayali X, Nitschky H, Polik CA, Powers MA, Premathilaka SH, Rappuhn NA, Reitz LA, Rivera SR, Zwiers CC, Dick GJ. The Western Lake Erie culture collection: A promising resource for evaluating the physiological and genetic diversity of Microcystis and its associated microbiome. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 126:102440. [PMID: 37290887 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) dominated by Microcystis spp. have significant public health and economic implications in freshwater bodies around the world. These blooms are capable of producing a variety of cyanotoxins, including microcystins, that affect fishing and tourism industries, human and environmental health, and access to drinking water. In this study, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of 21 primarily unialgal Microcystis cultures collected from western Lake Erie between 2017 and 2019. While some cultures isolated in different years have a high degree of genetic similarity (genomic Average Nucleotide Identity >99%), genomic data show that these cultures also represent much of the breadth of known Microcystis diversity in natural populations. Only five isolates contained all the genes required for microcystin biosynthesis while two isolates contained a previously described partial mcy operon. Microcystin production within cultures was also assessed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and supported genomic results with high concentrations (up to 900 μg L⁻¹) in cultures with complete mcy operons and no or low toxin detected otherwise. These xenic cultures also contained a substantial diversity of bacteria associated with Microcystis, which has become increasingly recognized as an essential component of cyanoHAB community dynamics. These results highlight the genomic diversity among Microcystis strains and associated bacteria in Lake Erie, and their potential impacts on bloom development, toxin production, and toxin degradation. This culture collection significantly increases the availability of environmentally relevant Microcystis strains from temperate North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen E Yancey
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - E Anders Kiledal
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Subba Rao Chaganti
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR), University of Michigan, 4840 S State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, United States of America
| | - Vincent J Denef
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Reagan M Errera
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL), 4840 S State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, United States of America
| | - Jacob T Evans
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Lauren N Hart
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Dragan Isailovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
| | - William S James
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Jenan J Kharbush
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A Kimbrel
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Wei Li
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Xavier Mayali
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Helena Nitschky
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Catherine A Polik
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - McKenzie A Powers
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Sanduni H Premathilaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
| | - Nicole A Rappuhn
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Laura A Reitz
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Sara R Rivera
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Claire C Zwiers
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Gregory J Dick
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR), University of Michigan, 4840 S State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, United States of America.
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Al-Ashhab A, Marmen S, Schweitzer-Natan O, Bolotin E, Patil H, Viner-Mozzini D, Aharonovich D, Hershberg R, Minz D, Carmeli S, Cytryn E, Sukenik A, Sher D. Freshwater microbial metagenomes sampled across different water body characteristics, space and time in Israel. Sci Data 2022; 9:652. [PMID: 36289228 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater bodies are critical components of terrestrial ecosystems. The microbial communities of freshwater ecosystems are intimately linked water quality. These microbes interact with, utilize and recycle inorganic elements and organic matter. Here, we present three metagenomic sequence datasets (total of 182.9 Gbp) from different freshwater environments in Israel. The first dataset is from diverse freshwater bodies intended for different usages - a nature reserve, irrigation and aquaculture facilities, a tertiary wastewater treatment plant and a desert rainfall reservoir. The second represents a two-year time-series, collected during 2013-2014 at roughly monthly intervals, from a water reservoir connected to an aquaculture facility. The third is from several time-points during the winter and spring of 2015 in Lake Kinneret, including a bloom of the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. These datasets are accompanied by physical, chemical, and biological measurements at each sampling point. We expect that these metagenomes will facilitate a wide range of comparative studies that seek to illuminate new aspects of freshwater microbial ecosystems and inform future water quality management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al-Ashhab
- The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 8698000, Israel. .,Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. .,Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat campus, Israel.
