1
|
Fukuda S, Sakurai Y, Izawa S. Detoxification of the post-harvest antifungal pesticide thiabendazole by cold atmospheric plasma. J Biosci Bioeng 2023:S1389-1723(23)00137-8. [PMID: 37296042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) irradiation has a sterilizing effect without thermal denaturation or the production of residual substances. Hence, it is considered to be a safe sterilization technology with minimal damage for fresh foods. In addition, its decomposition effect on chemical substances has also been confirmed, and the application of CAP in the food and agricultural domains is increasing. In this study, we examined the potential of CAP to detoxify pesticide residues. Post-harvest chemical treatments using pesticides, such as fungicides, are frequently employed in imported agricultural products and are often disapproved by consumers. Therefore, we assessed the detoxification of thiabendazole (TBZ), a widely used post-harvest pesticide, using low-cost air plasma irradiation. We found that CAP irradiation conditions that detoxified TBZ caused little damage to the edible parts of mandarin oranges. The results of the present study suggest that CAP irradiation is useful for detoxifying and degrading pesticide residues without damaging agricultural products and that CAP irradiation is an effective means of maintaining food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizu Fukuda
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Hashiue-cho 1, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakurai
- National Institute of Technology, Akashi College, Nishioka Uozumi-cho, Akashi, Hyogo 674-8501, Japan
| | - Shingo Izawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Hashiue-cho 1, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milia EP, Sardellitti L, Eick S. Antimicrobial Efficiency of Pistacia lentiscus L. Derivates against Oral Biofilm-Associated Diseases-A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1378. [PMID: 37374880 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus L. (PlL) has been used for centuries in traditional medicine. The richness in antimicrobial biomolecules of Pll derivates can represent an alternative to chemically formulated agents used against oral infections. This review summarizes the knowledge on the antimicrobial activity of PlL essential oil (EO), extracts, and mastic resin against microorganisms being of relevance in oral biofilm-associated diseases. Results demonstrated that the potential of PlL polyphenol extracts has led to increasing scientific interest. In fact, the extracts are a significantly more effective agent than the other PlL derivates. The positive findings regarding the inhibition of periodontal pathogens and C. albicans, together with the antioxidant activity and the reduction of the inflammatory responses, suggest the use of the extracts in the prevention and/or reversal of intraoral dysbiosis. Toothpaste, mouthwashes, and local delivery devices could be effective in the clinical management of these oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egle Patrizia Milia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dental Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Sardellitti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dental Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bettencourt AF, Costa J, Ribeiro IAC, Gonçalves L, Arias-Moliz MT, Dias JR, Franco M, Alves NM, Portugal J, Neves CB. Development of a chlorhexidine delivery system based on dental reline acrylic resins. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122470. [PMID: 36516927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high recurrence rate of common denture stomatitis after antifungal treatment is still concerning. This condition is caused by low patient compliance and incomplete local elimination of the main etiological factor - Candida albicans, often associated with other microorganisms, such as Streptococcus species. Impregnating denture materials with antimicrobials for local delivery is a strategy that can overcome the side effects and improve the efficacy of conventional treatments (topical and/or systemic). In this work, we describe the development of three hard autopolymerizing reline acrylic resins (Kooliner, Ufi Gel Hard, and Probase Cold) loaded with different percentages of chlorhexidine (CHX). The novel formulations were characterized based on their antimicrobial activity, mechanical, morphological and surface properties, in-vitro drug release profiles, and cytotoxicity. The addition of CHX in all resins did not change their chemical and mechanical structure. Among all the tested formulations, Probase Cold loaded with 5 wt% CHX showed the most promising results in terms of antimicrobial activity and lack of serious detrimental mechanical, morphological, surface, and biological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Costa
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel A C Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Juliana R Dias
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Margarida Franco
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Alves
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Jaime Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina B Neves
