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Steuber J, Fritz G. The Na +-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (Na +-NQR): Physiological role, structure and function of a redox-driven, molecular machine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149485. [PMID: 38955304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Many bacterial processes are powered by the sodium motive force (smf) and in case of pathogens, the smf contributes to virulence. Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of Cholera disease, possesses a Na+-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQR), a six-subunit membrane protein assembly. The 3D structure of NQR revealed the arrangement of the six subunits NqrABCDEF, the position of all redox cofactors (four flavins, two [2Fe-2S] centers) and the binding sites for the substrates NADH (in NqrF) and ubiquinone (in NqrB). Upon oxidation of NADH, electrons are shuttled twice across the membrane, starting with cytoplasmic FADNqrF and electron transfer to the [2Fe2S] clusterNqrF and from there to an intra-membranous [2Fe-2S] clusterNqrDE, periplasmic FMNNqrC, FMNNqrB and from there to riboflavinNqrB. This riboflavin is located at the cytoplasmic entry site of the sodium channel in NqrB, and it donates electrons to ubiquinone-8 positioned at the cytoplasmic side of NqrB. Targeting the substrate binding sites of NQR is a promising strategy to identify new inhibitors against many bacterial pathogens. Detailed structural information on the binding mode of natural inhibitors and small molecules in the active sites of NQR is now available, paving the way for the development of new antibiotics. The NQR shows different conformations as revealed in recent cryo-EM and crystallographic studies combined with spectroscopic analyses. These conformations represent distinct steps in the catalytic cycle. Considering the structural and functional data available, we propose a mechanism of Na+-NQR based on conformational coupling of electron transfer and Na+ translocation reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steuber
- Institute of Biology, Department of Cellular Microbiology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Günter Fritz
- Institute of Biology, Department of Cellular Microbiology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Kracher D, Lanzmaier T, Carneiro LV. Active roles of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in human pathogenicity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2024; 1872:141012. [PMID: 38492831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2024.141012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are redox enzymes widely studied for their involvement in microbial and fungal biomass degradation. The catalytic versatility of these enzymes is demonstrated by the recent discovery of LPMOs in arthropods, viruses, insects and ferns, where they fulfill diverse functions beyond biomass conversion. This mini-review puts a spotlight on a recently recognized aspect of LPMOs: their role in infectious processes in human pathogens. It discusses the occurrence and potential biological mechanisms of LPMOs associated with human pathogens and provides an outlook on future avenues in this emerging and exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kracher
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Tina Lanzmaier
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Leonor Vieira Carneiro
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Lages MA, do Vale A, Lemos ML, Balado M. Remodulation of bacterial transcriptome after acquisition of foreign DNA: the case of irp-HPI high-pathogenicity island in Vibrio anguillarum. mSphere 2024; 9:e0059623. [PMID: 38078732 PMCID: PMC10826351 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00596-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The high-pathogenicity island irp-HPI is widespread in Vibrionaceae and encodes the siderophore piscibactin, as well as the regulator PbtA that is essential for its expression. In this work, we aim to study whether PbtA directly interacts with irp-HPI promoters. Furthermore, we hypothesize that PbtA, and thereby the acquisition of irp-HPI island, may also influence the expression of other genes elsewhere in the bacterial genome. To address this question, an RNAseq analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes after pbtA deletion in Vibrio anguillarum RV22 genetic background. The results showed that PbtA not only modulates the irp-HPI genes but also modulates the expression of a plethora of V. anguillarum core genome genes, inducing nitrate, arginine, and sulfate metabolism, T6SS1, and quorum sensing, while repressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production, MARTX toxin, and major porins such as OmpV and ChiP. The direct binding of the C-terminal domain of PbtA to piscibactin promoters (PfrpA and PfrpC), quorum sensing (vanT), LPS transporter wza, and T6SS structure- and effector-encoding genes was demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying the expression of irp-HPI island and its impact on Vibrios transcriptome, with implications in