| | - Sophi Marmen
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orna Schweitzer-Natan
- The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Institute, P.O Box 447, Migdal, 49500, Israel
| | - Evgeni Bolotin
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hemant Patil
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Diti Viner-Mozzini
- The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Institute, P.O Box 447, Migdal, 49500, Israel
| | - Dikla Aharonovich
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ruth Hershberg
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Shmuel Carmeli
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Chemistry and Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Assaf Sukenik
- The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Institute, P.O Box 447, Migdal, 49500, Israel
| | - Daniel Sher
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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Sauer HM, Hamilton TL, Anderson RE, Umbanhowar CE, Heathcote AJ. Diversity and distribution of sediment bacteria across an ecological and trophic gradient. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0258079. [PMID: 35312685 PMCID: PMC8936460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial communities of lake sediments have the potential to serve as valuable bioindicators and integrators of watershed land-use and water quality; however, the relative sensitivity of these communities to physio-chemical and geographical parameters must be demonstrated at taxonomic resolutions that are feasible by current sequencing and bioinformatic approaches. The geologically diverse and lake-rich state of Minnesota (USA) is uniquely situated to address this potential because of its variability in ecological region, lake type, and watershed land-use. In this study, we selected twenty lakes with varying physio-chemical properties across four ecological regions of Minnesota. Our objectives were to (i) evaluate the diversity and composition of the bacterial community at the sediment-water interface and (ii) determine how lake location and watershed land-use impact aqueous chemistry and influence bacterial community structure. Our 16S rRNA amplicon data from lake sediment cores, at two depth intervals, data indicate that sediment communities are more likely to cluster by ecological region rather than any individual lake properties (e.g., trophic status, total phosphorous concentration, lake depth). However, composition is tied to a given lake, wherein samples from the same core were more alike than samples collected at similar depths across lakes. Our results illustrate the diversity within lake sediment microbial communities and provide insight into relationships between taxonomy, physicochemical, and geographic properties of north temperate lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey M. Sauer
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- St. Croix Watershed Research Station, Science Museum of Minnesota, Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Trinity L. Hamilton
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- The Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rika E. Anderson
- Biology Department, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Charles E. Umbanhowar
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Adam J. Heathcote
- St. Croix Watershed Research Station, Science Museum of Minnesota, Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota, United States of America
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Marmen S, Fadeev E, Al Ashhab A, Benet-Perelberg A, Naor A, Patil HJ, Cytryn E, Viner-Mozzini Y, Sukenik A, Lalzar M, Sher D. Seasonal Dynamics Are the Major Driver of Microbial Diversity and Composition in Intensive Freshwater Aquaculture. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:679743. [PMID: 34248892 PMCID: PMC8264503 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.679743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture facilities such as fishponds are one of the most anthropogenically impacted freshwater ecosystems. The high fish biomass reared in aquaculture is associated with an intensive input into the water of fish-feed and fish excrements. This nutrients load may affect the microbial community in the water, which in turn can impact the fish health. To determine to what extent aquaculture practices and natural seasonal cycles affect the microbial populations, we characterized the microbiome of an inter-connected aquaculture system at monthly resolution, over 3 years. The system comprised two fishponds, where fish are grown, and an operational water reservoir in which fish are not actively stocked. Clear natural seasonal cycles of temperature and inorganic nutrients concentration, as well as recurring cyanobacterial blooms during summer, were observed in both the fishponds and the reservoir. The structure of the aquatic bacterial communities in the system, characterized using 16S rRNA sequencing, was explained primarily by the natural seasonality, whereas aquaculture-related parameters had only a minor explanatory power. However, the cyanobacterial blooms were characterized by different cyanobacterial clades dominating at each fishpond, possibly in response to distinct nitrogen and phosphate ratios. In turn, nutrient ratios may have been affected by the magnitude of fish feed input. Taken together, our results show that, even in strongly anthropogenically impacted aquatic ecosystems, the structure of bacterial communities is mainly driven by the natural seasonality, with more subtle effects of aquaculture-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophi Marmen
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eduard Fadeev
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ashraf Al Ashhab
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Microbial Metagenomics Division, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | - Ayana Benet-Perelberg
- Dor Aquaculture Research Station, Fisheries Department, Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Dor, Israel
| | - Alon Naor
- Dor Aquaculture Research Station, Fisheries Department, Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Dor, Israel
| | - Hemant J. Patil
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Yehudit Viner-Mozzini
- The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | - Assaf Sukenik
- The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | - Maya Lalzar
- Bioinformatics Service Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Sher
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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5