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Behbehani JM, Irshad M, Shreaz S, Karched M. Anticandidal Activity of Capsaicin and Its Effect on Ergosterol Biosynthesis and Membrane Integrity of Candida albicans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021046. [PMID: 36674560 PMCID: PMC9860720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis is an infection of the oral cavity commonly caused by Candida albicans. Endodontic treatment failure has also been found to be persistent from C. albicans in the root canal system. Despite the availability of antifungal drugs, the management of Candida oral infection is difficult as it exhibits resistance to a different class of antifungal drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to discover new antifungal compounds to cure fungal infections. This study aimed to examine the antifungal susceptibility of Capsaicin, an active compound of chili pepper. The susceptibility of Capsaicin and Fluconazole was tested against the Candida species by the CLSI (M27-A3) method. The effect of Capsaicin on the fungal cell wall was examined by the ergosterol inhibitory assay and observed by the scanning electron micrograph. The MIC range of Capsaicin against Candida isolates from oral (n = 30), endodontic (n = 8), and ATCC strains (n = 2) was 12.5−50 µg/mL. The MIC range of Fluconazole (128- 4 µg/mL) significantly decreased (2- to 4-fold) after the combination with Capsaicin (MIC/4) (p < 0.05). Capsaicin (at MIC) significantly reduced the mature biofilm of C. albicans by 70 to 89% (p < 0.01). The ergosterol content of the cell wall decreased significantly with the increase in the Capsaicin dose (p < 0.01). Capsaicin showed high sensitivity against the hyphae formation and demonstrated a more than 71% reduction in mature biofilm. A fluorescence microscopy revealed the membrane disruption of Capsaicin-treated C. albicans cells, whereas a micrograph of electron microscopy showed the distorted cells’ shape, ruptured cell walls, and shrinkage of cells after the release of intracellular content. The results conclude that Capsaicin had a potential antifungal activity that inhibits the ergosterol biosynthesis in the cell wall, and therefore, the cells’ structure and integrity were disrupted. More importantly, Capsaicin synergistically enhanced the Fluconazole antifungal activity, and the synergistic effect might be helpful in the prevention of Fluconazole resistance development and reduced drug-dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jawad M. Behbehani
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Irshad
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Sheikh Shreaz
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Maribasappa Karched
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +965-25326049
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carradori S, Ammazzalorso A, De Filippis B, Şahin AF, Akdemir A, Orekhova A, Bonincontro G, Simonetti G. Azole-Based Compounds That Are Active against Candida Biofilm: In Vitro , In Vivo and In Silico Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101375. [PMID: 36290033 PMCID: PMC9598150 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. and dermatophytes, cause more than a billion human infections every year. A large library of imidazole- and triazole-based compounds were in vitro screened for their antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, A. fumigatus and dermatophytes, such as Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The imidazole carbamate 12 emerged as the most active compound, showing a valuable antifungal activity against C. glabrata (MIC 1−16 μg/mL) and C. krusei (MIC 4−24 μg/mL). No activity against A. fumigatus or the dermatophytes was observed among all the tested compounds. The compound 12 inhibited the formation of C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei biofilms and reduced the mature Candida biofilm. In the Galleria mellonella larvae, 12 showed a significant reduction in the Candida infection, together with a lack of toxicity at the concentration used to activate its antifungal activity. Moreover, the in silico prediction of the putative targets revealed that the concurrent presence of the imidazole core, the carbamate and the p-chlorophenyl is important for providing a strong affinity for lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CgCYP51a1) and the fungal carbonic anhydrase (CgNce103), the S-enantiomer being more productive in these interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alessandra Ammazzalorso
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ahmet Fatih Şahin
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Institute of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Institute of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anastasia Orekhova
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Graziana Bonincontro
- Department of Environmental Biology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Simonetti
- Department of Environmental Biology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Procópio ALF, Lara VS, Porto VC, Soares S, Fernandes MH, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Resilient liner modified by antimicrobials for denture stomatitis treatment: A randomized controlled trial. J Dent 2022; 126:104297. [PMID: 36122605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of an interim denture resilient liner (Trusoft) modified with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents for Candida albicans biofilm in the denture stomatitis (DS) treatment. METHODS Forty participants with DS and maxillary complete denture (MCD) wearers were randomly assigned to one of the treatments for 14 days (n=10): nystatin oral suspension (Control-100,000IU/mL; 4 × /day), MCD relined with Trusoft either without (Tru) or with nystatin (Ny) or chlorhexidine diacetate (Chx) at MICs. Cytological smears and mycological quantitative cultures were taken from the palate and