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Batantou Mabandza D, Colletin E, Dagot C, Quétel I, Breurec S, Guyomard-Rabenirina S. Do Microorganisms in Bathing Water in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) Have Resistance Genes? Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:87. [PMID: 38247646 PMCID: PMC10812525 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Waterborne faecal contamination is a major public health concern. The main objectives of this study were to investigate faecal contamination and Escherichia coli (E. coli) antibiotic resistance in recreational fresh water from Guadeloupe and to characterise the microbiome and resistome composition in biofilms from submerged rocks. Significant faecal contamination was observed at 14 freshwater sites. E. coli predominated (62%), followed by Enterobacter cloacae (11%) and Acinetobacter spp. (11%). Of 152 E. coli isolated, none produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), but 7% showed resistance to streptomycin and 4% to tetracycline. Biofilm resistome analysis revealed clinically significant antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), including those coding for resistance to sulfonamides (sul1), carbapenems (blaKPC), and third-generation cephalosporins (blaCTX-M). Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (intI1, intI2, intI3) linked to resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, tetracycline, as well as heavy metal resistance determinants (copA, cusF, czcA, merA) conferring resistance to copper, silver, cadmium, and mercury were also detected. Diverse bacterial phyla were found in biofilm samples, of which Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctonomycetes, and Cyanobacteria were predominant. Despite the frequent presence of E. coli exceeding regulatory standards, the low levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in freshwater and of ARGs and MGEs in associated biofilms suggest limited antibiotic resistance in Guadeloupean recreational waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degrâce Batantou Mabandza
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Edlyne Colletin
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Christophe Dagot
- University of Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, RESINFIT, U1092, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Isaure Quétel
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Sébastien Breurec
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- Faculty of Medicine Hyacinthe Bastaraud, University of the Antilles, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- INSERM, Centre for Clinical Investigation 1424, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- Department of Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Centre of Guadeloupe, 971110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Stéphanie Guyomard-Rabenirina
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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2
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Sun Y, Wu M, Xie S, Zang J, Wang X, Yang Y, Li C, Wang J. Homogenization of bacterial plastisphere community in soil: a continental-scale microcosm study. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycad012. [PMID: 38328447 PMCID: PMC10848224 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics alter niches of soil microbiota by providing trillions of artificial microhabitats, termed the "plastisphere." Because of the ever-increasing accumulation of microplastics in ecosystems, it is urgent to understand the ecology of microbes associated with the plastisphere. Here, we present a continental-scale study of the bacterial plastisphere on polyethylene microplastics compared with adjacent soil communities across 99 sites collected from across China through microcosm experiments. In comparison with the soil bacterial communities, we found that plastispheres had a greater proportion of Actinomycetota and Bacillota, but lower proportions of Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, and Bacteroidota. The spatial dispersion and the dissimilarity among plastisphere communities were less variable than those among the soil bacterial communities, suggesting highly homogenized bacterial communities on microplastics. The relative importance of homogeneous selection in plastispheres was greater than that in soil samples, possibly because of the more uniform properties of polyethylene microplastics compared with the surrounding soil. Importantly, we found that the degree to which plastisphere and soil bacterial communities differed was negatively correlated with the soil pH and carbon content and positively related to the mean annual temperature of sampling sites. Our work provides a more comprehensive continental-scale perspective on the microbial communities that form in the plastisphere and highlights the potential impacts of microplastics on the maintenance of microbial biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanze Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mochen Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Siyuan Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingxi Zang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Department of Soil and Water Science, College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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3