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Ben-Hamo M, Ezra D, Krasnov H, Blank L. Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Mal Secco Disease Spread in Lemon Orchards in Israel. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:863-872. [PMID: 31821113 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-19-0195-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mal Secco is a severe disease of citrus in which the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus (formerly Phoma tracheiphila) penetrates the vascular system of the host. In this study, we characterized the spatial dynamics of the disease in seven lemon orchards. A representative block of trees from each orchard was evaluated monthly during 3 consecutive years. In addition, scouts assessed disease severity in 75 orchards from three different geographical regions and tested for association between disease severity and measures of orchard management, environmental factors, cultural practices, and cultivar type. We assessed disease incidence and characteristics of spatial patterns using Ripley's K function and fitted logistic regression models for different neighboring tree structures followed by model selection methods to provide insight into the spatial and temporal dynamics of disease progress. We found different rates of disease spread in different orchards, which are most likely the result of differences in orchard management practices or less likely the result of differences in climatic conditions. There was an indication that agricultural tools contribute to spread of the disease within rows of trees. The results confirm that the lemon cultivar Interdonato is less susceptible compared with other citrus cultivars, and they suggest that the density of urban terrain surrounding each orchard is positively correlated with the severity of the disease. In contrast to our expectations, no correlation was found between the density of lemon orchards surrounding an orchard and the severity of the disease within it, which corroborates previous findings regarding the limited distribution of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ben-Hamo
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - David Ezra
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Helena Krasnov
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Lior Blank
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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Kataoka T, Ohbayashi K, Kobayashi Y, Takasu H, Nakano SI, Kondo R, Hodoki Y. Distribution of the Harmful Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, in 88 Freshwater Environments across Japan. Microbes Environ 2020; 35. [PMID: 32074549 PMCID: PMC7104289 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me19110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa was quantitatively surveyed in 88 freshwater environments across Japan within 3 weeks in 2011. In order to clarify the distribution pattern of M. aeruginosa at the intra-species level, three major genotypes, which were defined by 16S-23S rRNA inter-transcribed-spacer (ITS) regions, were selectively detected using quantitative real-time PCR assays. Of the 68 sites at which the Microcystis intergenic-spacer region of the phycocyanin (IGS-PC) gene was detected, the M. aeruginosa morphotype-related genotype (MG1) dominated in 41 sites, followed by the non-toxic M. wesenbergii-related genotype (MG3). A correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen and phosphate positively correlated with the abundance of IGS-PC, which positively correlated with microcystin synthetase gene abundance. A redundancy analysis of genotype compositions showed that pH positively correlated with the dominance of MG3 and negatively correlated with MG1, i.e., both toxic and non-toxic genotypes. Our survey of Microcystis populations over a wide area revealed that MG1 is a dominant genotype in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kataoka
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University
| | - Kako Ohbayashi
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Ryuji Kondo
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University
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Marmen S, Blank L, Al-Ashhab A, Malik A, Ganzert L, Lalzar M, Grossart HP, Sher D. The Role of Land Use Types and Water Chemical Properties in Structuring the Microbiomes of a Connected Lake System. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:89. [PMID: 32117119 PMCID: PMC7029742 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lakes and other freshwater bodies are intimately connected to the surrounding land, yet to what extent land-use affects the quality of freshwater and the microbial communities living in various freshwater environments is largely unknown. We address this question through an analysis of the land use surrounding 46 inter-connected lakes located within seven different drainage basins in northern Germany, and the microbiomes of these lakes during early summer. Lake microbiome structure was not correlated with the specific drainage basin or by basin size, and bacterial distribution did not seem to be limited by distance. Instead, land use within the drainage basin could predict, to some extent, NO2 + NO3 concentrations in the water, which (together with temperature, chlorophyll a and total phosphorus) correlated to some extent with the water microbiome structure. Land use directly surrounding the water bodies, however, had little observable effects on water quality or the microbiome. Several microbial lineages, including Cyanobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, were differentially partitioned between the lakes. Significantly more data, including time-series measurements of land use and water chemical properties, are needed to fully understand the interaction between the environment and the organization of microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophi Marmen
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Blank
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Ashraf Al-Ashhab
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Microbial Metagenomics Division, Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | - Assaf Malik
- Bioinformatics Service Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lars Ganzert
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
| | - Maya Lalzar
- Bioinformatics Service Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Sher