pathogenesis.IMPORTANCEHorizontal gene transfer enables bacteria to acquire traits, such as virulence factors, thereby increasing the risk of the emergence of new pathogens. irp-HPI genomic island has a broad dissemination in Vibrionaceae and is present in numerous potentially pathogenic marine bacteria, some of which can infect humans. Previous works showed that certain V. anguillarum strains exhibit an expanded host range plasticity and heightened virulence, a phenomenon linked to the acquisition of the irp-HPI genomic island. The present work shows that this adaptive capability is likely achieved through comprehensive changes in the transcriptome of the bacteria and that these changes are mediated by the master regulator PbtA encoded within the irp-HPI element. Our results shed light on the broad implications of horizontal gene transfer in bacterial evolution, showing that the acquired DNA can directly mediate changes in the expression of the core genome, with profounds implications in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A. Lages
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana do Vale
- Fish Immunology and Vaccinology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel L. Lemos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Balado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Tang Y, Yu P, Chen L. Identification of Antibacterial Components and Modes in the Methanol-Phase Extract from a Herbal Plant Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081640. [PMID: 37107435 PMCID: PMC10137656 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in bacterial resistance and the decline in the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents are challenging issues for the control of infectious diseases. Traditional Chinese herbal plants are potential sources of new or alternative medicine. Here, we identified antimicrobial components and action modes of the methanol-phase extract from an edible herb Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn, which had a 68.18% inhibition rate against 22 species of common pathogenic bacteria. The extract was purified using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC), and three separated fragments (Fragments 1-3) were obtained. Fragment 1 significantly elevated cell surface hydrophobicity and membrane permeability but reduced membrane fluidity, disrupting the cell integrity of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens tested (p < 0.05). Sixty-six compounds in Fragment 1 were identified using Ultra-HPLC and mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). The identified oxymorphone (6.29%) and rutin (6.29%) were predominant in Fragment 1. Multiple cellular metabolic pathways were altered by Fragment 1, such as the repressed ABC transporters, protein translation, and energy supply in two representative Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains (p < 0.05). Overall, this study demonstrates that Fragment 1 from P. kleiniana Wight et Arn is a promising candidate for antibacterial medicine and food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai 201306, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Pan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai 201306, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lanming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai 201306, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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5
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Creasy-Marrazzo A, Saber MM, Kamat M, Bailey LS, Brinkley L, Cato E, Begum Y, Rashid MM, Khan AI, Qadri F, Basso KB, Shapiro BJ, Nelson EJ. Genome-wide association studies reveal distinct genetic correlates and increased heritability of antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio cholerae under anaerobic conditions. Microb Genom 2022; 8:mgen000905. [PMID: 36748512 PMCID: PMC9837564 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic formulary is threatened by high rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among enteropathogens. Enteric bacteria are exposed to anaerobic conditions within the gastrointestinal tract, yet little is known about how oxygen exposure influences AMR. The facultative anaerobe Vibrio cholerae was chosen as a model to address this knowledge gap. We obtained V. cholerae isolates from 66 cholera patients, sequenced their genomes, and grew them under anaerobic and aerobic conditions with and without three clinically relevant antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, doxycycline). For ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) increased under anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic conditions. Using standard resistance breakpoints, the odds of classifying isolates as resistant increased over 10 times for ciprofloxacin and 100 times for azithromycin under anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic conditions. For doxycycline, nearly all isolates were sensitive under both conditions. Using genome-wide association studies, we found associations between genetic elements and AMR phenotypes that varied by oxygen exposure and antibiotic concentrations. These AMR phenotypes were more heritable, and the AMR-associated genetic elements were more often discovered, under anaerobic conditions. These AMR-associated genetic elements are promising targets for future mechanistic research. Our findings provide a rationale to determine whether increased MICs under anaerobic conditions are associated with therapeutic failures and/or microbial escape in cholera patients. If so, there may be a need to determine new AMR breakpoints for anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashton Creasy-Marrazzo