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Naik AT, Kamensky KM, Hellum AM, Moisander PH. Disturbance frequency directs microbial community succession in marine biofilms exposed to shear. mSphere 2023; 8:e0024823. [PMID: 37931135 PMCID: PMC10790581 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00248-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Disturbances are major drivers of community succession in many microbial systems; however, relatively little is known about marine biofilm community succession, especially under antifouling disturbance. Antifouling technologies exert strong local disturbances on marine biofilms, and resulting biomass losses can be accompanied by shifts in biofilm community composition and succession. We address this gap in knowledge by bridging microbial ecology with antifouling technology development. We show that disturbance by shear can strongly alter marine biofilm community succession, acting as a selective filter influenced by frequency of exposure. Examining marine biofilm succession patterns with and without shear revealed stable associations between key prokaryotic and eukaryotic taxa, highlighting the importance of cross-domain assessment in future marine biofilm research. Describing how compounded top-down and bottom-up disturbances shape the succession of marine biofilms is valuable for understanding the assembly and stability of these complex microbial communities and predicting species invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek T. Naik
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Aren M. Hellum
- Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Pia H. Moisander
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Mugge RL, Moseley RD, Hamdan LJ. Substrate Specificity of Biofilms Proximate to Historic Shipwrecks. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2416. [PMID: 37894074 PMCID: PMC10608953 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of built structures on the seabed, such as shipwrecks, energy platforms, and pipelines, is increasing in coastal and offshore regions. These structures, typically composed of steel or wood, are substrates for microbial attachment and biofilm formation. The success of biofilm growth depends on substrate characteristics and local environmental conditions, though it is unclear which feature is dominant in shaping biofilm microbiomes. The goal of this study was to understand the substrate- and site-specific impacts of built structures on short-term biofilm composition and functional potential. Seafloor experiments were conducted wherein steel and wood surfaces were deployed for four months at distances extending up to 115 m away from three historic (>50 years old) shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico. DNA from biofilms on the steel and wood was extracted, and metagenomes were sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that the taxonomic composition was significantly different between substrates and sites, with substrate being the primary determining factor. Regardless of site, the steel biofilms had a higher abundance of genes related to biofilm formation, and sulfur, iron, and nitrogen cycling, while the wood biofilms showed a higher abundance of manganese cycling and methanol oxidation genes. This study demonstrates how substrate composition shapes biofilm microbiomes and suggests that marine biofilms may contribute to nutrient cycling at depth. Analyzing the marine biofilm microbiome provides insight into the ecological impact of anthropogenic structures on the seabed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Mugge
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Ocean Sciences Division, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA;
| | - Rachel D. Moseley
- School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA
| | - Leila J. Hamdan
- School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA
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5
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Khandeparker L, Desai DV, Teja Mittireddi R, Panda E, Hede N, Mapari K. Efficacy of amorphous TiO x-coated surfaces against micro- and macrofouling through laboratory microcosms and field studies. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:853-866. [PMID: 37965754 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2279997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Soda Lime Glass (SLG) and Stainless Steel (SS316L) substrata coated with Titanium oxide (TiOx) were tested for their efficacy in the laboratory microcosms and in field against micro- and macrofouling. Laboratory microcosm studies were conducted for five days using natural biofilms, single-species diatom (Navicula sp.), and bacterial biofilms, whereas field observations were conducted for 30 days. The TiOx-coating induced change in the mean contact angle of the substratum and rendered SS316L more hydrophilic and SLG hydrophobic, which influenced the Navicula sp. biofilm, and bacterial community structure of the biofilm. Overall, the TiOx-coated SS316L showed minimal microfouling, whereas non-coated SLG exhibited greater efficacy in deterring/preventing macrofouling organisms. Moreover, the reduction in macrofouling could be attributed to high abundance of Actinobacteria. Unraveling the mechanism of action needs future studies emphasizing biochemical processes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidita Khandeparker
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India
| | - Dattesh V Desai
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India
| | - Ravi Teja Mittireddi
- Materials Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, India
| | - Emila Panda
- Materials Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, India
| | - Niyati Hede
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India
| | - Kaushal Mapari
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India
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6
