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Lee MMY, Kuan NL, Li ZY, Yeh KS. Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from companion animals with urinary tract infections. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296709. [PMID: 38227590 PMCID: PMC10790997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined 70 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates derived from companion animals with urinary tract infections in Taiwan. Overall, 81% (57/70) of the isolates carried extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) genes. ESBL genes were detected in 19 samples, with blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, and blaSHV being the predominant groups. pAmpC genes were detected in 56 isolates, with blaCIT and blaDHA being the predominant groups. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that sequence types (ST)11, ST15, and ST655 were prevalent. wabG, uge, entB, mrkD, and fimH were identified as primary virulence genes. Two isolates demonstrated a hypermucoviscosity phenotype in the string test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing exhibited high resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in ESBL-positive isolates but low resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Isolates carrying pAmpC genes exhibited resistance to penicillin-class β-lactams. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of K. pneumoniae in the context of the concept of One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Min Yi Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ling Kuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biology Division, Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tansui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yi Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Ha EJ, Hong SM, Kim SJ, Ahn SM, Kim HW, Choi KS, Kwon HJ. Tracing the Evolutionary Pathways of Serogroup O78 Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1714. [PMID: 38136748 PMCID: PMC10740950 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry, and O78 serogroup APEC strains are prevalent in chickens. In this study, we aimed to understand the evolutionary pathways and relationships between O78 APEC and other E. coli strains. To trace these evolutionary pathways, we classified 3101 E. coli strains into 306 subgenotypes according to the numbers and types of single nucleotide polymorphisms (RST0 to RST63-1) relative to the consensus sequence (RST0) of the RNA polymerase beta subunit gene and performed network analysis. The E. coli strains showed four apparently different evolutionary pathways (I-1, I-2, I-3, and II). The thirty-two Korean O78 APEC strains tested in this study were classified into RST4-4 (45.2%), RST3-1 (32.3%), RST21-1 (12.9%), RST4-5 (3.2%), RST5-1 (3.2%), and RST12-6 (3.2%), and all RSTs except RST21-1 (I-2) may have evolved through the same evolutionary pathway (I-1). A comparative genomic study revealed the highest relatedness between O78 strains of the same RST in terms of genome sequence coverage/identity and the spacer sequences of CRISPRs. The early-appearing RST3-1 and RST4-4 prevalence among O78 APEC strains may reflect the early settlement of O78 E. coli in chickens, after which these bacteria accumulated virulence and antibiotic resistance genes to become APEC strains. The zoonotic risk of the conventional O78 APEC strains is low at present, but the appearance of genetically distinct and multiple virulence gene-bearing RST21-1 O78 APEC strains may alert us to a need to evaluate their virulence in chickens as well as their zoonotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Ha
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 088026, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (S.-M.H.); (S.-J.K.)
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Seung-Min Hong
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 088026, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (S.-M.H.); (S.-J.K.)
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Seung-Ji Kim
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 088026, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (S.-M.H.); (S.-J.K.)
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Sun-Min Ahn
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Ho-Won Kim
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Kang-Seuk Choi
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 088026, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (S.-M.H.); (S.-J.K.)
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Hyuk-Joon Kwon
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.A.); (H.-W.K.)