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Escalas A, Catherine A, Maloufi S, Cellamare M, Hamlaoui S, Yéprémian C, Louvard C, Troussellier M, Bernard C. Drivers and ecological consequences of dominance in periurban phytoplankton communities using networks approaches. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114893. [PMID: 31351356 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the causes and consequences of dominance by a limited number of taxa in phytoplankton communities is of huge importance in the current context of increasing anthropogenic pressures on natural ecosystems. This is of particular concern in densely populated urban areas where usages and impacts of human populations on water ecosystems are strongly interconnected. Microbial biodiversity is commonly used as a bioindicator of environmental quality and ecosystem functioning, but there are few studies at the regional scale that integrate the drivers of dominance in phytoplankton communities and their consequences on the structure and functioning of these communities. Here, we studied the causes and consequences of phytoplankton dominance in 50 environmentally contrasted waterbodies, sampled over four summer campaigns in the highly-populated Île-de-France region (IDF). Phytoplankton dominance was observed in 32-52% of the communities and most cases were attributed to Chlorophyta (35.5-40.6% of cases) and Cyanobacteria (30.3-36.5%). The best predictors of dominance were identified using multinomial logistic regression and included waterbody features (surface, depth and connection to the hydrological network) and water column characteristics (total N, TN:TP ratio, water temperature and stratification). The consequences of dominance were dependent on the identity of the dominant organisms and included modifications of biological attributes (richness, cohesion) and functioning (biomass, RUE) of phytoplankton communities. We constructed co-occurrence networks using high resolution phytoplankton biomass and demonstrated that networks under dominance by Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria exhibited significantly different structure compared with networks without dominance. Furthermore, dominance by Cyanobacteria was associated with more profound network modifications (e.g. cohesion, size, density, efficiency and proportion of negative links), suggesting a stronger disruption of the structure and functioning of phytoplankton communities in the conditions in which this group dominates. Finally, we provide a synthesis on the relationships between environmental drivers, dominance status, community attributes and network structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Escalas
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; UMR 9190 MARBEC, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-IRD-IFREMER, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Arnaud Catherine
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Selma Maloufi
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Maria Cellamare
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; Phyto-Quality, 15 Rue Pétrarque, 75116, Paris, France
| | - Sahima Hamlaoui
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Claude Yéprémian
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Clarisse Louvard
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marc Troussellier
- UMR 9190 MARBEC, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-IRD-IFREMER, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Cécile Bernard
- UMR 7245 MCAM, CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 12 Rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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9
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Pérez-Carrascal OM, Terrat Y, Giani A, Fortin N, Greer CW, Tromas N, Shapiro BJ. Coherence of Microcystis species revealed through population genomics. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2887-2900. [PMID: 31363173 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microcystis is a genus of freshwater cyanobacteria, which causes harmful blooms in ecosystems worldwide. Some Microcystis strains produce harmful toxins such as microcystin, impacting drinking water quality. Microcystis colony morphology, rather than genetic similarity, is often used to classify Microcystis into morphospecies. Yet colony morphology is a plastic trait, which can change depending on environmental and laboratory culture conditions, and is thus an inadequate criterion for species delineation. Furthermore, Microcystis populations are thought to disperse globally and constitute a homogeneous gene pool. However, this assertion is based on relatively incomplete characterization of Microcystis genomic diversity. To better understand these issues, we performed a population genomic analysis of 33 newly sequenced genomes mainly from Canada and Brazil. We identified 17 Microcystis clusters of genomic similarity, five of which correspond to monophyletic clades containing at least three newly sequenced genomes. Four out of these five clades match to named morphospecies. Notably, M. aeruginosa is paraphyletic, distributed across 12 genomic clusters, suggesting it is not a coherent species. A few clades of closely related isolates are specific to a unique geographic location, suggesting biogeographic structure over relatively short evolutionary time scales. Higher homologous recombination rates within than between clades further suggest that monophyletic groups might adhere to a Biological Species-like concept, in which barriers to gene flow maintain species distinctness. However, certain genes-including some involved in microcystin and micropeptin biosynthesis-are recombined between monophyletic groups in the same geographic location, suggesting local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yves Terrat
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alessandra Giani
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nicolas Tromas
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - B Jesse Shapiro
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Production of Cyanotoxins by Microcystis aeruginosa Mediates Interactions with the Mixotrophic Flagellate Cryptomonas. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040223. [PMID: 30991631 PMCID: PMC6520739 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Eutrophication of inland waters is expected to increase the frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Toxin-production associated with HABs has negative effects on human health and aquatic ecosystem functioning. Despite evidence that flagellates can ingest toxin-producing cyanobacteria, interactions between members of the microbial loop are underestimated in our understanding of the food web and algal bloom dynamics. Physical and allelopathic interactions between a mixotrophic flagellate (Cryptomonas sp.) and two strains of a cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa) were investigated in a full-factorial experiment in culture. The maximum population growth rate of the mixotroph (0.25 day−1) occurred during incubation with filtrate from toxic M. aeruginosa. Cryptomonas was able to ingest toxic and non-toxic M. aeruginosa at maximal rates of 0.5 and 0.3 cells day−1, respectively. The results establish that although Cryptomonas does not derive benefits from co-incubation with M. aeruginosa, it may obtain nutritional supplement from filtrate. We also provide evidence of a reduction in cyanotoxin concentration (microcystin-LR) when toxic M. aeruginosa is incubated with the mixotroph. Our work has implications for “trophic upgrading” within the microbial food web, where cyanobacterivory by nanoflagellates may improve food quality for higher trophic levels and detoxify secondary compounds.