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Dobretsov S, Rittschof D. "Omics" Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10518. [PMID: 37445696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofouling is the growth of organisms on wet surfaces. Biofouling includes micro- (bacteria and unicellular algae) and macrofouling (mussels, barnacles, tube worms, bryozoans, etc.) and is a major problem for industries. However, the settlement and growth of some biofouling species, like oysters and corals, can be desirable. Thus, it is important to understand the process of biofouling in detail. Modern "omic" techniques, such as metabolomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, provide unique opportunities to study biofouling organisms and communities and investigate their metabolites and environmental interactions. In this review, we analyze the recent publications that employ metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic techniques for the investigation of biofouling and biofouling organisms. Specific emphasis is given to metagenomics, proteomics and publications using combinations of different "omics" techniques. Finally, this review presents the future outlook for the use of "omics" techniques in marine biofouling studies. Like all trans-disciplinary research, environmental "omics" is in its infancy and will advance rapidly as researchers develop the necessary expertise, theory, and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, Muscat P.O. Box 34, Oman
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
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7
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Mohamed HF, Abd-Elgawad A, Cai R, Luo Z, Pie L, Xu C. Microbial community shift on artificial biological reef structures (ABRs) deployed in the South China Sea. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3456. [PMID: 36859411 PMCID: PMC9977770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many Artificial Reefs (ARs) have been used worldwide for marine habitat and coral reef restoration. However, the microbial community structure that colonize the ARs and their progressive development have been seldom investigated. In this study, the successive development of the microbial communities on environmentally friendly Artificial Biological Reef structures (ABRs)R made of special concrete supported with bioactive materials collected from marine algal sources were studied. Three seasons (spring, summer and autumn), three coral reef localities and control models (SCE) without bioactive material and (NCE) made of normal cement were compared. The structure of the microbial pattern exhibited successive shifts from the natural environment to the ABRs supported with bioactive materials (ABAM). Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Planctomycetota were shown to be the most three dominant phyla. Their relative abundances pointedly increased on ABAM and SCE models compared to the environment. Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) Richness and Shannon index were obviously higher on ABAM models and showed significant positive relationship with that of macrobenthos than those on the controls and the natural reef (XR). Our results offer successful establishment of healthy microbial films on the ABR surfaces enhanced the restoration of macrobenthic community in the damaged coral reefs which better understands the ecological role of the ABRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala F. Mohamed
- grid.453137.70000 0004 0406 0561Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005 People’s Republic of China ,grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Botany & Microbiology Department, (Girls Branch), Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amro Abd-Elgawad
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China. .,Tourism Developing Authority, Central Administration for Environmental Affairs, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rongshuo Cai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaohe Luo
- grid.453137.70000 0004 0406 0561Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Pie
- grid.453137.70000 0004 0406 0561Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Changan Xu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Arboleda-Baena C, Pareja CB, Pla I, Logares R, De la Iglesia R, Navarrete SA. Hidden interactions in the intertidal rocky shore: variation in pedal mucus microbiota among marine grazers that feed on epilithic biofilm communities. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13642. [PMID: 36172502 PMCID: PMC9512015 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In marine ecosystems, most invertebrates possess diverse microbiomes on their external surfaces, such as those found in the pedal mucus of grazing gastropods and chitons that aids displacement on different surfaces. The microbes are then transported around and placed in contact with free-living microbial communities of micro and other macro-organisms, potentially exchanging species and homogenizing microbial composition and structure among grazer hosts. Here, we characterize the microbiota of the pedal mucus of five distantly related mollusk grazers, quantify differences in microbial community structure, mucus protein and carbohydrate content, and, through a simple laboratory experiment, assess their effects on integrated measures of biofilm abundance. Over 665 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were found across grazers, with significant differences in abundance and composition among grazer species and epilithic biofilms. The pulmonate limpet Siphonaria lessonii and the periwinkle Echinolittorina peruviana shared similar microbiota. The microbiota of the chiton Chiton granosus, keyhole limpet Fissurella crassa, and scurrinid limpet Scurria araucana differed markedly from one another, and form those of the pulmonate limpet and periwinkle. Flavobacteriaceae (Bacteroidia) and Colwelliaceae (Gammaproteobacteria) were the most common among microbial taxa. Microbial strict specialists were found in only one grazer species. The pedal mucus pH was similar among grazers, but carbohydrate and protein concentrations differed significantly. Yet, differences in mucus composition were not reflected in microbial community structure. Only the pedal mucus of F. crassa and S. lessonii negatively affected the abundance of photosynthetic microorganisms in the biofilm, demonstrating the specificity of the pedal mucus effects on biofilm communities. Thus, the pedal mucus microbiota are distinct among grazer hosts and can affect and interact non-trophically with the epilithic biofilms on which grazers feed, potentially leading to microbial community coalescence mediated by grazer movement. Further studies are needed to unravel the myriad of non-trophic interactions and their reciprocal impacts between macro- and microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Arboleda-Baena
- Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas and Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, El Tabo, Chile,Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Claudia Belén Pareja
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Isadora Pla
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Ramiro Logares
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rodrigo De la Iglesia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile,Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Sergio Andrés Navarrete
- Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas and Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, El Tabo, Chile,Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago de Chile, Chile,Centro Basal COPAS-COASTAL, Universidad de Concepción
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9
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Gujinović L, Maravić A, Kalinić H, Dželalija M, Šestanović S, Zanchi D, Šamanić I. Metagenomic analysis of pioneer biofilm-forming marine bacteria with emphasis on Vibrio gigantis adhesion dynamics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112619. [PMID: 35700566 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Marine biofilms occur frequently and spontaneously in seawater, on almost any submerged solid surface. At the early stages of colonization, it consists of bacteria and evolves into a more complex community. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and comparative metagenomics, the composition and predicted functional potential of one- to three-day old bacterial communities in surface biofilms were investigated and compared to that of seawater. This confirmed the autochthonous marine bacterium Vibrio gigantis as an early and very abundant biofilm colonizer, also functionally linked to the genes associated with cell motility, surface attachment, and communication via signaling molecules (quorum sensing), all crucial for biofilm formation. The dynamics of adhesion on a solid surface of V. gigantis alone was also monitored in controlled laboratory conditions, using a newly designed and easily implementable protocol. Resulting in a calculated percentage of bacteria-covered surface, a convincing tendency of spontaneous adhering was confirmed. From the multiple results, its quantified and reproducible adhesion dynamics will be used as a basis for future experiments involving surface modifications and coatings, with the goal of preventing adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Gujinović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Croatia; Doctoral study of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Maravić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Croatia
| | | | | | | | - Dražen Zanchi
- Laboratoire Matières et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 du CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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10
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Abstract
Marine biofilms are ubiquitous in the marine environment. These complex microbial communities rapidly respond to environmental changes and encompass hugely diverse microbial structures, functions and metabolisms. Nevertheless, knowledge is limited on the microbial community structures and functions of natural marine biofilms and their influence on global geochemical cycles. Microbial cues, including secondary metabolites and microbial structures, regulate interactions between microorganisms, with their environment and with other benthic organisms, which affects their community succession and metamorphosis. Furthermore, marine biofilms are key mediators of marine biofouling, which greatly affect marine industries. In this Review, we discuss marine biofilm dynamics, including their diversity, abundance and functions. We also highlight knowledge gaps, areas for future research and potential biotechnological applications of marine biofilms.
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11
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Can Aggregate-Associated Organisms Influence the Fouling in a SWRO Desalination Plant? Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040682. [PMID: 35456734 PMCID: PMC9032733 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study investigates the formation of aggregates within a desalination plant, before and after pre-treatment, as well as their potential impact on fouling. The objective is to provide an understanding of the biofouling potential of the feed water within a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant, due to the limited removal of fouling precursors. The 16S and 18S rRNA was extracted from the water samples, and the aggregates and sequenced. Pre-treatment systems, within the plant remove < 5 µm precursors and organisms; however, smaller size particles progress through the plant, allowing for the formation of aggregates. These become hot spots for microbes, due to their nutrient gradients, facilitating the formation of niche environments, supporting the proliferation of those organisms. Aggregate-associated organisms are consistent with those identified on fouled SWRO membranes. This study examines, for the first time, the factors supporting the formation of aggregates within a desalination system, as well as their microbial communities and biofouling potential.