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA,Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Morteza M. Saber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Manasi Kamat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laura S. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lindsey Brinkley
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emilee Cato
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yasmin Begum
- Infectious Diseases Division (IDD) and Nutrition and Clinical Services Division (NCSD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahbubur Rashid
- Infectious Diseases Division (IDD) and Nutrition and Clinical Services Division (NCSD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashraful I. Khan
- Infectious Diseases Division (IDD) and Nutrition and Clinical Services Division (NCSD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Infectious Diseases Division (IDD) and Nutrition and Clinical Services Division (NCSD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kari B. Basso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - B. Jesse Shapiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Gainesville, FL, USA,*Correspondence: B. Jesse Shapiro,
| | - Eric J. Nelson
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA,*Correspondence: Eric J. Nelson,
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Nasreen T, Islam MT, Liang KYH, Johura FT, Kirchberger PC, Hill E, Sultana M, Case RJ, Alam M, Boucher YF. Dynamic Subspecies Population Structure of Vibrio cholerae in Dhaka, Bangladesh. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:730-745. [PMID: 34633491 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cholera has been endemic to the Ganges Delta for centuries. Although the causative agent, Vibrio cholerae, is autochthonous to coastal and brackish water, cholera occurs continually in Dhaka, the inland capital city of Bangladesh which is surrounded by fresh water. Despite the persistence of this problem, little is known about the environmental abundance and distribution of lineages of V. cholerae, the most important being the pandemic generating (PG) lineage consisting mostly of serogroup O1 strains. To understand spatial and temporal dynamics of PG lineage and other lineages belonging to the V. cholerae species in surface water in and around Dhaka City, we used qPCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Seven different freshwater sites across Dhaka were investigated for six consecutive months, and physiochemical parameters were measured in situ. Total abundance of V. cholerae was found to be relatively stable throughout the 6-month sampling period, with 2 × 105 to 4 × 105 genome copies/L at six sites and around 5 × 105 genome copies/L at the site located in the most densely populated part of Dhaka City. PG O1 V. cholerae was present in high abundance during the entire sampling period and composed between 24 and 92% of the total V. cholerae population, only showing occasional but sudden reductions in abundance. In instances where PG O1 lost its dominance, other lineages underwent a rapid expansion while the size of the total V. cholerae population remained almost unchanged. Intraspecies richness of V. cholerae was positively correlated with salinity, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS), while it was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in water. Interestingly, negative correlation was observed specifically between PG O1 and salinity, even though the changes in this variable were minor (0-0.8 ppt). Observations in this study suggest that at the subspecies level, population composition of naturally occurring V. cholerae can be influenced by fluctuations in environmental factors, which can lead to altered competition dynamics among the lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Nasreen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Y H Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Fatema-Tuz Johura
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Paul C Kirchberger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas At Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Eric Hill
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Hospital System, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marzia Sultana
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rebecca J Case
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Munirul Alam
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yann F Boucher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Hospital System, Singapore, Singapore.
