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Se J, Xie Y, Ma Q, Zhu L, Fu Y, Xu X, Shen C, Nannipieri P. Drying-wetting cycle enhances stress resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a model soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123988. [PMID: 38648967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Outbreaks of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 in farms are often triggered by heavy rains and flooding. Most cells die with the decreasing of soil moisture, while few cells enter a dormant state and then resuscitate after rewetting. The resistance of dormant cells to stress has been extensively studied, whereas the molecular mechanisms of the cross-resistance development of the resuscitated cells are poorly known. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis on O157:H7 before and after undergoing soil dry-wet alternation. A differential expression of 820 proteins was identified in resuscitated cells compared to exponential-phase cells, as determined by proteomics analysis. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that up-regulated proteins were associated with oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, ribosome activity, and transmembrane transporters, indicating increased energy production and protein synthesis in resuscitated O157:H7. Moreover, proteins related to acid, osmotic, heat, oxidative, antibiotic stress and horizontal gene transfer efficiency were up-regulated, suggesting a potential improvement in stress resistance. Subsequent validation experiments demonstrated that the survival rates of the resuscitated cells were 476.54 and 7786.34 times higher than the exponential-phase cells, with pH levels of 1.5 and 2.5, respectively. Similarly, resuscitated cells showed higher survival rates under osmotic stress, with 7.5%, 15%, and 30% NaCl resulting in survival rates that were 460.58, 1974.55, and 3475.31 times higher. Resuscitated cells also exhibited increased resistance to heat stress, with survival rates 69.64 and 139.72 times higher at 55 °C and 90 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) efficiency of resuscitated cells was significantly higher (153.12-fold) compared to exponential phase cells. This study provides new insights into bacteria behavior under changing soil moisture and this may explain O157:H7 outbreaks following rainfall and flooding, as the dry-wet cycle promotes stress cross-resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Se
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinan Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yulong Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Paolo Nannipieri
- Emeritus Professor, University of Firenze, Firenze, 50144, Italy
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Leseigneur C, Mondange L, Pizarro-Cerdá J, Dussurget O. Staphylococcus aureus NAD kinase is required for envelop and antibiotic stress responses. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105334. [PMID: 38556158 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Global burden of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance are major public health issues calling for innovative control measures. Bacterial NAD kinase (NADK) is a crucial enzyme for production of NADP(H) and growth. In Staphylococcus aureus, NADK promotes pathogenesis by supporting production of key virulence determinants. Here, we find that knockdown of NADK by CRISPR interference sensitizes S. aureus to osmotic stress and to stresses induced by antibiotics targeting the envelop as well as replication, transcription and translation. Thus, NADK represents a promising target for the development of inhibitors which could be used in combination with current antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Leseigneur
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbiology Department, CNRS UMR6047, Yersinia Research Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lou Mondange
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbiology Department, CNRS UMR6047, Yersinia Research Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Bacteriology Unit, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Javier Pizarro-Cerdá
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbiology Department, CNRS UMR6047, Yersinia Research Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Dussurget
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbiology Department, CNRS UMR6047, Yersinia Research Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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Xing Q, Mesbah NM, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhao B. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics reveals osmotic adaptation mechanisms in Alkalicoccus halolimnae BZ-SZ-XJ29 T , a halophilic bacterium with a broad salinity range for optimal growth. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:1967-1987. [PMID: 37271582 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The moderate halophilic bacterium Alkalicoccus halolimnae BZ-SZ-XJ29T exhibits optimum growth over a wide range of NaCl concentrations (8.3-12.3%, w/v; 1.42-2.1 mol L-1 ). However, its adaptive mechanisms to cope with high salt-induced osmotic stress remain unclear. Using TMT-based quantitative proteomics, the cellular proteome was assessed under low (4% NaCl, 0.68 mol L-1 NaCl, control (CK) group), moderate (8% NaCl, 1.37 mol L-1 NaCl), high (12% NaCl, 2.05 mol L-1 NaCl), and extremely high (16% NaCl, 2.74 mol L-1 NaCl) salinity conditions. Digital droplet PCR confirmed the transcription of candidate genes related to salinity. A. halolimnae utilized distinct adaptation strategies to cope with different salinity conditions. Mechanisms such as accumulating different amounts and types of compatible solutes (i.e., ectoine, glycine betaine, glutamate, and glutamine) and the uptake of glycine betaine and glutamate were employed to cope with osmotic stress. Ectoine synthesis and accumulation were critical to the salt adaptation of A. halolimnae. The expression of EctA, EctB, and EctC, as well as the intracellular accumulation of ectoine, significantly and consistently increased with increasing salinity. Glycine betaine and glutamate concentrations remained constant under the four NaCl concentrations. The total content of glutamine and glutamate maintained a dynamic balance and, when exposed to different salinities, may play a role in low salinity-induced osmoadaptation. Moreover, cellular metabolism was severely affected at high salt concentrations, but the synthesis of amino acids, carbohydrate metabolism, and membrane transport related to haloadptation was preserved to maintain cytoplasmic concentration at high salinity. These findings provide insights into the osmoadaptation mechanisms of moderate halophiles and can serve as a theoretical underpinning for industrial production and application of compatible solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Xing
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noha M Mesbah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Haisheng Wang
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- China Patent Technology Development Co, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baisuo Zhao
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhou P, Bu YX, Xu L, Xu XW, Shen HB. Understanding the mechanisms of halotolerance in members of Pontixanthobacter and Allopontixanthobacter by comparative genome analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1111472. [PMID: 36992937 PMCID: PMC10040529 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1111472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Halotolerant microorganisms have developed versatile mechanisms for coping with saline stress. With the increasing number of isolated halotolerant strains and their genomes being sequenced, comparative genome analysis would help understand the mechanisms of salt tolerance. Six type strains of Pontixanthobacter and Allopontixanthobacter, two phylogenetically close genera, were isolated from diverse salty environments and showed different NaCl tolerances, from 3 to 10% (w/v). Based on the co-occurrence greater than 0.8 between halotolerance and open reading frame (ORF) among the six strains, possible explanations for halotolerance were discussed regarding osmolyte, membrane permeability, transportation, intracellular signaling, polysaccharide biosynthesis, and SOS response, which provided hypotheses for further investigations. The strategy of analyzing genome-wide co-occurrence between genetic diversity and physiological characteristics sheds light on how microorganisms adapt to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Zhou,
| | - Yu-Xin Bu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Bin Shen
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, China
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Staphylococcus aureus Cell Wall Phenotypic Changes Associated with Biofilm Maturation and Water Availability: A Key Contributing Factor for Chlorine Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054983. [PMID: 36902413 PMCID: PMC10003762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are resistant to both antibiotics and disinfectants. As Staphylococci cell walls are an important defence mechanism, we sought to examine changes to the bacterial cell wall under different growth conditions. Cell walls of S. aureus grown as 3-day hydrated biofilm, 12-day hydrated biofilm, and 12-day dry surface biofilm (DSB) were compared to cell walls of planktonic organisms. Additionally, proteomic analysis using high-throughput tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry was performed. Proteins involved in cell wall synthesis in biofilms were upregulated in comparison to planktonic growth. Bacterial cell wall width (measured by transmission electron microscopy) and peptidoglycan production (detected using a silkworm larva plasma system) increased with biofilm culture duration (p < 0.001) and dehydration (p = 0.002). Similarly, disinfectant tolerance was greatest in DSB, followed by 12-day hydrated biofilm and then 3-day biofilm, and it was least in the planktonic bacteria--suggesting that changes to the cell wall may be a key factor for S. aureus biofilm biocide resistance. Our findings shed light on possible new targets to combat biofilm-related infections and hospital dry surface biofilms.