- Laboratory of Poultry Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 088026, Republic of Korea
- Farm Animal Clinical Training and Research Center (FACTRC), GBST, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
- GeNiner Inc., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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3
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Gauba A, Rahman KM. Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Gram-Negative Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1590. [PMID: 37998792 PMCID: PMC10668847 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are exponentially increasing, posing one of the most urgent global healthcare and economic threats. Due to the lack of new therapies, the World Health Organization classified these bacterial species as priority pathogens in 2017, known as ESKAPE pathogens. This classification emphasizes the need for urgent research and development of novel targeted therapies. The majority of these priority pathogens are Gram-negative species, which possess a structurally dynamic cell envelope enabling them to resist multiple antibiotics, thereby leading to increased mortality rates. Despite 6 years having passed since the WHO classification, the progress in generating new treatment ideas has not been sufficient, and antimicrobial resistance continues to escalate, acting as a global ticking time bomb. Numerous efforts and strategies have been employed to combat the rising levels of antibiotic resistance by targeting specific resistance mechanisms. These mechanisms include antibiotic inactivating/modifying enzymes, outer membrane porin remodelling, enhanced efflux pump action, and alteration of antibiotic target sites. Some strategies have demonstrated clinical promise, such as the utilization of beta-lactamase inhibitors as antibiotic adjuvants, as well as recent advancements in machine-based learning employing artificial intelligence to facilitate the production of novel narrow-spectrum antibiotics. However, further research into an enhanced understanding of the precise mechanisms by which antibiotic resistance occurs, specifically tailored to each bacterial species, could pave the way for exploring narrow-spectrum targeted therapies. This review aims to introduce the key features of Gram-negative bacteria and their current treatment approaches, summarizing the major antibiotic resistance mechanisms with a focus on Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, potential directions for alternative therapies will be discussed, along with their relative modes of action, providing a future perspective and insight into the discipline of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khondaker Miraz Rahman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK;
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4
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Kulkarni A, Tanga S, Karmakar A, Hota A, Maji B. CRISPR-Based Precision Molecular Diagnostics for Disease Detection and Surveillance. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3927-3945. [PMID: 37788375 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive, rapid, and portable molecular diagnostics is the future of disease surveillance, containment, and therapy. The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has reminded us of the vulnerability of lives from ever-evolving pathogens. At the same time, it has provided opportunities to bridge the gap by translating basic molecular biology into therapeutic tools. One such molecular biology technique is CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) which has revolutionized the field of molecular diagnostics at the need of the hour. The use of CRISPR-Cas systems has been widespread in biology research due to the ease of performing genetic manipulations. In 2012, CRISPR-Cas systems were, for the first time, shown to be reprogrammable, i.e., capable of performing sequence-specific gene editing. This discovery catapulted the field of CRISPR-Cas research and opened many unexplored avenues in the field of gene editing, from basic research to therapeutics. One such field that benefitted greatly from this discovery was molecular diagnostics, as using CRISPR-Cas technologies enabled existing diagnostic methods to become more sensitive, accurate, and portable, a necessity in disease control. This Review aims to capture some of the trajectories and advances made in this arena and provides a comprehensive understanding of the methods and their potential use as point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshara Kulkarni
- Ashoka University, Department of Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Sadiya Tanga
- Ashoka University, Department of Chemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Arkadeep Karmakar
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN Block, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpita Hota
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN Block, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Basudeb Maji
- Ashoka University, Department of Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
- Ashoka University, Department of Chemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN Block, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
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5
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Bhusal B, Yadav B, Dawadi P, Rijal KR, Ghimire P, Banjara MR. Multi-drug Resistance, β-Lactamases Production, and Coexistence of bla NDM-1 and mcr-1 in Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates From a Referral Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Microbiol Insights 2023; 16:11786361231152220. [PMID: 36741474 PMCID: PMC9893399 DOI: 10.1177/11786361231152220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of pathogenic Escherichia coli to produce carbapenemase enzymes is a characteristic that allows them to resist various antibiotics, including last-resort antibiotics like colistin and carbapenem. Our objectives were to identify rapidly developing antibiotic resistance (AR), assess β-lactamases production, and detect mcr-1 and bla NDM-1 genes in the isolates. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in a referral hospital located in Kathmandu from November 2019 to December 2020 using standard laboratory and molecular protocols. Among 77 total E. coli isolates, 64 (83.1%) of them were categorized as MDR. Phenotypically 13 (20.3%) colistin-resistant, 30 (46.9%) ESBL and 8 (12.5%) AmpC producers, and 5 (7.8%) ESBL/AmpC co-producers were distributed among MDR-E. coli. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against the majority of MDR isolates were exhibited at 1 g/L. Of these 77 E. coli isolates, 24 (31.2%) were carbapenem-resistant. Among these carbapenem-resistant bacteria, 11 (45.9%) isolates were reported to be colistin-resistant, while 15 (62.5%) and 2 (8.3%) were MBL and KPC producers, respectively. Out of 15 MBL producers, 6 (40%) harbored bla NDM-1, and 8 (61.5%) out of 13 colistin-resistant pathogens possessed mcr-1. The resistance by colistin- and carbapenem were statistically associated (P < .001). However, only 2 (18.2%) of the co-resistant bacteria were found to have both genes. Our study revealed the highly prevalent MDR and the carbapenem-resistant E. coli and emphasized that the pathogens possess a wide range of capabilities to synthesize β-lactamases. These findings could assist to expand the understanding of AR in terms of enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhimarjun Bhusal
- Central Department of Microbiology,
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Bindeshwar Yadav
- Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center,
Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Prabin Dawadi
- Central Department of Microbiology,
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Komal Raj Rijal
- Central Department of Microbiology,
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Prakash Ghimire
- Central Department of Microbiology,
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Megha Raj Banjara
- Central Department of Microbiology,
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal,Megha Raj Banjara, Central Department of
Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Bagmati 44618, Nepal.