denture before treatment (baseline), at the end of treatment (day 14), and at follow-up (days 30, 45, and 60). Photographs of the palate were made at each visit. Data were analyzed by the Cochran and χ2 tests, ANOVA and the Tukey test or the Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=0.05). RESULTS Palatal smears of the Ny and Chx groups exhibited no mycelial Candida (0%) on day 14, and, at the 60-day follow-up, it was observed for only 1 participant from Chx group. MCD smears showed reduction in mycelial forms for all groups on day 14 (P<0.05), but this difference was maintained at follow-up only for the relined dentures (P<0.05). Unlike Tru and the control groups, Ny and Chx groups evidenced a significant reduction in CFU/mL values and DS severity throughout the trial (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The addition of nystatin and chlorhexidine at MICs to an interim resilient liner is a promising treatment for DS, with better results than those for conventional therapy with nystatin suspension, including the follow-ups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Compared with conventional topical antifungal therapy, modifying a denture reline material with antimicrobials provided a therapeutic option for denture stomatitis. This non-invasive, straightforward therapeutic approach can be easily adopted by dentists and has the advantage of not requiring patient compliance while maintaining therapeutic concentrations on the denture base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Lemos Falcão Procópio
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Carvalho Porto
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Soares
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- BoneLab-Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry/Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV/REQUIMTE), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Adam RZ, Khan SB. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles against Candida Albicans. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5666. [PMID: 36013803 PMCID: PMC9415300 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment protocols for patients diagnosed with denture stomatitis are under scrutiny, and alternative options are being explored by researchers. The aim of this systematic review was to determine if silver nanoparticles inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, and the research question addressed was: In adults, do silver nanoparticles inhibit the growth of Candida albicans in acrylic dentures and denture liners compared to normal treatment options. A systematic review was the chosen methodology, and criteria were formulated to include all types of studies, including clinical and laboratory designs where the aim was tested. Of the 18 included studies, only one was a clinical trial, and 17 were in vitro research. The inhibition of candidal growth was based on the % concentration of AgNPs included within the denture acrylic and denture liner. As the % AgNPs increased, candida growth was reduced. This was reported as a reduction of candidal colony forming units in the studies. The quality of the included studies was mostly acceptable, as seen from the structured and validated assessments completed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razia Z. Adam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effects of long-term cinnamaldehyde immersion on the surface roughness and color of heat-polymerized denture base resin. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:521.e1-521.e8. [PMID: 35970612 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Cinnamaldehyde has been successfully used for the short-term disinfection of dentures; however, its long-term effects on the surface and color properties of denture base materials remain unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of simulated immersion in cinnamaldehyde for up to 5 years on the surface roughness and color parameters of a heat-polymerized denture resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty Ø10×5-mm disk-shaped specimens were prepared from microwave heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and immersed in 4 solutions (n=20): TW-tap water (control), SH - 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, PX-alkaline peroxide, and CA-cinnamaldehyde (27 μg/mL). The immersion protocol simulated 104 cycles (3.5 months), 913 cycles (2.5 years), and 1825 immersion cycles (5 years) of a daily immersion cleaning protocol, with immersion times ranging from 10 to 20-minutes. Surface roughness (Sa) and the color parameters of CIELab (L∗ a∗ b∗, ΔEab), CIEDE2000 (ΔE00), and the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) were analyzed at baseline (t=0) and after the immersion cycles. The data were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and the Tukey post hoc test (α=.01). RESULTS Sa was significantly increased in all groups after 1825 cycles compared with baseline (P<.01), regardless of the solution. Only the time factor significantly affected ΔEab, ΔE00, and NBS parameters, which were below the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. After a simulated 5-year immersion, the surface roughness and color values of CA-treated specimens were not statistically different from those of the other groups (P>.01). CONCLUSIONS Cinnamaldehyde solution (27 μg/mL) produced minor effects on the surface roughness and color parameters of a heat-polymerized denture base resin similar to those of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and alkaline peroxide after a 5-year simulated immersion.
