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Zaheer U, Munir F, Salum YM, He W. Function and regulation of plant ARGONAUTE proteins in response to environmental challenges: a review. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17115. [PMID: 38560454 PMCID: PMC10979746 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental stresses diversely affect multiple processes related to the growth, development, and yield of many crops worldwide. In response, plants have developed numerous sophisticated defense mechanisms at the cellular and subcellular levels to react and adapt to biotic and abiotic stressors. RNA silencing, which is an innate immune mechanism, mediates sequence-specific gene expression regulation in higher eukaryotes. ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins are essential components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). They bind to small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) and target complementary RNAs, causing translational repression or triggering endonucleolytic cleavage pathways. In this review, we aim to illustrate the recently published molecular functions, regulatory mechanisms, and biological roles of AGO family proteins in model plants and cash crops, especially in the defense against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, which could be helpful in crop improvement and stress tolerance in various plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uroosa Zaheer
- Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Faisal Munir
- Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yussuf Mohamed Salum
- Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiyi He
- Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Plant Protection, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Zhu J, Wang W, Sun W, Lei Y, Tan Q, Zhao G, Yun J, Zhao F. Overexpression of cat2 restores antioxidant properties and production traits in degenerated strains of Volvariella volvacea. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 215:94-105. [PMID: 38432262 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Strain degeneration is an important factor hindering the development of the edible fungus industry. Strain degeneration is associated with the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. Catalase (CAT), an important antioxidant enzyme, can promote the clearance of ROS. In this study, the cat2 gene of Volvariella volvacea was first cloned into an overexpression plasmid via homologous recombination. Finally, through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, this plasmid was inserted into degenerated strains of V. volvacea T19. The physiological properties, antioxidant properties, ROS content, matrix degradation activity, and cultivation properties of the transformants were tested. The results showed that the cloned cat2 gene was 99.94% similar to the reference sequence. Screening revealed that six positive transformants were successfully obtained. After the overexpression of cat2, the growth rate and biomass of the mycelium increased significantly in the transformant strains (versus the V. volvacea T19 degenerated strains). Moreover, the accumulation of superoxide radical (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was significantly reduced, and the activity of the enzymes CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was significantly increased. Meanwhile, the expression of cat2, Mnsod1, Mnsod2, gpx, and gr was significantly upregulated, and the activity of eight matrix degradation-related enzymes was increased to varying degrees. More importantly, the overexpression of the cat2 gene promoted the regrowth of fruiting bodies in degenerated strains of V. volvacea T19. This study provides a new biotechnological strategy to control the degeneration of V. volvacea and other edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenpei Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Limited Liability Company, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wanhe Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanxi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiangfei Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gahong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fengyun Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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Gong M, Wang Y, Bao D, Jiang S, Chen H, Shang J, Wang X, Hnin Yu H, Zou G. Improving cold-adaptability of mesophilic cellulase complex with a novel mushroom cellobiohydrolase for efficient low-temperature ensiling. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128888. [PMID: 36925076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low ambient temperature poses a challenge for rice straw-silage processing in cold climate regions, as cold limits enzyme and microbial activity in silages. Here, a novel cold-active cellobiohydrolase (VvCBHI-I) was isolated from Volvariella volvacea, which exhibited outstanding cellobiohydrolase activity at 10-30 °C. The crude cellulase complex in the VvCBHI-I-expressing transformant T1 retained 50% relative activity at 10 °C, while the wildtype Trichoderma reesei showed <5% of the activity. VvCBHI-I greatly improved the saccharification efficiency of the cellulase complex with pretreated rice straw as substrate at 10 °C. In rice straw silage, pH (<4.5) and lactic acid content (>4.6%) remained stable after 15-day ensiling with the cellulase complex from T1 and Lactobacillus plantarum. Moreover, the proportions of cellulose and hemicellulose decreased to 29.84% ± 0.15% and 21.25% ± 0.26% of the dried material. This demonstrates the crucial potential of mushroom-derived cold-active cellobiohydrolases in successful ensiling in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Dapeng Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - Hnin Hnin Yu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Botany Department, University of Mandalay, 73 & 41 Street, Maharaungmyay Township, Mandalay Division, Myanmar
| | - Gen Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Fengxian 201403, Shanghai, China.