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12
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Wang R, Zhang W, Ding W, Liang Z, Long L, Wong WC, Qian PY. Profiling Signal Transduction in Global Marine Biofilms. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:768926. [PMID: 35069473 PMCID: PMC8776716 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.768926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes use signal transduction systems in the processes of swarming motility, antibiotic resistance, virulence, conjugal plasmid transfer, and biofilm formation. However, the signal transduction systems in natural marine biofilms have hardly been profiled. Here we analyzed signal transduction genes in 101 marine biofilm and 91 seawater microbial metagenomes. The abundance of almost all signal transduction-related genes in biofilm microbial communities was significantly higher than that in seawater microbial communities, regardless of substrate types, locations, and durations for biofilm development. In addition, the dominant source microbes of signal transduction genes in marine biofilms were different from those in seawater samples. Co-occurrence network analysis on signal communication between microbes in marine biofilms and seawater microbial communities revealed potential inter-phyla interactions between microorganisms from marine biofilms and seawater. Moreover, phylogenetic tree construction and protein identity comparison displayed that proteins related to signal transductions from Red Sea biofilms were highly similar to those from Red Sea seawater microbial communities, revealing a possible biological basis of interspecies interactions between surface-associated and free-living microbial communities in a local marine environment. Our study revealed the special profile and enrichment of signal transduction systems in marine biofilms and suggested that marine biofilms participate in intercellular interactions of the local ecosystem where they were seeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Wang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Ding
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhicong Liang
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lexin Long
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wai Chuen Wong
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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Impacts of UV-C irradiation on marine biofilm community succession. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0229821. [PMID: 34936837 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02298-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine biofilms are diverse microbial communities and important ecological habitats forming on surfaces submerged in the ocean. Biofilm communities resist environmental disturbance, making them a nuisance to some human activities ('biofouling'). Anti-fouling solutions rarely address the underlying stability or compositional responses of these biofilms. Using bulk measurements and molecular analyses, we examined temporal and UV-C antifouling-based shifts in marine biofilms in the coastal Western North Atlantic Ocean during early fall. Over a 24-d period, bacterial communities shifted from early dominance of Gammaproteobacteria to increased proportions of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia and Acidimicrobiia. In a network analysis based on temporal covariance, Rhodobacteraceae (Alphaproteobacteria) nodes were abundant and densely connected with generally positive correlations. In the eukaryotic community, persistent algal, protistan, and invertebrate groups were observed, although consistent temporal succession was not detected. Biofilm UV-C treatment at 13 and 20 days resulted in losses of chlorophyll a and transparent exopolymer particles, indicating biomass disruption. Bacterial community shifts suggested that UV-C treatment decreased biofilm maturation rate and was associated with proportional shifts among diverse bacterial taxa. UV-C treatment was also associated with increased proportions of protists potentially involved in detritivory and parasitism. Older biofilm communities had increased resistance to UV-C, suggesting that early biofilms are more susceptible to UV-C based antifouling. The results suggest that UV-C irradiation is potentially an effective antifouling method in marine environments in terms of biomass removal and in slowing maturation. However, as they mature, biofilm communities may accumulate microbial members that are tolerant or resilient under UV-treatment. Importance Marine biofilms regulate processes from organic matter and pollutant turnover to eukaryotic settlement and growth. Biofilm growth and eukaryotic settlement interfering with human activities via growth on ship hulls, aquaculture operations, or other marine infrastructure are called 'biofouling'. There is a need to develop sustainable anti-fouling techniques by minimizing impacts to surrounding biota. We use the biofouling-antifouling framework to test hypotheses about marine biofilm succession and stability in response to disturbance, using a novel UV-C LED device. We demonstrate strong bacterial biofilm successional patterns and detect taxa potentially contributing to stability under UV-C stress. Despite UV-C-associated biomass losses and varying UV susceptibility of microbial taxa, we detected high compositional resistance among biofilm bacterial communities, suggesting decoupling of disruption in biomass and community composition following UV-C irradiation. We also report microbial covariance patterns over 24 days of biofilm growth, pointing to areas for study of microbial interactions and targeted antifouling.