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Pei H, Wang J, Zhu C, Wang H, Fang M, Shu F, Wang H, Hu Y, Li B, Xue T. A novel gdmH-related gene, ghl, involved in environmental stress tolerance and vancomycin susceptibility in milk-derived Staphylococcus aureus. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112720. [PMID: 37087277 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main microorganisms that contaminate dairy products and pickled foods, and has a great impact on economy and human health. GdmH-related proteins, as important functional units widely present in Staphylococcus species, have not been reported in S. aureus so far. In this study, we identified a gdmH-related gene, named ghl. We found that mutation of ghl gene could decrease the tolerance of environmental stresses (heat, desiccation, salt and hydrogen peroxide) of S. aureus and enhanced the capacities of biofilm formation. In addition, the ghl mutant was more sensitive to vancomycin on CAMHB solid plates but more resistant to vancomycin in CAMHB liquid medium compared to wild type RMSA24. These results indicated that ghl is an important factor to respond to environmental stress in foodborne S. aureus. This paper for the first time reported that a GdmH-related protein plays an important role in environmental tolerance, providing a new direction for the follow-up study of GdmH-related proteins, as well as a potential target gene for further research on the tolerance mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus in food processing and the control of biofilm formation.
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7
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Deciphering the antibacterial mechanism of monocaprin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses and its application in pork preservation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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8
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Wang H, Hou X, Shen J, Wang W, Ye Y, Yu J, Xue T. Alternative sigma factor B reduces biofilm formation and stress response in milk-derived Staphylococcus aureus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Feng Y, Ming T, Zhou J, Lu C, Wang R, Su X. The Response and Survival Mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus under High Salinity Stress in Salted Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101503. [PMID: 35627073 PMCID: PMC9140498 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has a strong tolerance to high salt stress. It is a major reason as to why the contamination of S. aureus in salted food cannot be eradicated. To elucidate its response and survival mechanisms, changes in the morphology, biofilm formation, virulence, transcriptome, and metabolome of S. aureus were investigated. IsaA positively regulates and participates in the formation of biofilm. Virulence was downregulated to reduce the depletion of nonessential cellular functions. Inositol phosphate metabolism was downregulated to reduce the conversion of functional molecules. The MtsABC transport system was downregulated to reduce ion transport and signaling. Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was upregulated to improve cellular homeostasis. The betaine biosynthesis pathway was upregulated to protect the active structure of proteins and nucleic acids. Within a 10% NaCl concentration, the L-proline content was upregulated to increase osmotic stability. In addition, 20 hub genes were identified through an interaction analysis. The findings provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of salt-tolerant bacteria in salted foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.F.); (T.M.); (J.Z.); (C.L.); (X.S.)
- College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134000, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tinghong Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.F.); (T.M.); (J.Z.); (C.L.); (X.S.)
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.F.); (T.M.); (J.Z.); (C.L.); (X.S.)
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.F.); (T.M.); (J.Z.); (C.L.); (X.S.)
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Rixin Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-574-8760-8368
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.F.); (T.M.); (J.Z.); (C.L.); (X.S.)
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Aubourg M, Pottier M, Léon A, Bernay B, Dhalluin A, Cacaci M, Torelli R, Ledormand P, Martini C, Sanguinetti M, Auzou M, Gravey F, Giard JC. Inactivation of the Response Regulator AgrA Has a Pleiotropic Effect on Biofilm Formation, Pathogenesis and Stress Response in Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0159821. [PMID: 35138170 PMCID: PMC8826819 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01598-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that emerges as an important opportunistic pathogen. However, little is known about the regulation underlying the transition from commensal to virulent state. Based on knowledge of S. aureus virulence, we suspected that the agr quorum sensing system may be an important determinant for the pathogenicity of S. lugdunensis. We investigated the functions of the transcriptional regulator AgrA using the agrA deletion mutant. AgrA played a role in cell pigmentation: ΔargA mutant colonies were white while the parental strains were slightly yellow. Compared with the wild-type strain, the ΔargA mutant was affected in its ability to form biofilm and was less able to survive in mice macrophages. Moreover, the growth of ΔagrA was significantly reduced by the addition of 10% NaCl or 0.4 mM H2O2 and its survival after 2 h in the presence of 1 mM H2O2 was more than 10-fold reduced. To explore the mechanisms involved beyond these phenotypes, the ΔagrA proteome and transcriptome were characterized by mass spectrometry and RNA-Seq. We found that AgrA controlled several virulence factors as well as stress-response factors, which are well correlated with the reduced resistance of the