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MicroRNA-like RNA Functions Are Required for the Biosynthesis of Active Compounds in the Medicinal Fungus Sanghuangporus vaninii. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0021922. [PMID: 36301126 PMCID: PMC9769868 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00219-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) have been recognized as sequence-specific regulators of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. However, the functions of hundreds of fungal milRNAs in the biosynthesis of metabolic components are obscure. Sanghuangporus produces diverse bioactive compounds and is widely used in Asian countries. Here, genes encoding two Dicers, four Argonautes, and four RdRPs were identified and characterized in Sanghuangporus vanini. Due to the lack of an efficient gene manipulation system, the efficacy of spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) was determined in S. vanini, which showed efficient double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) uptake and gene silencing efficiency. SIGS-mediated gene knockdown showed that SVRDRP-3, SVRDRP-4, SVDICER-1, and SVDICER-2 were critical for mycelial biomass, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and polysaccharide production. Illumina deep sequencing was performed to characterize the milRNAs from S. vanini mycelium and fruiting body. A total of 31 milRNAs were identified, out of which, SvmilR10, SvmilR17, and SvmilR33 were Svrdrp-4- and Svdicer-1-dependent milRNAs. Importantly, SIGS-mediated overexpression of SvmilR10 and SvmilR33 resulted in significant changes in the yields of flavonoids, triterpenoids, and polysaccharides. Further analysis showed that these milRNA target genes encoding the retrotransposon-derived protein PEG1 and histone-lysine N-methyltransferase were potentially downregulated in the milRNA overexpressing strain. Our results revealed that S. vanini has high external dsRNA and small RNA uptake efficiency and that milRNAs may play crucial regulatory roles in the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds. IMPORTANCE Fungi can take up environmental RNA that can silence fungal genes with RNA interference, which prompts the development of SIGS. Efficient dsRNA and milRNA uptake in S. vanini, successful dsRNA-targeted gene block, and the increase in intracellular miRNA abundance showed that SIGS technology is an effective and powerful tool for the functional dissection of fungal genes and millRNAs. We found that the RdRP, Dicer, and Argonaute genes are critical for mycelial biomass and bioactive compound production. Our study also demonstrated that overexpressed SVRDRP-4- and SVDICER-1-dependent milRNAs (SvmilR10 and SvmilR33) led to significant changes in the yields of the three active compounds. This study not only provides the first report on SIGS-based gene and milRNA function exploration, but also provides a theoretical platform for exploration of the functions of milRNAs involved in biosynthesis of metabolic compounds in fungi.
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Gong M, Huang T, Li Y, Li J, Tang L, Su E, Zou G, Bao D. Multi-Omics Analysis of Low-Temperature Fruiting Highlights the Promising Cultivation Application of the Nutrients Accumulation in Hypsizygus marmoreus. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070695. [PMID: 35887452 PMCID: PMC9315786 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypsizygus marmoreus is a representative edible mushroom with low-temperature fruiting after a long postripening (LFLP). Clarifying the mechanism of LFLP and applying a rigorous low-temperature-limited process will optimize the mushroom cultivation process. This study performed an integrative multi-omics analysis of the molecular mechanism of LFLP in combination with genetic, physiological, and cultivation confirmation. The results showed that the amino acid content was increased during LFLP, mainly arginine. pH analysis showed acidification in the postripening stage and alkalization in the substrates of the reproductive growth stage. An enzyme activity test confirmed the increased enzyme activity of arginase and citrate synthase in the postripening stage. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis of the transcriptome and metabolomics indicated that pH variation is correlated mainly with changes in citrate and arginine. Multi-omics reveals a straightforward way of providing enriched materials for amino acid biosynthesis, namely, synergistically elevating citric acid and arginine through enhanced activity of the arginine synthesis branch pathway in the citrate cycle. Our study confirmed that GCN2 mediated metabolic adaptation by enhancing protein translation, highlighting its regulatory role during LFLP. Exogenously added citric acid and arginine shortened the postripening period by 10 days and increased the fruiting body yield by 10.2~15.5%. This research sheds light on the molecular mechanism of LFLP in H. marmoreus and highlights the promising application of nutrient accumulation in high-efficiency cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gong
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (M.G.); (Y.L.); (L.T.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Tianyu Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China;
| | - Yan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (M.G.); (Y.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Jinxin Li
- Research and Development Center, Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc., Shanghai 201401, China;
| | - Lihua Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (M.G.); (Y.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Erzheng Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Gen Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (M.G.); (Y.L.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (D.B.)
| | - Dapeng Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (M.G.); (Y.L.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (D.B.)
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Genome-Wide Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of Argonaute Genes in Hexaploid Bread Wheat. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9983858. [PMID: 34239939 PMCID: PMC8233069 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9983858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Argonaute (AGO) proteins play a pivotal role in plant growth and development as the core components of RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). However, no systematic characterization of AGO genes in wheat has been reported to date. In this study, a total number of 69 TaAGO genes in the hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring) genome, divided into 10 subfamilies, were identified. Compared to all wheat genes, TaAGOs showed a significantly lower evolutionary rate, which is consistent with their high conservation in eukaryotes. However, the homoeolog retention was remarkably higher than the average, implying the nonredundant biological importance of TaAGO genes in bread wheat. Further homoeologous gene expression bias analyses revealed that TaAGOs may have undergone neofunctionalization after polyploidization and duplication through the divergent expression of homoeologous gene copies, to provide new opportunities for the generation of adaptive traits. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that TaAGO gene expression was involved in response to heat, drought, and salt stresses. Our results would provide a theoretical basis for future studies on the biological functions of TaAGO genes in wheat and other gramineous species.
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