Collapse
|
9
|
Tokajuk J, Deptuła P, Chmielewska SJ, Skłodowski K, Mierzejewska ŻA, Grądzka-Dahlke M, Tołstoj A, Daniluk T, Paprocka P, Savage PB, Bucki R. Ceragenin CSA-44 as a Means to Control the Formation of the Biofilm on the Surface of Tooth and Composite Fillings. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050491. [PMID: 35631012 PMCID: PMC9143991 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent oral infections, as manifested by endodontic and periodontal disease, are often caused by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Candida albicans (C. albicans). Here, we assessed the anti-biofilm activity of ceragenin CSA-44 against these microbes growing as a biofilm in the presence of saliva on the surface of human teeth and dental composite (composite filling) subjected to mechanical stresses. Methods: Biofilm mass analysis was performed using crystal violet (CV) staining. The morphology, viscoelastic properties of the biofilm after CSA-44 treatment, and changes in the surface of the composite in response to biofilm presence were determined by AFM microscopy. Results: CSA-44 prevented biofilm formation and reduced the mass of biofilm formed by tested microorganisms on teeth and dental composite. Conclusion: The ability of CSA-44 to prevent the formation and to reduce the presence of established biofilm on tooth and composite filling suggests that it can serve as an agent in the development of new methods of combating oral pathogens and reduce the severity of oral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Tokajuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
- Dentistry and Medicine Tokajuk, Żelazna 9/7, 15-297 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Sylwia J Chmielewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Karol Skłodowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Żaneta A Mierzejewska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland; (M.G.-D.); (A.T.)
| | - Adam Tołstoj
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland; (M.G.-D.); (A.T.)
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Paulina Paprocka
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Paul B Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (S.J.C.); (K.S.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-54-83
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Effect of denture liners surface modification with Equisetum giganteum and Punica granatum on Candida albicans biofilm inhibition. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:157-166. [PMID: 35195016 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the effect of denture liners surface modification with Equisetum giganteum (EG) and Punica granatum (PG) on Candida albicans biofilm inhibition supposing its usage as a sustained-release therapeutical delivery system for Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Materials & methods: C. albicans biofilm (SC5314 or ATCC 90028) was formed on soft liners superficially modified by a primer mixed to drugs at minimum inhibitory concentrations (0.100 g for EG and PG or 0.016 g for nystatin per ml of primer). After 24 h, 7 or 14 days, antibiofilm activity was evaluated by colony-forming unit counts. Results: Not all groups were equi-efficient to nystatin after 24 h and 7 days. After 14 days, EG and PG efficacies were not different from nystatin (almost 100% inhibition). Conclusion: The proposed protocol presents a promising option to allopathic drugs for Candida-associated denture stomatitis treatment.
Collapse
|
11
|
The importance of combining methods to assess Candida albicans biofilms following photodynamic inactivation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
12
|
Kinetics of Bacterial Inactivation by Peroxynitric Acid in the Presence of Organic Contaminants. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.01860-20. [PMID: 33127816 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01860-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma has been studied for disinfection purposes. When plasma is exposed to water, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are generated and preserved in the water fraction (plasma-treated water [PTW]), which consequently exhibits bactericidal activity. At low temperatures, one of the bactericidal components of PTW is peroxynitric acid (PNA). Importantly, PNA can also be synthesized by chemical reaction, without exposure to plasma. In this study, we evaluated the bactericidal properties of PNA based on reaction kinetics in comparison with other disinfectants. The analysis, based on dose-dependent effects, showed that PNA exhibited about 1 and 10 times the bactericidal activity of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and peracetic acid, respectively. In addition, we evaluated the influence of organic contaminants on the bactericidal effects of PNA and HOCl. The bactericidal potential of both disinfectants was reduced by bovine serum albumin (BSA); however, PNA showed about 30-times-higher resistance against BSA inhibition than HOCl. Analysis of the dose-dependent effects of PNA revealed that the inhibition of bactericidal effect was caused by its consumption. Further experiments using model substrates containing particular amino acid residues (Met, Cys, Lys, and Leu) suggested that the bacterial inactivation by PNA is less affected by BSA due to the low reactivity and narrow reactivity spectrum of PNA for amino acid residues. Overall, our results suggest that PNA has a great disinfection potential, especially in the presence of organic contaminants (e.g., on the surface of the human body and on medical instruments contaminated with biological fluids).IMPORTANCE A good disinfectant for the human body should have various properties, such as strong bactericidal activity, harmlessness to living tissues, and resistance against biological fluids (or other organic contaminants). Peroxynitric acid (PNA) showed a bactericidal effect that was several tens up to several hundred times higher per unit of molarity than that of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid, which are used as general disinfectants for medical equipment. Moreover, the high resistance of PNA to organic load was confirmed, indicating that PNA will inactivate bacteria effectively even on contaminated surfaces, such as used medical devices or the human body surface. Therefore, we propose that PNA can be used as a strong disinfectant for the human body.