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Islam MT, Liang K, Orata FD, Im MS, Alam M, Lee CC, Boucher YF. Vibrio tarriae sp. nov., a novel member of the Cholerae clade. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of bacteria with close resemblance to
Vibrio cholerae
have been isolated over the years by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which could not be assigned a proper taxonomic designation on the basis of the results from preliminary identification methods. Nine such isolates have been found to share 16S rRNA gene identity exceeding 99 % with V. cholerae, yet DNA–DNA hybridization (60.4–62.1 %) and average nucleotide identity values (94.4–95.1 %) were below the species cut-off, indicating a potentially novel species. Phylogenetic analysis of core genomes places this group of isolates in a monophyletic clade, within the ‘Cholerae clade’, but distinct from any other species. Extensive phenotypic characterization reveals unique biochemical properties that distinguish this novel species from
V. cholerae
. Comparative genomic analysis reveals a unique set of siderophore genes, indicating that iron acquisition strategies could be vital for the divergence of the novel species from a common ancestor with
V. cholerae
. On the basis of the genetic, phylogenetic and phenotypic differences observed, we propose that these isolates represent a novel species of the genus
Vibrio
, for which the name Vibrio tarriae sp. nov. is proposed. Strain 2521-89 T (= DSM 112461=CCUG 75318), isolated from lake water, is the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tarequl Islam
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Kevin Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Fabini D. Orata
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Monica S. Im
- Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Munirul Alam
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Christine C. Lee
- Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yann F. Boucher
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and National University Hospital System, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Sequence Polymorphisms in Vibrio cholerae HapR Affect Biofilm Formation under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0104422. [PMID: 35969071 PMCID: PMC9469714 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01044-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of hapR sequence mutations on the biofilm formation of Vibrio cholerae. In this study, hapR sequences from 85 V. cholerae strains belonging to both pandemic and nonpandemic serogroup were investigated through phylogenetic and sequence analyses. Biofilm formation assays under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were also performed. Sequence variations include single point mutations and insertions/deletions (indels) leading to either truncated or frameshifted HapR. Population structure analysis revealed two major hapR haplogroups, hapR1 and hapR2. Phylogenetic reconstruction displayed a hypothetical ancestral hapR sequence located within the hapR1 haplogroup. Higher numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic diversity indices were observed in hapR1, while indels occurred dominantly in hapR2. Aerobic conditions supported more robust biofilms compared to anaerobic conditions. Strains with frameshifted HapR produced the largest amount of biofilm under both oxygen conditions. Quantitative real-time PCR assay confirmed that strains with truncated and frameshifted HapR resulted in a nonfunctional regulator as exhibited by the significantly low hapA gene expression. The present study shows that HapR mutations had a strong influence on biofilm formation and that sequence polymorphisms leading to the disruption of DNA-binding sites or dimerization of the HapR will result in more-robust V. cholerae biofilms. IMPORTANCE Our study revealed an ancestral hapR sequence from a phylogenetic reconstruction that displayed the evolutionary lineage of the nonpandemic to the pandemic strains. Here, we established hapR1 and hapR2 as major hapR haplogroups. The association of the O1 and O139 serogroups with the hapR2 haplogroup demonstrated the distinction of hapR2 in causing cholera infection. Moreover, mutations in this regulator that could lead to the disruption of transcription factor-binding sites or dimerization of the HapR can significantly affect the biofilm formation of V. cholerae. These observations on the relationship of the hapR polymorphism and V. cholerae biofilm formation will provide additional considerations for future biofilm studies and insights into the epidemiology of the pathogen that could ultimately help in the surveillance and mitigation of future cholera disease outbreaks.
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Patra SK, Sinha N, Molla F, Sengupta A, Chakraborty S, Roy S, Ghosh S. In-vivo protein nitration facilitates Vibrio cholerae cell survival under anaerobic, nutrient deprived conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109358. [PMID: 35872323 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration (PTN), a highly selective post translational modification, occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under nitrosative stress. However, its physiological function is not yet clear. Like many gut pathogens, Vibrio cholerae also faces nitrosative stress, which makes proteome more vulnerable to PTN. Here, we report for the first time in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae by immunoblotting and LC-ESI-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Our