ΔagrA mutant to osmotic and oxidative stresses. These results were not the consequence of the deregulation of RNAIII of the agr system, since no phenotype or alteration of the proteomic profile has been observed for the ΔRNAIII mutant. Altogether, our results highlighted that the AgrA regulator of S. lugdunensis played a key role in its ability to become pathogenic. IMPORTANCE Although belonging to the natural human skin flora, Staphylococcus lugdunensis is recognized as a particularly aggressive and destructive pathogen. This study aimed to characterize the role of the response regulator AgrA, which is a component of the quorum-sensing agr system and known to be a major element in the regulation of pathogenicity and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, we showed that, contrary to S. aureus, the agrA deletion mutant produced less biofilm. Inactivation of agrA conferred a white colony phenotype and impacted S. lugdunensis in its ability to survive in mice macrophages and to cope with osmotic and oxidative stresses. By global proteomic and transcriptomic approaches, we identified the AgrA regulon, bringing molecular bases underlying the observed phenotypes. Together, our data showed the importance of AgrA in the opportunistic pathogenic behavior of S. lugdunensis allowing it to be considered as an interesting therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Aubourg
- Université de Caen Normandie, Dynamicure, INSERM U1311, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Marine Pottier
- Université de Caen Normandie, Dynamicure, INSERM U1311, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, Caen, France
| | - Albertine Léon
- Université de Caen Normandie, Dynamicure, INSERM U1311, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, Caen, France
| | - Benoit Bernay
- Plateforme Proteogen SFR ICORE 4206, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Anne Dhalluin
- Université de Caen Normandie, Dynamicure, INSERM U1311, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Margherita Cacaci
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L. go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Torelli
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L. go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Martini
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L. go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L. go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Michel Auzou
- CHU de Caen, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Caen, France
| | - François Gravey
- Université de Caen Normandie, Dynamicure, INSERM U1311, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
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Feng Y, Gu D, Wang Z, Lu C, Fan J, Zhou J, Wang R, Su X. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the salinity stress response mechanisms based on transcriptome and metabolome of Staphylococcus aureus. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:28. [PMID: 34921629 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus possesses an extraordinary ability to deal with a wide range of osmotic pressure. This study performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses on the potential mechanism of gradient salinity stress adaptation in S. aureus ZS01. The results revealed that CPS biosynthetic protein genes were candidate target genes for directly regulating the phenotypic changes of biofilm. Inositol phosphate metabolism was downregulated to reduce the conversion of functional molecules. The gluconeogenesis pathway and histidine synthesis were downregulated to reduce the production of endogenous glucose. The pyruvate metabolism pathway was upregulated to promote the accumulation of succinate. TCA cycle metabolism pathway was downregulated to reduce unnecessary energy loss. L-Proline was accumulated to regulate osmotic pressure. Therefore, these self-protection mechanisms can protect cells from hypertonic environments and help them focus on survival. In addition, we identified ten hub genes. The findings will aid in the prevention and treatment strategies of S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dizhou Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingfeng Fan
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rixin Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. .,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo City, 315211, Zhejiang Province, China.
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12
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Microbiological Characteristics and Behavior of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcal Toxin during Making and Maturing Cotija Cheese. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11178154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cotija cheese is an artisanal matured Mexican cheese from unpasteurized milk. This work determined the microbiological characteristics and behavior of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcal toxin during cheese elaboration and ripening. Sixteen 20-kg cheeses were used, eight inoculated with 6 log CFU/mL of each pathogen, and eight uninoculated, and samples were taken at each stage of the process. In the uninoculated samples, the survival of S. aureus and L. monocytogenes decreased after 30 days of ripening. The average counts of S. aureus in milk, curd, and serum were 7 log MPN /mL, and 8.7 log MPN /g in cheese, decreasing from day 15. Salmonella spp. counts (initial inoculum: 7.2 log MPN /mL) decreased after 24 h, and L. monocytogenes counts (8.7 log MPN/g at 24 h) decreased from day 15 in the cheese. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not detected in any sample after 60 days of ripening, unlike S. aureus, which was detected at the end of the study. Lactic acid bacteria counts were 9 log CFU/mL in milk and whey and 7.2 log CFU/g in cheese. Pathogens behavior during the ripening process reduces the health risks by consuming products made with unpasteurized milk when subjected to ripening.