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Chao C, Wang L, Li Y, Yan Z, Liu H, Yu D, Liu C. Response of sediment and water microbial communities to submerged vegetations restoration in a shallow eutrophic lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149701. [PMID: 34419912 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Submerged macrophytes are the main primary producers in shallow lakes and play an important role in structuring communities. Aquatic microbes are also an important component of aquatic ecosystems and play important roles in maintaining the health and stability of ecosystems. However, little is known about the interactions between macrophytes and microbes during the reintroduction of submerged vegetation. Here, we chose restored zones dominated by four different submerged vegetations and a bare zone in a shallow eutrophic lake to unveil the microbial diversity, composition and structure changes in sediment and water samples after submerged macrophytes were recovered for one and a half years (July 2019) and two years (April 2020). We found that the recovery of submerged vegetations decreased phosphorus content in water and sediments but increased nitrogen and carbon content in sediments. We observed that the transparency of water in the restored zones was significantly higher than that in the bare zone in July. The recovery of submerged vegetations significantly influenced the alpha diversity of bacterial communities in sediments, with higher values observed in restored zones than in bare zones, whereas no significant influence was found in the water samples. In July, the macrophyte species showed strong effects on the bacterial community composition in water and relatively little effect in sediment. However, a strong effect of the macrophyte species on the composition of bacterial communities in sediments was observed in April, which may be related to the decomposition of plant litter and the decay of detritus. Additionally, the dissimilarity of the sedimentary bacterial community may increase more slowly with environmental changes than the planktonic bacterial community dissimilarity. These results suggest that the large-scale restoration of aquatic macrophytes can not only improve water quality and change sediment characteristics but can also affect the diversity and compositions of bacterial communities, and these effects seem to be very long-lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Chao
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ligong Wang
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huimin Liu
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dan Yu
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
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Resende DISP, Almeida JR, Pereira S, Campos A, Lemos A, Plowman JE, Thomas A, Clerens S, Vasconcelos V, Pinto M, Correia-da-Silva M, Sousa E. From Natural Xanthones to Synthetic C-1 Aminated 3,4-Dioxygenated Xanthones as Optimized Antifouling Agents. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:638. [PMID: 34822509 PMCID: PMC8618441 DOI: 10.3390/md19110638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofouling, which occurs when certain marine species attach and accumulate in artificial submerged structures, represents a serious economic and environmental issue worldwide. The discovery of new non-toxic and eco-friendly antifouling systems to control or prevent biofouling is, therefore, a practical and urgent need. In this work, the antifouling activity of a series of 24 xanthones, with chemical similarities to natural products, was exploited. Nine (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 19, 21, and 23) of the tested xanthones presented highly significant anti-settlement responses at 50 μM against the settlement of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae and low toxicity to this macrofouling species. Xanthones 21 and 23 emerged as the most effective larval settlement inhibitors (EC50 = 7.28 and 3.57 µM, respectively). Additionally, xanthone 23 exhibited a therapeutic ratio (LC50/EC50) > 15, as required by the US Navy program attesting its suitability as natural antifouling agents. From the nine tested xanthones, none of the compounds were found to significantly inhibit the growth of the marine biofilm-forming bacterial strains tested. Xanthones 4, 6, 8, 16, 19, 21, and 23 were found to be non-toxic to the marine non-target species Artemia salina (<10% mortality at 50 μM). Insights on the antifouling mode of action of the hit xanthones 21 and 23 suggest that these two compounds affected similar molecular targets and cellular processes in mussel larvae, including that related to mussel adhesion capacity. This work exposes for the first time the relevance of C-1 aminated xanthones with a 3,4-dioxygenated pattern of substitution as new non-toxic products to prevent marine biofouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. S. P. Resende
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joana R. Almeida
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Sandra Pereira
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Agostinho Lemos
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Jeffrey E. Plowman
- AgResearch Ltd., 1365 Springs Rd, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand; (J.E.P.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Ancy Thomas
- AgResearch Ltd., 1365 Springs Rd, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand; (J.E.P.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefan Clerens
- AgResearch Ltd., 1365 Springs Rd, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand; (J.E.P.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.I.S.P.R.); (J.R.A.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (V.V.); (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