results indicated that in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae was culture media independent. Surprisingly, in-vivo PTN was reduced in V. cholerae proteome under anaerobic or hypoxic condition in a nutrient deprived state. Interestingly, intracellular nitrate content was more than the nitrite content in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. Additionally, biochemical measurement of GSH/GSSG ratio, activities of catalase and SOD, ROS and RNS imaging by confocal microscopy confirmed a relative intracellular oxidizing environment in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. This altered redox environment favors the oxidation of nitrite which may be generated from protein denitration enriching the intracellular nitrate pool. The cell survival of V. cholerae can finally be facilitated by nitrate reductase (NapA) utilizing that nitrate pool. Our cell viability study using wild type and ΔnapA strain of V. cholerae also supported the role of NapA mediated cell survival under nutrient deprived anaerobic conditions. In spite of having nitrate reductase (NapA), V. cholerae lacks any nitrite reductase (NiR). Hence, in-vivo nitration may provide an avenue for toxic nitrite storage and also may help in nitrosative stress tolerance mechanism preventing further unnecessary protein nitration in V. cholerae proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Patra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Firoz Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayantika Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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10
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Li D, He Y, Zheng Y, Zhang S, Zhang H, Lin L, Wang D. Metaproteomics reveals unique metabolic niches of dominant bacterial groups in response to rapid regime shifts during a mixed dinoflagellate bloom. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153557. [PMID: 35114235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of bacterial composition and metabolic activity during a distinct phytoplankton bloom have been reported. However, there is limited information on the bacterial community response to drastic environmental changes caused by species succession during a mixed-species bloom. This study investigated active bacterial groups and metabolic activity during a mixed bloom formed by dinoflagellates Prorocentrum obtusidens and Karenia mikimotoi using a metaproteomic approach. Bacterial community structure and dominant bacterial groups varied rapidly with the bloom regime shifts caused by species succession. Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio dominated the bacterial community in the P. obtusidens-dominated regime, while Alteromonas, Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides (CFB) group, and marine Roseobacter clade (MRC) were the major contributors in other regimes, with the most abundant taxa being Alteromonas in the K. mikimotoi-dominated regime and the CFB group in the dissipation regime. Specific metabolic niches and unique substrate specificity of different bacterial groups enabled them to dominate and thrive in different bloom regimes. High metabolic plasticity in signal response, substrate utilization, motility, and adhesion are essential for bacteria to respond to drastic bloom regime shift, and the predominance of specific bacteria under unique bloom regimes may be the result of long-term coevolution between bacteria and bloom-forming phytoplankton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China
| | - Yaohui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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Lin L, Zou M, Lu Z. The aerobic electron flux is deficient in fumarate respiration of a strict anaerobe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:213-218. [PMID: 35623108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Why oxygen ceases the growth of strictly anaerobic bacteria is a longstanding question, yet the answer remains unclear. Studies have confirmed that the dehydratase-fumarase containing an iron-sulfur cluster ([4Fe-4S]) is inactivated upon exposure to oxygen in the intestinal obligate anaerobe, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. thetaiotaomicron); this blocks fumarate respiration, which is the essential energy-producing pathway in anaerobes. Here, we substituted the [4Fe-4S]-dependent fumarase in B. thetaiotaomicron with an iron-free isozyme from E. coli (Ec-FumC). Results show that Ec-FumC successfully performed the catalytic function of fumarase in B. thetaiotaomicron, as the fum-mutant strain that expressed Ec-FumC exhibited succinate-producing ability under anaerobic growth conditions. Ec-FumC is oxygen-resistant and remains active to produce fumarate upon aeration; however, B. thetaiotaomicron mutant that expressed Ec-FumC did not convert fumarate to succinate during air exposure. Biochemical assays of inverted membrane vesicles from wild-type B. thetaiotaomicron confirmed that the electron flux from NADH to fumarate was less efficient in the presence of air as compared to that without oxygen. Our findings suggest that the anaerobic fumarate respiration might be paralyzed due to electron dissipations upon aeration of the obligate anaerobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyou Lin
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Meng Zou
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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12