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13
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Comparative genomics of the sequential Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from the continuous imipenem stress evolution. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10655-10667. [PMID: 33151366 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic human pathogen that causes nosocomial infections, and the proportion of carbapenem resistance has recently dramatically increased in P. aeruginosa due to the overuse of them. In this study, strains G10 and G20, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem of 16 μg/ml and more than 32 μg/ml, were isolated during continuous subculture of cells exposed to stepwise increasing concentrations of imipenem, respectively. The genomes of G10 and G20 were sequenced and compared with parental strain (P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, G0). There were 59, 59, and 58 genes involved in antibiotic resistance which were predicted in G0, G10, and G20, respectively, while 374, 366, and 363 genes involved in virulence factors were identified among these three strains. Due to the significantly different MICs of imipenem and highly similar profiles of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors related genes among three strains, the specific genetic variations that occurred were identified and compared, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (InDels), and structural variations (SVs). The increase in the MIC of imipenem was proposed to be linked to mutations involved in polyamine biosynthesis, biofilm formation, OprD, and efflux pump functions. This study aims to clarify the underlying mechanism of imipenem resistance and provide alternative strategies for reducing resistance in P. aeruginosa. KEY POINTS: • Strains with different imipenem MIC were obtained via laboratory selection evolution. • Whole genomes of two strains with different MIC of imipenem were sequenced. • Underlying mechanism of imipenem resistance was clarified via comparative genomics.
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Analysis of Cytoplasmic and Secreted Proteins of Staphylococcus aureus Revealed Adaptive Metabolic Homeostasis in Response to Changes in the Environmental Conditions Representative of the Human Wound Site. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8071082. [PMID: 32698515 PMCID: PMC7409162 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus is mainly attributed to its capability to adjust to changes in environmental conditions, including those present on human skin or within a wound site. This study investigated the changes in the cytoplasmic and secreted proteins in S. aureus that occurred in response to alterations in the environmental parameters that could be found in the human wound site. In total, sixty differentially regulated cytoplasmic proteins were detected using a label-free quantification approach, and these proteins were classified into ten molecular functions: protein biosynthesis, glycolysis, signal transduction, metabolism, cell cycle, transport, energy generation, cell anchorage, nucleotide biosynthesis and unknown. These changes represented characteristic protein profiles when evaluated by principal component analysis. The bacterium responded to elevated NaCl at pH 6 by decreasing the abundance of the majority of cytoplasmic proteins, while at pH 8 there was an increase in the levels of cytoplasmic proteins in comparison to the untreated cells. The analysis of the secreted proteins showed that there was a high degree of difference in both the intensity and the distribution of many individual protein bands in response to environmental challenges. From these results, it was deduced that specific metabolic homeostasis occurred under each combination of defined environmental conditions.
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Huang Y, Ma FT, Ren Q. Function of the MOB kinase activator-like 1 in the innate immune defense of the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:440-448. [PMID: 32418908 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The monopolar spindle one binder (MOB) protein, a key signal transducer of the Hippo signaling pathway, is involved in growth control and cancer. In this study, a new MOB kinase activator-like 1 of the oriental river prawns, Macrobrachium nipponense, (MnMOB1) was isolated and characterized. The open reading frame of MnMOB1 consisted of 651 nucleotides that encoded 216 amino acid residues and contained the Mob1_phocein domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MnMOB1 clustered together with the MOB1 from Penaeus vannamei. The distribution of MnMOB1 expression in various tissues of normal prawn revealed that the MnMOB1 expression was highest in the hepatopancreas followed by those in the intestines, gill, heart, stomach, and hemocytes. In prawns challenged with Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the expression levels of MnMOB1 in the hepatopancreas, gills, and intestine were upregulated. Furthermore, the expression levels of crustins and anti-lipopolysaccharide factors in prawn injected with S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus and MnMOB1 knockdown were significantly decreased relative to those in the control group. These findings indicated that MnMOB1 is involved in the regulation of antimicrobial peptide expression and plays a crucial role in the innate immunity of M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China
| | - Fu-Tong Ma
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China.
