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Sharma P, Bano A, Singh SP, Sharma S, Xia C, Nadda AK, Lam SS, Tong YW. Engineered microbes as effective tools for the remediation of polyaromatic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135538. [PMID: 35792210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have become a major concern to human health and the environment due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Traditional treatment measures for removing toxic substances from the environment have largely failed, and thus development and advancement in newer remediation techniques are of utmost importance. Rising environmental pollution with HMs and PAHs prompted the research on microbes and the development of genetically engineered microbes (GEMs) for reducing pollution via the bioremediation process. The enzymes produced from a variety of microbes can effectively treat a range of pollutants, but evolutionary trends revealed that various emerging pollutants are resistant to microbial or enzymatic degradation. Naturally, existing microbes can be engineered using various techniques including, gene engineering, directed evolution, protein engineering, media engineering, strain engineering, cell wall modifications, rationale hybrid design, and encapsulation or immobilization process. The immobilization of microbes and enzymes using a variety of nanomaterials, membranes, and supports with high specificity toward the emerging pollutants is also an effective strategy to capture and treat the pollutants. The current review focuses on successful bioremediation techniques and approaches that make use of GEMs or engineered enzymes. Such engineered microbes are more potent than natural strains and have greater degradative capacities, as well as rapid adaptation to various pollutants as substrates or co-metabolizers. The future for the implementation of genetic engineering to produce such organisms for the benefit of the environment andpublic health is indeed long and valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Ambreen Bano
- IIRC-3, Plant-Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, Integral University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, 208001, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Dehua Tubao New Decoration Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang 313200, China
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, 173 234, India.
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore.
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Wang S, Niu X, Di D, Huang D. Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:945847. [PMID: 35992685 PMCID: PMC9383694 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.945847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization is an effective agronomic strategy to improve the efficiency of phytoextraction by Salix integra Thunb. However, the specific effects of the simultaneous application of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizers in the rhizosphere remain unclear. We investigated the bioavailability of lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) along with the microbial metabolic functions and community structure in the rhizosphere soil of S. integra after the application of N (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) and S (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) fertilizers for 180 days. The simultaneous application of N and S fertilizers significantly enhanced the absorption of Pb and Cd by S. integra, whereas this effect was not observed for the single application of N or S fertilizer. The contents of acid-soluble Pb and Cd in the rhizosphere soil significantly increased after either single or combined fertilize applications. The microbial metabolic activity was enhanced by the N and S fertilizers, whereas the microbial diversity markedly decreased. The metabolic patterns were mainly affected by the concentration of N fertilizer. The dominant fungi and bacteria were similar under each treatment, although the relative abundances of the dominant and special species differed. Compared to the N200S100 and N200S200 treatments, the N100S100 and N100S200 treatments resulted in fewer pathogenic fungi and more rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, which promoted phytoremediation by S. integra. Redundancy analysis indicated that the pH and nitrate content were the key factors affecting the structure of the microbial community. Collectively, the results suggest interactive effects between N and S fertilizers on the rhizosphere soil, providing a potential strategy for plant-microbial remediation by S. integra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokun Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyun Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyun Niu,
| | - Dongliu Di
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dazhuang Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, China
- Dazhuang Huang,
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Lin Y, Zhang Y, Liang X, Duan R, Yang L, Du Y, Wu L, Huang J, Xiang G, Bai J, Zhen Y. Assessment of rhizosphere bacterial diversity and composition in a metal hyperaccumulator (
Boehmeria nivea
) and a non‐accumulator (
Artemisia annua
) in an antimony mine. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:3432-3443. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Lin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Xin Liang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Yihuan Du
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Lianfu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Conservation in Southwest Anhui Province Anqing Normal University Anqing Anhui China
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Guohong Xiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
| | - Yu Zhen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Loudi Hunan China
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Chi Z, Hou L, Li H. Effects of pollution load and salinity shock on nitrogen removal and bacterial community in two-stage vertical flow constructed wetlands. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126031. [PMID: 34582988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To understand the denitrification performance and microbial community of two-stage vertical flow constructed wetlands (TS-VFCWs) with iron ore/manganese ore and wood chips, COD and nitrogen removal were investigated under pollution load and salinity shock. High removal of COD (87%), NH4+-N (97%), and NO3--N (98%) were achieved with increasing load, but the high pollutant load inhibited the denitrification performance in TS-VFCW with iron ore and wood chips. TS-VFCW with iron ore and wood chips showed good recovery potential with decreasing load. High NH4+-N removal was observed in TS-VFCW with manganese ore and wood chips. Treatment with 3% salinity decreased COD and NH4+-N removal but improved NO3--N removal, maintaining relatively good nitrogen removal. The addition of iron ore and manganese ore enriched nitrifying bacteria Flavobacterium and autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, while wood chips promoted heterotrophic denitrification and organic degradation. In addition, ubiquitous denitrifying bacteria under salinity ensured excellent denitrification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Chi
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Lining Hou
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Huai Li
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China.
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Niu XY, Wang SK, Zhou J, Di DL, Sun P, Huang DZ. Inoculation With Indigenous Rhizosphere Microbes Enhances Aboveground Accumulation of Lead in Salix integra Thunb. by Improving Transport Coefficients. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:686812. [PMID: 34421844 PMCID: PMC8371752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.686812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of plant-microbial remediation of heavy metals is restricted by the difficulty of exogenous microbes to form large populations and maintain their long-term remediation efficiency. We therefore investigated the effects of inoculation with indigenous heavy-metal-tolerant rhizosphere microbes on phytoremediation of lead (Pb) by Salix integra. We measured plant physiological indexes and soil Pb bioavailability and conducted widespread targeted metabolome analysis of strains to better understand the mechanisms of enhance Pb accumulation. Growth of Salix integra was improved by both single and co-inoculation treatments with Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus niger, increasing by 14% in co-inoculated plants. Transfer coefficients for Pb, indicating mobility from soil via roots into branches or leaves, were higher following microbial inoculation, showing a more than 100% increase in the co-inoculation treatment over untreated plants. However, Pb accumulation was only enhanced by single inoculation treatments with either Bacillus sp. or Aspergillus niger, being 10% greater in plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. compared with uninoculated controls. Inoculation mainly promoted accumulation of Pb in aboveground plant parts. Superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities as well as the proline content of inoculated plants were enhanced by most treatments. However, soil urease and catalase activities were lower in inoculated plants than controls. Proportions of acid-soluble Pb were 0.34 and 0.41% higher in rhizosphere and bulk soil, respectively, of plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. than in that of uninoculated plants. We identified 410 metabolites from the microbial inoculations, of which more than 50% contributed to heavy metal bioavailability; organic acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates formed the three major metabolite categories. These results suggest that both indigenous Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus niger could be used to assist phytoremediation by enhancing antioxidant defenses of Salix integra and altering Pb bioavailability. We speculate that microbial strains colonized the soil and plants at the same time, with variations in their metabolite profiles reflecting different living conditions. We also need to consider interactions between inocula and the whole microbial community when applying microbial inoculation to promote phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shao-Kun Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dong-Liu Di
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Pai Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Da-Zhuang Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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