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Van Alst AJ, Demey LM, DiRita VJ. Vibrio cholerae requires oxidative respiration through the bd-I and cbb3 oxidases for intestinal proliferation. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010102. [PMID: 35500027 PMCID: PMC9109917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae respires both aerobically and anaerobically and, while oxygen may be available to it during infection, other terminal electron acceptors are proposed for population expansion during infection. Unlike gastrointestinal pathogens that stimulate significant inflammation leading to elevated levels of oxygen or alternative terminal electron acceptors, V. cholerae infections are not understood to induce a notable inflammatory response. To ascertain the respiration requirements of V. cholerae during infection, we used Multiplex Genome Editing by Natural Transformation (MuGENT) to create V. cholerae strains lacking aerobic or anaerobic respiration. V. cholerae strains lacking aerobic respiration were attenuated in infant mice 105-fold relative to wild type, while strains lacking anaerobic respiration had no colonization defect, contrary to earlier work suggesting a role for anaerobic respiration during infection. Using several approaches, including one we developed for this work termed Comparative Multiplex PCR Amplicon Sequencing (CoMPAS), we determined that the bd-I and cbb3 oxidases are essential for small intestinal colonization of V. cholerae in the infant mouse. The bd-I oxidase was also determined as the primary oxidase during growth outside the host, making V. cholerae the only example of a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen in which a bd-type oxidase is the primary oxidase for energy acquisition inside and outside of a host. The bacterium that causes cholera, Vibrio cholerae, can grow with or without oxygen. When growing without oxygen it may use other molecules that serve the same purpose as oxygen, acting as a terminal electron acceptor in an energy-generating process known as respiration. Given the largely anaerobic nature of the gastrointestinal tract, and the lack of significant inflammation during cholera infection, a process that can stimulate elevated levels of oxygen and other terminal electron acceptors, we sought to understand the respiratory mechanisms of V. cholerae during infection. We used a powerful genome-editing method to construct mutant strains of V. cholerae lacking some or all of the complement of proteins required for aerobic or anaerobic respiration. By analyzing these mutants in the laboratory and in intestinal colonization of infant mice, we determined that the ability to respire without oxygen is completely dispensable for V. cholerae to thrive during infection. We determined that two of the four oxygen-dependent respiration mechanisms are essential for V. cholerae to grow during infection, with the other two dispensable for wild type levels of colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Van Alst
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lucas M. Demey
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Victor J. DiRita
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Nitric oxide stimulates type IV MSHA pilus retraction in Vibrio cholerae via activation of the phosphodiesterase CdpA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2108349119. [PMID: 35135874 PMCID: PMC8851539 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2108349119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
All organisms sense and respond to their environments. One way bacteria interact with their surroundings is by dynamically extending and retracting filamentous appendages from their surface called pili. While pili are critical for many functions, such as attachment, motility, and DNA uptake, the factors that regulate their dynamic activity are poorly understood. Here, we describe how an environmental signal induces a signaling pathway to promote the retraction of mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin pili in Vibrio cholerae. The retraction of these pili promotes the detachment of V. cholerae from a surface and may provide a means by which V. cholerae can respond to changes in its environment. Bacteria use surface appendages called type IV pili to perform diverse activities including DNA uptake, twitching motility, and attachment to surfaces. The dynamic extension and retraction of pili are often required for these activities, but the stimuli that regulate these dynamics remain poorly characterized. To address this question, we study the bacterial pathogen Vibrio cholerae, which uses mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) pili to attach to surfaces in aquatic environments as the first step in biofilm formation. Here, we use a combination of genetic and cell biological approaches to describe a regulatory pathway that allows V. cholerae to rapidly abort biofilm formation. Specifically, we show that V. cholerae cells retract MSHA pili and detach from a surface in a diffusion-limited, enclosed environment. This response is dependent on the phosphodiesterase CdpA, which decreases intracellular levels of cyclic-di-GMP to induce MSHA pilus retraction. CdpA contains a putative nitric oxide (NO)–sensing NosP domain, and we demonstrate that NO is necessary and sufficient to stimulate CdpA-dependent detachment. Thus, we hypothesize that the endogenous production of NO (or an NO-like molecule) in V. cholerae stimulates the retraction of MSHA pili. These results extend our understanding of how environmental cues can be integrated into the complex regulatory pathways that control pilus dynamic activity and attachment in bacterial species.