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6
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SP P, R ASK, KS J. Insights from the molecular docking analysis of compounds from Vitex negundoi with targets from Klebsiella pneumoniai causing urinary tract infection. Bioinformation 2022; 18:1062-1068. [PMID: 37693077 PMCID: PMC10484700 DOI: 10.6026/973206300181062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance among bacterial strains has emerged out to be a serious threat and contributes to the loss of effectiveness of the common antibiotics. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (blaNDM-1) is an enzyme present in several pathogenic bacteria with a high incidence in Klebsiella pneumoniaie and plays a crucial role in the development of antibacterial resistance. Mur enzymes are also important alternative drug targets in addition to blaNDM-1 which are crucial for the survival of the bacteria. Vitex negundoi is an aromatic medicinaltree with proven antibacterial properties. Fifteen compounds from V. negundo were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the target proteins blaNDM-1, Mur C, Mur E and Mur F of K. pneumoniae through molecular docking using the Glide (xp) module of Schrodinger. ADME toxicity was also predicted for all the fifteen compounds in the QikProp module. The docking results revealed that the compounds agnuside, negundoside and isoorientin showed promising inhibitory effects on all four targets blaNDM-1, Mur C, Mur E and Mur F of K. pneumoniae with docking scores greater than -7 kcal/mol and reasonable hydrogen bond interactions. The findings of this study provide a lead for developing novel drugs against potent multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha SP
- Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620024
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai - 600007
| | | | - Jayachandran KS
- Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620024
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7
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Hu K, Zhang J, Zou J, Zeng L, Li J, Wang J, Long W, Zhang X. Molecular characterization of NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae complex from a tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935165. [PMID: 36004335 PMCID: PMC9393607 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to clarify the molecular characterization of NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CREL) at a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China.MethodsAntimicrobial susceptibility and resistance genes were analyzed. Epidemiological relationship was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Conjugation experiments were performed to determine the transferability of plasmids. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of strains was implemented, and the genetic environment of the blaNDM-1- and mcr-9-carrying plasmids was analyzed.ResultsA total of 10 blaNDM-1-positive CREL isolates were identified. All isolates harbored multiple resistance genes. ECL68 and ECL78 co-produce blaNDM-1 and mcr-9. Among the four different sequence types (STs) detected, ST1466 was assigned as a novel ST. Six isolates exhibited highly similar PFGE patterns. Conjugation assay proved that all plasmids containing blaNDM-1 or mcr-9 could be transferred to the recipient Escherichia coli. WGS indicated that blaNDM-1 genes were carried by diverse plasmids, including IncHI2/IncN, IncX3, and one unclassified plasmid type. The backbone structure of these plasmids is involved in replication initiation (repAB), partitioning (parABM), and conjugation/type IV secretion (tra/virB). Analysis of the genetic environment showed that blaNDM-1 in three plasmids exhibited a highly similar structure to protype Tn125. Co-existence of blaNDM-1 and the colistin resistance gene mcr-9 was detected in the two isolates, ECL68 and ECL78. In ECL68, blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 were present on the same plasmid while located in two separate plasmids in ECL78. The genetic environment of mcr-9 was organized as IS26-wbuC-mcr-9-IS903-pcoS-pcoE-rcnA-rcnR, and the two-component system encoding genes qseC and qseB was not found in two plasmids, which could explain mcr-9-harboring strains’ colistin susceptibility.ConclusionsWe first report a nosocomial outbreak of NDM-1-producing E. cloacae complex ST177 in China. Conjugative plasmids contributed to the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The prevalence and even coexistence of blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 may further threaten public health. Our results highlight further surveillance for blaNDM-1, and mcr-9 is essential to prevent its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewang Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Zou
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingyi Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Molecular biology, Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzhang Long
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoli Zhang,