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11
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Wang M, Shi W, Chen Q, Zhang J, Yi Q, Hu L. Effects of nutrient temporal variations on toxic genotype and microcystin concentration in two eutrophic lakes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:192-199. [PMID: 30269014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a growing threat to freshwater ecosystems worldwide due to the production of microcystin (MC), which can have detrimental effects on water quality and human health. The relations between MC-producing Microcystis, MC production, and environmental variables especially nutrient conditions in eutrophic lakes, Lake Taihu and Lake Yanghe, were investigated during the bloom season of 2015. Results showed that toxigenic cells contributed to 8.94-75.68% and 7.87-58.69% of the total Microcystis in Lake Taihu and Lake Yanghe, respectively. The dynamics of toxigenic cells and MC production were positively associated with NH3-N concentration in Lake Taihu, while positively associated with the concentrations of TP, TDP and PO4-P in Lake Yanghe, indicating that the dominant nutrient factor affecting the toxic blooms was nitrogen in Lake Taihu, whereas it was phosphorus in Lake Yanghe. The significant relationship between TLR eq (total MC after transformation of MC-RR and MC-YR into MC-LR) and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration implied that Chl-a could be an alternative measure to predict MC risk in the two lakes, and the safe threshold value of Chl-a was proposed as 25.38 and 31.06 μg/L in Lake Taihu and Lake Yanghe, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liuming Hu
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
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12
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Beaver JR, Tausz CE, Scotese KC, Pollard AI, Mitchell RM. Environmental factors influencing the quantitative distribution of microcystin and common potentially toxigenic cyanobacteria in U.S. lakes and reservoirs. HARMFUL ALGAE 2018; 78:118-128. [PMID: 30196919 PMCID: PMC6776996 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Many species of cyanobacteria are capable of producing toxins and causing nuisance blooms, however response to environmental conditions is likely taxon-specific. Environmental factors influencing cyanobacterial composition and toxin production in lakes have been examined in many studies; yet are often confined to individual water bodies, or to a small number of systems within the same region. Here, data from the 2012 USEPA National Lakes Assessment are used to examine relationships between biovolume of common potentially-toxigenic cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon spp., Cylindrospermopsis spp., Dolichospermum spp., Microcystis spp. and Planktothrix spp.) and environmental variables across the entire conterminous United States, and results are compared across nine distinct ecoregions. Total phosphorus and water clarity were identified as the most influential environmental factors correlated with phytoplankton community composition. The Northern, Southern and Temperate Plains ecoregions displayed the highest biovolumes of potentially toxigenic taxa on average, as well as highest mean concentrations of microcystin. In those three ecoregions, samples with microcystin concentrations greater than 1 ppb were primarily dominated by Planktothrix spp. while in all other ecoregions Dolichospermum spp. was the dominant genus. Canonical Correlation Analysis revealed a strong association between high microcystin concentrations and high nutrient concentrations (total nitrogen and total phosphorus), and between high microcystin concentrations and low percentage of watershed forest cover. Results from this study indicate that the likely occurrence of potentially toxigenic taxa in lakes and reservoirs is predictable on a biogeographical basis, depending on morphological and water quality characteristics. Data from this study may be useful to regional managers attempting to prevent or mitigate nuisance cyanobacterial blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Beaver
- BSA Environmental Services Inc., 23400 Mercantile Road, Suite 8, Beachwood, OH, 44122 USA.