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14
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Loss of the acetate switch in Vibrio vulnificus enhances predation defence against Tetrahymena pyriformis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0166521. [PMID: 34731052 PMCID: PMC8788688 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01665-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen and autochthonous inhabitant of coastal marine environments, where the bacterium is under constant predation by heterotrophic protists or protozoans. As a result of this selection pressure, genetic variants with antipredation mechanisms are selected for and persist in the environment. Such natural variants may also be pathogenic to animal or human hosts, making it important to understand these defense mechanisms. To identify antipredator strategies, 13 V. vulnificus strains of different genotypes isolated from diverse environments were exposed to predation by the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis, and only strain ENV1 was resistant to predation. Further investigation of the cell-free supernatant showed that ENV1 acidifies the environment by the excretion of organic acids, which are toxic to T. pyriformis. As this predation resistance was dependent on the availability of iron, transcriptomes of V. vulnificus in iron-replete and iron-deplete conditions were compared. This analysis revealed that ENV1 ferments pyruvate and the resultant acetyl-CoA leads to acetate synthesis under aerobic conditions, a hallmark of overflow metabolism. The anaerobic respiration global regulator arcA was upregulated when iron was available. An ΔarcA deletion mutant of ENV1 accumulated less acetate and, importantly, was sensitive to grazing by T. pyriformis. Based on the transcriptome response and quantification of metabolites, we conclude that ENV1 has adapted to overflow metabolism and has lost a control switch that shifts metabolism from acetate excretion to acetate assimilation, enabling it to excrete acetate continuously. We show that overflow metabolism and the acetate switch contribute to prey-predator interactions. IMPORTANCE Bacteria in the environment, including Vibrio spp., interact with protozoan predators. To defend against predation, bacteria evolve antipredator mechanisms ranging from changing morphology, biofilm formation, and secretion of toxins or virulence factors. Some of these adaptations may result in strains that are pathogenic to humans. Therefore, it is important to study predator defense strategies of environmental bacteria. V. vulnificus thrives in coastal waters and infects humans. Very little is known about the defense mechanisms V. vulnificus expresses against predation. Here, we show that a V. vulnificus strain (ENV1) has rewired the central carbon metabolism, enabling the production of excess organic acid that is toxic to the protozoan predator T. pyriformis. This is a previously unknown mechanism of predation defense that protects against protozoan predators.
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15
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Anh HTH, Shahsavari E, Bott NJ, Ball AS. The application of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus as a bioaugmentation agent for the enhanced treatment of non-sterile fish wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 291:112658. [PMID: 33934020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters generated by fish processing are characterised by salt concentrations similar to or greater than that of seawater together with high nutrient concentrations (e.g. organic carbon and total nitrogen) due to the presence of blood, oil, and fish tissues. Fish processing wastewater entering rivers and oceans have become a key factor leading to the pollution of receiving waters; the adequate treatment of this wastewater is, therefore, crucial to a sustainable fish industry. The present study aimed to determine whether augmentation of fish wastewater with either Marinirhabdus sp., Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus or a consortium of the two halobacteria, could successfully enhance the removal of both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) from fish wastewater. Following 9 days of incubation, the bioaugmentation treatment resulted in a significant reduction in COD, 88%, 91%, and 92% in fish wastewater augmented with either Marinirhabdus sp., Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus respectively, or a consortium of the two halobacteria compared with the control (non-bioaugmented) treatment (77% removal). In tall bioaugmentation treatments (79-88%) TN removal was also significantly greater than the control treatment (57%). After 9 days of incubation, the COD and TN in bioaugmentation reached the European Union's (EU) wastewater discharge standard (Level B, COD < 120 mg L-1, TN < 70 mg L-1). The addition of monoculture was effective in enhancing the removal of COD, while co-culture significantly improved TN removal. Results of 16S rDNA sequence analysis investigating the survival of these introduced bacteria showed that only Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus was detected at the end of the treatment, constituting 36% of the total bacterial population when added alone to the wastewater. This study confirms the effectiveness of bioaugmentation in removing COD and TN in saline fish wastewater. The ability of Marinobacter hydrocarbonclasticus to enhance the treatment and dominate the bacterial community suggests the commercial potential of this organism for bioaugmentation of aquaculture wastewater without the need for further bioaugmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thi Hong Anh
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia.