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Chen W, Liu Z, Lin H, Yang J, Liu T, Zheng J, Long X, Sun Z, Li J, Chen X. Occurrence of blaNDM-1-Positive Providencia spp. in a Pig Farm of China. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060713. [PMID: 35740120 PMCID: PMC9219741 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been extensively used to ensure the productivity of animals on intensive livestock farms. Accordingly, antimicrobial-resistant organisms, which can be transmitted to humans via the food chain, pose a threat to public health. The Enterobacterium antimicrobial resistance gene, blaNDM-1, is a transmissible gene that has attracted widespread attention. Here, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae carrying blaNDM-1 on an intensive pig farm. A total of 190 samples were collected from a pig farm in Hunan Province, China. Resistant isolates were selected using MacConkey agar with meropenem and PCR to screen for blaNDM-1-positive isolates. Positive strains were tested for conjugation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and whole-genome sequencing. Four blaNDM-1-positive Providencia strains were obtained, and multidrug resistance was observed in these strains. The structure carrying blaNDM-1 did not conjugate to E. coli J53 after three repeated conjugation assays. This suggests that, in intensive farming, attention should be focused on animal health and welfare to reduce the frequency of antibiotic usage. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the breeding industry should be included in systematic monitoring programs, including animal, human, and environmental monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hongguang Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiaomei Zheng
- Changsha Animal and Plant Disease Control Center, Changsha 410003, China;
| | - Xueming Long
- Hunan Provincial Institution of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Changsha 410006, China;
| | - Zhiliang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (Z.L.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (T.L.); (Z.S.)
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (X.C.)
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9
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Ding Z, Li Z, Zhao Y, Hao J, Li T, Liu Y, Zeng Z, Liu J. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of a Tigecycline-Resistant Acinetobacter pittii Isolate Carrying bla NDM-1 and the Novel bla OXA Allelic Variant bla OXA-1045. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:868152. [PMID: 35602052 PMCID: PMC9116503 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.868152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter pittii clinical strain from pleural fluid carrying a blaNDM–1 gene and a novel blaOXA gene, blaOXA–1045, was isolated and characterized. The AP2044 strain acquired two copies of the blaNDM–1 gene and six antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from other pathogens. According to the whole-genome investigation, the GC ratios of ARGs (50–60%) were greater than those of the chromosomal backbone (39.46%), indicating that ARGs were horizontally transferred. OXA-1045 belonged to the OXA-213 subfamily and the amino acid sequence of OXA-1045 showed 89% similarity to the amino acid sequences of OXA-213. Then, blaOXA–1045 and blaOXA–213 were cloned and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of β-lactams in the transformants were determined using the broth microdilution method. OXA-1045 was able to confer a reduced susceptibility to piperacillin and piperacillin-tazobactam compared to OXA-213. AP2044 strain exhibited low pathogenicity in Galleria mellonella infection models. The observation of condensed biofilm using the crystal violet staining method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggested that the AP2044 strain was a weak biofilm producer. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pump-related genes. The transcription level of adeB and adeJ genes increased significantly and was correlated with tigecycline resistance. Therefore, our genomic and phenotypic investigations revealed that the AP2044 strain had significant genome plasticity and natural transformation potential, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance in these unusual bacteria should be a concern for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyinqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingchen Hao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhangrui Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Hao J, Zhang B, Deng J, Wei Y, Xiao X, Liu J. Emergence of a Hypervirulent Tigecycline-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Co-producing blaNDM–1 and blaKPC–2 With an Uncommon Sequence Type ST464 in Southwestern China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:868705. [PMID: 35572689 PMCID: PMC9100695 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.868705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of blaNDM–1 and blaKPC–2 co-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains is currently attracting widespread attention, but little information is available about their tigecycline resistance, virulence, and prevalence in Southwest China. In July 2021, an extensively drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain AHSWKP25 whose genome contained both blaNDM–1 and blaKPC–2 genes was isolated from the blood of a patient with the malignant hematological disease in Luzhou, China. We investigated the resistance profiles of AHSWKP25 using microbroth dilution, agar dilution, modified carbapenemase inactivation (mCIM), and EDTA-modified carbapenemase inactivation methods (eCIM). The virulence of AHSWKP25 was assessed through string tests, serum killing assays, and a Galleria mellonella larval infection model. Conjugation and plasmid stability experiments were conducted to determine the horizontal transfer capacity of plasmids. And efflux pump phenotype test