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Tang C, Chen J, Zhang L, Zhang R, Zhang S, Ye S, Zhao Z, Yang D. Exploring the antibacterial mechanism of essential oils by membrane permeability, apoptosis and biofilm formation combination with proteomics analysis against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. Int J Med Microbiol 2020; 310:151435. [PMID: 32654773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the important causes of food poisoning and infectious diseases worldwide, it can produce a large number of virulence factors, enhance the colonization ability of the host so that it can quickly colonize and spread on the surface of the objects. Essential oil (EO) is one of the natural products with antimicrobial properties, can be used as an important source of antibacterial agent discovery, and has a broad development prospect. However, the unclear mechanisms of antibacterial action have become an obstacle to its further development and use. Hence, the objective of the present study was to reveal the antibacterial mechanism of EO from Amomum villosum Lour (A villosum Lour) against MRSA using label-free quantitative proteomics, investigate the effect of EO on the bacterial proteome, enzymatic activities and leakage of bacterial intracellular biomacromolecule. Proteomic analysis of MRSA in the presence of EO found that a total of 144 differential expressed proteins (DEPs) between the control and treatment group, in which 42 proteins were distinctly up-regulated and 102 proteins were down-regulated. Besides, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, determination of cell membrane permeability and apoptosis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, bacterial surface hydrophobicity, and biofilm formation measurement were performed. Collectively, the above results indicated that the cell membrane damage by EO leads to the loss of membrane integrity and causes leakage of intracellular macromolecular substances, inhibition of protein, and biofilm synthesis. These findings manifested that EO exerts antibacterial effect by multiple avenues and expands our understanding of the antibacterial mechanism, it has potential application value in food preservative and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailin Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, China
| | - Rongfei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sichen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxia Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Depo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Lin JC, Wang XZ, Shen T, Zhang JY. iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis reveals the mechanism underlying the changes in physiological activity in a glutamate racemase mutant strain of Streptococcus mutans UA159. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3719-3733. [PMID: 32338332 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans UA159 is responsible for human dental caries with robust cariogenic potential. Our previous study noted that a glutamate racemase (MurI) mutant strain (designated S. mutans FW1718), with the hereditary background of UA159, displayed alterations of morphogenesis, attenuated stress tolerance, and weakened biofilm-forming capabilities, accompanying with unclear mechanisms. In this study, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics to characterize the proteome profiles of the murI mutant strain vs. the wild-type strain in chemically defined media to elucidate the mechanisms by which S. mutans copes with MurI deficiency. Whole-cell proteins of S. mutans FW1718 and UA159 were assessed by iTRAQ-coupled LC-ESI-MS/MS. Furthermore, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by Mascot, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Among 1173 total bacterial proteins identified, 112 DEPs exhibited altered expression patterns in S. mutans UA159 with or without the murI mutation. The ΔmurI cells displayed an increase in the relative expression of 93 proteins (fold change ≥ 1.2, p < 0.05) and a decrease in 29 proteins (fold change ≤ 0.833, p < 0.05) compared with the wild-type cells. PPI analysis revealed a complex network of DEPs containing 191 edges and 122 nodes. The DEPs significantly upregulated after murI knockout had roles in diverse functional processes spanning cell-wall biosynthesis, energy production, and DNA replication and repair. We identified distinct variations and diverse modulators caused by murI mutation in the proteome of S. mutans, indicating that the modification of cell membrane structure, redistribution of energy metabolism and enhanced nucleic acid machinery contributed to the S. mutans response to specific environmental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Zhu Wang
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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