Collapse
|
13
|
Silva TV, de Barros NR, Costa-Orlandi CB, Tanaka JL, Moro LG, Pegorin GS, Oliveira KSM, Mendes-Gianinni MJS, Fusco-Almeida AM, Herculano RD. Voriconazole-natural latex dressings for treating infected Candida spp. skin ulcers. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:1439-1452. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This work aimed to develop a membrane based on voriconazole (VCZ)-loaded natural rubber latex (NRL) for treating infected ulcers with Candida spp. and study their interaction, drug release, antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis and biological characterization. Materials & methods: VCZ-loaded NRL membrane was produced by casting method. Results: Infrared spectrum showed that the incorporation of VCZ into the NRL membrane maintained its characteristics. Its mechanical properties were considered suitable for dermal application. The VCZ was able to release from NRL membrane, maintaining its antifungal activity against C. parapsilosis, besides did not present hemolytic effects. Conclusion: The VCZ-NRL membrane showed good results in mechanical, antifungal and biological assays, representing an interesting alternative to treatment of infected wound with Candida spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thainá V da Silva
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natan R de Barros
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry & Chemical Technology Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Costa-Orlandi
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean L Tanaka
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lincoln G Moro
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Pegorin
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry & Chemical Technology Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kassandra SM Oliveira
- Rural Engineering & Socioeconomics Department, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria JS Mendes-Gianinni
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana M Fusco-Almeida
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rondinelli D Herculano
- Biotechnology & Bioprocesses Engineering Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fujiwara N, Murakami K, Yoshida K, Sakurai S, Kudo Y, Ozaki K, Hirota K, Fujii H, Suzuki M, Miyake Y, Yumoto H. Suppressive effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-polymer on the adherence of Candida species and MRSA to acrylic denture resin. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04211. [PMID: 32577575 PMCID: PMC7303995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-polymer on the adherence of microorganisms such as non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), frequently detected in oral infections in immunocompromised and/or elderly people, to denture resin material, are still unclear. Here, we report the effects of MPC-polymer on the adherence of C. albicans, NCAC, and MRSA to acrylic denture resin. Methods Sixteen strains of C. albicans, seven strains of C. glabrata, two strains of C. tropicalis, one strain of C. parapsilosis, and six strains of MRSA were used. We cultured the fungal/bacterial strains and examined the cell growth and adherence of fungi/bacteria to mucin-coated acrylic denture resin plates (ADRP) with or without MPC-polymer coating, by scanning electron microscopy. The cell surface hydrophobicity of the fungal/bacterial strains was measured by the adsorption to hydrocarbons. Results MPC-polymer did not affect the growth of all strains of Candida species and MRSA, but significantly suppressed adherence to ADRP in most strains of C. albicans and all strains of NCAC and MRSA. A significant positive correlation was found between cell hydrophobicity and the reduction rates of microbial adherence to ADRP treated with 5% of MPC-polymer. Conclusions MPC-polymer treatment for acrylic resin material suppresses the adherence of C. albicans, NCAC and MRSA via their hydrophilicity interaction. Clinical significance The application of MPC-polymer for denture hygiene is potent to prevent oral candidiasis, denture stomatitis and opportunistic infection, caused by Candida species and MRSA, via suppressing the adherence of those fungus/bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Fujiwara
- Department of Oral Health Care Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
- Corresponding author.