and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were used to determine its efflux pump activity. Sequencing of AHSWKP25 determined that AHSWKP25 belonged to ST464, which is resistant to antibiotics such as carbapenems, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, tigecycline, and fosfomycin. The efflux pump phenotype tests and RT-PCR results demonstrated that efflux pumps were overexpressed in the AHSWKP25, which promoted the tigecycline resistance of the bacteria. AHSWKP25 also showed hypervirulence and serum resistance in vitro model. AHSWKP25 carried several different plasmids that contained blaNDM–1, blaKPC–2, and mutated tet(A) genes. Sequence alignment revealed that the plasmids carrying blaNDM–1 and blaKPC–2 underwent recombination and insertion events, respectively. We demonstrated that an X3 plasmid carrying blaNDM–1 was transferred from pSW25NDM1 to E. coli J53. We also identified missense mutations in the ramR, rcsA, lon, and csrD genes of AHSWKP25. Our results highlighted the potential of blaNDM–1 and blaKPC–2 co-producing K. pneumoniae strains to further develop antimicrobial resistance and hypervirulent phenotypes, but measures should be taken to closely monitor and control the spread of superbugs with multidrug-resistant phenotypes and hypervirulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Hao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bangqin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshuai Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbo Liu,
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11
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Jiang C, Pan X, Grossart HP, Lin L, Shi J, Yang Y. Vertical and horizontal distributions of clinical antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial communities in Danjiangkou Reservoir, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61163-61175. [PMID: 34173145 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Danjiangkou Reservoir is an important water source for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The current anthropogenic pollution of this reservoir is a great public health concern. Therefore, the horizontal and vertical distributions of seven clinical antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacterial communities in the Danjiangkou Reservoir were investigated using qPCR and next-generation sequencing, respectively. The average relative abundance of ARGs was 3.01 × 10-4 to 1.90 × 10-3 and 4.66 × 10-4 to 1.85 × 10-3 in horizontal and vertical profiles, respectively. There was a significant difference in the vertical composition of ARGs, which was caused by different media (i.e. water column vs. sediment). No significant differences in the composition of ARGs were found in the horizontal profile. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, followed by Actinobacteria in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The beta diversity pattern of the microbial communities in the vertical profile was consistent with that of the ARGs. Moreover, a significant difference in the horizontal composition of the bacterial communities among these water columns was found. All of these factors have resulted in noticeably different co-occurrence patterns of ARGs and bacterial communities between water columns and surface sediment samples. ARGs were closely associated with Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi in the sediment samples, indicating potential anthropogenic pollution in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Although there was no significant correlation between the occurrence of ARGs and 11 opportunistic pathogens, our results point to potential risks for the development of multi-resistant pathogens due to the simultaneous presence of ARGs and pathogens in the study area. These results provide a good basis for thorough ecological evaluation and remediation of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo Road No.1, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of the Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiong Pan
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), 16775, Neuglobsow, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Li Lin
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Jingya Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo Road No.1, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of the Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lumo Road No.1, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Center of the Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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12
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Stachurová T, Piková H, Bartas M, Semerád J, Svobodová K, Malachová K. Beta-lactam resistance development during the treatment processes of municipal wastewater treatment plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130749. [PMID: 33971421 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work monitored the effect of a municipal and a village wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) technology on the fate of beta-lactam resistance genes in bacterial populations in different phases of the wastewater treatment process. In case of the municipal WWTP1, the bacteria possessing a high ampicillin resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 20 mg/mL) accumulated in the sedimentation tank, which was accompanied with a higher concentration of ampicillin in the wastewater samples (28.09 ng/L) and an increase in the relative