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
| | - Nathan J Bott
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
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16
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Akgul O, Angeli A, Selleri S, Capasso C, Supuran CT, Carta F. Taurultams incorporating arylsulfonamide: First in vitro inhibition studies of α-, β- and γ-class Carbonic Anhydrases from Vibrio cholerae and Burkholderia pseudomallei. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113444. [PMID: 33866238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new series of taurultambenzenesulfonamides 1-17 were prepared and considered for their inhibitory activity in vitro against the Carbonic Anhydrases from Vibrio cholerae (VchCA-α, VchCA-β and VchCA-γ) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (BpsCA-β and BpsCA-γ). Among the compounds tested, derivatives 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 16 resulted in highly effective VchCAα inhibitors (KI values spanning within the 6.1-9.6 nM range) and endowed with excellent Selectivity Indexes (SIs; KI VchCA-α/KI hCA II) all comprised between 0.04 and 0.09. Potent in vitro inhibitors for the BpsCA-γ were also identified (KIs of 18.9-19.5 nM). The results here reported may represent the blueprint for the future development of a new generation of CA-based antibiotics integrated with free of resistance mechanisms of action adopted from known drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Akgul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers - "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Silvia Selleri
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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17
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Wichmann C, Bocklitz T, Rösch P, Popp J. Bacterial phenotype dependency from CO 2 measured by Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119170. [PMID: 33296748 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Raman spectroscopy has become an established method to study medical, biological or environmental samples. Since Raman spectroscopy is a phenotypic method, many parameters can influence the spectra. One of these parameters is the concentration of CO2, as this never remains stable in nature, but always adjusts itself in a dynamic equilibrium. So, it is obvious that the concentration of CO2 cannot be controlled but it might have a big impact on the bacteria and bacterial composition in medical samples. When using a phenotypic method like Raman spectroscopy it is also important to know the influence of CO2 to the dataset. To investigate the influence of CO2 towards Raman spectra we cultivated E. coli at different concentration of CO2 since this bacterium is able to switch metabolism from aerobic to microaerophilic conditions. After applying statistic methods small changes in the spectra became visible and it was even possible to observe the change of metabolism in this species according to the concentration of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wichmann
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Research Campus Infectognostics, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Bocklitz
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Research Campus Infectognostics, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Research Campus Infectognostics, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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18
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Baranova DE, Willsey GG, Levinson KJ, Smith C, Wade J, Mantis NJ. Transcriptional profiling of Vibrio cholerae O1 following exposure to human anti- lipopolysaccharide monoclonal antibodies. Pathog Dis 2020; 78:ftaa029. [PMID: 32589220 PMCID: PMC7371154 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Following an episode of cholera, a rapidly dehydrating, watery diarrhea caused by the Gram-negative bacterium, Vibrio cholerae O1, humans mount a robust anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antibody response that is associated with immunity to subsequent re-infection. In neonatal mouse and rabbit models of cholera, passively administered anti-LPS polyclonal and monoclonal (MAb) antibodies reduce V. cholerae colonization of the intestinal epithelia by inhibiting bacterial motility and promoting vibrio agglutination. Here we demonstrate that human anti-LPS IgG MAbs also arrest V. cholerae motility and induce bacterial paralysis. A subset of those MAbs also triggered V. cholerae to secrete an extracellular matrix (ECM). To identify changes in gene expression that accompany antibody exposure and that may account for motility arrest and ECM production, we subjected V. cholerae O1 El Tor to RNA-seq analysis after treatment with ZAC-3 IgG, a high affinity MAb directed against the core/lipid A region of LPS. We identified > 160 genes whose expression was altered following ZAC-3 IgG treatment, although canonical outer membrane stress regulons were not among them. ompS (VCA1028), a porin associated with virulence and indirectly regulated by ToxT, and norR (VCA0182), a σ54-dependent transcription factor involved in late stages of infection, were two upregulated genes worth noting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Baranova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany NY 12222
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
| | - Graham G Willsey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
| | - Kara J Levinson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany NY 12222
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
| | - Carol Smith
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
| | - Joseph Wade
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany NY 12222
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
| | - Nicholas J Mantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany NY 12222
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany NY 12208
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