| | - Keiji Murakami
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Kaya Yoshida
- Department of Oral Health Care Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sakurai
- Life Science Products Division, NOF Corporation, 4-20-3 Ebisu, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-6019, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ozaki
- Department of Oral Health Care Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hirota
- Department of Medical Hygiene, Dental Hygiene Course, Kochi Gakuen College, 292-26 Asahi tenjin, Kochi 780-0955, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Maiko Suzuki
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
| | - Yoichiro Miyake
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yumoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jin J, Kim JY, Choi W, Lee MJ, Seo JY, Yu J, Kwon JS, Hong J, Choi SH. Incorporation of carboxybetaine methacrylate into poly(methyl methacrylate) to prevent multi-species biofilm formation. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
16
|
Reinhardt LC, Nascente PS, Ribeiro JS, Guimarães VBS, Etges A, Lund RG. Sensitivity to antifungals by Candida spp samples isolated from cases of chronic atrophic candidiasis (CAC). BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:266-272. [PMID: 31291399 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.190454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of choice for chronic atrophic candidiasis (CAC), also known as denture stomatitis, is topical antifungal therapy. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and assess the antifungal susceptibility of Candida species from mucosal sites in denture wearers with a diagnosis of CAC and determine the prevalence of associated variables. The sample consisted of 44 patients wearing complete or partial dentures who had a clinical diagnosis of CAC. Using sterile cotton swabs, specimens were collected from the oral mucosa of all patients and grown at 30ºC for 48 h in CHROMagar Candida, as a means of isolating and screening the species. The complementary identification of the species was performed using the VITEK 2 automated system (BioMérieux), as well as the determination of their susceptibility to antifungal agents. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. STATA 13.1 was used for statistical analysis (α = 5%). Of 44 patients with CAC, 33 (75%) had lesions classified as Newton type II. Yeasts were isolated in 38 cases. The most prevalent species was Candida albicans. None of the isolates were resistant to the antifungals tested. Our findings suggest that current indications for antifungal agents are appropriate. Also, antifungal susceptibility testing and proper fungal identification can help dentists to determine the optimal course of treatment for CAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L C Reinhardt
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia - PPGO, Laboratório de Microbiologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Sala 702/3, CEP , Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - P S Nascente
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - PPGBBio, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n, , Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| | - J S Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia - PPGO, Laboratório de Microbiologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Sala 702/3, CEP , Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - V B S Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia - PPGO, Laboratório de Microbiologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Sala 702/3, CEP , Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - A Etges
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Doenças da Boca - CDDB, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Sala 607, CEP , Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - R G Lund
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia - PPGO, Laboratório de Microbiologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Sala 702/3, CEP , Pelotas, RS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - PPGBBio, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n, , Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu L, Zhou P, Zhao W, Hua H, Yan Z. Fluorescence staining vs. routine KOH smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis—A diagnostic test. Oral Dis 2020; 26:941-947. [PMID: 32011074 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing China
- Department of Oral Medicine The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Stomatology Hangzhou China
| | - Peiru Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Oral Medicine Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Zhimin Yan
- Department of Oral Medicine Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fukuda S, Kawasaki Y, Izawa S. Ferrous chloride and ferrous sulfate improve the fungicidal efficacy of cold atmospheric argon plasma on melanized Aureobasidium pullulans. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
19
|
Ma J, Shi H, Sun H, Li J, Bai Y. Antifungal effect of photodynamic therapy mediated by curcumin on Candida albicans biofilms in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:280-287. [PMID: 31233886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canida albicans can cause opportunistic infections ranging from superficial mucous membrane lesions to life-threatening disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by curcumin (CUR) on C. albicans biofilms in vitro. METHODS One standard strain ATCC 90028 and two clinical isolates from HIV (CCA1) and oral lichen planus (CCA2) patients' oral cavities were used in this study. Biofilms were photosensitized with 60 μM CUR and irradiated by light emitting diode (LED) under the wavelength of 455 nm and energy densities of 2.64, 5.28, 7.92, 10.56, 13.2 J/cm2. Then the antifungal effects of CUR-PDT were evaluated by XTT reduction assay and confocal light scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations. The effects of CUR-PDT on the expression levels of hypha-specific and biofilm-related genes including EFG1, UME6, HGC1 and ECE1 were assessed by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The inhibition rates after CUR-PDT in three biofilms(ATCC 90028, CCA1, CCA2)were 90.87%, 66.44% and 86.74% respectively (p < 0.05). Relative gene expression levels of EFG1, UME6, HGC1 and ECE1 were all downregulated after CUR-PDT, with fold-decrease of 6.865, 3.382, 2.167 and 6.887 in ATCC 90028, 2.466, 2.146, 1.627 and 3.102 in CCA1, and 5.406, 2.347, 2.073and 3.711 in CCA2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Curcumin-mediated PDT could effectively inactivateCandida albicans biofilms in vitro. Expression of genes involved in biofilms formation were downregulated after CUR-PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hang Shi
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongying Sun
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiyang Li
- Institution: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Rd. Zhangheng, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Bai
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|