abundance of the blaTEM gene in the bacterial population. However, an opposite trend was revealed with the blaNDM-1 gene, making the sedimentation processes of WWTP1 crucial only for the accumulation of the blaTEM gene. Similarly, the comparison with the WWTP2 showed that the accumulation of the ampicillin resistance in bacterial population probably depended on the WWTP technology and wastewater composition. Out of the four tested resistance genes (blaTEM, blaKPC, blaNDM-1, and blaOXA-48), blaTEM and blaNDM-1 genes were the only two detected in this study. According to NGS analysis of bacterial 16 S rRNA gene, Gammaproteobacteria dominated the ampicillin-resistant bacteria of the WWTP sedimentation tanks. Their relative abundance in the bacterial population also increased during the sedimentation processes in WWTP1. It could indicate the role of the bacterial taxon in ampicillin resistance accumulation in this WWTP and show that only 9.29% of the original bacterial population from the nitrification tank is involved in the documented shifts in beta-lactam resistance of the bacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Stachurová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ-710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Piková
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ-710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bartas
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ-710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Svobodová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Microbiology and ATB Center, General University Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 2, CZ-128 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Malachová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ-710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Li Z, Ding Z, Yang J, Liu Y, Jin X, Xie J, Li T, Ding Y, Zeng Z, Liu J. Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Southwest China: Molecular Characteristics and Risk Factors Caused by KPC and NDM Producers. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3145-3158. [PMID: 34413658 PMCID: PMC8370685 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s324244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection has attracted worldwide concern and became a serious challenge for clinical treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the molecular characteristics and risk factors for CRKP infection. Methods All the CRKP strains were screened for antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes, and integron by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasmid typing was performed by plasmid conjugation assay and PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT). The genetic environments of blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 were analyzed by using overlapping PCR and molecular typing was performed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Risk factors for CRKP infection were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results All the 66 CRKP isolates were multidrug-resistant, but all of them were susceptible to tigecycline and polymyxin B. Among the CRKP isolates, 42 blaKPC-2-positive strains were identified carrying IncFII plasmids. Meanwhile, 24 blaNDM-positive strains were found on lncX3 plasmids, including 20 blaNDM-1 isolates and 4 blaNDM-5 isolates. Most of CRKP isolates contained several virulence genes and the class I integron (intl1). The genetic environments of blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 revealed that the conserved regions (tnpA-tnpR-ISkpn8-blaKPC-2) and (blaNDM-1-bleMBL-trpF-tat) were associated with the dissemination of KPC-2 and NDM-1. ST11 was the most common type in this work. Hematological disease, tracheal cannula, and use of β-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitor combination were identified as independent risk factors for CRKP infection. Conclusion This study established the resistance pattern, molecular characteristics, clonal relatedness, and risk factors of CRKP infection. The findings of the novel strain that co-harboring blaNDM-5 and blaIMP-4, and the novel ST4495 indicated that the brand-new types have spread in Southwest China, emphasizing the prevent and control the further dissemination of CRKP isolates are highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyinqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingling Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhuan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangrui Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Zahid I, Sarwar A, Hussain A, Sohail M, Amin A. Antibiotyping and genotyping of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella sp. isolated from clinical samples of Lahore, Pakistan. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:633-641. [PMID: 33969606 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of XDR Salmonella among local population of Lahore and genotyping of isolates for antibiotic-resistant genes. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 200 blood samples from suspected typhoid fever patients were collected. One hundred and fifty-seven bacterial samples were confirmed as Salmonella Typhi and 23 samples were confirmed as Salmonella Paratyphi after biochemical, serological and PCR based molecular characterization. Antibiogram analysis classified 121 (67·2%) Salmonella isolates as MDR and 62 isolates (34·4%) as XDR. The predominant resistance gene was ampC with 47·7% prevalence, followed by gyrA, catA1, tet(A), aac (3)-la, qnrS, blaNDM-1 and blaCTX-M-15 genes in 45·5, 40, 21·6, 18·3, 11·6, 2·2 and 0·5% isolates respectively. Sequence analysis showed the presence of sul1 and dfrA7 gene cassette arrays in 12 class 1 integron integrase positive isolates. CONCLUSION Large number of clinical XDR S. Typhi-resistant against third generation cephalosporins have been reported. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The current study highlights the possible emergence of clinical XDR S. Typhi cases in Lahore, Pakistan. Potential attribution of phenotypic and genotypic XDR cases may help to contribute targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Zahid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Sarwar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abid Hussain