| | - Claudia E Tausz
- BSA Environmental Services Inc., 23400 Mercantile Road, Suite 8, Beachwood, OH, 44122 USA
| | - Kyle C Scotese
- BSA Environmental Services Inc., 23400 Mercantile Road, Suite 8, Beachwood, OH, 44122 USA
| | - Amina I Pollard
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue (4503-T), Washington, DC, 20460-0001, USA
| | - Richard M Mitchell
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue (4503-T), Washington, DC, 20460-0001, USA
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13
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Xu Z, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang J. Growth, extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity, and kinetic characteristic responses of the bloom-forming toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, to atmospheric particulate matter (PM 2.5, PM 2.5-10, and PM >10). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7358-7368. [PMID: 29275484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (APM), commonly seen and widely excited in environment, appears great enough to influence the biochemical processes in aquatic microorganisms and phytoplankton. Understanding the response of cyanobacteria to various factors is fundamental for eutrophication control. To clarify the response of cyanobacteria to APM, the effects of PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM>10 on Microcystis aeruginosa were researched. Variabilities in cell density, chlorophyll a, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, extracellular activity, and kinetic parameters of alkaline phosphatase were evaluated by lab-cultured experiments. Results showed that the PM2.5 had a slight stimulation impact on the growth and enhanced both of the 48- and 72-h extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), the affinity of alkaline phosphatase for substrate, and the 72-h maximum enzymatic reaction velocity (Vmax). Moreover, the stimulations in extracellular APA and Vmax enhanced with the increasing exposure concentrations. We also found there were no obvious distinctions on the effects of growth and alkaline phosphatase in M. aeruginosa between PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exposure groups. Obviously, inhibitory effects on growth existed in 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L PM2.5-10 and 8.0 mg/L PM>10 at 120 h. Furthermore, PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exerted inhibitory effects on the extracellular APA during the 72-h exposure. Simultaneously, the Vmax was notably inhibited and the affinity of alkaline phosphatase for substrate was more inseparable compared with control in PM2.5-10 and PM>10 treatments. Nevertheless, the inhibitors in extracellular APA and kinetic parameters were unrelated to PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exposure concentrations. Two-way ANOVA results revealed that there were significant interactions between exposure concentration and diameter of APM on the 120-h cell density, soluble protein content, APA, and 72 h APA of M. aeruginosa. These results in our study would be meaningful to further researches on relationships between APM deposition and cyanobacterial bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shoubing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yuanan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Snow DD, Cassada DA, Larsen ML, Mware NA, Li X, D’Alessio M, Zhang Y, Sallach JB. Detection, Occurrence and Fate of Emerging Contaminants in Agricultural Environments. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2017; 89:897-920. [PMID: 28954647 PMCID: PMC5896314 DOI: 10.2175/106143017x15023776270160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A total of 79 papers published in 2016 were reviewed ranging from detailed descriptions of analytical methods, to fate and occurrence studies, to ecological effects and sampling techniques for a wide variety of emerging contaminants likely to occur in agricultural environments. New methods and studies on veterinary pharmaceuticals, steroids, antibiotic resistance genes, cyanotoxins, and potential effects of biochar use in agricultural environments continue to expand our knowledge base on the occurrence and potential impacts of these compounds. This review is divided into the following sections: Introduction, Analytical Methods, Steroid Hormones, Anthelmintics, Antibiotic Fate and Occurrence, Antibiotic Resistance Genes, Cyanotoxins, and Implications of Biochar in Agricultural Environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D. Snow
- Research Associate Professor and Laboratory Director, Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Dougherty Water for Food Institute, 202 Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583–0844; USA
- Tel. 402–472–7539; Fax. 402–472–9599;
| | - David A. Cassada
- Chemist, Nebraska Water Center, 202 Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583–0844; USA
| | - Megan L. Larsen
- Research Scientist, Nebraska Water Center, 202 Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583–0844; USA
| | - Noelle A. Mware
- Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska–Lincoln 844 N. 16th St., N117 SEC Link, Lincoln, NE 68588–6105; USA
| | - Xu Li
- Associtate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska–Lincoln 844 N. 16th St., N117 SEC Link, Lincoln, NE 68588–6105; USA
| | - Matteo D’Alessio
- Post-Doctoral Researcher, Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Dougherty Water for Food Institute, 2021 Transformation Drive, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588–6204; USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Researcher, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu Province, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214123, P.R. China
| | - J. Brett Sallach
- Post-Doctoral Researcher, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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