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Sushmitha TJ, Rajeev M, Sriyutha Murthy P, Ganesh S, Toleti SR, Karutha Pandian S. Bacterial community structure of early-stage biofilms is dictated by temporal succession rather than substrate types in the southern coastal seawater of India. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257961. [PMID: 34570809 PMCID: PMC8476003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial communities colonized on submerged substrata are recognized as a key factor in the formation of complex biofouling phenomenon in the marine environment. Despite massive maritime activities and a large industrial sector in the nearshore of the Laccadive Sea, studies describing pioneer bacterial colonizers and community succession during the early-stage biofilm are scarce. We investigated the biofilm-forming bacterial community succession on three substrata viz. stainless steel, high-density polyethylene, and titanium over 15 days of immersion in the seawater intake area of a power plant, located in the southern coastal region of India. The bacterial community composition of biofilms and peripheral seawater were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequenced 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The obtained metataxonomic results indicated a profound influence of temporal succession over substrate type on the early-stage biofilm-forming microbiota. Bacterial communities showed vivid temporal dynamics that involved variations in abundant bacterial groups. The proportion of dominant phyla viz. Proteobacteria decreased over biofilm succession days, while Bacteroidetes increased, suggesting their role as initial and late colonizers, respectively. A rapid fluctuation in the proportion of two bacterial orders viz. Alteromonadales and Vibrionales were observed throughout the successional stages. LEfSe analysis identified specific bacterial groups at all stages of biofilm development, whereas no substrata type-specific groups were observed. Furthermore, the results of PCoA and UPGMA hierarchical clustering demonstrated that the biofilm-forming community varied considerably from the planktonic community. Phylum Proteobacteria preponderated the biofilm-forming community, while the Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria dominated the planktonic community. Overall, our results refute the common assumption that substrate material has a decisive impact on biofilm formation; rather, it portrayed that the temporal succession overshadowed the influence of the substrate material. Our findings provide a scientific understanding of the factors shaping initial biofilm development in the marine environment and will help in designing efficient site-specific anti-biofouling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. J. Sushmitha
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meora Rajeev
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Sriyutha Murthy
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Ganesh
- Department of Chemistry, Scott Christian College, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subba Rao Toleti
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Guo Z, Wang L, Cong W, Jiang Z, Liang Z. Comparative Analysis of the Ecological Succession of Microbial Communities on Two Artificial Reef Materials. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010120. [PMID: 33419197 PMCID: PMC7825563 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Concrete and wood are commonly used to manufacture artificial reefs (ARs) worldwide for marine resource enhancement and habitat restoration. Although microbial biofilms play an important role in marine ecosystems, the microbial communities that colonize concrete and wooden ARs and their temporal succession have rarely been studied. In this study, the temporal succession of the microbial communities on concrete and wooden AR blocks and the driving factors were investigated. The composition of the microbial communities underwent successive shifts over time: among the six dominant phyla, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Gracilibacteria significantly decreased in wood, as did that of Cyanobacteria in concrete. Operational taxonomic units (OTU) richness and Shannon index were significantly higher in concrete than in wood. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination placed the microbial communities in two distinct clusters corresponding to the two substrate materials. The macrobenthic compositions of concrete and wood were broadly similar and shifted over time, especially in the first five weeks. The Shannon index of the microbial communities in concrete and wood increased significantly with the organism coverage. The results provide fundamental data on microbial community succession during the initial deployment of ARs and contribute to understanding the ecological effects of ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhaoyang Jiang
- Correspondence: (Z.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-0631-568-8511 (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Correspondence: (Z.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-0631-568-8511 (Z.L.)
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Floating Wetland Islands Implementation and Biodiversity Assessment in a Port Marina. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Floating wetland islands (FWI) are considered nature-based solutions with great potential to promote several ecosystem services, such as biodiversity and water quality enhancement through phytoremediation processes. To our knowledge, the present work is the first to scientifically document the in-situ establishment of an FWI in a seawater port marina. The establishment and performance of a cork floating platform with a polyculture (Sarcocornia perennis, Juncus maritimus, Phragmites australis, Halimione portulacoides, Spartina maritima, Limonium vulgare) was evaluated. The diversity of organisms present in the FWI was undertaken based on the macrofauna assessment, taking into consideration marine water characterization, with a focus on hydrocarbons. Microbial communities were assessed based on metabarcoding approach to study 16S rRNA gene from environmental DNA retrieved from biofilm (from the planting media), marine biofouling (from the submerged platform) and surface marina water. S. perennis was the species with the highest survival rate and growth. The structure of the microbial community showed clear differences between those established in the FWI and those in the surrounding water, showing the presence of some bacterial groups that can be relevant for bioremediation processes (e.g., Saprospiraceae family). Concerning the macrofauna analysis, Mytilus sp. was the predominant taxa. To be of relevance, total petroleum hydrocarbons were detected at the marina up to ca. 6 mg/L. This study gives new insights into broadening FWI application to the saline environments of port marinas and to supporting a management strategy to promote several ecosystem services such biodiversity, species habitat, water quality enhancement and added aesthetic value to the marina landscape.
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