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University Islamabad, QIE Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University Islamabad, QIE Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aatif Amin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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15
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Rad ZR, Rad ZR, Goudarzi H, Goudarzi M, Alizade H, Mazraeh FN, Sharahi JY, Ardebili A, Hashemi A. Detection of NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 and ST147 in Iran during 2019-2020. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2021. [PMID: 33974553 DOI: 10.1556/030.2021.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbapenems are employed to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria including Klebsiella pneumoniae. This research is aimed to perform phenotypic detection of β-lactamases and molecular characterization of NDM-1 positive K. pneumoniae isolates. Another objective is to investigate NDM-1 producing K. pneumoniae among children in Iran. From 2019 to 2020, altogether 60 K. pneumoniae isolates were acquired from various patients in certain Iranian hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. In addition, mCIM and eCIM were used to confirm the production of carbapenemases and metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs), respectively. Detection of resistance genes namely, blaNDM-1, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaKPC, blaOXA-48-like, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and mcr-1 was performed by PCR and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was employed to determine the molecular typing of the strains. According to the findings, the highest rate of carbapenem resistance was detected against doripenem 83.3% (50). Moreover, 31.7% (19) were resistant to colistin. Further to the above, altogether 80% (48) were carbapenemase-producing isolates and among them 46.7% (28) of the isolates were MBL and 33.3% (20) isolates were serine β-lactamase producer. According to the PCR results, 14 isolates produced blaNDM-1. Remarkably, four blaNDM-1 positive isolates were detected in children. In addition, these isolates were clonally related as determined by MLST (ST147, ST15). Altogether ten blaNDM-1 positive isolates were ST147 and four blaNDM-1 positive isolates were ST15. Based on the results, the emergence of NDM-producing K. pneumoniae among children is worrying and hence, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive program to control antibiotic resistance in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Riahi Rad
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Riahi Rad
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Alizade
- 2Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fariba Naeimi Mazraeh
- 3Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Javad Yasbolaghi Sharahi
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Ardebili
- 4Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liao W, Liu Y, Zhang W. Virulence evolution, molecular mechanisms of resistance and prevalence of ST11 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in China: A review over the last 10 years. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 23:174-180. [PMID: 32971292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequence type 11 (ST11) carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has become the dominant clone in China. In this review, we trace the prevalence of ST11 CRKP in the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET), the key antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and virulence evolution. The recent emergence of ST11 carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) strains in China due to the acquisition of a pLVPK-like virulence plasmid, which may cause severe infections in relatively healthy individuals that are difficult to treat with current antibiotics, has attracted worldwide attention. There is a very close linkage among IncF plasmids, NTEKPC and ST11 K. pneumoniae in China. Hybrid conjugative virulence plasmids are demonstrated to readily convert a ST11 CRKP strain to a CR-hvKP strain via conjugation. Understanding the molecular evolutionary mechanisms of resistance and virulence-bearing plasmids as well as the prevalence of ST11 CRKP in China allows improved tracking and control of such organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Yong wai zheng jie No. 17, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Yong wai zheng jie No. 17, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Yong wai zheng jie No. 17, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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